Environment-friendly high-wear-resistance veneer and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of veneer manufacturing, and discloses an environment-friendly high-wear-resistance veneer and a preparation technology thereof.The environment-friendly high-wear-resistance veneer comprises a veneer body, the veneer body is composed of a base material, bottom layer paper and surface layer paper, the surface layer paper is located on the upper surface of the bottom layer paper, and the bottom layer paper is located on the upper surface of the base material. A medium-high-density shaving board is selected as a base material, kraft paper is selected as bottom layer paper, melamine impregnated paper is selected as surface layer paper, and the base material, the kraft paper and the surface layer paper are combined through a hot pressing process, so that the environmental protection property, the wear resistance, the waterproof and moistureproof performance, the structural stability and the attractiveness of the veneer can be remarkably improved; the impregnated surface layer paper and the impregnated bottom layer paper are tightly combined with the base material in the hot pressing process, a uniform and firm bonding layer is formed, and compared with common glue bonding, higher bonding strength, abrasion resistance, flatness, waterproofness, environment friendliness and production efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of decorative panel manufacturing, and particularly relates to an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] A decorative panel (Wood Veneer), whose full name is decorative single veneer laminated plywood, is a kind of artificial board formed by hot pressing after adhering natural wood, technology wood or artificial decorative materials (such as impregnated film paper, PVC film, etc.) to the surface of a base board (such as plywood, fiberboard, particle board, etc.). It is mainly used to improve the decoration and durability of the base material;

[0003] An environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel is a decorative material that combines environmental protection performance and high wear resistance. Traditional environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panels mainly consist of a base material, a decorative layer and a protective layer. In the current preparation process of environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panels, generally, after applying glue between the base material and the decorative layer, it is formed by hot pressing. However, traditional glue contains harmful substances such as formaldehyde and benzene, which will be continuously released during hot pressing or use, thus affecting the indoor air quality and human health. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel and a preparation process thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: including a decorative panel main body, the decorative panel main body is composed of a base material, a bottom paper and a surface paper, the surface paper is located on the upper surface of the bottom paper, and the bottom paper is located on the upper surface of the base material.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the base material is specifically a particle board, and medium - high density particle board is selected, with a density between 600 - 750 kg / m 3 and a moisture content between 6 - 10%;

[0007] The bottom paper is specifically kraft paper;

[0008] The surface paper is specifically melamine impregnated paper.

[0009] A preparation process of an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel includes the following steps:

[0010] S1: Pretreatment;

[0011] S2: Surface cleaning;

[0012] S3: Blanking;

[0013] S4: Hot pressing and forming;

[0014] S5: Post - treatment;

[0015] S6: Quality inspection;

[0016] The pretreatment includes sizing treatment and drying treatment. The hot pressing and forming includes hot pressing treatment and cooling treatment. The post-treatment includes cutting treatment and trimming treatment. The quality inspection includes internal bond strength inspection, thickness swelling rate after water absorption inspection, and formaldehyde release amount inspection.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the sizing treatment includes using a horizontal impregnation tank as the sizing equipment, adding melamine sizing solution to soak the bottom paper and the surface paper, the sizing time is 10 - 20 minutes, and the sizing temperature is 20 - 30°C;

[0018] The drying treatment includes using a four-stage dryer to dry the sized bottom paper and surface paper, the drying temperature is 80 - 150°C, the drying time is 2 - 5 minutes to initially cure the resin, and the dried paper is cooled to form sized paper with a certain hardness and toughness.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the surface cleaning includes using compressed air to thoroughly remove impurities such as dust and wood chips on the surface of the substrate, bottom paper, and surface, ensuring the surface is clean.

[0020] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the blank assembly includes laying the pretreated bottom paper on the upper surface of the substrate, and laying the surface paper on the upper surface of the bottom paper.

[0021] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the hot pressing treatment includes hot pressing the combined blank through a hot press, the temperature is 140 - 190°C, the pressure is 3.0 - 5.0 MPa, and the time is 96 - 240 seconds;

[0022] The cooling treatment includes using an air cooling device to cool the hot-pressed decorative panel to room temperature, the time is 5 - 10 minutes, ensuring the decorative panel is completely cooled.

