Double-helix tailing separation mechanism and tailing pulp separation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-helix tailing separation mechanism and a tailing pulp separation method. The double-helix tailing separation mechanism comprises a rack, the stirring device is arranged at one end of the rack, and the end part of the stirring device is connected with a double-helix sorting device; the shunting precipitation device is arranged at the other end of the rack, one end is connected with the double-helix sorting device, and the other end is connected with the stirring device; after being mixed by the stirring device, tailing pulp is centrifugally separated by the double-helix sorting device, settled particle swarms are eliminated, hardening is eliminated, and light and heavy particles are discharged. According to the double-helix tailing separation mechanism, centrifugal separation is achieved through the double-helix separation device, the separation effect between particles can be remarkably enhanced under the action of centrifugal force, light particles and heavy particles can be separated more clearly and efficiently, the separation precision of micron-sized particles is greatly improved, the more ideal separation effect can be achieved, and the separation efficiency is improved. The problem that traditional equipment is poor in sorting effect is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ore dressing processes, and particularly relates to a double - helix tailings sorting mechanism and a tailings pulp sorting method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern ore dressing industry, the optimization and innovation of ore dressing processes are of crucial significance for improving resource utilization rate, reducing production costs, and minimizing environmental impact. Currently, the main ore dressing methods in the ore dressing industry include gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation, and their combined processes; among them, the gravity separation method, due to its wide application range, plays an important role in processing minerals with large density and significant particle size differences.

[0003] The basic process of gravity separation can be summarized into three stages: loosening, stratification, and separation. Traditionally, gravity separation equipment is mainly divided into film - flow types and jigging types, and common ones include chutes, shaking tables, spiral classifiers, and jiggers, etc. When these devices perform sorting operations under the condition of a single gravity field, there are obvious limitations. For fine - grained particles, due to their extremely slow settling speed, it is very difficult to achieve effective classification of micron - sized particles in a short time. This not only results in poor particle sorting effect and difficult to achieve the ideal separation accuracy, but also low production sorting efficiency, seriously restricting the scale and efficiency of ore dressing production.

[0004] In terms of tailings recovery, current domestic and foreign research mainly focuses on processes such as flotation, magnetic separation, and combined gravity separation and flotation. However, these traditional processes face many difficulties in dealing with fine - grained particles in tailings. On the one hand, due to their small particle size and large specific surface area, fine - grained particles are easily interfered by various factors during the sorting process, increasing the sorting difficulty; on the other hand, the existing tailings recovery process flow not only involves multiple operation links and equipment, increasing the equipment investment cost and maintenance difficulty, but also causing serious waste of water resources. At the same time, traditional equipment has a long sorting time for tailings pulp, and the process flow is often complex, further exacerbating the contradiction between energy consumption and efficiency, restricting the large - scale and economical application of tailings recovery. During the sorting process, a large amount of chemical agents are often used to improve the sorting effect, but the use of these chemical agents brings a series of environmental problems. For example, chemical agents may cause heavy metal enrichment in the ecological environment around the mining area, pollute the soil, water bodies, etc., and thus endanger human health.

[0005] With the continuous development of the ore dressing industry and the increasing requirements for environmental protection, it is extremely urgent to develop a high - efficiency, environmentally friendly tailings sorting device and technology suitable for the sorting of fine - grained particles. The problems of poor sorting effect, low efficiency, high cost, and environmental pollution existing in the existing gravity separation equipment and technology when dealing with fine - grained particles can no longer meet the development needs of the modern ore dressing industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a double - helix tailings separation mechanism and a tailings pulp separation method, so as to solve the technical defects existing in the prior art that the existing gravity separation equipment and technologies have poor separation effect, low efficiency, high cost and environmental pollution problems when dealing with fine - grained particles, and can no longer meet the development needs of modern mineral processing industry.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to be realized: In the first aspect, a double - helix tailings separation mechanism is provided, including: A frame; A stirring device, arranged at one end of the frame, and a double - helix separation device is connected to its end; A shunt precipitation device, arranged at the other end of the frame, one end is connected to the double - helix separation device, and the other end is connected to the stirring device; Among them, after the tailings pulp is mixed by the stirring device, it is centrifugally separated by the double - helix separation device and the sedimentation particle group caking is eliminated, and then the heavy and light particles are discharged.

