Self-adaptive flow measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive flow measuring device and method, and relates to the technical field of flow measurement, the self-adaptive flow measuring device comprises a shell detachably connected with a pipeline, one end, penetrating into the pipeline, of the shell is rotatably connected with a vertical rod, a power shaft is rotatably arranged on the vertical rod, and the axis of the power shaft coincides with the axis of the pipeline; at least one supporting rod is arranged on the power shaft, and a distance sensor for measuring the radius of the pipeline is fixed on the supporting rod; the device further comprises a flow velocity measuring mechanism which is arranged on the pipeline and used for measuring the flow velocity of liquid in the pipeline. The device can conveniently measure the inner diameter of the pipeline, so that the sectional area of the pipeline bonded with scale is obtained, and the device adapts to flow measurement work after the sectional area of the pipeline is changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flow measurement, and particularly relates to an adaptive flow measurement device and a measurement method. Background Art

[0002] The flow detection of water supply pipelines is a key link in urban water management, efficient utilization of water resources, and safe operation of pipe networks. Its technological development is closely combined with the needs of intelligent water services, water-saving policies, and industrial automation. In the past decade, with the rise of intelligent water services, flow detection has become not only a metering tool but also a data source for pipe network modeling and leakage control. By monitoring the flow rate, cities can accurately locate and repair hidden leakage points every year, reducing the waste of hundreds of thousands of tons of water resources. In the event of a sudden pipe burst, the monitoring of sudden changes in the flow rate can trigger the valve closing command in a timely manner, greatly reducing the scope of water supply interruption.

[0003] The patent with the publication number of CN 217930472 U discloses a standard flowmeter assembly for calibrating a flowmeter, including a clamping mechanism, a mounting mechanism, and two external clamp ultrasonic flowmeter transceivers. The two external clamp ultrasonic flowmeter transceivers are movably installed on the mounting mechanism. The mounting mechanism is fixed on the outer surface of the pipeline through the two clamping mechanisms. The mounting mechanism is parallel to the axis of the pipeline. The clamping mechanism includes a stop bar, a support bar, and an adjusting arm. The stop bar is perpendicularly and fixedly connected to the support bar. The adjusting arm is perpendicular to the support bar. The stop bar and the adjusting arm are respectively located on both sides of the pipeline.

[0004] However, the above device still has the following problems: Most of the existing flowmeters calculate the flow rate in the pipeline by measuring the flow velocity of the water in the pipeline and then combining with the pipe diameter. However, after the pipeline has been used for a long time, scale, adhesion of water scale, pipeline deformation, and debris deposition at the bottom occur inside the metal pipeline, which easily leads to changes in the pipe diameter. At this time, if the flow rate is still calculated according to the initial pipe diameter, the calculated flow rate will be inaccurate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, an adaptive flow measurement device and a measurement method are provided.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: The present invention provides an adaptive flow measurement device, including a housing detachably connected to a pipeline. One end of the housing inserted into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a vertical rod. A power shaft is rotatably arranged on the vertical rod. The axis of the power shaft coincides with the axis of the pipeline. At least one support rod is arranged on the power shaft. A distance sensor for measuring the radius of the pipeline is fixed on the support rod. The device further includes a flow velocity measurement mechanism arranged on the pipeline for measuring the flow velocity of the liquid in the pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, a rotating block is rotatably connected to one end of the housing that penetrates into the pipeline. A power member for driving the rotating block to rotate is provided on the housing. The power shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating block, and the support rod is rotatably connected to the power shaft.

[0008] Preferably, a gear is fixed to one end of the power shaft after the power shaft penetrates into the rotating block. An undercut gear is rotatably connected in the rotating block. The undercut gear is directly connected to a motor. The undercut gear meshes with the gear. The rotating block is slidably connected with a plurality of insertion rods through a compression spring. The insertion rods can slide into the space between adjacent teeth of the gear to lock the rotation of the gear.

[0009] Preferably, a flow deflector is rotatably connected to the vertical rod. At least one wing plate is rotatably connected to the flow deflector. The wing plate and the flow deflector are connected by a torsion spring. The flow deflector is connected to the power member.

[0010] Preferably, a first gear is fixed to the rotating shaft of the rotating block, and a second gear is fixed to the rotating shaft of the flow deflector. The power member is a rack. The rack meshes with the first gear and the second gear. An electric push rod is fixed inside the housing. One end of the rack is fixed to the electric push rod.

[0011] Preferably, a locking bolt for locking the rotation of the vertical rod is provided on the housing. The upper end of the vertical rod penetrates through the housing and is fixed with an indicating head. A scale line corresponding to the indicating head is provided at the upper end of the housing.

