Electrode punching device and punching method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric spark punching equipment, in particular to an electrode punching device and a punching method. The electrode punching device comprises a guider and a water sprayer; the water sprayer is connected to the guider; the water sprayer is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle extends to the position below the guide hole of the guider, so that the spraying direction of the nozzle points to the punching position of the electrode wire. When the electrode punching device is used, the electrode punching machine monitors the punching condition of the electrode wire. The electrode perforating machine can monitor whether a workpiece is perforated or not in time. When the workpiece is just penetrated, water is sprayed through the water sprayer. Deionized water is sprayed to the punching position of the electrode wire through the nozzle, so that the deionized water enters the hole and flushes waste residues generated in the hole, and normal punching is guaranteed. And the problem that after deionized water in the electrode wire rushes out, the hole cannot be effectively cleaned is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric discharge machining equipment, and more particularly, to an electrode drilling device and a drilling method. Background Art

[0002] In electric discharge machining (EDM), an electrode wire is usually energized and brought close to a metal workpiece. The electric spark generated by the discharge corrodes the metal material to form the required holes or cavities. During the machining process, a high-pressure flushing liquid is introduced into the electrode wire to remove the electro-erosion waste residues generated in the holes and ensure the stable progress of the machining.

[0003] However, there is a significant problem with this technology: as the machining progresses, the tip of the electrode wire gradually forms an arc shape due to continuous discharge. When the workpiece is about to be penetrated, the tip of the electrode wire is exposed first, causing the flushing liquid to spray directly out of the tip to the outside of the hole, while the area around the electrode wire has not completely penetrated the workpiece. At this time, since the flushing liquid cannot effectively wash the area around the electrode wire, the electro-erosion waste residues will accumulate on the hole wall, blocking the normal discharge between the electrode wire and the workpiece, and ultimately resulting in the stagnation of the machining and the inability to complete the penetration.

[0004] Currently, the prior art has not provided an effective solution to address this problem. Especially in the machining of micro-holes or deep holes, the machining interruption caused by the accumulation of waste residues seriously affects the machining efficiency and quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method or device to ensure effective flushing and chip removal during the penetration stage and guarantee the continuity and stability of electric discharge machining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrode drilling device and a drilling method that can introduce water into the hole to wash away the waste residues.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention are realized through the following technical solutions: An electrode drilling device includes a guide and a water sprayer; the water sprayer is connected to the guide; the water sprayer is provided with a nozzle and the nozzle extends below the guide hole of the guide so that the spraying direction of the nozzle points to the drilling position of the electrode wire.

[0007] Further, the nozzle is annular and a through hole for the electrode wire to pass through is provided at the center so that the nozzle sprays a water curtain around the electrode wire.

[0008] Further, it further includes a buffer part; the buffer part is hollowed out inside to form a buffer chamber; the buffer part is annular and sleeved outside the guide; the nozzle is connected below the buffer part.

[0009] Further, the nozzle is threadedly connected below the buffer part.

[0010] Further, an annular connecting piece is disposed above the buffer portion and around the guide. A locking portion is further included. The locking portion includes a connecting ring and a plurality of pressing blocks disposed inside the connecting ring. The connecting ring is threadedly connected to the outside of the connecting piece. A gap for inserting the connecting piece is provided between the connecting ring and the pressing blocks. The pressing blocks and the connecting piece are provided with inclined surfaces that cooperate with each other, so that when the connecting piece enters the gap, the pressing blocks are pushed to swing and press against the guide.

[0011] Further, the locking portion is further provided with a fixing ring. The plurality of pressing blocks are connected to the fixing ring and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring. The connecting ring is rotatably connected to the fixing ring.

[0012] Further, the locking portion is further provided with a sealing ring. The sealing ring is connected to the top of the fixing ring by screws. The fixing ring is provided in a stepped shape so as to form an annular chute between the sealing ring and the fixing ring. A convex ring that is received in the chute is provided on the inner wall of the connecting ring.

[0013] Further, the fixing ring and the pressing blocks are made of spring steel.

[0014] An electrode punching method, wherein a punching machine monitors the punching situation. When it is detected that the workpiece is penetrated, the nozzle sprays liquid into the hole until the electrode wire completely penetrates the workpiece.

[0015] Further, when the workpiece is not penetrated, the hydraulic pressure inside the buffer chamber is controlled to be half of the hydraulic pressure inside the electrode wire. When it is detected that the workpiece is penetrated, the hydraulic pressure inside the buffer chamber is controlled to be the same as the hydraulic pressure inside the electrode wire.

