Highway tunnel construction settlement measuring equipment and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of construction measurement equipment, and particularly relates to highway tunnel construction settlement measurement equipment and a construction method thereof.The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement equipment comprises a measurement plate, a spiral insertion rod used for positioning the measurement plate is arranged below the measurement plate, and a driving box used for driving the spiral insertion rod to rotate is further arranged below the measurement plate; the measuring mechanism comprises sliding grooves symmetrically formed in the two sides of the measuring plate, measuring blocks are slidably connected into the sliding grooves in the horizontal direction, moving blocks are slidably connected to the lower portions of the measuring blocks in the vertical direction, and two moving rollers which extend to the lower portions of the moving blocks and make contact with the ground are rotatably connected into the moving blocks. The measuring block is provided with a displacement sensor used for calculating the vertical distance between the measuring block and the moving block. By arranging the measuring mechanism, the settlement condition in the tunnel can be measured from a plurality of measuring points through the moving displacement sensor in the measuring process, and the range and comprehensiveness of settlement measurement are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction surveying equipment, and in particular relates to a settlement measurement device for highway tunnel construction and its construction method. Background Art

[0002] Highway tunnel construction refers to a series of engineering activities carried out to build tunnels for highway traffic. These tunnels are usually used to cross mountains, underground areas or water areas to provide passageways for vehicles. During the construction of the tunnel, it is necessary to use settlement measurement equipment to monitor and measure the settlement of the tunnel and the surrounding area in real time, so that construction workers can timely detect settlement changes and give early warnings of possible risks such as collapses, which helps to ensure the safety of the tunnel itself, guarantee the smooth progress of construction and the long-term stable operation of the tunnel.

[0003] However, in the prior art, such as a settlement measurement device for highway tunnel construction disclosed in Chinese Publication No. CN118408513B, the following technical problems still exist in the use process:

[0004] During the measurement process, it can only measure the settlement of fixed points at the positions where the measuring rods are set, resulting in the device being able to only measure the settlement of a certain local area of the tunnel, while ignoring the settlement of other areas in the tunnel. The measurement range is very limited, causing construction workers to be unable to timely discover potential problems in the tunnel and increasing the danger during the tunnel construction process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background art, and provide a settlement measurement device for highway tunnel construction and its construction method that can move the displacement sensor and measure the settlement of the tunnel from multiple measurement points.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A settlement measurement device for highway tunnel construction, comprising:

[0008] A measuring plate, a spiral insertion rod for positioning the measuring plate is provided below the measuring plate, and a driving box for driving the spiral insertion rod to rotate is also provided below the measuring plate;

[0009] The measuring mechanism includes sliding grooves symmetrically formed on both sides of the measuring plate. Two measuring blocks are slidably connected horizontally in the two sliding grooves. A moving block is slidably connected vertically below the measuring block. Two moving rollers extending below the moving block and contacting the ground are rotatably connected in the moving block. A displacement sensor for detecting the vertical distance between the measuring block and the moving block is installed on the measuring block. Above the measuring plate, a traction roller is rotatably connected through a mounting seat. There are two traction rollers symmetrically arranged with respect to the screw insertion rod. A return spring is provided between the measuring block and the inner wall of the sliding groove. A traction rope is wound around the traction roller. One end of the traction rope away from the traction roller is fixedly connected to the corresponding measuring block. Above the measuring plate, a driving assembly is provided for driving the two traction rollers to rotate synchronously in opposite directions.

[0010] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a mounting plate fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. One end of the mounting plate away from the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a motor for driving the rotating rod. An arc-shaped rack is fixedly connected to the rotating rod through a first connecting rod. A gear set is provided at one end of the traction roller rotating shaft close to the arc-shaped rack. The arc-shaped rack meshes with one of the gears in the gear set.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating mechanism is provided on the measuring plate, including a sleeve fixedly connected to the lower end of the measuring plate. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. The part of the driving box located inside the sleeve is fixedly connected with an abutting ring that abuts against the upper end of the limiting ring. A plurality of driving blocks distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the position of the driving box below the sleeve. A transmission ring is fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the sleeve. A plurality of transmission blocks distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission ring. A transmission component is further provided between the transmission ring and the driving assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission component includes a worm gear fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the transmission ring. A support inclined plate is fixedly connected to one side of the measuring plate through a support block. A first transmission rod and a second transmission rod are rotatably connected to the side wall of the support inclined plate. A transmission gear that periodically meshes with the arc-shaped rack is fixedly connected to the first transmission rod, and the radius of the transmission gear is smaller than the radius of any one of the gears in the gear set. A worm that meshes with the worm gear is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod. A synchronous pulley structure is provided between the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod.