[0008] Further, the double - helix separation device includes: A bracket, fixed on the frame; A spiral tube, wound and fixed on the outside of the bracket, its top is connected to the stirring device, its bottom is connected with a light - particle tube through a reduced - diameter interface, and the light - particle tube is connected to the shunt precipitation device; An inner - helix structure, fixed inside the spiral tube and arranged along its spiral direction, the inner - helix structure is used to periodically disturb the sedimentation caking particle group formed by the heavy and light particles in the tailings pulp, and eliminate the sedimentation particle group caking phenomenon, so that the heavy and light particles can be separated multiple times; A heavy - particle tube, connected to the bottom of the reduced - diameter interface.

[0009] Further, the outer - spiral diameter of the spiral tube is 280 mm - 300 mm, and the pitch between adjacent two spirals is 80 mm - 100 mm.

[0010] Further, the inner - helix structure is arranged at one end of the spiral tube away from the frame with reference to the inner wall of the spiral tube and the spiral line of the spiral tube.

[0011] Further, the reduced - diameter interface is a flat curve and is adapted to the spiral tube at both ends.

[0012] Further, the stirring device includes: A feed box, one end is connected to the shunt precipitation device, and the other end is fixedly connected with a stirring barrel, and the stirring barrel is arranged on the top of the frame through a rubber spring; A stirring motor, whose driving end extends into the feeding tank and is provided with stirring blades and a material distributing plate, and the stirring blades are located above the material distributing plate; A third centrifugal pump, which is provided with a frequency modulator. One end of the third centrifugal pump is connected to the bottom of the feeding tank, and the other end is connected to the top end of the spiral pipe; Wherein, the frequency modulator is used to adjust the rotation speed of the third centrifugal pump.

[0013] Further, the shunt sedimentation device includes: A light particle clear water tank and a light particle sedimentation tank, which are arranged on the frame and the light particle clear water tank is located above the light particle sedimentation tank. The light particle sedimentation tank is connected to the light particle pipe through a hose. A light particle underflow pipe is connected to the bottom of the light particle sedimentation tank, and the light particle clear water tank is connected to the stirring device through a water inlet pipe; A light particle return pipe, which is connected between the light particle clear water tank and the light particle sedimentation tank; A light particle overflow pipe, one end of which is connected to the light particle clear water tank, and the other end is connected to a second centrifugal pump, and the second centrifugal pump is connected to the light particle return pipe.

[0014] Further, a first centrifugal pump is installed on the water inlet pipe.

[0015] Further, a light particle return pipe is also arranged under the light particle clear water tank, and quick-connect valves are installed on the water inlet pipe, the light particle return pipe and the light particle underflow pipe.

[0016] In a second aspect, a method for separating tailings pulp is provided. The method is carried out by using the double-spiral tailings separation mechanism method as described above, and includes: After the tailings pulp is transported to the stirring device and mixed evenly, the inner spiral structure is used to periodically disturb the agglomeration of the sedimentation particle groups formed by the light and heavy particles in the tailings pulp, and eliminate the agglomeration phenomenon of the sedimentation particle groups, so that the light and heavy particles are separated multiple times; Through the light particle sedimentation tank and the light particle clear water tank, the light particle fluid discharged from the spiral pipe and the clear water after the light particle sedimentation tank particles are precipitated are collected respectively; The clear water is transported to the stirring device for cyclic operation.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Under the condition of a single gravitational field, the settling velocity of fine-grained particles in traditional re-election equipment is very slow, and it is difficult to separate micron-sized particles within a short time. After the double-helix tailing separation mechanism drives the particles to move and mix them evenly through the stirring device, they enter the spiral tube to form a hypergravity environment for centrifugal separation. Compared with the separation under the traditional gravitational field, it can significantly enhance the separation effect between particles, enabling heavy and light particles to be separated more clearly and efficiently, greatly improving the separation accuracy of micron-sized particles, achieving a more ideal separation effect, and effectively solving the problem of poor separation effect of traditional equipment. Through the disturbance effect, the inner spiral structure can eliminate the caking phenomenon of the settling particle group, facilitating the full stratification and separation of particles, further strengthening the separation effect of particles, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the separation process.

