Composite material single-abrasive-particle grinding device and method at different temperatures

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material machining, and particularly relates to a composite material single-abrasive-particle grinding device and method at different temperatures, and the device comprises a numerical control grinding machine, a single-abrasive-particle scratching device, a real-time force measuring device, a temperature processing device, a five-degree-of-freedom motion platform and a real-time temperature measuring device; a workpiece is accurately fixed to the grinding machine workbench through the integrated force measuring mechanism, three-direction dynamic force data in the grinding process are collected in real time, and the workpiece clamping stability and the measuring precision are effectively improved. Meanwhile, the device is provided with a self-adaptive temperature measurement system, the height and the inclination angle of the temperature measurement probe can be automatically adjusted according to the position information of the workpiece, rapid positioning and accurate focusing of a measurement focus are achieved, and the accuracy and the operation convenience of temperature field measurement are remarkably improved. By integrating a high-precision force measuring mechanism and a self-adaptive temperature measuring system, multi-parameter synchronous acquisition and analysis of grinding force and a temperature field are realized, and comprehensive data support is provided for deep research on a composite material grinding mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of composite material processing, and particularly relates to a single abrasive grain grinding device and method for composite materials at different temperatures. Background Art

[0002] Due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance, and low density, composite materials have been widely used in the fields of aerospace, rail transit, energy, electronics, etc. The grinding process of composite materials is an important process in precision manufacturing, and the research on its mechanism is of great significance for improving processing efficiency, surface quality, and tool life. However, the processing characteristics of composite materials are complex. Especially during the grinding process, the removal mechanism is affected by multiple factors, and temperature is a key factor. Traditional grinding experiments usually use multi-abrasive grain grinding wheels at room temperature. However, due to the randomness and complexity of the abrasive grain distribution, it is difficult to accurately analyze the action mechanism of a single abrasive grain.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of composite material processing technology, single abrasive grain scratch experiments are an effective means to study the grinding mechanism. Single abrasive grain grinding can more intuitively reflect the interaction mechanism between the abrasive grain and the composite material, providing an important basis for understanding the grinding force, material removal mechanism, and machining surface integrity. Research shows that the grinding force is an important feedback and control index during the grinding process, which is comprehensively affected by multiple factors such as grinding parameters, abrasive grain geometry, workpiece material properties, and temperature. Temperature plays a key role in the grinding process of composite materials. The thermal effect during the grinding process may cause changes in material properties, thermal damage to the machining surface, and a decrease in machining accuracy. Therefore, studying the single abrasive grain grinding mechanism of composite materials at different temperatures is of great significance for optimizing the processing technology, improving processing efficiency, and surface quality.

[0004] At present, the research on the grinding mechanism of composite materials mainly focuses on aspects such as material removal mechanism, grinding force modeling, and thermal effects during the processing. However, most of the existing research focuses on experimental studies under single temperature conditions, lacking a systematic study of the grinding process at different temperatures. In addition, the existing experimental devices still have deficiencies in precisely controlling the temperature, force, and temperature distribution during the grinding process. There is a lack of a systematic experimental device and method in the existing technology that can simultaneously achieve high-precision scratch experiments, real-time data acquisition, and comprehensive analysis.

[0005] Therefore, how to systematically study the single abrasive grain grinding mechanism of composite materials at different temperatures is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a single abrasive grain grinding device and method for composite materials at different temperatures to solve the lack of systematic research on the grinding process at different temperatures in the existing technology.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is as follows: On the one hand, a single abrasive grain grinding device for composite materials at different temperatures is designed, which includes a numerical control grinding machine, a single abrasive grain scratching device, a real-time force measuring device, a temperature processing device, a five-degree-of-freedom motion platform and a real-time temperature measuring device; the single abrasive grain scratching device, the real-time force measuring device and the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform are connected to the numerical control grinding machine, the composite material workpiece is installed on the real-time force measuring device, the temperature processing device and the real-time temperature measuring device are connected to the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform, and the numerical control grinding machine is used to provide support and power for the single abrasive grain scratching device, the real-time force measuring device and the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform; the single abrasive grain scratching device is used to grind the composite material workpiece; the real-time force measuring device is used to measure the magnitude of the force on the composite material workpiece; the temperature processing device is used to heat or cool the composite material workpiece; the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform is used to adjust the position and angle of the real-time temperature measuring device and the temperature processing device; the real-time temperature measuring device is used to monitor the temperature distribution on the surface of the composite material workpiece in real time.