[0013] Preferably, a dust reduction mechanism controlled by the measuring block is provided on the measuring plate, including a liquid extraction cavity opened inside the measuring block. A piston plate is hermetically and slidably connected inside the liquid extraction cavity. A first spring is provided between the piston plate and the inner wall of the liquid extraction cavity. A liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the measuring block away from the traction roller. A liquid extraction pipe communicates between the liquid extraction cavity and the inside of the liquid storage tank. A drain pipe is fixedly communicated with the lower wall of the liquid extraction cavity. One-way valves are provided in the liquid extraction pipe and the drain pipe. An atomizing nozzle is provided at the position where the drain pipe extends below the measuring block.

[0014] Preferably, an electrostatic dust removal mechanism controlled by the driving assembly is provided on the measuring plate, including a storage frame fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate. An arc-shaped electrostatic plate is installed on the rotating rod. The upper end of the measuring plate is fixedly connected with a first conductive ring through a support rod. The first conductive ring is divided into a power-on area and a grounding area. The power-on area is communicated with an electrostatic generator. One end of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate is fixedly connected with a first conductive sheet that contacts the first conductive ring. A shaking-off assembly is also provided on the measuring plate.

[0015] Preferably, the shaking-off assembly includes a guiding groove opened on the rotating rod. A second connecting rod that is slidably connected inside the guiding groove is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped electrostatic plate. An empty groove is opened on the side of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate close to the first conductive sheet. The first conductive sheet is slidably connected to the inner wall of the empty groove and a second spring is provided between the first conductive sheet and the inner wall of the empty groove. A roller is hinged to the outer wall of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate away from the first conductive sheet through a hinge seat. An arc-shaped guiding block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate. A plurality of protruding blocks arranged at equal intervals are fixedly connected to one side wall of the arc-shaped guiding block. The roller contacts and rolls with the arc-shaped guiding block and the plurality of protruding blocks.

[0016] Preferably, an alarm mechanism is provided between the measuring block and the moving block, including a guiding rod that is slidably connected through the measuring block. The bottom end of the guiding rod is fixedly connected to the moving block. A threaded rod is rotatably connected to the moving block. The threaded rod penetrates and extends above the measuring block. The measuring block is in threaded connection with the threaded rod and the coefficient of friction between them is less than the tangent value of the thread helix angle. The top end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with an alarm block. A control cavity is opened inside the alarm block. A second conductive ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control cavity. A fixing rod arranged coaxially with the threaded rod is fixedly connected inside the control cavity. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the rod body of the fixing rod. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a second conductive sheet. A third spring is provided between the second conductive sheet and the fixing rod. A buzzer alarm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the alarm block. The buzzer alarm is connected in series with the power supply device through the second conductive sheet and the second conductive ring.

[0017] A construction method applied to the above-mentioned highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device includes:

[0018] S1. Fixed operation: During the construction process, the driving source in the driving box drives the spiral insertion rod to rotate, drills the spiral insertion rod into the ground, and locates the position of the measuring plate.

[0019] S2. Measurement in the horizontal direction: The driving component periodically drives the two measuring blocks to approach each other, further driving the two moving blocks to approach each other. Through the distance change between the measuring blocks and the moving blocks on both sides, the measuring point is moved in the horizontal direction.

[0020] S3. Change of measurement angle: Each time the two measuring blocks approach each other and complete the measurement in the horizontal direction, before the arc-shaped rack drives the gear set to rotate again, the transmission component can drive the worm gear and the transmission ring to rotate by a unit angle, so that the measuring plate can rotate by a unit angle, realizing the settlement measurement in all directions.

[0021] S4. Dust suppression treatment: After the two measuring blocks approach each other each time and the arc-shaped rack no longer meshes with the gear set, the measuring blocks can be quickly moved back under the elastic force of the return spring, realizing the rapid separation of the two measuring blocks. Thus, under the action of inertia force, the piston plate overcomes the elastic force of the first spring and sprays out the pumped water, so that the dust in the air around the measuring position can be adsorbed by the small water droplets and settle to the ground.

[0022] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the settlement measurement device and its construction method for highway tunnel construction are as follows:

[0023] 1. By setting up a measuring mechanism, during the measurement process, the driving component drives the two traction rollers to rotate periodically in opposite directions, so as to pull the two measuring blocks and the moving blocks to make periodic horizontal displacements approaching each other through the traction ropes on the traction rollers, and further, under the elastic force of the return spring, the two measuring blocks and the moving blocks can be separated from each other until they are reset. Through the moving displacement sensor, the settlement conditions in the tunnel can be measured from multiple measuring points, improving the scope and comprehensiveness of settlement measurement.

[0024] 2. By setting up a rotating mechanism, each time the arc-shaped rack meshes with the gear set, it can mesh with the transmission gear before meshing with the gear set next time, and then drive the worm gear to rotate through the transmission component. The worm gear drives the sleeve and the measuring plate to rotate by a unit angle as a whole, realizing the settlement measurement in the tunnel from different directions and further improving the comprehensiveness of settlement measurement.

