Integrated instant POCT detection system based on animal epidemic disease intelligent detection gun

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated instant POCT detection system based on an animal epidemic disease intelligent detection gun, and belongs to the field of veterinary medicine, the system is composed of a sample collection module, a sample extraction module, a detection module, an intelligent analysis module, a result display transmission module and a user control module, and each module is powered by a lithium ion battery. The sample acquisition module is used for acquiring animal blood or secretion samples by using a detachable multi-purpose probe; the sample extraction module processes a sample in the microfluidic processing chip according to a detection type; the detection module is used for acquiring data of nucleic acid and antigen samples by using a fluorescent quantitative detection method and an immunochromatography test strip scanning method respectively; the intelligent analysis module processes the data to obtain and store a sample detection result; the result display and transmission module displays the sample detection result and uploads the sample detection result to the cloud database; the user control module can set a detection type, a detection epidemic disease item and a fluorescence intensity threshold value, and update fitting data or a deep learning model. The system can rapidly and accurately detect animal epidemic diseases, is simple and convenient to operate, and has important application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent detection gun for animal diseases, and specifically relates to the field of veterinary medicine. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the booming development of modern animal husbandry, the rapid and accurate detection of animal diseases is crucial for ensuring animal health, maintaining the stable growth of the animal husbandry economy, and preventing the spread of diseases.

[0003] Existing animal disease detection technologies have many limitations. Traditional laboratory detection methods, although highly accurate, are cumbersome to operate and have a long detection cycle. Usually, professional technicians are required to perform them in a specific experimental environment. It often takes several days or even weeks from sample collection to obtaining results, which is difficult to meet the timeliness requirements of rapid diagnosis and disease prevention and control on the farm. In terms of animal disease detection, existing POCT devices are difficult to achieve high integration and comprehensive functions. Some POCT devices can only detect single-type samples and cannot take into account both blood and secretion samples. In addition, existing detection systems lack intelligent data processing and analysis capabilities, cannot process and interpret detection data quickly and accurately, and are also difficult to achieve real-time upload and sharing of detection results, which is not conducive to large-scale monitoring and prevention and control management of diseases. Therefore, in the situation of the increasing number of animal diseases and the accelerating spread speed, how to achieve efficient, accurate and intelligent detection of animal diseases has become an urgent problem to be solved. For this reason, an integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent detection gun for animal diseases is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent detection gun for animal diseases to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent detection gun for animal diseases, including a sample collection module, a sample extraction module, a detection module, an intelligent analysis module, a result display and transmission module, and a user control module. The sample collection module, the sample extraction module, the detection module, the intelligent analysis module, the result display and transmission module, and the user control module operate through the power supply of a lithium-ion battery;

[0007] The sample collection module is used to obtain animal blood or animal secretion samples through a detachable multi-purpose probe;

[0008] The sample extraction module is used to perform sample lysis, nucleic acid extraction, or isothermal amplification on the obtained animal blood or animal secretion sample through a microfluidic processing chip according to the detection type, so as to obtain a nucleic acid or antigen sample to be detected;

[0009] The detection module is used to obtain digital signal data for the nucleic acid sample to be detected through fluorescence quantitative detection method, and obtain digital images for the antigen sample to be detected through immunochromatographic test strip scanning method;

[0010] The intelligent analysis module is used to process the digital signal through a real-time fluorescence curve fitting algorithm, or process the digital image through a convolutional neural network CNN, thereby obtaining the sample detection result and storing it in the SD card;

[0011] The result display and transmission module is used to control the display screen to display the sample detection result through a microcontroller, and upload it to the cloud database in real time through the MQTT protocol support module;

[0012] The user control module is used to set the detection type, detection disease items, and fluorescence intensity threshold, and update the fitting data and the convolutional neural network CNN in the program storage area of the SD card through the OTA update component.