[0008] Preferably, the single abrasive grain scratching device includes a diamond scratching head, a scratching head fixing fixture, a grinding machine spindle, a flange, an axial fixing device and a dynamic balance adjusting device; the grinding machine spindle is connected to the numerical control grinding machine, the flange is installed on the end face of the grinding machine spindle through bolts, the axial fixing device is threadedly connected to the tail of the grinding machine spindle and the axial fixing device abuts against the flange, the dynamic balance adjusting device is arranged on the flange and can adjust the position of the flange; the scratching head fixing fixture is connected to the flange through bolts, and the diamond scratching head is fixedly connected to the scratching head fixing fixture through bolts; the dynamic balance adjusting device includes a plurality of adjusting screws, and the adjusting screws are threadedly connected to the flange.

[0009] Preferably, a horizontally arranged grinding machine platform is provided on the numerical control grinding machine, the real-time force measuring device is arranged on the grinding machine platform, and the real-time force measuring device includes a force measuring instrument, a force measuring fixing fixture and a clamping device; the force measuring instrument is connected to the grinding machine platform through bolts, the force measuring fixing fixture is connected above the force measuring instrument through bolts, the cross section of the force measuring fixing fixture is in an L-shaped structure, the clamping device is bolted to the force measuring fixing fixture, and an installation groove is formed between the clamping device and the force measuring fixing fixture, and the composite material workpiece is installed in the installation groove.

[0010] Preferably, the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform is arranged on the numerical control grinding machine, and the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform includes a height linear module, a feed linear module and a three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism; the feed linear module is connected to the height linear module, and the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism is connected above the feed linear module; the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism includes a branch chain, a moving platform and a static platform; the static platform is fixedly connected to the feed linear module, there are three branch chains in total and they are all arranged between the static platform and the moving platform, and a real-time temperature measuring device and a temperature processing device are arranged on the moving platform; the branch chain can drive the moving platform to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the branch chain includes a spherical pair, a rotating pair, a servo motor, a ball screw, and a fixed copper column; the spherical pair is ball-jointed with the moving platform, and the rotating pair is rotatably connected to the static platform; a first support and a second support are provided between the rotating pair and the spherical pair. The first support is fixedly connected to the servo motor, and the second support is fixedly connected to the ball screw. The rotating pair is arranged on the ball screw; a belt pulley assembly is provided on the first support. One end of the belt pulley assembly is connected to the rotating shaft of the servo motor, and the other end is connected to the output end of the ball screw; a circular connecting plate is provided at the bottom of the spherical pair; there are multiple groups of fixed copper columns, and one end of the fixed copper column is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first support.

[0012] Preferably, the real-time temperature measurement device includes an infrared thermal imager and a clamping and fixing device; the infrared thermal imager is coaxially connected to the middle position of the moving platform. The clamping and fixing device includes a plurality of connecting bolts, and the moving platform and the infrared thermal imager are fixed by tightening the connecting bolts.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature processing device includes a hot air heating module, a vortex refrigeration module, a special clamping mechanism, an infrared temperature measurement module, and an air flow direction adjustment module; the hot air heating module combines electric wire heating and directional air supply by an air flow nozzle for heating; one end of the hot air heating module is connected to the special clamping mechanism, and the other end is connected to the middle of the vortex refrigeration module. One end of the vortex refrigeration module is connected to the infrared temperature measurement module, and the other end is connected to the air flow direction adjustment module; the infrared temperature measurement module includes an infrared temperature measurement camera for temperature measurement; the air flow direction adjustment module is a universal joint.