[0025] 3. In the present invention, by providing a dust-removing mechanism, since the process of the two measuring blocks moving away from each other is carried out rapidly under the elastic force of the reset spring, during the process of the two measuring blocks moving away from each other, the piston plate inside them will overcome the elastic force of the first spring under the action of inertia force and slide a certain distance in the liquid extraction cavity, and the water in the liquid extraction cavity will be sprayed out through the liquid discharge pipe and the atomizing nozzle. When the two measuring blocks move away from each other until they return to the initial position, the disappearance of the inertia force will cause the piston plate to slide back in the reverse direction, thereby pumping the water in the liquid storage tank into the liquid extraction cavity, and periodically spraying water around the measuring position during the measurement process, so that the dust in the air around the measuring position can be adsorbed by the small water droplets and settle to the ground, avoiding the dust adhering to the displacement sensor and affecting the accuracy of the settlement measurement.

[0026] 4. In the present invention, by providing an electrostatic dust-removing mechanism, during the measurement process, the rotation of the rotating rod will cause the first conductive sheet to periodically contact the energized area and the grounded area, so that the arc-shaped electrostatic plate is periodically energized electrostatically to adsorb dust, and is periodically grounded, so that the dust on the arc-shaped electrostatic plate can fall into the storage frame for storage, further improving the air quality in the tunnel and the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0027] 5. In the present invention, by providing a shaking component, when the arc-shaped electrostatic plate rotates to the position where the first conductive sheet contacts the grounded area, the arc-shaped electrostatic plate can be shaken under the action of the roller, the arc-shaped guide block and the raised block, thereby shaking off the dust on it, improving the cleanliness of the surface of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate, and improving the adsorption and cleaning effect of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate on dust.

[0028] 6. In the present invention, by providing an alarm mechanism, when a large-scale settlement occurs in a short distance inside the tunnel, the moving block can displace a large distance downward relative to the measuring block in a short time, driving the threaded rod to rotate relatively fast, so as to overcome the elastic force of the third spring under the action of centrifugal force, and making the second conductive sheet contact the second conductive ring, so that the buzzer alarm works, further improving the safety during the construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the measuring mechanism in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the rotating mechanism in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged view of part A in

[0033] Figure 5It is a partial cross-sectional view of the dust-removing mechanism in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the electrostatic dust-removing mechanism in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the alarm mechanism in the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Measuring plate; 11. Spiral insertion rod; 12. Driving box; 2. Measuring mechanism; 21. Slide groove; 22. Measuring block; 23. Moving block; 24. Displacement sensor; 25. Traction roller; 26. Return spring; 27. Traction rope; 28. Driving component; 281. Mounting plate; 282. Rotating rod; 283. Motor; 284. Arc-shaped rack; 285. Gear set; 3. Rotating mechanism; 31. Sleeve; 32. Limiting ring; 33. Abutting ring; 34. Driving block; 35. Transmission block; 36. Transmission component; 361. Worm gear; 362. Supporting inclined plate; 363. First transmission rod; 364. Second transmission rod; 365. Transmission gear; 366. Worm; 367. Synchronous wheel structure; 4. Dust-removing mechanism; 41. Liquid suction chamber; 42. Piston plate; 43. First spring; 44. Liquid storage tank; 45. Liquid suction pipe; 46. Drain pipe; 5. Electrostatic dust-removing mechanism; 51. Storage frame; 52. Arc-shaped electrostatic plate; 53. First conductive ring; 54. Electrified area; 55. Grounding area; 56. First conductive sheet; 57. Shaking-off component; 571. Guide groove; 572. Empty groove; 573. Second spring; 574. Roller; 575. Arc-shaped guide block; 576. Protruding block; 6. Alarm mechanism; 61. Guide rod; 62. Threaded rod; 63. Alarm block; 64. Control chamber; 65. Second conductive ring; 66. Fixed rod; 67. Expansion rod; 68. Second conductive sheet; 69. Third spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment: Refer to Figures 1 to 7 , a highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device, comprising:

[0039] Measuring plate 1, a spiral insertion rod 11 for positioning the measuring plate 1 is provided below the measuring plate 1, and a driving box 12 for driving the spiral insertion rod 11 to rotate is also provided below the measuring plate 1. Specifically, the driving box 12 drives the spiral insertion rod 11 to rotate through a rotating motor arranged inside it, so as to fix the measuring plate 1 at a certain height above the ground. This is a mature existing technology and will not be elaborated here;

[0040] The measuring mechanism 2 is used to move the measuring point in the horizontal direction to improve the comprehensiveness of measurement. The measuring mechanism 2 includes sliding grooves 21 symmetrically opened on both sides of the measuring plate 1. Two measuring blocks 22 are symmetrically and slidably connected in the two sliding grooves 21 in the horizontal direction. A moving block 23 is slidably connected to the lower part of the measuring block 22 in the vertical direction. Two moving rollers extending to the lower part of the moving block 23 and contacting the ground are rotatably connected in the moving block 23. A displacement sensor 24 for measuring the vertical distance between the measuring block 22 and the moving block 23 is installed on the measuring block 22. A traction roller 25 is rotatably connected above the measuring plate 1 through a mounting seat. There are two traction rollers 25 which are symmetrically arranged with respect to the screw insertion rod 11. A return spring 26 is arranged between the measuring block 22 and the inner wall of the sliding groove 21. A traction rope 27 is wound on the traction roller 25. One end of the traction rope 27 away from the traction roller 25 is fixedly connected to the measuring block 22 at the corresponding position. A driving assembly 28 for driving the two traction rollers 25 to rotate in opposite directions synchronously is arranged above the measuring plate 1.