[0023] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the cutting treatment includes using a precision panel saw or a numerical control cutting machine to cut the large-sized panel after hot pressing into the required size, the cutting accuracy is controlled within ±0.5 mm, and the cutting speed is usually 10 - 30 m / min;

[0024] The trimming treatment includes using a trimming machine or a sanding machine to remove the burrs and uneven parts on the edge after cutting, the grit size of the sand belt: 80 - 120 mesh (coarse sand) → 180 - 240 mesh (fine sand), and the sanding speed is 5 - 15 m / min.

[0025] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the internal bonding strength detection includes measuring the tensile strength of the sample through a tensile testing machine, applying a tensile force at a constant speed (usually 2 mm / min) until the sample delaminates or breaks;

[0026] The detection of the water absorption thickness swelling rate includes completely immersing the sample in water at a temperature of (20±1)°C for 24 hours;

[0027] The detection of the formaldehyde release amount includes putting the veneer sample into a climate chamber and detecting the formaldehyde concentration released under constant temperature and humidity conditions. Set the temperature of the climate chamber to (23±0.5)°C, the relative humidity to (50±3)%, and the air flow rate to (1±0.05) m / s.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. The present invention forms the veneer main body through a base material, a bottom paper and a surface paper. The impregnated surface paper and bottom paper are tightly combined with the base material during the hot pressing process to form a uniform and firm bonding layer. Compared with ordinary glue bonding, it has higher bonding strength, wear resistance, flatness, waterproofness, environmental protection and production efficiency.

[0030] 2. The present invention selects medium-density particleboard as the base material, kraft paper as the bottom paper, and melamine impregnated paper as the surface paper, and combines them through a hot pressing process, which can significantly improve the environmental protection, wear resistance, waterproof and moisture-proof performance, structural stability and aesthetics of the veneer. This combination not only meets the high-performance requirements of modern decorative materials, but also has high production efficiency and high cost performance.

[0031] 3. After producing the environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant veneer, the present invention conducts internal bonding strength detection, water absorption thickness swelling rate detection and formaldehyde release amount detection, which are key steps to ensure the product quality and performance. These detections can not only verify the physical and environmental protection performance of the veneer, but also help to discover potential problems and ensure the reliability and durability of the product. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the process flow for preparing the veneer of the present invention

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the process flow for pretreatment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the process flow for hot pressing and forming of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5This is a schematic process flow diagram for quality inspection of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1, the main body of the decorative panel; 11, the base material; 12, the bottom paper; 13, the surface paper. Specific embodiments

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] As Figure 1 shown, an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel in an embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 1 of the decorative panel. The main body 1 of the decorative panel is composed of a base material 11, a bottom paper 12, and a surface paper 13. The surface paper 13 is located on the upper surface of the bottom paper 12, and the bottom paper 12 is located on the upper surface of the base material 11.

[0041] After impregnating with glue, the surface paper 13 and the bottom paper 12 are tightly combined with the base material 11 during the hot pressing process to form a uniform and firm bonding layer, which has higher bonding strength, wear resistance, flatness, waterproofness, environmental protection, and production efficiency compared with ordinary glue bonding.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, the base material 11 is specifically a particle board, and medium-high density particle board is selected, with a density between 600 - 750 kg / m 3 and a moisture content between 6 - 10%;

[0043] The bottom paper 12 is specifically kraft paper;

[0044] The surface paper 13 is specifically a melamine impregnated paper.

[0045] The medium-high density particle board has a relatively high density, which can provide good structural support and stability;

[0046] Kraft paper can enhance the structural stability of the decorative panel, prevent deformation or cracking, and can fill the tiny unevenness on the surface of the particle board to ensure a smooth surface of the decorative panel;

[0047] The melamine impregnated paper forms a hard protective layer after hot pressing, which can resist wear during daily use, and the melamine resin is completely cured at high temperature, releasing extremely few harmful substances, meeting the E0 or E1 environmental protection standard;

[0048] In summary, by selecting medium - high density particleboard as the base material, kraft paper as the bottom paper, and melamine impregnated paper as the surface paper, and combining them through a hot - pressing process, the environmental protection, abrasion resistance, waterproof and moisture - proof performance, structural stability, and aesthetics of the decorative panel can be significantly improved. This combination not only meets the high - performance requirements of modern decorative materials but also has high production efficiency and high cost - effectiveness.