[0013] Preferably, in the sample collection module, the process of obtaining animal blood or animal secretion sample through a detachable multi-purpose probe:

[0014] Insert the acupuncture blood collection probe into the selected blood collection site of the animal, and obtain the animal blood sample through an automatic quantitative aspiration device. The automatic quantitative aspiration device is internally provided with a precise metering structure and a negative pressure generating device, which can extract the animal blood sample according to the preset amount, and store the animal blood sample in the sample temporary storage area in the collection module. The sample temporary storage area has a sealing structure and appropriate temperature and humidity to prevent the sample from being contaminated or deteriorated, and ensure the quality stability of the sample before subsequent processing;

[0015] Insert the swab sampling probe into the animal's nasal cavity or oral cavity to obtain a swab attached with nasal secretions or oral secretions. Put the swab into the secretion sample feeding port of the sample extraction module. The swab entering the secretion sample feeding port will be mixed with the pre-prepared solution, and through elution operation, the components to be detected are fully transferred from the swab to the solution, obtaining a sample solution containing nasal or oral secretions, that is, the animal secretion sample, and storing the animal secretion sample in the sample temporary storage area in the collection module;

[0016] The detachable multi-purpose probe is composed of an acupuncture blood collection probe and a swab sampling probe, which is the core tool of the sample collection module. By replacing the probe, it is possible to obtain animal blood samples or collect animal secretion samples, meeting the diverse needs of different animal disease detections for sample types.

[0017] Preferably, in the sample extraction module, according to the detection type, the process of lysing, nucleic acid extracting or isothermal amplifying the obtained animal blood or animal secretion sample through a microfluidic processing chip:

[0018] Perform nucleic acid detection or antigen detection according to the detection type set by the detector;

[0019] If it is nucleic acid detection, the obtained animal blood or animal secretion sample is subjected to sample lysis, nucleic acid extraction and isothermal amplification through a microfluidic processing chip. The animal blood or animal secretion sample in the sample storage area is pumped into the lysis chamber by an automatic quantitative aspiration device. The lysis liquid coating coated in the lysis chamber will dissolve and mix well with the animal blood or animal secretion sample. At the same time, the temperature of the lysis chamber is raised to the range of 50 to 70 °C to destroy the structures of cells and viruses in the animal blood or animal secretion sample, and the nucleic acids of cells and viruses are released into the solution to obtain a lysed sample. The lysed sample flows into the magnetic bead mixing chamber through a microchannel. In the magnetic bead mixing chamber, magnetic beads with nucleic acid-specific adsorption function are pre-placed. The surface of the magnetic beads is modified with specific chemical groups, which can bind to nucleic acid molecules. Through shaking treatment, nucleic acid can be effectively adsorbed onto the magnetic beads, and thus a mixture of the lysed sample and magnetic beads is obtained. The mixture of the lysed sample and magnetic beads enters the separation chamber through a microchannel. By applying an external magnetic field to the separation chamber, the magnetic beads with nucleic acid are adsorbed to one side of the separation chamber, and the impurities other than nucleic acid flow out of the separation chamber through the microchannel with the liquid, realizing the separation of nucleic acid and impurities, and obtaining magnetic beads with nucleic acid. The magnetic beads with nucleic acid enter the amplification reaction chamber through a microchannel. At the same time, the temperature of the amplification reaction chamber is raised to the range of 60 to 65 °C. The nucleic acid on the magnetic beads with nucleic acid undergoes an isothermal amplification reaction under the action of primers and enzymes, and the nucleic acid molecules are continuously replicated to provide sufficient signal intensity for subsequent detection, and thus a nucleic acid sample to be detected is obtained;

[0020] If it is antigen detection, the obtained animal blood or animal secretion sample is subjected to sample lysis through a microfluidic processing chip. The animal blood or animal secretion sample in the sample storage area is pumped into the lysis chamber by an automatic quantitative aspiration device. At the same time, the temperature of the lysis chamber is raised to the range of 50 to 70 °C to destroy the structures of cells and viruses in the animal blood or animal secretion sample, and an antigen sample to be detected is obtained;

[0021] The lysis chamber, magnetic bead mixing chamber, amplification reaction chamber, microchannel, magnetic beads, primers and enzymes are components of the microfluidic processing chip for animal disease detection.

[0022] Preferably, in the detection module, the process of obtaining digital signal data from the nucleic acid sample to be detected by fluorescence quantitative detection method:

[0023] The nucleic acid sample to be detected enters the detection area of the microfluidic processing chip through the microchannel, and a fluorescent label is added to the nucleic acid sample to be detected in the detection area. The fluorescent label can bind to the nucleic acid and emit fluorescence. The excitation light of the LED with an emission wavelength of 488nm is focused on the detection area through the optical lens. The fluorescent label generates a fluorescent signal through the excitation light, and the emission wavelength of the fluorescent signal is 525nm. The fluorescent signal passing through the filter that only allows the fluorescence with a wavelength of 525nm to pass is received by the photodetector and converted into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is amplified by the amplifier circuit to enhance the intensity of the electrical signal. The amplified electrical signal is converted by the analog-to-digital converter ADC to convert the analog electrical signal into a digital signal, and thus digital signal data is obtained.