[0041] Specifically, the displacement sensor 24 can adopt a common fiber Bragg grating sensor, which uses the wavelength change of the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber to sense the deformation or displacement of an object. Specifically, through the interaction between the grating and the external displacement or strain, a change in the reflection wavelength is generated, and the relative distance between the measuring block 22 and the moving block 23 is obtained by analyzing these changes, so as to detect the settlement amplitude.

[0042] The driving assembly 28 includes a mounting plate 281 fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate 1. A rotating rod 282 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 281. A motor 283 for driving the rotating rod 282 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting plate 281 away from the rotating rod 282. An arc-shaped rack 284 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 282 through a first connecting rod. A gear set 285 is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft of the traction roller 25 close to the arc-shaped rack 284. The arc-shaped rack 284 meshes with one of the gears in the gear set 285. During actual use, the motor 283 drives the rotating rod 282 to rotate, thereby driving the arc-shaped rack 284 to perform a circular motion, so that the arc-shaped rack 284 periodically meshes with one of the gears in the gear set 285. Since the two gears in the gear set 285 mesh with each other, the two traction rollers 25 will be driven to rotate in opposite directions synchronously through the two gears.

[0043] In view of the problem in the prior art that settlement measurement can only be carried out at fixed positions set on the measuring rod, resulting in the equipment being able to measure the settlement conditions of only a certain local area and the measurement range being very limited, the present invention sets up a measuring mechanism 2. During the measurement process, the driving assembly 28 drives the two traction rollers 25 to rotate periodically in opposite directions, so as to pull the two measuring blocks 22 and the moving block 23 to make periodic horizontal displacements approaching each other through the traction ropes 27 on the traction rollers 25, and further, under the elastic force of the return spring 26, the two measuring blocks 22 and the moving block 23 are separated from each other until they are reset. During this process, when the ground subsides, due to the gravity of the moving block 23 itself, the moving block 23 will move downward relative to the measuring block 22, and the moving rollers below the moving block 23 are always in rolling contact with the ground. Thus, by measuring the relative distance between the measuring block 22 and the moving block 23 with the displacement sensor 24, the settlement distance in the tunnel is detected. Through the moving measuring blocks 22 and the moving block 23, the settlement conditions in the tunnel can be measured from multiple measuring points, improving the range and comprehensiveness of settlement measurement, increasing the probability for construction personnel to discover potential problems, and thus reducing the danger during the construction process.

[0044] A rotating mechanism 3 is provided on the measuring plate 1 for realizing settlement measurement in all directions through the rotation of the measuring plate 1. The rotating mechanism 3 includes a sleeve 31 fixedly connected to the lower end of the measuring plate 1. A limiting ring 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 31. A butting ring 33 that abuts against the upper end of the limiting ring 32 is fixedly connected to the part of the driving box 12 located inside the sleeve 31. A plurality of driving blocks 34 distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the position of the driving box 12 below the sleeve 31. A transmission ring is fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the sleeve 31, and a plurality of transmission blocks 35 distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission ring. A transmission assembly 36 is further provided between the transmission ring and the driving assembly 28 for automatically rotating the measuring plate 1 by a unit angle after each measurement is completed.

[0045] Specifically, since the height of the driving box 12 remains unchanged under the action of the screw plugging rod 11, when the sleeve 31 rotates by a unit angle, the inclined surface of the transmission block 35 below the sleeve 31 will slide along the inclined surface of the driving block 34, so that the sleeve 31 moves in the vertical direction relative to the driving box 12. The butting ring 33 and the limiting ring 32 ensure that the sleeve 31 can move and rotate in the vertical direction relative to the driving box 12.

[0046] Specifically, when the transmission block 35 follows the sleeve 31 to rotate, it is pushed by the driving block 34, so that the transmission block 35 can drive the sleeve 31 and the measuring plate 1 as a whole to move upward, avoiding the moving block 23 and the moving rollers at its bottom from hindering the rotation of the measuring plate 1.