[0049] Example Two

[0050] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the preparation process of an environmentally friendly and highly wear - resistant decorative panel in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0051] S1: Pretreatment;

[0052] S2: Surface cleaning;

[0053] S3: Blanking;

[0054] S4: Hot - pressing forming;

[0055] S5: Post - treatment;

[0056] S6: Quality inspection;

[0057] The pretreatment includes dipping treatment and drying treatment. The hot - pressing forming includes hot - pressing treatment and cooling treatment. The post - treatment includes cutting treatment and trimming treatment. The quality inspection includes internal bond strength detection, water absorption thickness swelling rate detection, and formaldehyde release amount detection.

[0058] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the dipping treatment includes using a horizontal dipping tank as the dipping equipment, adding melamine glue solution to soak the bottom paper 12 and the surface paper 13. The dipping time is 10 - 20 minutes, and the dipping temperature is 20 - 30 °C;

[0059] The melamine glue solution is specifically: 80% melamine - formaldehyde resin (MF)+20% urea - formaldehyde resin (UF), adding 0.5% - 1% curing agent, 0.2% - 0.5% release agent, stirring until uniform, and adjusting the viscosity of the glue solution to 800 - 1200 mPa·s by adding a solvent (such as acetone) to ensure that the paper can be fully soaked and the sizing amount is uniform;

[0060] The horizontal dipping tank is equipped with guide rollers to control the paper tape tension. The glue solution temperature is controlled at 20 - 30 °C (to avoid premature curing of the resin due to high temperature). For the surface paper, it is 15 - 20 minutes, and for the bottom paper, it is 10 - 15 minutes. The sizing amount of the surface paper is controlled at 80% - 100% (weight gain after dipping), and the sizing amount of the bottom paper is controlled at 60% - 80%.

[0061] The drying treatment includes drying the impregnated base paper 12 and surface paper 13 using a four-stage dryer at a drying temperature of 80 - 150 °C for 2 - 5 minutes to preliminarily cure the resin. After drying, the paper is cooled to form impregnated paper with a certain hardness and toughness.

[0062] In the initial stage, the solvent is evaporated at a low temperature (90 - 100 °C), and in the later stage, the resin crosslinking is promoted at a high temperature (120 - 150 °C);

[0063] The preheating section is at 90 °C for evaporating moisture, the curing section is at 130 °C for resin polycondensation, and the cooling section is at 80 °C for preventing curling;

[0064] By precisely controlling the glue liquid formula, impregnation time, and drying process, it can be ensured that the base paper 12 and surface paper 13 have excellent wear resistance (Taber wear amount ≤ 80 mg) and environmental protection (formaldehyde release amount ≤ 0.05 mg / m 3 ).

[0065] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the surface cleaning includes using compressed air to thoroughly remove impurities such as dust and wood chips on the surfaces of the substrate 11, base paper 12, and surface paper 13 to ensure the surfaces are clean.

[0066] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the blank assembly includes laying the pretreated base paper 12 on the upper surface of the substrate 11, and laying the surface paper 13 on the upper surface of the base paper 12.

[0067] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the hot pressing treatment includes hot pressing the combined blank through a hot press at a temperature of 140 - 190 °C, a pressure of 3.0 - 5.0 MPa, and a time of 96 - 240 seconds;

[0068] Too low a temperature will result in incomplete resin curing, and too high a temperature (> 190 °C) may cause the decomposition of urea-formaldehyde resin or local premature curing of the slab;

[0069] Insufficient pressure will reduce the transfer efficiency of the sizing agent between the wood chips, affecting the density and bonding strength of the board; excessive pressure may crush the wood chip structure;

[0070] The cooling treatment includes using an air-cooling device to cool the hot-pressed decorative panel to room temperature for 5 - 10 minutes to ensure the decorative panel is completely cooled.

[0071] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the cutting treatment includes using a precision panel saw or a numerical control cutting machine to cut the large-sized hot-pressed board into the required dimensions, with the cutting accuracy controlled within ±0.5 mm, and the cutting speed usually being 10 - 30 m / min;

[0072] The trimming process includes using a trimming machine or a sanding machine to remove burrs and uneven parts on the edges after cutting. The grit size of the sanding belt: 80 - 120 mesh (coarse sand) → 180 - 240 mesh (fine sand), and the sanding speed is 5 - 15 meters per minute.