[0024] Preferably, in the detection module, the process of obtaining a digital image from the antigen sample to be detected by immunochromatographic strip scanning method:

[0025] Capillarity refers to the physical phenomenon that a liquid spontaneously rises or diffuses in small pores or pipes. The antigen sample to be detected is dropped onto the sample pad of the immunochromatographic strip. The antigen sample to be detected moves on the immunochromatographic strip through capillarity, successively passing through the conjugate pad, test line, and control line regions on the immunochromatographic strip. The antigen in the antigen sample to be detected binds to the specific antibody pre-labeled with a chromogenic substance on the conjugate pad to form an antigen-antibody complex. The antigen-antibody complex moves to the test line under the action of capillarity and binds to the specific antibody immobilized on the test line, causing the test line to develop color. The antigen that has not formed an antigen-antibody complex continues to move to the control line region through capillarity and binds to the antibody immobilized on the control line, causing the control line to develop color. Thus, the immunochromatographic strip to be scanned is obtained, and the immunochromatographic strip to be scanned is scanned by the line array CCD image sensor. The LED light source provides uniform reflected light illumination, and the collected reflected light intensity signal is converted into a digital image.

[0026] Preferably, in the intelligent analysis module, the process of processing the digital signal data by the real-time fluorescence curve fitting algorithm:

[0027] Normalize the digital signal data, scale the normalized digital signal data to the interval [0, 1] to obtain the normalized digital signal data. Use a mathematical model as the fitting model, namely the Logistic Growth Model. According to the digital signal data stored in the program storage area of the SD card in advance and the fitting data of the corresponding fluorescence intensity values, use the nonlinear least squares method widely used in curve fitting and parameter estimation to obtain the Logistic growth model parameters including L, K, and x0. Substitute the Logistic growth model parameters into the fitting model to obtain the mathematical formula of the fluorescence fitting curve. Calculate the fluorescence intensity value for the normalized digital signal data through the mathematical formula of the fluorescence fitting curve, and make a judgment according to the preset fluorescence intensity threshold;

[0028] If the fluorescence intensity value is greater than or equal to the preset fluorescence intensity threshold, the sample test result is positive;

[0029] If the fluorescence intensity value is less than the preset fluorescence intensity threshold, the sample test result is negative;

[0030] Based on this, the real-time fluorescence curve fitting algorithm is used to process the digital signal data;

[0031] The mathematical formula of the fluorescence fitting curve is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, y is the fluorescence intensity value, k is the curve growth rate, L is the upper asymptote of the curve, x0 is the center position of the curve, and x is the digital signal data.

[0034] Preferably, in the intelligent analysis module, the process of processing the digital image through the convolutional neural network CNN:

[0035] Enhance the edge features of the detection line and control line of the digital image through the histogram to obtain the enhanced digital image. The histogram groups the pixel values in the digital image, counts the frequency of each group, and displays the distribution in the form of a bar chart. Input the enhanced digital image into the convolutional neural network CNN that has been trained in advance using a large number of immunochromatographic test strip digital images with labels by a computer and stored in the program storage area of the SD card. The convolutional neural network CNN will analyze and judge the enhanced digital image according to the learned features and patterns, and output the sample test result.

[0036] Preferably, in the result display and transmission module, the process of controlling the display screen to display the sample test result through the microcontroller and uploading it to the cloud database in real time through the MQTT protocol support module:

[0037] The sample test results stored in the SD card are transmitted to the microcontroller via the SPI bus. The microcontroller is the control center of the system, responsible for coordinating and managing the work of each module. The microcontroller displays the positive or negative sample test results on the IPS color screen through the SPI interface connected to the IPS color screen. At the same time, the detected disease item corresponding to the sample test is displayed.