[0047] The transmission assembly 36 includes a worm gear 361 fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of a transmission ring. One side of the measuring plate 1 is fixedly connected with a support inclined plate 362 through a support block. A first transmission rod 363 and a second transmission rod 364 are rotatably connected to the side wall of the support inclined plate 362. A transmission gear 365 that is periodically engaged with the arc-shaped rack 284 is fixedly connected to the first transmission rod 363, and the radius of the transmission gear 365 is smaller than the radius of any gear in the gear set 285. A worm 366 that is engaged with the worm gear 361 is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod 364. A synchronous pulley structure 367 is provided between the first transmission rod 363 and the second transmission rod 364.

[0048] Specifically, the synchronous pulley structure 367 includes synchronous pulleys fixedly connected to the first transmission rod 363 and the second transmission rod 364, and a synchronous belt is sleeved between the two synchronous pulleys. Here, the synchronous pulleys and the synchronous belt can also be replaced by sprockets and chains, as long as the first transmission rod 363 can always drive the second transmission rod 364 to rotate synchronously when rotating, and no further limitation is made here.

[0049] Specifically, when the arc-shaped rack 284 rotates to be engaged with the transmission gear 365, it will drive the first transmission rod 363 to rotate by a unit angle, and further drive the second transmission rod 364 to rotate by a unit angle through the synchronous pulley structure 367. The second transmission rod 364 drives the worm gear 361 to rotate by a unit angle through the worm 366, so that the sleeve 31 can rotate by a unit angle.

[0050] In order to further improve the comprehensiveness of settlement measurement, in the present invention, by setting the rotating mechanism 3, the arc-shaped rack 284 in the driving assembly 28 can be periodically engaged with the gear set 285 and drive the measuring mechanism 2 to work. During this process, each time the arc-shaped rack 284 is engaged with the gear set 285, the arc-shaped rack 284 can be engaged with the transmission gear 365 before the next engagement with the gear set 285, and then drive the worm gear 361 to rotate through the transmission assembly 36. The worm gear 361 drives the sleeve 31 and the measuring plate 1 to rotate by a unit angle as a whole, realizing the settlement measurement in the tunnel from different directions and further improving the comprehensiveness of measurement. During this process, the rotation of the sleeve 31 will, under the action of the driving block 34 and the transmission block 35, cause the sleeve 31 and the measuring plate 1 to synchronously displace upward by a certain distance. Since the radius of the transmission gear 365 is smaller than the radius of any gear in the gear set 285, compared with the slow movement process of the measuring plate 1, the upward displacement process of the measuring plate 1 is faster, so that the measuring plate 1 drives the moving block 23 below it to synchronously move upward during the rotation process. Since this upward movement process is faster, the moving roller at the bottom of the moving block 23 cannot contact the ground in time, avoiding the interference of the contact between the moving roller below the moving block 23 and the ground on the rotation.

[0051] The measuring plate 1 is provided with a dust reduction mechanism 4 controlled by the measuring block 22, which is used to perform dust reduction treatment on the measuring position periodically during the measurement process. The dust reduction mechanism 4 includes a liquid suction cavity 41 opened inside the measuring block 22. A piston plate 42 is hermetically and slidably connected inside the liquid suction cavity 41. A first spring 43 is arranged between the piston plate 42 and the inner wall of the liquid suction cavity 41. A liquid storage tank 44 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the measuring block 22 away from the traction roller 25. A liquid suction pipe 45 is communicated between the liquid suction cavity 41 and the inside of the liquid storage tank 44. The lower wall of the liquid suction cavity 41 is fixedly communicated with a liquid discharge pipe 46. One-way valves are arranged in the liquid suction pipe 45 and the liquid discharge pipe 46. The liquid discharge pipe 46 extends to a position below the measuring block 22 and is provided with a spray nozzle.

[0052] Specifically, due to the setting of the one-way valve, when the piston plate 42 slides in the liquid suction cavity 41, the water in the liquid storage tank 44 can only be pumped into the liquid suction cavity 41 through the liquid suction pipe 45, and the water in the liquid suction cavity 41 can only be pumped out to the spray nozzle through the liquid discharge pipe 46, avoiding backflow.

[0053] Considering that a large amount of dust will be generated during the construction process of the tunnel, in the present invention, by setting the dust reduction mechanism 4, since the process of the two measuring blocks 22 moving away from each other quickly under the elastic force of the return spring 26, during the process of the two measuring blocks 22 moving away from each other, the piston plate 42 inside them will overcome the elastic force of the first spring 43 under the action of inertia force and slide a certain distance in the liquid suction cavity 41, and the water in the liquid suction cavity 41 will be sprayed out through the liquid discharge pipe 46 and the spray nozzle. When the two measuring blocks 22 move away from each other until they return to the initial position, at this time the inertia force disappears, which will cause the piston plate 42 to slide reversely and reset in the liquid suction cavity 41 under the elastic force of the first spring 43, so as to pump the water in the liquid storage tank 44 into the liquid suction cavity 41 through the liquid suction pipe 45, and spray water around the measuring position periodically during the measurement process, so that the dust in the air around the measuring position can be adsorbed by small water droplets and settle to the ground. It can not only play a role in dust removal in the tunnel and purify the construction environment, but also avoid dust adhering to the displacement sensor 24 and affecting the accuracy of settlement measurement.