[0014] On the other hand, a single abrasive grain grinding method for composite materials at different temperatures is designed, including: Clamp the composite material workpiece on the real-time force measuring device, and fix the single abrasive grain scratching device on the output shaft of the CNC grinding machine; Fix the temperature processing device and the real-time temperature measurement device on the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform, and focus the real-time temperature measurement device on the surface of the composite material workpiece through the movement of the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform, and concentrate the air flow direction of the temperature processing device on the surface of the composite material workpiece; turn on the temperature processing device to heat or cool the composite material workpiece to the set temperature; Start the single abrasive grain scratching device, and adjust the system balance through the dynamic balance adjustment device; Under the set temperature and grinding parameters, start the single abrasive grain scratching device to conduct a grinding experiment, and simultaneously measure the grinding force through a dynamometer; By comparing the grinding force, temperature distribution, and surface morphology of the composite material workpiece at different temperatures, select an algorithm to analyze the influence mechanism of different temperature treatments on the material removal mechanism and the change law of the grinding force during the grinding process of the composite material.

[0015] The composite material single abrasive grain grinding device and method at different temperatures of the present application have the following advantages: The workpiece is accurately fixed on the grinding machine table through an integrated force measuring mechanism, and three-way dynamic force data during the grinding process is collected in real time, effectively improving the clamping stability and measurement accuracy of the workpiece. At the same time, the device is equipped with an adaptive temperature measurement system, which can automatically adjust the height and inclination angle of the temperature measurement probe according to the workpiece position information, realizing the rapid positioning and precise focusing of the measurement focus, and significantly improving the accuracy of temperature field measurement and the operation convenience. By integrating a high-precision force measuring mechanism and an adaptive temperature measurement system, multi-parameter synchronous acquisition and analysis of grinding force and temperature field are realized, providing comprehensive data support for in-depth research on the grinding mechanism of composite materials. Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided by the present application, the drawings will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the single abrasive grain scratching device and real-time force measuring device in Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform, temperature processing device and real-time temperature measurement device in Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the branch chain structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 5 Overall flow chart of Embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0018] 1. CNC grinding machine; 11. Grinding machine platform; 2. Single abrasive grain scratching device; 21. Grinding machine spindle; 22. Flange; 23. Axial fixing device; 24. Dynamic balance adjustment device; 25. Safety protection cover; 3. Real-time force measuring device; 31. Force measuring instrument; 32. Force measuring fixing fixture; 33. Clamping device; 4. Composite material workpiece; 5. Temperature processing device; 51. Hot air heating module; 52. Vortex tube refrigeration module; 53. Special clamping mechanism; 54. Infrared temperature measurement module; 55. Air flow direction adjustment module; 6. Five-degree-of-freedom motion platform; 61. Height linear module; 62. Feed linear module; 63. Three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism; 631. Branch chain; 6311. Spherical pair; 6312. Rotating pair; 6313. Servo motor; 6314. Ball screw; 6315. Belt pulley assembly; 6316. Connecting plate; 6317. Fixed copper column; 632. Moving platform; 633. Static platform; 7. Real-time temperature measurement device; 71. Infrared thermal imager; 72. Clamping and fixing device. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1 designs a single abrasive grain grinding device for composite materials at different temperatures, which is used to study the influence mechanism of different temperature treatments on the removal mechanism of composite materials and the variation law of grinding force during the grinding process.

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, it includes a numerical control grinding machine 1, a single abrasive grain scratching device 2, a real-time force measuring device 3, a temperature treatment device 5, a five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6 and a real-time temperature measuring device 7. The single abrasive grain scratching device 2, the real-time force measuring device 3 and the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6 are connected to the numerical control grinding machine 1. The composite material workpiece 4 is installed on the real-time force measuring device 3. The temperature treatment device 5 and the real-time temperature measuring device 7 are connected to the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6.

[0022] The numerical control grinding machine 1 is used to provide support and power for the single abrasive grain scratching device 2, the real-time force measuring device 3 and the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6; the single abrasive grain scratching device 2 is used to grind the composite material workpiece 4; the real-time force measuring device 3 is used to measure the force on the composite material workpiece 4; the temperature treatment device 5 is used to heat or cool the composite material workpiece 4; the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6 is used to adjust the position and angle of the real-time temperature measuring device 7 and the temperature treatment device 5; the real-time temperature measuring device 7 is used to monitor the temperature distribution on the surface of the composite material workpiece 4 in real time.