[0016] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: When the electrode punching device of the present invention is in use, an electrode punching machine monitors the punching situation of the electrode wire. The electrode punching machine can timely monitor whether the workpiece is penetrated. When the workpiece is just penetrated, water is sprayed through a water sprayer. Deionized water is sprayed through the nozzle to the punching position of the electrode wire, so that the deionized water enters the hole and flushes the waste residue generated in the hole, ensuring the normal progress of punching. It is avoided that the hole cannot be effectively cleaned after the deionized water inside the electrode wire flushes out.

[0017] The nozzle is provided with a through hole at its center for the electrode wire to pass through. The aperture of the through hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrode wire, so that the electrode wire can just smoothly extend along the through hole. This also makes the outlet of the nozzle extend above the hole opening and makes the spraying direction of the nozzle tend to be parallel to the punching direction, which is more conducive to the deionized water entering the hole. The nozzle sprays a water curtain around the electrode wire, so that the liquid evenly covers the electrode wire and the machining area, improving the cooling and chip removal effects. The nozzle stabilizes and guides the electrode wire.

[0018] The buffer chamber inside the buffer part allows deionized water to enter and be temporarily stored. When the high-pressure deionized water is suddenly connected to the water sprayer, the water pressure is buffered in the buffer chamber and then transmitted to the nozzle. Furthermore, the speed of the deionized water ejected from the nozzle gradually increases, avoiding a sudden increase in the speed of the deionized water ejected from the nozzle, which may cause a large impact force, resulting in the shaking of the electrode wire and affecting the machining accuracy.

[0019] During the process of tightening the connection ring, the connecting piece gradually enters the gap between the connection ring and the top block under the action of the thread, and then pushes the top block to swing and tighten the guide, realizing the firm fixation between the buffer part and the guide. By reversely screwing the connection ring, it can be gradually loosened, and then both the buffer part and the locking part can be removed from the guide. This enables the buffer part and the locking part to adapt to guides of various sizes, with stronger adaptability. At the same time, the top block gathers towards the guide from all around and holds the guide tightly, making the guide always located at the center of the connecting piece and also at the center of the nozzle, ensuring that the electrode wire can accurately pass through the center of the nozzle.

[0020] The connection ring and the fixed ring can rotate relative to each other through the cooperation of the chute and the convex ring. It also avoids obvious wear of the guide caused by forced rotation of the connection ring, resulting in relative sliding between the top block and the guide. In addition, the sealing ring can be removed from the fixed ring, which is convenient for the disassembly and assembly of the connection ring and the fixed ring and facilitates maintenance. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic external view of the electrode punching device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the electrode punching device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic internal structure view of the electrode punching device.

[0024] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged view of part a in

[0025] Reference numerals: 1 - guide, 11 - guide hole, 21 - nozzle, 3 - buffer part, 31 - connecting piece, 4 - electrode wire, 51 - connection ring, 511 - convex ring, 52 - top block, 53 - fixed ring, 54 - sealing ring, 56 - chute, 6 - workpiece, 7 - connecting nozzle. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] As Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, the present invention provides an electrode punching device, including a guide 1 and a water sprayer. The electrode punching machine mainly consists of a power supply system, a control system, an electrode clamping mechanism, a guide 1, and a workpiece 6 positioning device. Its principle is to generate high-frequency pulsed current through the power supply, form a discharge channel between the electrode wire 4 (usually copper or graphite) and the workpiece 6, and use the electrospark corrosion effect to process microholes on the workpiece 6. The guide 1 ensures the perpendicularity and stability of the electrode wire 4 during the high-speed feeding process, prevents deflection, and thus improves the machining accuracy.

[0027] The guide 1 is made of high-hardness wear-resistant materials such as ceramics or cemented carbide. Its inner wall is a precision-machined cylindrical hole or conical hole, namely the guide hole 11, which has a clearance fit with the electrode wire 4 (usually 2 - 5μm), reduces friction, and guides the movement of the electrode wire 4. At the same time, the electrode wire 4 is a thin tube with water flowing inside. The water flow is achieved by circulating a coolant, such as deionized water, inside or outside the electrode wire 4 to reduce the temperature during the discharge machining and wash away the waste residues generated by the electroerosion, ensuring the machining stability and accuracy. The electrode punching machine is prior art and will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0028] The water sprayer is connected below the guide 1 and is provided with a nozzle 21. The nozzle 21 extends below the guide hole 11, so that the spraying direction of the nozzle 21 points to the punching position of the electrode wire 4 to ensure that the liquid is accurately sprayed onto the machining area.