[0038] The sample test results stored in the SD card are encapsulated using a lightweight data exchange format called JSON format, and a data compression library called Zlib library suitable for embedded devices and low-resource environments is used to compress the encapsulated data, so as to reduce the data volume and lower the traffic cost. The MQTT protocol support module supports the MQTT protocol, a lightweight communication protocol based on the publish or subscribe mode, to upload the compressed data to the cloud database.

[0039] Preferably, in the maintenance module, the detection type, the detected disease item, and the fluorescence intensity threshold are set. The process of updating the convolutional neural network CNN in the program storage area of the SD card through the OTA update component:

[0040] According to the actual situation including finding that the sample test results are inaccurate, new types of animal diseases appear, and obtaining a better deep learning model improvement plan, the tester updates the convolutional neural network CNN or the nucleoid data. The tester selects a new trained deep learning model or nucleoid data and specifies the device to be updated. The cloud platform sends an update package to the device specified to be updated by the OTA update component. When the device receives the update package, it stores the update package in the SD card of the device. At the same time, it backs up the backup data including the deep learning model or nucleoid data currently running on the device. The device writes the new trained backup data in the update package into the program storage area of the SD card of the device, overwriting the original deep learning model or nucleoid data.

[0041] The device automatically starts to verify the new deep learning model or fitting data by using the built-in test data of the device. If the verification passes, it sends a successful update message to the cloud platform and deletes the backup data and the update package. If the verification fails, the device restores the original deep learning model or fitting package according to the backup data and sends an update failure message to the cloud platform.

[0042] The device receives the newly set detection type, detected disease item, and fluorescence intensity threshold through the cloud platform, saves the information of the newly set detection type, detected disease item, and fluorescence intensity threshold to the SD card of the device with the OTA update component, and deletes the original detection type, detected disease item, and fluorescence intensity threshold. The device restarts the program according to the new detection type, detected disease item, and fluorescence intensity threshold.

[0043] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by the present invention compared with the prior art is as follows:

[0044] 1. The detection efficiency and functional integration degree of the present invention are significantly improved. The functions of each module of the present invention are integrated into one body, powered by a lithium-ion battery, and integrated operation is realized. Through a detachable multi-purpose probe, animal blood and secretion samples can be collected simultaneously, breaking through the limitation that some existing POCT devices can only detect a single type of sample. In this embodiment, the entire detection process can be completed within 30 minutes. From sample collection to obtaining the detection result and uploading it to the cloud database, the speed far exceeds that of traditional laboratory detection methods, greatly improving the detection efficiency and meeting the needs of rapid diagnosis on the farm site.

[0045] 2. The detection accuracy and intelligence level of the present invention are higher. Fluorescent quantitative detection method and immunochromatographic test strip scanning method are respectively used for nucleic acid and antigen samples to obtain data. The intelligent analysis module uses real-time fluorescence curve fitting algorithm and convolutional neural network CNN to process the data, and can accurately obtain the sample detection result. At the same time, the user control module can set the detection type, disease item and fluorescence intensity threshold, and can update the fitting data and convolutional neural network CNN through the OTA update component to adapt to different detection needs and newly emerging animal diseases, realizing the intelligence and accuracy of detection, and contributing to the large-scale monitoring and prevention and control management of diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system module process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] Embodiment, as Figure 1As described above, an integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent animal disease detection gun includes a sample collection module, a sample extraction module, a detection module, an intelligent analysis module, a result display and transmission module, and a user control module. These modules cooperate with each other to complete the intelligent animal disease detection task.

[0050] The user control module is used to set the detection type, the disease detection items, and the fluorescence intensity threshold, and update the convolutional neural network (CNN) in the fitting data and the program storage area of the SD card through the OTA update component.

[0051] The sample collection module is used to obtain animal blood or animal secretion samples through a detachable multi-purpose probe.

[0052] The sample extraction module is used to perform sample lysis, nucleic acid extraction, or isothermal amplification on the obtained animal blood or animal secretion samples through a microfluidic processing chip according to the detection type, so as to obtain nucleic acid or antigen samples to be detected.

[0053] The detection module is used to obtain digital signal data for the nucleic acid sample to be detected through fluorescence quantitative detection, and obtain digital images for the antigen sample to be detected through immunochromatographic test strip scanning.

[0054] The intelligent analysis module is used to process the digital signal through a real-time fluorescence curve fitting algorithm, or process the digital image through a convolutional neural network (CNN), thereby obtaining the sample detection result and storing it in the SD card.