[0023] As Figure 2 , preferably, the single abrasive grain scratching device 2 includes a diamond scratching head, a scratching head fixing fixture, a grinding machine spindle 21, a flange 22, an axial fixing device 23 and a dynamic balance adjustment device 24. The grinding machine spindle 21 is connected to the numerical control grinding machine 1. The flange 22 is installed on the end face of the grinding machine spindle 21 through bolts. A safety protection cover 25 is provided outside the flange 22; the axial fixing device 23 is threadedly connected to the tail of the grinding machine spindle 21 and the axial fixing device 23 abuts against the flange 22. The dynamic balance adjustment device 24 is arranged on the flange 22 and can adjust the position of the flange 22; the scratching head fixing fixture is connected to the flange 22 through bolts, and the diamond scratching head is fixedly connected to the scratching head fixing fixture through bolts.

[0024] The dynamic balance adjustment device 24 includes a plurality of adjusting screws. The adjusting screws are threadedly connected to the flange 22. The dynamic balance compensation of the flange 22 is realized by changing the number and position of the adjusting screws to reduce vibration.

[0025] Preferably, a horizontally arranged grinding platform 11 is provided on the numerically controlled grinding machine 1, and a real-time force measuring device 3 is arranged on the grinding platform 11. The real-time force measuring device 3 includes a force measuring instrument 31, a force measuring fixed fixture 32 and a clamping device 33. The force measuring instrument 31 is connected to the grinding platform 11 by bolts, the force measuring fixed fixture 32 is connected to the upper part of the force measuring instrument 31 by bolts, the cross-section of the force measuring fixed fixture 32 is in an L-shaped structure, the clamping device 33 is connected to the force measuring fixed fixture 32 by bolts, and an installation groove is formed between the clamping device 33 and the force measuring fixed fixture 32; the composite workpiece 4 is installed in the installation groove; and then the composite workpiece 4 is fixed by tightening the bolts between the clamping device 33 and the force measuring fixed fixture 32.

[0026] As Figure 3 - Figure 4 , preferably, a five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6 is provided on the numerically controlled grinding machine 1. The five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6 includes a height linear module 61, a feed linear module 62 and a three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism 63. The feed linear module 62 is connected to the height linear module 61, and the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism 63 is connected above the feed linear module 62. The three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism 63 includes a branch chain 631, a moving platform 632 and a static platform 633; the static platform 633 is fixedly connected to the feed linear module 62, there are three branch chains 631 in total and they are all arranged between the static platform 633 and the moving platform 632, and a real-time temperature measuring device 7 and a temperature processing device 5 are arranged on the moving platform 632. The branch chain 631 is provided with a power device inside, which can drive the moving platform 632 to rotate, so as to realize the adjustment of the position and angle of the real-time temperature measuring device 7 and the temperature processing device 5.

[0027] Preferably, the branch chain 631 includes a spherical pair 6311, a rotating pair 6312, a servo motor 6313, a ball screw 6314 and a fixed copper column 6317. The spherical pair 6311 is ball-jointed with the moving platform 632, the rotating pair 6312 is rotatably connected to the static platform 633, and the rotating pair 6312 is preferably a hinge; a first support and a second support are arranged between the rotating pair 6312 and the spherical pair 6311, the first support is fixedly connected to the servo motor 6313, the second support is fixedly connected to the ball screw 6314, the rotating pair 6312 is arranged on the ball screw 6314, and a belt pulley assembly 6315 is arranged on the first support. One end of the belt pulley assembly 6315 is connected to the rotating shaft of the servo motor 6313, and the other end is connected to the output end of the ball screw 6314; a circular connecting plate 6316 is arranged at the bottom of the spherical pair 6311, there are multiple groups of fixed copper columns 6317, and one end of the fixed copper column 6317 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 6316 and the other end is fixedly connected to the first support. When the servo motor 6313 works, the ball screw 6314 of the ball screw 6314 is driven to rotate through the belt pulley assembly 6315, and then the first support and the spherical pair 6311 are driven to axially move by the reaction force of the screw rotation.

[0028] Each branch chain 631 is ball-jointed to the moving platform 632, and the angle of the moving platform 632 is adjusted by controlling the axial displacement of each branch chain 631, so as to achieve precise control of three linear motion degrees of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom.