[0054] The measuring plate 1 is provided with an electrostatic dust removal mechanism 5 controlled by the driving assembly 28, which is used to adsorb and clean dust during the measurement process. The electrostatic dust removal mechanism 5 includes a storage frame 51 fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate 1. An arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 is installed on the rotating rod 282. The upper end of the measuring plate 1 is fixedly connected with a first conductive ring 53 through a support rod. The first conductive ring 53 is divided into a power-on area 54 and a grounding area 55. The power-on area 54 is communicated with an electrostatic generator. One end of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 is fixedly connected with a first conductive sheet 56 in contact with the first conductive ring 53. The measuring plate 1 is also provided with a shaking-off assembly 57, which is used to effectively remove the adsorbed dust to ensure the cleanliness of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52, and further ensure the adsorption and cleaning effect of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 on dust.

[0055] It is worth mentioning that, by setting up the electrostatic dust removal mechanism 5, during the measurement process, the rotating rod 282 in the driving assembly 28 rotates. During this process, the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 can be driven to rotate, so that the first conductive sheet 56 on the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 rotates along the first conductive ring 53. When the first conductive sheet 56 rotates to the energized area 54, a path is formed between the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52, the first conductive sheet 56, the energized area 54 and the electrostatic generator, enabling the electrostatic generator to transmit static electricity to the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52. Thus, the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 can adsorb dust in the air through static electricity during rotation. When the first conductive sheet 56 rotates to the grounding area 55, the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 is grounded, allowing the dust on it to fall into the storage frame 51 for storage, further improving the air quality in the tunnel and the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0056] The shaking component 57 includes a guiding groove 571 formed on the rotating rod 282. A second connecting rod that is slidably connected to the inside of the guiding groove 571 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52. An empty groove 572 is formed on one side of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 close to the first conductive sheet 56. The first conductive sheet 56 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the empty groove 572 and a second spring 573 is provided between the first conductive sheet 56 and the inner wall of the empty groove 572. A roller 574 is hinged to the side wall of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 far from the first conductive sheet 56 through a hinge seat. An arc-shaped guiding block 575 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate 1. A plurality of equally spaced protruding blocks 576 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped guiding block 575. The roller 574 contacts and rolls with the arc-shaped guiding block 575 and the plurality of protruding blocks 576.

[0057] It should also be noted that, by setting up the shaking component 57, when the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 rotates until the first conductive sheet 56 contacts the grounding area 55, the roller 574 on one side of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 moves to contact and roll with the arc-shaped guiding block 575. The protruding blocks 576 provided on the arc-shaped guiding block 575 periodically push against the roller 574, enabling the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 to move reciprocally. During this process, the first conductive sheet 56 periodically extends into the empty groove 572 and periodically resets under the elastic force of the second spring 573. The elastic force of the second spring 573 ensures that the first conductive sheet 56 always contacts the first conductive ring 53, causing the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 to shake when grounded, thereby shaking off the dust on it, improving the cleanliness of the surface of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52, and enhancing the adsorption and cleaning effect of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate 52 on dust.

[0058] An alarm mechanism 6 is provided between the measuring block 22 and the moving block 23 for giving an alarm when a large-scale settlement over a short distance occurs inside the tunnel. The alarm mechanism 6 includes a guide rod 61 that is slidably connected through the measuring block 22. The bottom end of the guide rod 61 is fixedly connected to the moving block 23. A threaded rod 62 is rotatably connected to the moving block 23. The threaded rod 62 extends through and above the measuring block 22. The measuring block 22 is in threaded connection with the threaded rod 62 and the friction coefficient between them is less than the tangent value of the thread helix angle. The top end of the threaded rod 62 is fixedly connected to an alarm block 63. A control cavity 64 is formed inside the alarm block 63. A second conductive ring 65 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control cavity 64. A fixed rod 66 coaxial with the threaded rod 62 is fixedly connected inside the control cavity 64. A telescopic rod 67 is fixedly connected to the rod body of the fixed rod 66. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod 67 is fixedly connected to a second conductive sheet 68. A third spring 69 is provided between the second conductive sheet 68 and the fixed rod 66. A buzzer alarm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the alarm block 63. The buzzer alarm is connected in series with the power supply device through the second conductive sheet 68 and the second conductive ring 65.