[0073] By performing cutting and trimming processes on the veneer after hot pressing, the dimensional accuracy, edge quality, and appearance aesthetics of the veneer can be ensured. The trimming process not only improves product quality and production efficiency but also reduces the rejection rate and potential safety hazards.

[0074] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the internal bond strength test includes measuring the tensile strength of the sample through a tensile testing machine, applying tensile force at a constant speed (usually 2 mm / min) until the sample delaminates or breaks;

[0075] The samples for measurement need to be taken from different positions (such as the center, edge) of the veneer to ensure the representativeness of the test results. Usually, square samples of 50 mm × 50 mm are used, and at least 3 samples are taken for testing. The average value is taken as the final result;

[0076] During the test, record the maximum tensile force value (unit: N) when the sample delaminates or breaks, and calculate the internal bond strength (unit: MPa) based on the cross-sectional area of the sample;

[0077] Formula: Internal bond strength = Maximum tensile force / Cross-sectional area of the sample;

[0078] According to GB / T 17657 - 2013, the internal bond strength of the veneer is usually required to be ≥0.4 MPa;

[0079] After producing the environmentally friendly high-wear-resistant veneer, the internal bond strength test is an important test to evaluate the bonding strength between the materials of each layer inside the veneer. Through sample preparation, tensile test, data recording, and result determination, the bonding quality of the veneer can be comprehensively evaluated to ensure it meets the standards;

[0080] The detection of the water absorption thickness swelling rate includes completely immersing the sample in water at a temperature of (20 ± 1) °C for 24 hours. After soaking, take out the sample and use a micrometer to measure the final thickness (T2) of the sample, record the data, and calculate the water absorption thickness swelling rate based on the initial thickness and the final thickness. Formula: Water absorption thickness swelling rate = [(T2 - T1) / T1] × 100%;

[0081] The samples for measurement need to be taken from different positions (such as the center, edge) of the veneer to ensure the representativeness of the test results. Usually, square samples of 50 mm × 50 mm are used, and at least 3 samples are taken for testing. The average value is taken as the final result;

[0082] During the detection, first use a micrometer to measure the initial thickness (T1) of the sample and record the data. Then, completely immerse the sample in water at a temperature of (20 ± 1) °C for 24 hours. After soaking for 24 hours, take out the sample, wipe off the surface moisture with a clean cloth, and then use the micrometer to measure the final thickness (T2) of the sample and record the data. Calculate the water absorption thickness swelling rate based on the initial thickness and the final thickness;

[0083] Formula: Water absorption thickness swelling rate = [(T2 - T1) / T1] × 100%;

[0084] According to GB / T 17657 - 2013, the water absorption thickness swelling rate of the decorative panel is usually required to be ≤ 8%;

[0085] After producing the environmentally friendly high - wear - resistant decorative panel, the water absorption thickness swelling rate detection is an important test to evaluate the performance of the decorative panel in a humid environment. Through sample preparation, soaking, thickness measurement, and swelling rate calculation, the waterproof and moisture - proof performance of the decorative panel can be comprehensively evaluated to ensure it meets the standards.

[0086] The formaldehyde emission detection includes putting the decorative panel sample into a climate chamber and detecting the formaldehyde concentration released under constant temperature and humidity conditions. Set the temperature of the climate chamber to (23 ± 0.5) °C, the relative humidity to (50 ± 3)%, and the air flow rate to (1 ± 0.05) m / s;

[0087] When sampling, cut a sample of a certain size (usually 1m 2 ) from the decorative panel;

[0088] During the detection, first set the temperature of the climate chamber to (23 ± 0.5) °C, the relative humidity to (50 ± 3)%, and the air flow rate to (1 ± 0.05) m / s. Then put the sample into the climate chamber to ensure air circulation. Usually, the detection time is 7 days or 28 days (specifically according to the standard requirements). Finally, use a formaldehyde detector to regularly measure the formaldehyde concentration in the climate chamber and calculate the formaldehyde emission (unit: mg / m 3 or mg / m 2 ·h);

[0089] Standard requirements: E0 level: ≤ 0.5mg / m 3 and E1 level: ≤ 1.5mg / m 3 ;