[0055] The result display and transmission module is used to control the display screen to display the sample detection result through a microcontroller, and upload it to the cloud database in real time through the MQTT protocol support module.

[0056] Furthermore, the working principle of the present invention is illustrated by the following embodiments:

[0057] In a large-scale chicken farm, recently, some chickens have shown respiratory symptoms and a decrease in egg production. The breeders suspect that the chicken flock is infected with a certain disease. To quickly diagnose and take prevention and control measures, the integrated instant POCT detection system of the present invention is used for detection.

[0058] After receiving the detection gun, the tester turns on the cloud platform of the device, selects the detection gun to be configured. Considering the current symptoms of the chicken flock and suspecting respiratory diseases such as avian influenza, the tester selects nucleic acid detection in the detection type of the cloud platform, checks the avian influenza virus detection in the disease detection items, sets the fluorescence intensity threshold to 0.6 according to past experience and the accuracy requirements of this detection. At the same time, the tester finds that the current convolutional neural network (CNN) model being used is a version from several months ago and has poor detection effect on new mutant strains. Through the better deep learning model improvement plan received a few days ago, the tester updates the component through OTA, selects the newly trained deep learning model, and specifies the current detection gun device for update. After receiving the instruction, the cloud platform sends the update package to the detection gun. The detection gun stores the received update package in the SD card and simultaneously backs up the data of the currently running deep learning model. The new deep learning model is written into the program storage area in the SD card, overwriting the original model. The device automatically uses the built-in test data for verification. After the verification passes, the backup data and the update package are deleted, and the program is restarted according to the new settings.

[0059] The farmer selects the equipped detachable multi-purpose probe. First, the farmer uses the acupuncture blood sampling probe to take blood from a chicken with more obvious symptoms. The acupuncture blood sampling probe is inserted into the wing vein of the chicken, and the automatic quantitative aspiration device is activated to accurately extract 100 μl of blood sample, which is quickly stored in the sample temporary storage area in the collection module. This temporary storage area uses special sealing materials and low-temperature preservation technology to maintain the activity of the sample in a short time. Subsequently, the farmer replaces the swab sampling probe, inserts it deep into the chicken's nasal cavity to obtain a swab with nasal secretions attached, and places the swab into the secretion sample feeding port of the sample extraction module. After the elution operation, the nasal secretions are transferred to a specific solution to obtain an animal secretion sample, which is also stored in the sample temporary storage area.

[0060] When the nucleic acid detection type is selected in the user control module, the automatic quantitative aspiration device of the sample extraction module extracts the blood and secretion samples in the sample temporary storage area into the lysis chamber of the microfluidic processing chip. The temperature of the lysis chamber quickly rises to 65 °C, and the built-in lysis solution reacts fully with the sample to destroy the cell and virus structures and release nucleic acids, obtaining a lysed sample. The lysed sample flows into the magnetic bead mixing chamber through the microchannel. The magnetic beads with nucleic acid-specific adsorption function pre-placed in the chamber are fully mixed with the lysed sample under the action of oscillation, so that the nucleic acids are effectively adsorbed onto the magnetic beads. The mixture enters the separation chamber, and the external magnetic field is activated. The magnetic beads with nucleic acids are adsorbed to one side of the chamber, and the impurities flow out with the liquid, realizing the separation of nucleic acids and impurities. The magnetic beads with nucleic acids enter the amplification reaction chamber, and the temperature of the chamber rises to 63 °C. Under the action of primers and enzymes, the nucleic acids undergo an isothermal amplification reaction. After a series of complex biochemical processes, a nucleic acid sample to be detected is obtained.

[0061] The nucleic acid sample to be detected enters the detection area of the microfluidic processing chip through the microchannel. A fluorescent marker is added thereto. The optical lens focuses the excitation light on the detection area. The wavelength of the excitation light is 488 nm. The fluorescent marker is excited to generate a fluorescent signal with a wavelength of 525 nm. The photoelectric detector receives the fluorescent signal passing through the filter and converts it into an electrical signal. After the electrical signal is amplified by the amplifier circuit, it is converted into digital signal data through the analog-to-digital converter ADC.