[0059] Considering that a large-scale settlement over a short distance inside the tunnel may trigger a series of serious problems related to the tunnel structure, surrounding soil, groundwater, etc., the present invention sets up an alarm mechanism 6. When a large-scale settlement over a short distance occurs inside the tunnel, the moving block 23 can displace downward relative to the measuring block 22 by a large distance in a short time. Since the friction coefficient between the measuring block 22 and the threaded rod 62 is less than the tangent value of the thread helix angle, when the moving block 23 displaces downward by a large distance in a short time, it can drive the threaded rod 62 to rotate relatively quickly, thereby overcoming the elastic force of the third spring 69 under the action of centrifugal force and making the second conductive sheet 68 contact the second conductive ring 65, causing the buzzer alarm to work, enabling construction workers to take relevant measures in time when a large-scale settlement over a short distance occurs inside the tunnel, and further improving the safety during the construction process.

[0060] A construction method applied to the above-mentioned highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device includes:

[0061] S1. Fixing work: During the construction process, the driving source in the driving box 12 drives the spiral plugging rod 11 to rotate, drills the spiral plugging rod 11 into the ground, and locates the position of the measuring plate 1.

[0062] S2. Measurement in the horizontal direction: The driving assembly 28 periodically drives the two measuring blocks 22 to approach each other, further driving the two moving blocks 23 to approach each other. By changing the distance between the measuring blocks 22 and the moving blocks 23 on both sides, the measuring point is moved in the horizontal direction to improve the comprehensiveness of the measurement.

[0063] S3. Measurement angle transformation: After the two measuring blocks 22 approach each other and complete the horizontal measurement each time, before the arc rack 284 drives the gear set 285 to rotate again, the worm gear 361 and the transmission ring can be driven by the transmission assembly 36 to rotate by a unit angle, so that the measuring plate 1 can rotate by a unit angle to realize the settlement measurement in all directions;

[0064] S4. Dust suppression treatment: After the two measuring blocks 22 approach each other each time and the arc rack 284 is no longer engaged with the gear set 285, the measuring block 22 can be quickly moved back under the elastic force of the return spring 26 to realize the rapid separation of the two measuring blocks 22. Thus, under the action of inertia, the piston plate 42 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 43 and sprays out the pumped water, so that the dust in the air around the measurement position can be adsorbed by small water droplets and settle to the ground.

[0065] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A settlement measurement device for highway tunnel construction, characterized in that Including: A measuring plate (1), a spiral insertion rod (11) for positioning the measuring plate (1) is provided below the measuring plate (1), and a driving box (12) for driving the spiral insertion rod (11) to rotate is also provided below the measuring plate (1); A measuring mechanism (2), including sliding grooves (21) symmetrically opened on both sides of the measuring plate (1), two measuring blocks (22) are symmetrically and slidably connected in the two sliding grooves (21) along the horizontal direction, a moving block (23) is slidably connected to the lower part of the measuring block (22) along the vertical direction, two moving rollers extending to the lower part of the moving block (23) and contacting the ground are rotatably connected in the moving block (23), a displacement sensor (24) for detecting the vertical distance between the measuring block (22) and the moving block (23) is installed on the measuring block (22), a traction roller (25) is rotatably connected above the measuring plate (1) through a mounting seat, two traction rollers (25) are provided and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the spiral insertion rod (11), a return spring (26) is provided between the measuring block (22) and the inner wall of the sliding groove (21), a traction rope (27) is wound on the traction roller (25), and one end of the traction rope (27) far from the traction roller (25) is fixedly connected to the measuring block (22) at the corresponding position, and a driving component (28) for driving the two traction rollers (25) to rotate in opposite directions synchronously is provided above the measuring plate (1).

2. The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component (28) includes a mounting plate (281) fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate (1), a rotating rod (282) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (281), a motor (283) for driving the rotating rod (282) is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting plate (281) far from the rotating rod (282), an arc-shaped rack (284) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (282) through a first connecting rod, a gear set (285) is provided at one end of the rotating shaft of the traction roller (25) close to the arc-shaped rack (284), and the arc-shaped rack (284) meshes with one of the gears in the gear set (285).

3. The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rotating mechanism (3) is provided on the measuring plate (1), including a sleeve (31) fixedly connected to the lower end of the measuring plate (1), a limiting ring (32) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (31), a contact ring (33) in contact with the upper end of the limiting ring (32) is fixedly connected to the part of the driving box (12) located inside the sleeve (31), a plurality of driving blocks (34) distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the position of the driving box (12) below the sleeve (31), a transmission ring is fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the sleeve (31), a plurality of transmission blocks (35) distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission ring, and a transmission component (36) is further provided between the transmission ring and the driving component (28).

4. The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (36) includes a worm wheel (361) fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of a transmission ring. One side of the measuring plate (1) is fixedly connected to a supporting inclined plate (362) through a supporting block. A first transmission rod (363) and a second transmission rod (364) are rotatably connected to the side wall of the supporting inclined plate (362). A transmission gear (365) fixedly connected to the first transmission rod (363) is periodically engaged with an arc-shaped rack (284), and the radius of the transmission gear (365) is smaller than the radius of any gear in the gear set (285). A worm (366) meshing with the worm wheel (361) is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod (364). A synchronous pulley structure (367) is provided between the first transmission rod (363) and the second transmission rod (364).