[0012] An adaptive flow measurement method, using the above-mentioned adaptive flow measurement device, includes the following steps: S1: Determine the lowering depth of the housing according to the outer diameter of the pipeline to be measured, and install the housing on the pipeline; S2: Control the power member to drive the power shaft and the flow deflector to unfold, so that the power shaft rotates out and is coaxial with the pipeline, and then fix the housing to the pipeline; S3: The distance sensor rotates intermittently around the circumference. After each rotation to an angle, the distance sensor measures the distance from its probe to the pipeline wall, and adds the length from the probe to the axis position of the power shaft to obtain the radius at this position. At the same time, record the angle values corresponding to the radii of two adjacent times, and divide the pipeline cross-section into n fan-shaped regions; S4: Approximate the fan-shaped region as a triangle. According to the lengths and included angles of adjacent radii, calculate the area of each triangle. The sum of the areas of each triangle is the cross-sectional area of the pipeline. The flow velocity measuring mechanism measures the fluid flow velocity and the cross-sectional area of the pipeline to obtain the flow rate of the pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, in S3, the angles of the intermittent rotation of the distance sensor are the same.

[0014] Preferably, in S4, the sine area formula is used to calculate the area of each triangle, and the formula is as follows: S i =1 / 2 × R i × R i+1 × sinθ (1); Wherein, S i represents the area of the i th triangle, R i represents the distance from the axis of the power shaft to the pipe wall measured in the i th measurement, θ is the i th measurement and the i+1 th measurement between the included angle; R i The calculation formula of is as follows: R i =e+r i (2); Wherein, e is a constant, and the value is the distance from the sensor probe to the axis position of the power shaft, r i is the i th measurement of the distance from the sensor probe to the inner wall of the pipe; By accumulating the areas of each triangle, the cross-sectional area of the pipe is obtained, and the formula is as follows: (3); Wherein, A represents the cross-sectional area of the pipe at the measurement location; According to the fluid flow rate measured by the flow rate measuring mechanism, the flow rate of the cross-sectional area is calculated by the following formula: Q 实 = A × V (4); Wherein, Q 实 is the flow rate, V is the flow velocity.

[0015] Preferably, in S3, it further includes a time control switch, and the motor is periodically turned on and off through the time control switch.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this application, a distance sensor is rotatably connected to a vertical rod, enabling the distance sensor to rotate around a certain cross-section of the pipeline. During the rotation process, the distance from the probe of the distance sensor to the closure is measured, thereby obtaining the radius of each position of a certain cross-section of the pipeline. By comparing with the original pipeline radius value, the overall scale deposit adhesion situation on the inner wall of the pipeline can be obtained, which is conducive for the staff to judge the change of the pipeline diameter, reasonably arrange the maintenance and repair work of the pipeline, optimize the allocation of maintenance resources, improve the maintenance efficiency, and extend the service life of the pipeline.

[0017] In this application, by measuring the radii at multiple positions inside the pipeline, in the case of obstacles or pipeline deformation resulting in radius changes, through the conversion of a mathematical model, a pipeline cross-sectional area close to the actual situation is obtained to correct the theoretical cross-sectional area of the pipeline, so as to adapt to the flow measurement work after the change of the pipeline cross-sectional area, provide more accurate pipeline cross-sectional area parameters for flow calculation, and thus obtain a more accurate flow rate, realizing the leap from "theoretical value" to "practical value".

[0018] In this application, a rotating block rotates below the vertical rod, a support rod for fixing the sensor rotates on the power shaft, and at the same time, the guide plate is also rotatably connected to the vertical rod, enabling the support rod to rotate into the power shaft, the power shaft to rotate along with the rotating block to the axial direction of the vertical rod, and at the same time enabling the guide plate to rotate to the axial direction of the vertical rod. At this time, the volume of the entire device is greatly reduced, and only a small hole needs to be opened for installation during pipeline installation. At the same time, it is small and compact and convenient to carry. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, where: Figure 1 is the overall three-dimensional view of the present invention; Figure 2 is the overall front view of the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating block in Figure 4 is Figure 3 the cross-sectional view of section A-A in (gear ratio one); Figure 5 is Figure 3 the cross-sectional view of section A-A in (gear ratio two); Figure 6 is the installation schematic diagram of the present invention (method one); Figure 7 is the installation schematic diagram of the present invention (method two); Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the overall storage of the present invention; Figure 9It is a line graph of the actual application data of the present invention.