[0062] After receiving the digital signal data, the intelligent analysis module first performs a normalization operation on it, scales the data to the interval [0,1], uses the logistic growth model as the fitting model, and according to the fitting data pre-stored in the SD card, that is, a large amount of digital signal data and corresponding fluorescence intensity values of past avian influenza virus nucleic acid detections, obtains the logistic growth model parameters L, K, and x0 through the nonlinear least squares method, and substitutes the logistic growth model parameters into the mathematical formula of the fluorescence fitting curve The fluorescence intensity value is calculated. Since the fluorescence intensity threshold set in the user control module is 0.6, if the calculated fluorescence intensity value is greater than or equal to 0.6, the sample test result is positive; if it is less than 0.6, it is negative. Suppose the calculated fluorescence intensity value this time is 0.8, and it is determined that the test result of the chicken sample is positive, indicating that the chicken is infected with the avian influenza virus.

[0063] The intelligent analysis module stores the sample test result in the SD card, and at the same time transmits the result to the microcontroller through the SPI bus. The microcontroller, through the SPI interface connected to the IPS color screen, displays "Avian influenza virus test result: positive" on the screen, and shows that the detected disease item is "Avian influenza virus detection". In addition, the sample test results stored in the SD card are encapsulated in JSON format, compressed using the Zlib library, and then uploaded to the cloud database in real time according to the MQTT protocol through the MQTT protocol support module. The farm management personnel can log in to the cloud platform through a mobile phone or computer to view the test results at any time.

[0064] After analysis, it takes about 2 minutes to set the user control module, about 5 minutes for sample collection, about 10 minutes for sample extraction, about 4 minutes for detection, about 4 minutes for intelligent analysis, and 1 minute for result display and transmission. It is realized that only the integrated POCT detection gun can obtain the sample test result within 30 minutes, so as to take timely prevention and control measures such as isolating sick chickens and strengthening disinfection.

[0065] Through the above process, the integrated POCT detection gun completes the whole process from sample collection to result output within 30 minutes, and the test results can be transmitted to the cloud in time, providing strong data support for disease prevention and control.

[0066] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims described above.

Claims

1. An integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent detection gun for animal diseases, characterized in that, Including: A sample collection module, a sample extraction module, a detection module, an intelligent analysis module, a result display and transmission module, and a user control module. The sample collection module, the sample extraction module, the detection module, the intelligent analysis module, the result display and transmission module, and the user control module operate powered by a lithium-ion battery; The sample collection module is used to obtain animal blood or animal secretion samples through a detachable multi-purpose probe; The sample extraction module is used to perform sample lysis, nucleic acid extraction, or isothermal amplification on the obtained animal blood or animal secretion samples through a microfluidic processing chip according to the detection type, to obtain nucleic acid or antigen samples to be detected; The detection module is used to obtain digital signal data for nucleic acid samples to be detected through fluorescence quantitative detection, and obtain digital images for antigen samples to be detected through immunochromatographic test strip scanning; The intelligent analysis module is used to process the digital signals through a real-time fluorescence curve fitting algorithm, or process the digital images through a convolutional neural network (CNN), thereby obtaining sample detection results and storing them in an SD card; The result display and transmission module is used to control a display screen to display sample detection results through a microcontroller, and upload them to a cloud database in real time through an MQTT protocol support module; The user control module is used to set the detection type, the detected disease items, and the fluorescence intensity threshold, and update the fitting data and the convolutional neural network (CNN) in the program storage area of the SD card through an OTA update component.

2. The integrated instant POCT detection system based on the intelligent detection gun for animal diseases according to claim 1, wherein, In the sample collection module, the process of obtaining animal blood or animal secretion samples through a detachable multi-purpose probe: Insert the acupuncture blood collection probe into the blood collection site of the animal, obtain an animal blood sample through an automatic quantitative aspiration device, and store the animal blood sample in the sample temporary storage area in the collection module; Insert the swab sampling probe into the animal's nasal cavity or oral cavity, obtain a swab with nasal or oral secretions attached, put the swab into the secretion sample feeding port of the sample extraction module, and obtain a sample solution containing nasal or oral secretions, that is, an animal secretion sample, through an elution operation, and store the animal secretion sample in the sample temporary storage area in the collection module; The detachable multi-purpose probe includes an acupuncture blood collection probe and a swab sampling probe The elution operation is a key step for samples collected using a swab to transfer the components to be detected from the swab to a suitable solution for subsequent processing and detection.