[0018] 2. The inner spiral structure can periodically disturb the caking of the settling particle group formed by heavy and light particles, eliminate the problem of bed caking, and promote better stratification of heavy and light particles.

[0019] 3. By adaptively adjusting the diameter and pitch of the outer spiral, and even the shape of the outer spiral itself, the magnitude of the centrifugal force can be changed to cope with different separation situations.

[0020] 4. It avoids the re-mixing of the already stratified particles due to excessive disturbance, ensuring the separation accuracy and effect.

[0021] 5. On the one hand, it can make the stratified flow of heavy and light particles more obvious, and on the other hand, the outflow of heavy particles has a relatively small impact on the flow field inside the double-helix tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the double-helix tailing separation mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Assembly schematic diagram of the spiral tube and the inner spiral structure in the double-helix tailing separation mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the force analysis of particles under the action of the inner spiral structure in the double-helix tailing separation mechanism provided by the present invention; Wherein: 1. Feed box; 2. Stirring blade; 3. Stirring motor; 4. Spiral tube; 5. Rubber spring; 6. Frequency modulator; 7. First frame; 8. Third centrifugal pump; 9. Spiral tube feed inlet; 10. Inner spiral structure; 11. Reducing joint; 12. Heavy particle pipe; 13. Light particle pipe; 14. Water inlet pipe; 15. First centrifugal pump; 16. Ear support; 17. Second frame; 18. Light particle overflow pipe; 19. Light particle clean water tank; 20. Light particle return pipe; 21. Quick-connect valve; 22. Second centrifugal pump; 23. Light particle sedimentation tank; 24. Light particle underflow pipe; 25. Hose; 26. Distributing plate; 27. Stirring barrel; 28. End plate; 29. Support. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "coupled" are used, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0030] To solve the technical deficiencies mentioned in the background art, this embodiment provides a double - helix tailings separation mechanism and a tailings pulp separation method. The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a double - helix tailings separation mechanism, as Figures 1-3 shown, which includes a frame; a stirring device arranged at one end of the frame, and a double - helix separation device is connected to its end; a shunt sedimentation device is arranged at the other end of the frame, one end is connected to the double - helix separation device, and the other end is connected to the stirring device; wherein, after the tailings pulp is mixed by the stirring device, it is centrifugally separated by the double - helix separation device and the agglomeration of the sedimentation particle group is eliminated, and then the heavy and light particles are discharged. Under the condition of a single gravitational field of traditional gravity separation equipment, the sedimentation speed of fine - grained particles is very slow, and it is difficult to separate micron - sized particles in a short time. However, this double - helix tailings separation mechanism drives the particles to move through the stirring device to make them evenly mixed, and then enters the spiral tube 4 to form a super - gravity environment for centrifugal separation; compared with the separation under the traditional gravitational field, it can significantly enhance the separation effect between particles, enabling the heavy and light particles to be separated more clearly and efficiently, greatly improving the separation accuracy of micron - sized particles, achieving a more ideal separation effect, and effectively solving the problem of poor separation effect of traditional equipment.

[0031] Furthermore, through the perturbation action, the double - helix separation device can eliminate the agglomeration phenomenon of the sedimentation particle group, solve the problem of bed agglomeration, which is beneficial to the full stratification and separation of particles, further strengthening the separation effect of particles and ensuring the stability and reliability of the separation process.

[0032] Moreover, in the above structure, the stirring device, the double - helix separation device, and the shunt sedimentation device form a complete circulation system. After the tailings pulp is mixed by the stirring device, it enters the double - helix separation device, and the separated particles are discharged. At the same time, the shunt sedimentation device returns part of the substances to the stirring device, realizing the cyclic treatment of the pulp. This continuous operation method avoids the time delay caused by multiple independent operation links in the traditional process and further improves the overall separation efficiency.