[0029] During punching, the electrode punching machine monitors the punching situation of the electrode wire 4. The electrode punching machine can timely monitor whether the workpiece 6 is penetrated. Specifically, the electrode punching machine detects the penetration of the electrode into the workpiece 6 mainly through the monitoring of the discharge state. Its principle is that when the electrode penetrates the workpiece 6, the discharge gap increases, resulting in an increase in the inter-electrode voltage or a decrease in the current.

[0030] When the workpiece 6 is just penetrated, water is sprayed through the water sprayer. Deionized water is sprayed through the nozzle 21 towards the punching position of the electrode wire 4, so that the deionized water enters the hole and flushes the waste residues generated inside the hole, ensuring the normal progress of punching. This avoids the situation that the inside of the hole cannot be effectively cleaned after the deionized water in the electrode wire 4 flushes out.

[0031] In this embodiment, the nozzle 21 is annular. As Figure 3 shown, a through hole is provided at the center of the nozzle 21 for the electrode wire 4 to pass through. The aperture of the through hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrode wire 4, so that the electrode wire 4 can just smoothly extend along the through hole. This also makes the outlet of the nozzle 21 extend above the hole opening and makes the spraying direction of the nozzle 21 tend to be parallel to the punching direction, which is more conducive to the deionized water entering the hole. The nozzle 21 sprays a water curtain around the electrode wire 4, making the liquid evenly cover the electrode wire 4 and the machining area, improving the cooling and chip removal effects.

[0032] It also includes a buffer part 3, the inside of which is hollowed out to form a buffer chamber. AsFigure 3 As shown, the buffer part 3 is annular and sleeved outside the guide 1. The nozzle 21 is connected below the buffer part 3. A connecting nozzle 7 is connected to the outside of the buffer part 3, facilitating the connection of a pipeline through the connecting nozzle 7 to introduce deionized water into the buffer chamber. The buffer chamber inside the buffer part 3 stores the deionized water temporarily after it enters. When the water sprayer suddenly connects to high-pressure deionized water, the water pressure is buffered in the buffer chamber and then transmitted to the nozzle 21. Consequently, the speed of the deionized water sprayed by the nozzle 21 gradually increases, avoiding a sudden increase in the speed of the deionized water sprayed by the nozzle 21 that would generate a large impact force, causing the electrode wire 4 to shake and affecting the machining accuracy.

[0033] As Figure 3 shown, the nozzle 21 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the buffer part 3 by a thread, facilitating disassembly, installation, maintenance. At the same time, it also enables the nozzle 21 to be replaced as needed. As a result, electrode wires 4 with different outer diameters can just pass through the through hole in the middle of the nozzle 21, and then the electrode wire 4 is stabilized and guided by the nozzle 21.

[0034] An annular connecting piece 31 is arranged above the buffer part 3 around the guide 1 for cooperating with the locking part to fix the guide 1. As Figure 4 shown, the locking part includes a connecting ring 51, several pressing blocks 52 and a fixing ring 53. The connecting ring 51 is threadedly connected to the outside of the connecting piece 31, and a gap is formed between its inside and the pressing blocks 52 for the connecting piece 31 to be inserted. The contact surfaces of the pressing blocks 52 and the connecting piece 31 are provided with mutually cooperating inclined surfaces, such that when the connecting piece 31 enters the gap between the connecting ring 51 and the pressing blocks 52, it pushes the pressing blocks 52 to swing, thereby tightly pressing the guide 1 to achieve firm fixation.

[0035] During the process of tightening the connecting ring 51, the connecting piece 31 gradually enters the gap between the connecting ring 51 and the pressing blocks 52 under the action of the thread, and then pushes the pressing blocks 52 to swing and tightly press the guide 1, achieving firm fixation between the buffer part 3 and the guide 1. By reversely screwing the connecting ring 51, it can be gradually loosened, and then the buffer part 3 and the locking part can both be removed from the guide 1. This enables the buffer part 3 and the locking part to adapt to guides 1 of various sizes, with stronger adaptability. At the same time, the pressing blocks 52 gather towards the guide 1 synchronously from all around to tightly hold the guide 1, making the guide 1 always located at the center of the connecting piece 31 and also at the center of the nozzle 21, ensuring that the electrode wire 4 can accurately pass through the center of the nozzle 21.

[0036] The fixing ring 53 is in a stepped shape, and its top is connected with a sealing ring 54 by a screw. An annular sliding groove 56 is formed between the fixing ring 53 and the sealing ring 54. A convex ring 511 is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting ring 51, and the convex ring 511 is embedded in the sliding groove 56, enabling the connecting ring 51 to rotate relative to the fixing ring 53.