[0020] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Housing; 2. Vertical rod; 3. Power shaft; 4. Support rod; 5. Rotating block; 6. Gear; 7. Toothless gear; 8. Plug rod; 9. Deflector; 10. Wing plate; 11. Locking bolt; 12. Rack; 13. First gear; 14. Second gear; 15. Motor; 16. Cam; 17. Switch; 18. Flow velocity measuring mechanism; 19. First magnet; 20. Second magnet; 21. Pipeline. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0022] As Figures 1 - 9 shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive flow measurement device, which includes a housing 1 detachably connected to a pipeline. One end of the housing 1 penetrating into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a vertical rod 2. A power shaft 3 is rotatably arranged on the vertical rod 2. The axis of the power shaft 3 coincides with the axis of the pipeline. At least one support rod 4 is arranged on the power shaft 3, and a distance sensor for measuring the radius of the pipeline is fixed on the support rod 4; it further includes a flow velocity measuring mechanism 18, which is arranged on the pipeline and used for measuring the flow velocity of the liquid in the pipeline.

[0023] This device is arranged in the pipeline of a long straight pipe. The fluid flow state in the long straight pipe is generally relatively stable and the flow velocity distribution is uniform. At the same time, the situation of scale adhesion or crusting on the pipe wall changes little in the axial direction of the long straight pipe. Therefore, the measurement accuracy can be improved in the long straight pipe and the accuracy of the data can be enhanced.

[0024] The distance sensor adopts an ultrasonic rangefinder or a laser rangefinder.

[0025] When the inner diameter of the pipeline is small and the distance sensor is close to the pipe wall, at this time, the influence of the water flow velocity on the ultrasonic rangefinder is small, and the ultrasonic rangefinder can be used as the distance sensor.

[0026] The flow velocity measuring mechanism 18 adopts an electromagnetic flow velocity measuring device or an ultrasonic flow velocity measuring device.

[0027] Principle of the electromagnetic flow velocity measuring device: According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, when a conductive liquid cuts the magnetic induction line, an induced electromotive force is generated, and the electromotive force is proportional to the flow velocity.

[0028] The installation position of the electromagnetic flow velocity measuring device is as Figure 6 shown.

[0029] When using an electromagnetic flow velocity measuring device, when the velocity measuring device is installed upstream of the housing 1, the distance is twice the diameter of the pipeline to be measured; when the velocity measuring device is installed downstream of the housing 1, the distance is five times the diameter of the pipeline to be measured.

[0030] Principle of ultrasonic flow velocity measuring device: Utilize the relationship between the propagation speed of ultrasonic signals and the flow velocity of the fluid. It usually consists of a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter emits high-frequency ultrasonic signals, and the signals propagate in the fluid and are received by the receiver. By measuring the time difference of the signals propagating in the fluid, the flow velocity of the fluid can be calculated. The flow velocity is calculated using the time difference of ultrasonic propagation in the fluid (time difference method) or the Doppler effect (Doppler method).

[0031] The installation position of the ultrasonic flow velocity measurement is as Figure 7 shown.

[0032] When using an ultrasonic flow velocity measuring device to measure the speed, when the velocity measuring device is installed upstream of the housing 1, the distance is five times the diameter of the pipeline to be measured; when the velocity measuring device is installed downstream of the housing 1, the distance is ten times the diameter of the pipeline to be measured.

[0033] One end of the housing 1 penetrating into the pipeline is rotatably connected with a rotating block 5. A power member for driving the rotation of the rotating block 5 is arranged on the housing 1. The power shaft 3 is rotatably connected with the rotating block 5, and the support rod 4 is rotatably connected with the power shaft 3.

[0034] By rotating the rotating block 5, the power shaft 3 changes from being parallel to the axis direction of the housing 1 to being perpendicular to the axis direction of the housing 1, and then the support rod 4 is rotated out from the power shaft 3, thereby realizing the deployment and storage of the support rod 4. The volume of the entire device can be reduced, which is convenient to be placed into the pipeline, and at the same time, the diameter of the pipeline opening during installation can be reduced.

[0035] A motor is fixed inside the power shaft 3, a worm is coaxially fixed to the motor, and a worm gear matched with the worm is fixed to the support rod. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, the worm drives the worm gear to rotate, enabling the support rod 4 to be rotated out from or stored in the power shaft 3.

[0036] A first magnet 19 is also fixed on the power shaft 3, a second magnet 20 is fixed below the housing 1, and the rotating block 5 is adsorbed by the second magnet 20 after being deployed, and the support rod 4 is adsorbed by the first magnet 19 after being deployed.

[0037] Through the adsorption of the first magnet 19 and the second magnet 20, the supporting effect of the rotating block 5 and the support rod 4 can be enhanced, the shaking caused by water flow impact can be reduced, and the stability can be improved.

[0038] One end of the power shaft 3 penetrates into the rotating block 5 and is fixed with a gear 6. A toothless gear 7 is rotatably connected inside the rotating block 5. The toothless gear 7 is directly connected to a motor 15. The toothless gear 7 meshes with the gear 6. The rotating block 5 is slidably connected with a plurality of insertion rods 8 through compression springs. The insertion rods 8 can slide into the adjacent teeth of the gear 6 to lock the rotation of the gear 6.