[0033] In addition, the traditional tailings recovery process is complex, involving multiple water-using links, resulting in serious water resource waste. The double-helix tailings separation mechanism realizes the recycling of pulp through the shunt sedimentation device, reducing the usage of fresh water and the consumption of water resources, meeting the requirements of modern mineral processing industry for water conservation. Finally, the traditional tailings recovery process often requires the use of a large amount of chemical agents to improve the separation effect. These chemical agents will pollute the ecological environment around the mining area, leading to problems such as heavy metal enrichment. However, this mechanism adopts a physical separation method, without the use of chemical agents, avoiding the environmental pollution risks brought by chemical agents and protecting the ecological environment and human health around the mining area.

[0034] Furthermore, the double-helix separation device includes a bracket 29 fixed on the frame; the spiral pipe 4 is wound and fixed on the outside of the bracket 29. The spiral pipe inlet 9 at its top is connected to the stirring device, and its bottom is connected with a light particle pipe 13 through a reduced-diameter interface 11. The light particle pipe 13 is connected to the shunt sedimentation device; the inner spiral structure 10 is fixed inside the spiral pipe 4 and arranged along its spiral direction. The inner spiral structure 10 is used to periodically disturb the agglomeration of the sedimentation particle groups formed by the heavy and light particles in the tailings pulp, eliminating the problem of bed agglomeration, so that the heavy and light particles can be separated multiple times; the heavy particle pipe 12 is connected to the bottom of the reduced-diameter interface 11. The spiral pipe 4 is wound and fixed on the outside of the bracket 29 on the frame, providing a stable operating environment for the separation process. The bracket 29 plays a role of support and fixation, ensuring the stability and reliability of the spiral pipe 4 during operation, avoiding the influence on the separation effect caused by equipment shaking, and laying a foundation for the efficient separation of tailings pulp.

[0035] The top of the spiral pipe 4 is connected to the stirring device, enabling the tailings pulp after stirring and mixing to smoothly enter the double-helix separation device. The bottom is connected with the light particle pipe 13 through the reduced-diameter interface 11, and the light particle pipe 13 is connected to the shunt sedimentation device. The heavy particle pipe 12 is connected to the bottom of the reduced-diameter interface 11, realizing the reasonable shunt of heavy and light particles, enabling the separated particles to accurately enter different collection pipes according to the density difference, and improving the accuracy and separation effect of the separation.

[0036] During the flow of tailings pulp, the inner spiral structure 10 can periodically disturb the agglomeration of the sediment particle groups formed by heavy and light particles, eliminate the problem of bed agglomeration, and promote better stratification of heavy and light particles. At the same time, the periodic disturbance of the inner spiral structure 10 enables the heavy and light particles to be separated multiple times, greatly improving the sorting accuracy, and being able to more effectively distinguish between heavy and light particles, meeting the requirements of modern mineral processing industry for high-precision sorting. At the same time, during the sorting process of tailings pulp, particles are prone to sedimentation and agglomeration, which will hinder the normal stratification and separation of particles, affecting the continuity and efficiency of sorting. The inner spiral structure 10 is arranged along the spiral direction of the spiral tube 4, and can periodically disturb the agglomeration of the sediment particle groups formed by heavy and light particles in the tailings pulp. This disturbing effect can break the agglomerated state of the particles in a timely manner, keeping the particles loose and active all the time, which is conducive to the full stratification and separation of heavy and light particles, thereby improving the sorting accuracy and effect. Among them, each disturbance is equivalent to an opportunity for re-sorting. Under such multiple disturbances, heavy and light particles can be separated multiple times, enhancing the sorting effect, making the separation of heavy and light particles more thorough, and improving the purity of the sorting products. Whether it is pulp with a large density difference or uneven particle size distribution, ideal sorting effects can be achieved through multiple separations, improving the versatility and adaptability of the device.