[0090] After producing the environmentally friendly high - wear - resistant decorative panel, the formaldehyde emission detection is a key test to evaluate the environmental performance of the product, which can comprehensively detect the formaldehyde emission of the decorative panel and ensure it meets the environmental standards;

[0091] In summary, after producing the environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel, conducting internal bond strength testing, water absorption thickness swelling rate testing, and formaldehyde release amount testing are key steps to ensure the quality and performance of the product. These tests can not only verify the physical and environmental performance of the decorative panel, but also help to discover potential problems and ensure the reliability and durability of the product.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel, comprising a decorative panel body (1), characterized in that: The decorative panel body (1) is composed of a base material (11), a bottom paper (12), and a surface paper (13). The surface paper (13) is located on the upper surface of the bottom paper (12), and the bottom paper (12) is located on the upper surface of the base material (11).

2. An environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate (11) is specifically a particle board, and a medium-high density particle board is selected, with a density between 600 and 750 kg / m 3 and a moisture content between 6% and 10%; The bottom paper (12) is specifically kraft paper; The surface paper (13) is specifically a melamine impregnated paper.

3. A preparation process for an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel, which is applicable to the environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel described in the above claims 1-2, and is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Pretreatment; S2: Surface cleaning; S3: Blank assembly; S4: Hot pressing and forming; S5: Post-treatment; S6: Quality inspection; The pretreatment includes dipping treatment and drying treatment. The hot pressing and forming includes hot pressing treatment and cooling treatment. The post-treatment includes cutting treatment and trimming treatment. The quality inspection includes internal bond strength detection, water absorption thickness swelling rate detection, and formaldehyde release amount detection.

4. The preparation process of an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dipping treatment includes using a horizontal dipping tank as the dipping equipment, adding melamine sizing solution to soak the bottom paper (12) and the surface paper (13). The dipping time is 10 - 20 minutes, and the dipping temperature is 20 - 30 °C; The drying treatment includes using a four-stage dryer to dry the dipped bottom paper (12) and surface paper (13). The drying temperature is 80 - 150 °C, and the drying time is 2 - 5 minutes to initially cure the resin. The dried paper is cooled to form impregnated paper with a certain hardness and toughness.

5. The preparation process of an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface cleaning includes using compressed air to thoroughly remove impurities such as dust and wood chips on the surfaces of the base material (11), the bottom paper (12), and the surface paper (13) to ensure the surfaces are clean.

6. The preparation process of an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blank assembly includes laying the pretreated bottom paper (12) on the upper surface of the base material (11), and laying the surface paper (13) on the upper surface of the bottom paper (12).

7. The preparation process of an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hot pressing treatment includes hot pressing the combined blank through a hot press, with a temperature of 140 - 190 °C, a pressure of 3.0 - 5.0 MPa, and a time of 96 - 240 seconds; The cooling treatment includes using an air cooling device to cool the hot-pressed decorative panel to room temperature for 5 - 10 minutes to ensure the decorative panel is completely cooled.

8. The preparation process of an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutting treatment includes using a precision panel saw or a numerical control cutting machine to cut the large-sized panel material after hot pressing into the required size. The cutting accuracy is controlled within ±0.5 mm, and the cutting speed is usually 10 - 30 meters per minute; The trimming treatment includes using a trimming machine or a sanding machine to remove the burrs and uneven parts on the edges after cutting. The grit size of the sanding belt: 80 - 120 mesh (coarse sand) → 180 - 240 mesh (fine sand), and the sanding speed is 5 - 15 meters per minute.

9. The preparation process of an environmentally friendly and highly wear-resistant decorative panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal bond strength detection includes measuring the tensile strength of the sample through a tensile testing machine, applying tensile force at a constant speed (usually 2 mm / min) until the sample delaminates or breaks; The water absorption thickness swelling rate detection includes completely soaking the sample in water at a temperature of (20 ± 1) °C for 24 hours; The formaldehyde emission detection includes putting the veneer sample into a climatic chamber, and under the conditions of constant temperature and humidity, detecting the formaldehyde concentration released by it. The temperature of the climatic chamber is set to (23±0.5)°C, the relative humidity is (50±3)%, and the air flow rate is (1±0.05) m / s.

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