[0029] By adopting the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment design, the displacement amounts in the height direction, feed direction, and depth direction can be precisely controlled, and the measuring inclination angle can be measured, so as to achieve rapid positioning and precise focusing of the temperature measurement focus, focus the real-time temperature measurement device 7 on the surface of the workpiece, and concentrate the air flow direction of the temperature processing device 5 on the surface of the workpiece.

[0030] Preferably, the real-time temperature measurement device 7 includes an infrared thermal imager 71 and a clamping and fixing device 72. The infrared thermal imager 71 is coaxially connected to the middle position of the moving platform 632, and the clamping and fixing device 72 includes a plurality of connecting bolts, and the moving platform 632 and the infrared thermal imager 71 are fixed by tightening the connecting bolts.

[0031] Preferably, the temperature processing device 5 includes a hot air heating module 51, a vortex refrigeration module 52, a special clamping mechanism 53, an infrared temperature measurement module 54, and an air flow direction adjustment module 55. The hot air heating module 51 is heated by combining electric heating wire heating and directional air supply of an air flow nozzle, and the heating rate is fast; one end of the hot air heating module 51 is connected to the special clamping mechanism 53, and the other end is connected to the middle part of the vortex refrigeration module 52. One end of the vortex refrigeration module 52 is connected to the infrared temperature measurement module 54, and the other end is connected to the air flow direction adjustment module 55; the infrared temperature measurement module 54 includes an infrared temperature measurement camera for temperature measurement; the air flow direction adjustment module 55 is specifically a universal joint that can be adjusted in any direction. The special clamping mechanism 53 is fixedly connected to the moving platform 632, and by rotatably connecting the special clamping mechanism 53 with the hot air heating module 51, the hot air heating module 51 can be adjusted in the heating direction.

[0032] The vortex refrigeration module 52 specifically generates low-temperature air flow by compressing air through a vortex tube, and the refrigeration effect is obvious. The infrared temperature measurement camera realizes precise control of the spatial pose through a five-degree-of-freedom platform. Then, through a closed-loop control algorithm, the output powers of the hot air pipe and the vortex tube are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time feedback data of the infrared temperature measurement camera, and precise temperature control of the grinding area is achieved within the set range.

[0033] In Embodiment 2, a single abrasive grain grinding method of a composite material at different temperatures is also designed, and the above device is adopted, such as Figure 5 , including the following steps: Step S100, specimen preparation: Clamp the composite material workpiece 4 on the real-time force measuring device 3, and fix the single abrasive grain scratching device 2 on the output shaft of the numerical control grinding machine 1; Step S200, Temperature Treatment and Real-time Follow-up Monitoring: Fix the temperature treatment device 5 and the real-time temperature measurement device 7 on the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6, and focus the real-time temperature measurement device 7 on the surface of the composite workpiece 4 through the movement of the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform 6. Concentrate the air flow direction of the temperature treatment device 5 on the surface of the composite workpiece 4. Turn on the temperature treatment device 5 to heat or cool the composite workpiece 4 to the set temperature.

[0034] Step S300, Dynamic Balance Adjustment: Start the single abrasive scratch device 2 and adjust the system balance through the dynamic balance adjustment device 24; Step S400, Grinding Experiment: Under the set temperature and grinding parameters, start the single abrasive scratch device 2 to conduct a grinding experiment, and measure the grinding force through the dynamometer 31 at the same time.

[0035] Step S500, Data Analysis: By comparing the grinding force, temperature distribution, and surface topography of the composite workpiece 4 at different temperatures, select an algorithm to analyze the influence mechanism of different temperature treatments on the material removal mechanism and the change law of the grinding force during the composite material grinding process. The selected algorithm uses an existing algorithm.

[0036] In summary, the present application has the following advantages: The workpiece is accurately fixed on the grinding machine workbench through the integrated force measuring mechanism, and the three-way dynamic force data during the grinding process is collected in real time, effectively improving the workpiece clamping stability and measurement accuracy. At the same time, the device is equipped with an adaptive temperature measurement system, which can automatically adjust the height and inclination angle of the temperature measurement probe according to the workpiece position information, realizing the rapid positioning and precise focusing of the measurement focus, and significantly improving the accuracy and operation convenience of the temperature field measurement. By integrating the high-precision force measuring mechanism and the adaptive temperature measurement system, the multi-parameter synchronous acquisition and analysis of the grinding force and temperature field are realized, providing comprehensive data support for the in-depth study of the composite material grinding mechanism.