[0037] The variable-diameter interface 11 realizes the separation and discharge of heavy and light particles. The light particles enter the shunt sedimentation device through the light particle tube 13 connected to the variable-diameter interface 11, and the heavy particles are discharged from the heavy particle tube 12 at the bottom of the variable-diameter interface 11, enabling the separation and collection process of heavy and light particles to be completed synchronously, simplifying the operation process, and improving the sorting efficiency.

[0038] The support 29 serves as a fixed base, and its high-strength material characteristics provide a stable operating platform for the spiral tube 4, effectively resisting the impact force generated by the pulp flow, reducing the risk of equipment vibration, and extending the service life.

[0039] The outer spiral diameter D of the spiral tube 4 can be appropriately changed, and the pitch H between adjacent two spirals can also be appropriately adjusted. The spiral tube 4 can also be a special-shaped spiral. In actual application, by adaptively adjusting the diameter and pitch of the outer spiral, the magnitude of the centrifugal force can be changed to cope with different sorting situations. The particles in the spiral tube 4 are mainly subjected to forces such as centrifugal force Fc, gravity Fg, buoyancy Fb, drag force Fd, and collision force Fx of the inner spiral structure 10.

[0040] The inner spiral structure 10 is arranged at one end of the spiral tube 4 away from the frame. When the tailings pulp enters the spiral tube 4 from the stirring device, in the initial stage, the particle distribution is relatively uniform but not fully stratified. Setting the inner spiral structure 10 at one end away from the frame can quickly disturb the sediment particle group formed after the pulp enters the spiral tube 4, promoting the preliminary separation of heavy and light particles.

[0041] Taking the inner wall of the spiral pipe 4 and the spiral line of the spiral pipe 4 as a reference, the height of the inner spiral structure 10 can be appropriately changed, and the length of the inner spiral structure 10 can also be appropriately adjusted.

[0042] The height and length of the inner spiral structure 10 determine the disturbance intensity of the sedimentation particle group formed by light and heavy particles in the tailings pulp. The height of the inner spiral structure 10 can be appropriately changed, and the length of the inner spiral structure 10 can also be appropriately adjusted. It will neither be unable to generate effective disturbance due to the too low inner spiral structure 10, nor cause too much obstruction to the pulp flow due to the too long length; at the same time, appropriate disturbance can promote the relative movement between particles and make the light and heavy particles better stratified.

[0043] In this embodiment, the variable-diameter interface 11 is a flat curve, and both ends are adapted to the spiral pipe 4. The internal space layout of the flat curve can provide more suitable conditions for the separation of light and heavy particles. Its flat structure enables light and heavy particles to have a clearer flow path during the diversion process. Light particles can flow along a specific area of the pipe wall, while heavy particles tend to flow at specific positions inside the pipe due to their own gravity.

[0044] The design that both ends are adapted to the spiral pipe 4 ensures the continuity of the separation process. The pulp enters the variable-diameter interface 11 from the spiral pipe 4 and then flows out from the variable-diameter interface 11. The whole process is smooth without obstruction, avoiding problems such as fluid leakage or poor flow caused by interface mismatch.

[0045] Furthermore, the stirring device includes a feed box 1, one end is connected to the diversion and precipitation device, and the other end is fixedly connected with a stirring barrel 27. The stirring barrel 27 is arranged on the top of the frame through a rubber spring 5; a stirring motor 3, whose driving end extends into the feed box 1 and is provided with a stirring blade 2 and a material distribution plate 26, and the stirring blade 2 is located above the material distribution plate 26; a third centrifugal pump 8, which is provided with a frequency modulator 6. One end of the third centrifugal pump 8 is connected to the bottom of the feed box 1, and the other end is connected to the top of the spiral pipe 4; wherein, the frequency modulator 6 is used to adjust the rotation speed of the third centrifugal pump 8.