3. The integrated instant POCT detection system based on the intelligent detection gun for animal diseases according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the sample extraction module, the process of performing sample lysis, nucleic acid extraction, or isothermal amplification on the obtained animal blood or animal secretion samples through a microfluidic processing chip according to the detection type: Perform nucleic acid detection or antigen detection according to the detection type set by the tester; For nucleic acid detection, the obtained animal blood or animal secretion sample is subjected to sample lysis, nucleic acid extraction, and isothermal amplification through a microfluidic processing chip. The animal blood or animal secretion sample in the sample storage area is aspirated into the lysis chamber by an automatic quantitative aspiration device. At the same time, the temperature in the lysis chamber is raised to the range of 50 to 70 °C to destroy the structures of cells and viruses in the animal blood or animal secretion sample, obtaining a lysed sample. The lysed sample flows into the magnetic bead mixing chamber through a microchannel and, through shaking treatment, obtains a mixture of the lysed sample and magnetic beads. The mixture of the lysed sample and magnetic beads enters the separation chamber through a microchannel. By applying an external magnetic field to the separation chamber, magnetic beads with nucleic acids are obtained. The magnetic beads with nucleic acids enter the amplification reaction chamber through a microchannel. At the same time, the temperature in the amplification reaction chamber is raised to the range of 60 to 65 °C, and the nucleic acids on the magnetic beads with nucleic acids undergo an isothermal amplification reaction under the action of primers and enzymes, obtaining a nucleic acid sample to be detected; For antigen detection, the obtained animal blood or animal secretion sample is subjected to sample lysis through a microfluidic processing chip. The animal blood or animal secretion sample in the sample storage area is aspirated into the lysis chamber by an automatic quantitative aspiration device. At the same time, the temperature in the lysis chamber is raised to the range of 50 to 70 °C to destroy the structures of cells and viruses in the animal blood or animal secretion sample, obtaining an antigen sample to be detected; The lysis chamber, magnetic bead mixing chamber, amplification reaction chamber, microchannel, magnetic beads, primers, and enzymes are components of the microfluidic processing chip; The isothermal amplification reaction is a nucleic acid amplification technology carried out at a constant temperature; The microfluidic processing chip is a chip for animal disease detection.

4. The integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent detection gun for animal diseases according to claim 3, wherein In the detection module, the process of obtaining digital signal data for the nucleic acid sample to be detected by fluorescence quantitative detection method: The nucleic acid sample to be detected enters the detection area of the microfluidic processing chip through a microchannel, and a fluorescent marker is added to the nucleic acid sample to be detected in the detection area. The excitation light is focused on the detection area through an optical lens. The fluorescent marker generates a fluorescent signal through the excitation light. The fluorescent signal passing through the filter is received by a photodetector and converted into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is amplified through an amplifier circuit to enhance the intensity of the electrical signal. The amplified electrical signal is converted by an analog-to-digital converter ADC to obtain digital signal data; The excitation light is a light with a specific wavelength, used to excite the fluorescent substance in the detection sample to emit a fluorescent signal, thereby realizing the analysis and detection of the sample to be detected.

5. The integrated instant POCT detection system based on the intelligent detection gun for animal diseases according to claim 4, wherein In the detection module, the process of obtaining a digital image for the antigen sample to be detected by immunochromatographic strip scanning method: The antigen sample to be detected is dropped onto the sample pad of the immunochromatographic strip. The antigen sample to be detected moves on the immunochromatographic strip through capillary action, successively passing through the conjugate pad, test line, and control line areas of the immunochromatographic strip, obtaining an immunochromatographic strip to be scanned. The immunochromatographic strip to be scanned is scanned by a linear array CCD image sensor, and the collected reflected light intensity signal is converted into a digital image; The capillary action refers to the physical phenomenon in which a liquid spontaneously rises or diffuses in small pores or tubes; The binding pad, test line, and control line regions are the key parts on the immunochromatographic test strip that play the core detection function.