[0037] Adopt the cooperative driving scheme of the double linear module and the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism to realize the precise control of the spatial position and posture of the infrared temperature measurement camera and the temperature treatment device. The platform can dynamically adjust the horizontal coordinates and spatial postures of the temperature measurement camera and the temperature treatment device according to the real-time position of the workpiece grinding area to ensure that they are always at the best temperature measurement angle. In addition, the camera bracket adopts a modular quick-release design, supporting the quick disassembly and assembly of the temperature measurement camera, which is convenient for the daily maintenance, repair, and component replacement of the equipment.

[0038] Adopt the temperature control scheme combined with the hot air pipe and the vortex tube, and combine the real-time feedback of the infrared temperature measurement camera to realize the precise temperature control of the grinding area within the set range and study the grinding behavior under different ambient temperatures. Integrate the data acquisition and analysis system, support the real-time synchronous recording of the grinding force, temperature field, and motion trajectory, and provide a theoretical basis for process optimization through data analysis and processing.

[0039] It is not only applicable to resin-based composite materials, but also can be used for the research on the grinding mechanism of various composite materials such as ceramic-based and metal-based, with wide applicability and popularization value.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are involved. For other structures, reference can be made to the general design. Without conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other; Finally: The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single abrasive grain grinding device for composite materials at different temperatures, characterized in that: It includes a numerically controlled grinding machine (1), a single abrasive grain scratching device (2), a real-time force measuring device (3), a temperature treatment device (5), a five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6) and a real-time temperature measuring device (7); the single abrasive grain scratching device (2), the real-time force measuring device (3) and the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6) are connected to the numerically controlled grinding machine (1), the composite workpiece (4) is installed on the real-time force measuring device (3), and the temperature treatment device (5) and the real-time temperature measuring device (7) are connected to the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6); the numerically controlled grinding machine (1) is used to provide support and power for the single abrasive grain scratching device (2), the real-time force measuring device (3) and the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6); the single abrasive grain scratching device (2) is used to grind the composite workpiece (4); the real-time force measuring device (3) is used to measure the magnitude of the force on the composite workpiece (4); the temperature treatment device (5) is used to heat or cool the composite workpiece (4); the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6) is used to adjust the position and angle of the real-time temperature measuring device (7) and the temperature treatment device (5); the real-time temperature measuring device (7) is used to monitor the temperature distribution on the surface of the composite workpiece (4) in real time.

2. The single abrasive grain grinding device for composite materials at different temperatures according to claim 1, wherein: The single abrasive grain scratching device (2) includes a diamond scratching head, a scratching head fixing fixture, a grinding machine spindle (21), a flange (22), an axial fixing device (23) and a dynamic balance adjusting device (24); the grinding machine spindle (21) is connected to the numerically controlled grinding machine (1), the flange (22) is installed on the end face of the grinding machine spindle (21) by bolts, the axial fixing device (23) is threadedly connected to the tail of the grinding machine spindle (21) and the axial fixing device (23) abuts against the flange (22), the dynamic balance adjusting device (24) is arranged on the flange (22) and can adjust the position of the flange (22); the scratching head fixing fixture is connected to the flange (22) by bolts, and the diamond scratching head is fixedly connected to the scratching head fixing fixture by bolts; the dynamic balance adjusting device (24) includes a plurality of adjusting screws, and the adjusting screws are threadedly connected to the flange (22).

3. The single abrasive grain grinding device for composite materials at different temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontally arranged grinding machine platform (11) is provided on the numerically controlled grinding machine (1), the real-time force measuring device (3) is arranged on the grinding machine platform (11), and the real-time force measuring device (3) includes a force measuring instrument (31), a force measuring fixing fixture (32) and a clamping device (33); the force measuring instrument (31) is connected to the grinding machine platform (11) by bolts, the force measuring fixing fixture (32) is connected above the force measuring instrument (31) by bolts, the cross section of the force measuring fixing fixture (32) is in an L-shaped structure, the clamping device (33) is bolted to the force measuring fixing fixture (32), an installation groove is formed between the clamping device (33) and the force measuring fixing fixture (32), and the composite workpiece (4) is installed in the installation groove.