[0046] The stirring barrel 27 is arranged on the top of the frame through the rubber springs 5. The rubber springs 5 have the functions of shock absorption and buffering, and can effectively reduce the influence of the vibration generated during the stirring process on the frame and other equipment. With the cooperation of the stirring motor 3, the stirring blades 2 and the material distribution plate 26, the driving end of the stirring motor 3 extends into the feeding box 1 and is provided with the stirring blades 2 and the material distribution plate 26. The stirring blades 2 are located above the material distribution plate 26. The stirring motor 3 drives the stirring blades 2 to rotate, fully stirring the tailings pulp entering the feeding box 1 to make various components in the pulp evenly mixed. At the same time, during the rotation process, the material distribution plate 26 can conduct preliminary material distribution and guidance on the pulp, ensuring that the pulp can enter the subsequent treatment links evenly. During this process, the evenly mixed pulp can enable the heavy and light particles to better stratify during the separation process, reduce the separation error caused by uneven pulp, and improve the separation accuracy and product quality.

[0047] One end of the third centrifugal pump 8 is connected to the bottom of the feeding box 1, and the other end is tangentially connected to the top of the spiral pipe 4 using a pipe, forming a conveying channel for the pulp from the feeding box 1 to the spiral pipe 4. The setting of the frequency modulator 6 enables the speed of the third centrifugal pump 8 to be adjustable, and can accurately control the conveying flow rate and pressure of the pulp according to different pulp properties and treatment requirements. The frequency modulator 6 can adjust the speed of the third centrifugal pump 8. By adjusting the speed, the speed and pressure of the pulp entering the spiral pipe 4 can be flexibly controlled according to the properties and flow rate of the tailings pulp, ensuring the stability and high efficiency of the separation process. For example, when the pulp concentration is high, the speed of the third centrifugal pump 8 can be appropriately increased to ensure the pulp supply; when the pulp flow rate needs to be accurately controlled, the speed can be finely adjusted through the frequency modulator 6 to achieve precise feeding.

[0048] In this embodiment, the flow splitting and sedimentation device includes a light particle clear water tank 19 and a light particle sedimentation tank 23, which are arranged on the frame and the light particle clear water tank 19 is located above the light particle sedimentation tank 23. The light particle sedimentation tank 23 is connected to the light particle pipe 13 through a hose 25. A light particle underflow pipe 24 is connected to the bottom of the light particle sedimentation tank 23. The light particle clear water tank 19 is connected to the stirring device through a water inlet pipe 14; a light particle return pipe 20 is connected between the light particle clear water tank 19 and the light particle sedimentation tank 23; a light particle overflow pipe 18 has one end connected to the light particle clear water tank 19 and the other end connected to a second centrifugal pump 22, and the second centrifugal pump 22 is connected to the light particle return pipe 20. Among them, a first centrifugal pump 15 is installed on the water inlet pipe 14, and a light particle return pipe 20 is also provided under the light particle clear water tank 19. Quick-connect valves 21 are installed on the water inlet pipe 14, the light particle return pipe 20, and the light particle underflow pipe 24. During sorting, the stirring motor 3 is turned on to make the stirring blades 2 stir. The tailings pulp with a certain concentration enters from the upper port of the feed box 1. The particles are mixed evenly by the stirring blades 2, and the splashed pulp enters the bottom of the stirring barrel 27 and flows into the third centrifugal pump 8. The third centrifugal pump 8 ensures a relatively stable supergravity environment in the double spiral pipe 4; the frequency converter 6 controls the current of the third centrifugal pump 8, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the third centrifugal pump 8, so that the tailings pulp enters the spiral pipe 4 tangentially with a certain acceleration, and adjusts the appropriate rotation speed of the third centrifugal pump 8 to form a stable supergravity ore dressing environment with the spiral pipe 4 for centrifugal separation. The inner spiral structure 10 periodically disturbs the agglomeration of the sedimentation particle groups formed by light and heavy particles, eliminates the agglomeration phenomenon of the sedimentation particle groups, improves the separation efficiency, enables the light and heavy particles to be separated multiple times, and the variable-diameter interface 11 is connected to the heavy particle pipe 12. Finally, the light particles are subjected to a smaller centrifugal force and are discharged through the light particle pipe 13, and the heavy particles move in an outer spiral along the bottom of the outer spiral until they are discharged in a swirling manner through the heavy particle pipe 12.