5. The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A dust reduction mechanism (4) controlled by a measuring block (22) is provided on the measuring plate (1), including a liquid suction cavity (41) opened inside the measuring block (22). A piston plate (42) is hermetically and slidably connected inside the liquid suction cavity (41). A first spring (43) is provided between the piston plate (42) and the inner wall of the liquid suction cavity (41). A liquid storage tank (44) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the measuring block (22) away from the traction roller (25). A liquid suction pipe (45) communicates between the liquid suction cavity (41) and the inside of the liquid storage tank (44). A drain pipe (46) is fixedly communicated with the lower wall of the liquid suction cavity (41). One-way valves are provided in the liquid suction pipe (45) and the drain pipe (46). An atomizing nozzle is provided at a position where the drain pipe (46) extends below the measuring block (22).

6. The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An electrostatic dust removal mechanism (5) controlled by a driving assembly (28) is provided on the measuring plate (1), including a storage frame (51) fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate (1). An arc-shaped electrostatic plate (52) is installed on the rotating rod (282). A first conductive ring (53) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate (1) through a support rod. The first conductive ring (53) is divided into a power-on area (54) and a grounding area (55). The power-on area (54) is communicated with an electrostatic generator. One end of the arc-shaped electrostatic plate (52) is fixedly connected to a first conductive sheet (56) in contact with the first conductive ring (53). A shaking-off assembly (57) is also provided on the measuring plate (1).

7. The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shaking component (57) includes a guiding groove (571) formed on the rotating rod (282). A second connecting rod slidably connected inside the guiding groove (571) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped static electricity plate (52). An empty groove (572) is formed on one side of the arc-shaped static electricity plate (52) close to the first conductive sheet (56). The first conductive sheet (56) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the empty groove (572), and a second spring (573) is provided between the first conductive sheet (56) and the inner wall of the empty groove (572). A roller (574) is hinged to the side wall of the arc-shaped static electricity plate (52) far from the first conductive sheet (56) through a hinge seat. An arc-shaped guiding block (575) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the measuring plate (1). A plurality of protruding blocks (576) arranged at equal intervals are fixedly connected to one side wall of the arc-shaped guiding block (575). The roller (574) contacts and rolls with the arc-shaped guiding block (575) and the plurality of protruding blocks (576).

8. The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An alarm mechanism (6) is provided between the measuring block (22) and the moving block (23), which includes a guiding rod (61) slidably connected through the measuring block (22). The bottom end of the guiding rod (61) is fixedly connected to the moving block (23). A threaded rod (62) is rotatably connected to the moving block (23). The threaded rod (62) penetrates and extends above the measuring block (22). The measuring block (22) is in threaded connection with the threaded rod (62), and the friction coefficient between them is less than the tangent value of the thread helix angle. The top end of the threaded rod (62) is fixedly connected to an alarm block (63). A control cavity (64) is formed inside the alarm block (63). A second conductive ring (65) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control cavity (64). A fixing rod (66) coaxially arranged with the threaded rod (62) is fixedly connected inside the control cavity (64). A telescopic rod (67) is fixedly connected to the rod body of the fixing rod (66). The telescopic end of the telescopic rod (67) is fixedly connected to a second conductive sheet (68). A third spring (69) is provided between the second conductive sheet (68) and the fixing rod (66). A buzzer alarm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the alarm block (63). The buzzer alarm is connected in series with the power supply device through the second conductive sheet (68) and the second conductive ring (65).

9. The construction method of the highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Including: S1. Fixing work: During the construction process, the driving source in the driving box (12) drives the spiral plugging rod (11) to rotate, and drills the spiral plugging rod (11) into the ground to position the measuring plate (1). S2. Measurement in the horizontal direction: The driving component (28) periodically drives the two measuring blocks (22) to approach each other, further driving the two moving blocks (23) to approach each other. By the distance change between the measuring blocks (22) and the moving blocks (23) on both sides, the measuring point is moved in the horizontal direction. S3. Measurement angle transformation: After each time the two measurement blocks (22) approach each other and complete the measurement in the horizontal direction, before the arc-shaped rack (284) drives the gear set (285) to rotate again, the worm gear (361) and the transmission ring can be driven by the transmission component (36) to rotate by a unit angle, so that the measurement plate (1) can be rotated by a unit angle to achieve the settlement measurement in all directions. S4. Dust suppression treatment: After each time the two measurement blocks (22) approach each other, when the arc-shaped rack (284) is no longer engaged with the gear set (285), the measurement block (22) can be quickly moved back under the elastic force of the return spring (26) to realize the rapid separation of the two measurement blocks (22). Thus, under the action of inertia force, the piston plate (42) overcomes the elastic force of the first spring (43) to eject the pumped water, so that the dust in the air around the measurement position can be adsorbed by small water droplets and settle to the ground.

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