[0037] When the rotating connection ring 51 is rotated, the pressing block 52 gradually clamps the guide 1 tightly and cannot rotate relative to the guide 1. At this time, in order to further tighten and fix it to the guide 1, the connection ring 51 needs to be further tightened. The cooperation of the sliding groove 56 and the convex ring 511 between the connection ring 51 and the fixed ring 53 enables the connection ring 51 and the fixed ring 53 to rotate relative to each other. It also avoids obvious wear of the guide 1 caused by the relative sliding of the pressing block 52 and the guide 1 due to forced rotation of the connection ring 51. In addition, the sealing ring 54 can be removed from the fixed ring 53, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the connection ring 51 and the fixed ring 53 and is convenient for maintenance.

[0038] Preferably, the fixed ring 53 and the pressing block 52 are made of spring steel to improve the elasticity and durability of the locking structure.

[0039] The present invention also provides an electrode drilling method, which uses the electrode drilling device of Embodiment 1, and the specific steps are as follows: The electrode wire 4 drills a hole in the workpiece 6 under the guidance of the guide 1. The drilling machine monitors the processing situation in real time. When it detects that the workpiece 6 is penetrated, the control system starts the water sprayer to make the nozzle 21 spray liquid (such as deionized water) into the hole until the electrode wire 4 completely penetrates the workpiece 6. In this way, the waste residue in the hole can be removed in time, thereby ensuring that the electrode wire 4 can smoothly penetrate the workpiece 6.

[0040] Furthermore, when the workpiece 6 is not penetrated, the hydraulic pressure inside the buffer chamber is controlled at half of the hydraulic pressure inside the electrode wire 4 to reduce the interference of the liquid on the processing process. At this time, the flow of deionized water towards the hole opening will also be dispersed by the deionized water flowing out of the hole and does not interfere with the processing process. This also makes the nozzle 21 in a standby state.

[0041] After detecting that the workpiece 6 is penetrated, the hydraulic pressure inside the buffer chamber is adjusted to be the same as the hydraulic pressure inside the electrode wire 4 to ensure that the liquid fully flushes the debris in the hole and cools the electrode wire 4. At the same time, the nozzle 21 can be switched from the standby state to the flushing state in time to improve the response speed.

[0042] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent transformation or improvement made under the concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrode punching device, characterized in that: It includes a guide and a water sprayer; the water sprayer is connected to the guide; the water sprayer is provided with a nozzle and the nozzle extends below the guide hole of the guide so that the spraying direction of the nozzle points to the drilling position of the electrode wire.

2. The electrode punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is annular and a through hole for the electrode wire to pass through is provided at the center so that the nozzle sprays a water curtain around the electrode wire.

3. The electrode punching device according to claim 2, wherein: It further includes a buffer part; a buffer chamber is formed by hollowing out the inside of the buffer part; the buffer part is annular and sleeved outside the guide; the nozzle is connected below the buffer part.

4. The electrode punching device according to claim 3, wherein: The nozzle is threadedly connected below the buffer part.

5. The electrode punching device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An annular connecting piece is further provided above the buffer part around the guide; a locking part is further included; the locking part includes a connecting ring and a plurality of pressing blocks arranged inside the connecting ring; the connecting ring is threadedly connected outside the connecting piece; a gap for the connecting piece to be inserted is provided between the connecting ring and the pressing blocks; the pressing blocks and the connecting piece are provided with inclined surfaces that cooperate with each other so that when the connecting piece enters the gap, it pushes the pressing blocks to swing and press against the guide.

6. The electrode punching device according to claim 5, wherein: The locking part is further provided with a fixing ring; a plurality of the pressing blocks are connected to the fixing ring and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring; the connecting ring is rotatably connected to the fixing ring.

7. The electrode punching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking part is further provided with a sealing ring; the sealing ring is connected to the top of the fixing ring by screws; the fixing ring is arranged in a stepped shape so that an annular sliding groove is formed between the sealing ring and the fixing ring; a convex ring for being received in the sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the connecting ring.

8. The electrode punching device according to claim 7, wherein: The material of the fixing ring and the pressing blocks is spring steel.

9. A method for punching holes in an electrode, characterized in that: The drilling machine monitors the drilling situation; when it is detected that the workpiece is penetrated, the nozzle sprays liquid into the hole until the electrode wire completely penetrates the workpiece.

10. The electrode punching method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the workpiece is not penetrated, the hydraulic pressure inside the buffer chamber is controlled to be half of the hydraulic pressure inside the electrode wire; when it is detected that the workpiece is penetrated, the hydraulic pressure inside the buffer chamber is controlled to be the same as the hydraulic pressure inside the electrode wire.

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