[0049] It enters the light particle sedimentation tank 23 through the hose 25 for sedimentation. After the clear water passes through the second centrifugal pump 22, it enters the light particle clear water tank 19. After that, the clear water is accelerated tangentially by the action of the first centrifugal pump 15 and enters the feed box 1 to be mixed with the pulp for the light and heavy particle separation process again. Some light particles enter the light particle clear water tank 19 with the clear water and precipitate, and then flow into the light particle sedimentation tank 23 through the light particle return pipe 20 for re-precipitation. The light and heavy particles are collected at the outlets of the light particle underflow pipe 24 and the heavy particle pipe 12 respectively. It should be noted that the third centrifugal pump 8 provides a supergravity environment for the spiral pipe 4. After the pulp enters the spiral pipe 4, it starts to move in a spiral manner. The space for the particles to move in the spiral pipe 4 is limited, and various particles are crowded in a limited range for sedimentation.

[0050] For a single particle, the particle is subject to forces such as centrifugal force, gravity, buoyancy, drag force, and the collision force of the inner spiral structure 10. The centrifugal force on the heavy-density particle is greater, and its centrifugal sedimentation speed is faster in the flow field of the double spiral structure. It swirls downward along the inner wall of the outer spiral and is more likely to settle to the wall to form a bed. The centrifugal force on the light particle is smaller, and its sedimentation speed in the flow field is slower. Some light particles can move upward due to the drag force and buoyancy in the axial direction, and some light particles form a crust after settling to the outer layer of the bed where the heavy particles settle, affecting the particle separation efficiency. In the structure of the spiral tube 4, the periodically distributed inner spiral structure 10 can cause the heavy and light particles forming the crust to be thrown and separated, enabling the agglomerated particles to be separated again in the flow field and improving the separation efficiency. The speed and flow rate of the third centrifugal pump 8 are controlled by the frequency converter 6. At this time, the centrifugal force on the particles also changes accordingly. Particles of different densities exhibit different motion laws at this stage. The inner spiral structure 10 can disrupt the accumulation of heavy and light particles through friction and collision with them, thereby changing the motion trajectories of heavy and light particles and enabling heavy and light particles to be separated multiple times. The heavy particles settle at the bottom of the pipeline and flow out through the heavy particle pipe 12 at the bottom of the 5th turn of the outer spiral, while the light particles and impurities flow out at the tail light particle pipe 13 of the double spiral pipe 4 on the upper side of the pipeline. In this embodiment, the frame includes a first frame 7 and a second frame 17. The second frame 17 is detachably installed on one side of the first frame 7. The first frame 7 is of a frame structure with an opening at the top. An end plate 28 is installed at the top of the mixing barrel 27. Both ends of the end plate 28 are connected to the top of the first frame 7 through rubber springs 5. The rubber springs 5 and the first frame 7 cooperate to achieve the buffering and cancellation of mixing vibration. The second frame 17 is of a double-layer frame structure. The light particle clear water tank 19 and the light particle sedimentation tank 23 are of a conical barrel structure. The light particle clear water tank 19 is installed on the upper layer of the second frame 17 through an ear-type support 16, and the light particle sedimentation tank 23 is also installed on the lower layer of the second frame 17 through an ear-type support 16.

[0051] Second, a method for separating tailings pulp is provided. The method is carried out by using the double-spiral tailings separation mechanism method as described above, and includes: Step 1: After transporting the tailings pulp to the mixing device and mixing it evenly, the inner spiral structure is used to periodically disturb the sedimentation particle group crust formed by heavy and light particles in the tailings pulp, and eliminate the sedimentation particle group crust phenomenon, so that the heavy and light particles can be separated multiple times; Step 2: The light particle fluid discharged from the spiral tube and the clear water sedimentated in the light particle sedimentation tank are respectively collected through the light particle sedimentation tank and the light particle clear water tank; Step 3: The clear water is transported to the mixing device for cyclic operation.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit the scope of its protection. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that after reading the present invention, various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation manners of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the scope of the claims of the invention pending approval.