6. The integrated instant POCT detection system based on the intelligent detection gun for animal diseases according to claim 5, wherein In the intelligent analysis module, the process of processing digital signal data through the real-time fluorescence curve fitting algorithm: Perform a normalization operation on the digital signal data, scale the normalized digital signal data to the interval [0, 1] to obtain the normalized digital signal data, and use the logistic growth model as the fitting model. According to the fitting data, through the nonlinear least squares method, obtain the logistic growth model parameters including L, K, and x0, substitute the logistic growth model parameters into the fitting model to obtain the mathematical formula of the fluorescence fitting curve, calculate the fluorescence intensity value from the normalized digital signal data through the mathematical formula of the fluorescence fitting curve, and make a judgment according to the preset fluorescence intensity threshold; If the fluorescence intensity value is greater than or equal to the preset fluorescence intensity threshold, the sample test result is positive; If the fluorescence intensity value is less than the preset fluorescence intensity threshold, the sample test result is negative; Based on this, the real-time fluorescence curve fitting algorithm processes the digital signal data; The nonlinear least squares method is an optimization algorithm widely used in curve fitting and parameter estimation; The fitting data is the digital signal data and the corresponding fluorescence intensity values stored in the program storage area of the SD card in advance.

7. The integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent detection gun for animal diseases according to claim 6, wherein, In the intelligent analysis module, the process of processing the digital image through the convolutional neural network CNN: Enhance the edge features of the test line and control line of the digital image through histogram to obtain the enhanced digital image, and input the enhanced digital image into the pre-trained convolutional neural network CNN to obtain the sample test result; The pre-trained convolutional neural network CNN is a convolutional neural network CNN that has been pre-trained using a large number of labeled digital images of immunochromatographic test strips by a computer and stored in the program storage area of the SD card; The histogram is a statistical chart that groups data and counts the frequency of each group, and displays the data distribution in the form of a bar chart.

8. The integrated instant POCT detection system based on the intelligent detection gun for animal diseases according to claim 7, wherein, In the result display and transmission module, the process of controlling the display screen to display the sample test result through the microcontroller and uploading it to the cloud database in real time through the MQTT protocol support module: Transmit the sample test result stored in the SD card to the microcontroller through the SPI bus. The microcontroller displays the positive or negative sample test result on the IPS color screen through the SPI interface connected to the IPS color screen, and at the same time, displays the detected disease item; For the sample test results stored in the SD card, encapsulate them in JSON format, compress the encapsulated data using the Zlib library, and upload the compressed data to the cloud database using the MQTT protocol supported by the MQTT protocol support module; The Zlib library is a data compression library suitable for embedded devices and low-resource environments; The MQTT protocol is a lightweight communication protocol based on the publish / subscribe mode; The JSON format is a lightweight data exchange format; The microcontroller is the control center of the system, responsible for coordinating and managing the work of each module.

9. The integrated instant POCT detection system based on an intelligent detection gun for animal diseases according to claim 8, wherein, In the maintenance module, the detection type, the detected disease items, and the fluorescence intensity threshold are set. The process of updating the convolutional neural network (CNN) in the program storage area of the OTA update component and the SD card is as follows: Based on the actual situation, including inaccurate sample test results, the emergence of new types of animal diseases, and obtaining better deep learning model improvement solutions, the inspector updates the convolutional neural network (CNN) or the nucleoid data. The inspector selects a newly trained deep learning model or nucleoid data, specifies the device to be updated, and sends an update package to the device of the OTA update component of the specified updated device through the cloud platform. When the device receives the update package, it stores the update package in the SD card of the device. At the same time, it backs up the backup data of the currently running device, including the deep learning model or nucleoid data. The device writes the newly trained backup data in the update package to the program storage area of the SD card of the device, overwriting the original deep learning model or nucleoid data. The device automatically starts to verify the new deep learning model or the fitted data by using the built-in test data of the device. If the verification is passed, it sends a successful update message to the cloud platform and deletes the backup data and the update package. If the verification fails, the device restores the original deep learning model or the fitted package according to the backup data and sends an update failure message to the cloud platform. The device receives the newly set detection type, the detected disease items, and the fluorescence intensity threshold from the inspector through the cloud platform, saves the information of the newly set detection type, the detected disease items, and the fluorescence intensity threshold to the SD card of the device of the OTA update component, and deletes the original detection type, the detected disease items, and the fluorescence intensity threshold. The device restarts the program according to the new detection type, the detected disease items, and the fluorescence intensity threshold. The OTA update component is a hardware interface that supports the Over-the-Air (OTA) technology.

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