4. The composite material single abrasive grain grinding device at different temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6) is arranged on the numerically controlled grinding machine (1). The five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6) includes a height linear module (61), a feed linear module (62) and a three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism (63); the feed linear module (62) is connected above the height linear module (61), and the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism (63) is connected to the feed linear module (62); the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism (63) includes a branch chain (631), a moving platform (632) and a static platform (633); the static platform (633) is fixedly connected to the feed linear module (62), there are three branch chains (631) in total and they are all arranged between the static platform (633) and the moving platform (632), and a real-time temperature measuring device (7) and a temperature processing device (5) are arranged on the moving platform (632); the branch chain (631) can drive the moving platform (632) to rotate.

5. The single abrasive grain grinding device for composite materials at different temperatures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The branch chain (631) includes a spherical pair (6311), a rotating pair (6312), a servo motor (6313), a ball screw (6314) and a fixed copper column (6317); the spherical pair (6311) is ball-jointed with the moving platform (632), and the rotating pair (6312) is rotatably connected to the static platform (633); a first support and a second support are arranged between the rotating pair (6312) and the spherical pair (6311), the first support is fixedly connected to the servo motor (6313), the second support is fixedly connected to the ball screw (6314), and the rotating pair (6312) is arranged on the ball screw (6314); a belt pulley assembly (6315) is arranged on the first support, one end of the belt pulley assembly (6315) is connected to the rotating shaft of the servo motor (6313), and the other end is connected to the output end of the ball screw (6314); a circular connecting plate (6316) is arranged at the bottom of the spherical pair (6311); there are multiple groups of fixed copper columns (6317), and one end of the fixed copper column (6317) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (6316) and the other end is fixedly connected to the first support.

6. The single abrasive grain grinding device for composite materials at different temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time temperature measuring device (7) includes an infrared thermal imager (71) and a clamping and fixing device (72); the infrared thermal imager (71) is coaxially connected to the middle position of the moving platform (632), and the clamping and fixing device (72) includes a plurality of connecting bolts, and the moving platform (632) and the infrared thermal imager (71) are fixed by tightening the connecting bolts.

7. The single abrasive grain grinding device for composite materials at different temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature processing device (5) includes a hot air heating module (51), a vortex refrigeration module (52), a special clamping mechanism (53), an infrared temperature measuring module (54) and an air flow direction adjusting module (55); the hot air heating module (51) combines electric wire heating and directional air supply by an air flow nozzle for heating; one end of the hot air heating module (51) is connected to the special clamping mechanism (53), and the other end is connected to the middle part of the vortex refrigeration module (52), one end of the vortex refrigeration module (52) is connected to the infrared temperature measuring module (54), and the other end is connected to the air flow direction adjusting module (55); the infrared temperature measuring module (54) includes an infrared temperature measuring camera for temperature measurement; the air flow direction adjusting module (55) is a universal joint.

8. A single abrasive grain grinding method for composite materials at different temperatures, using the device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Including: Clamp the composite workpiece (4) on the real-time force measuring device (3), and fix the single abrasive scratch device (2) on the output shaft of the numerical control grinding machine (1); Fix the temperature treatment device (5) and the real-time temperature measuring device (7) on the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6), and focus the real-time temperature measuring device (7) on the surface of the composite workpiece (4) through the movement of the five-degree-of-freedom motion platform (6), and concentrate the air flow direction of the temperature treatment device (5) on the surface of the composite workpiece (4); Turn on the temperature treatment device (5) to heat or cool the composite workpiece (4) to the set temperature; Start the single abrasive scratch device (2) and adjust the system balance through the dynamic balance adjustment device (24); Under the set temperature and grinding parameters, start the single abrasive scratch device (2) to conduct a grinding experiment, and measure the grinding force through the dynamometer (31) at the same time; By comparing the grinding force, temperature distribution and the surface morphology of the composite workpiece (4) at different temperatures, select an algorithm to analyze the influence mechanism of different temperature treatments on the material removal mechanism and the change law of the grinding force during the composite grinding process.

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