Claims

1. A double-helix tailings separation mechanism, characterized in that Including: Frame; A stirring device is arranged at one end of the frame, and a double - helix sorting device is connected to its end; A shunt sedimentation device is arranged at the other end of the frame, one end is connected to the double - helix sorting device, and the other end is connected to the stirring device; Among them, after the tailing pulp is mixed by the stirring device, it is centrifugally separated by the double - helix sorting device, and after the caking of the sedimentation particle group is eliminated, it is discharged into light and heavy particles.

2. The double-helix tailings sorting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein The double - helix sorting device includes: A bracket fixed on the frame; A spiral pipe is wound and fixed on the outside of the bracket, its top end is connected to the stirring device, and its bottom end is connected with a light - particle pipe through a reduced - diameter interface, and the light - particle pipe is connected to the shunt sedimentation device; An inner - spiral structure is fixed inside the spiral pipe and is arranged along its spiral direction. The inner - spiral structure is used to periodically disturb the caking of the sedimentation caking particle group formed by light and heavy particles in the tailing pulp, and eliminate the caking phenomenon of the sedimentation particle group, so that the light and heavy particles can be separated multiple times; A heavy - particle pipe is connected to the bottom of the reduced - diameter interface.

3. The double-helix tailings separation mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The outer - spiral diameter of the spiral pipe is 280mm - 300mm, and the pitch between adjacent two spirals is 80mm - 100mm.

4. The double-helix tailings separation mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The inner - spiral structure is set at one end of the spiral pipe away from the frame with the inner wall of the spiral pipe and the spiral line of the spiral pipe as a reference.

5. The double-helix tailings separation mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The reduced - diameter interface is a flat curve and both ends are adapted to the spiral pipe.

6. The double-helix tailings separation mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The stirring device includes: A feed box, one end is connected to the shunt sedimentation device, and the other end is fixedly connected with a stirring barrel. The stirring barrel is arranged on the top of the frame through a rubber spring; A stirring motor, its driving end extends into the feed box and is provided with stirring blades and a material - distributing plate, and the stirring blades are located above the material - distributing plate; A third centrifugal pump is provided with a frequency modulator. One end of the third centrifugal pump is connected to the bottom of the feed box, and the other end is connected to the top end of the spiral pipe; Among them, the frequency modulator is used to adjust the rotation speed of the third centrifugal pump.

7. The double-helix tailings separation mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The shunt sedimentation device includes: A light - particle clear - water tank and a light - particle sedimentation tank are arranged on the frame, and the light - particle clear - water tank is located above the light - particle sedimentation tank. The light - particle sedimentation tank is connected to the light - particle pipe through a hose. The bottom of the light - particle sedimentation tank is connected with a light - particle underflow pipe, and the light - particle clear - water tank is connected to the stirring device through a water inlet pipe; A light - particle return pipe is connected between the light - particle clear - water tank and the light - particle sedimentation tank; A light - particle overflow pipe, one end is connected to the light - particle clear - water tank, and the other end is connected to a second centrifugal pump, and the second centrifugal pump is connected to the light - particle return pipe.

8. The double-helix tailings separation mechanism according to claim 7, wherein, A first centrifugal pump is installed on the water inlet pipe.

9. The double-helix tailings separation mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that There is also a light - particle return pipe under the light - particle clear - water tank, and quick - connect valves are installed on the water inlet pipe, the light - particle return pipe and the light - particle underflow pipe.

10. A method for separating tailings pulp, characterized in that, The method is carried out by using the double - helix tailing sorting mechanism method according to any one of claims 1 - 9, including: After the tailing pulp is transported to the stirring device and mixed evenly, the inner - spiral structure is used to periodically disturb the caking of the sedimentation particle group formed by light and heavy particles in the tailing pulp, and eliminate the caking phenomenon of the sedimentation particle group, so that the light and heavy particles can be separated multiple times; Collect the light particle fluid discharged from the spiral tube and the clear water after the light particle sedimentation in the light particle sedimentation tank and the light particle clear water tank respectively; Transport the clear water to the stirring device for cyclic operation.

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