[0039] The motor 15 drives the toothless gear 7 to continuously rotate. Each time the toothless gear 7 meshes with the gear 6, it can drive the gear 6 to rotate a certain angle, and the gear 6 then drives the power shaft 3 to rotate intermittently.

[0040] One end of the compression spring is fixed to the rotating block 5, and the other end is fixed to the insertion rod 8. The elastic force of the compression spring can make the insertion rod 8 slide into the adjacent tooth spaces of the gear 6. One end of the insertion rod 8 is a slope. When the gear 6 rotates, the slope can drive the insertion rod 8 to repeatedly slide into the adjacent tooth spaces on the gear 6, and the insertion rod 8 makes the gear 6 only rotatable in one direction.

[0041] By arranging a plurality of insertion rods 8, precise locking can be carried out after each rotation of the gear 6 to prevent the gear 6 from shaking under the influence of water flow.

[0042] The sum of the elastic forces of the compression springs connected to the plurality of insertion rods 8 is greater than the gravity of the support rod 4.

[0043] The toothless gear 7 is coaxially fixed with a cam 16. A switch 17 that cooperates with the cam 16 is fixed inside the rotating block 5. The switch 17 is electrically connected to a distance sensor.

[0044] The switch 17 is specifically a push-button spring switch. The push-button spring switch usually consists of a push button, a spring, a fixed seat, and a conductive contact. The push button is usually made of plastic or metal and has certain pressing performance and mechanical strength. The function of the spring is to make the button automatically reset and ensure the elasticity of pressing. The fixed seat is used to fix the button and the spring to ensure that their positions do not change. The conductive contact is the key part connecting the circuit. By pressing the button, the contact connects or disconnects the circuit, thus realizing the function of the switch.

[0045] The cam 16 and the toothed part of the toothless gear 7 are arranged staggered. The cam 16 is arranged behind the rotating direction of the toothed part of the toothless gear 7. That is, when the toothless gear 7 meshes with the gear 6, the cam 16 and the switch 17 do not squeeze the switch 17. After the toothless gear 7 disengages from the gear 6, the cam 16 starts to squeeze the switch 17.

[0046] The cam 16 rotates following the toothless gear 7. After the toothless gear 7 drives the gear 6 to rotate an angle, the cam 16 starts to press the switch 17 to make the switch 17 energized once, so that the distance sensor is energized to detect the distance once and record it.

[0047] By changing the number of teeth of the toothless gear 7 and the gear 6, the angle of each intermittent rotation of the gear 6 can be changed, and thus different numbers of equal parts can be divided for the pipeline, improving the applicability.

[0048] When the number of teeth of the gear 6 remains unchanged, the fewer the number of teeth of the toothless gear 7, the smaller the rotation angle of the gear 6 each time, which is suitable for measuring large-diameter pipelines. The more the number of teeth of the toothless gear 7, the larger the rotation angle of the gear 6 each time, which is suitable for measuring small-diameter pipelines.

[0049] Or when the number of teeth of the toothless gear 7 remains unchanged and the pitch circle of the toothless gear 7 corresponds to the pitch circle of the gear 6, and the number of teeth of the gear 6 is increased. The more the number of teeth of the gear 6, the smaller the rotation angle of the gear 6 each time, which is suitable for measuring large-diameter pipelines. The fewer the number of teeth of the gear 6, the larger the rotation angle of the gear 6 each time, which is suitable for measuring small-diameter pipelines.

[0050] When the pipe diameter is small, the rotation angle of the gear 6 each time can be appropriately increased. When the pipe diameter is large, the rotation angle of the gear 6 each time can be appropriately decreased.

[0051] It is also possible to change the rotation angle of the gear 6 each time by setting a speed reduction mechanism between the toothless gear 7 and the gear 6.

[0052] A deflector 9 is rotatably mounted on the vertical rod 2, and at least one wing plate 10 is rotatably mounted on the deflector 9. The wing plate 10 is connected to the deflector 9 by a torsion spring, and the deflector 9 is connected to a power member.

[0053] During storage, the wing plate 10 is perpendicular to the axis direction of the vertical rod 2. When the housing 1 is placed into the pipeline through the pipeline opening, the wing plate 10 rotates through manual extrusion or the extrusion of the pipeline opening, and the torsion spring winds up and stores energy. When it enters the pipeline interior, the torsion spring releases the elastic force and drives the wing plate 10 to unfold again.

[0054] When the housing 1 is pulled out, the wing plate 10 rotates under the extrusion of the pipeline and becomes parallel to the axis direction of the vertical rod 2, which is convenient for pulling out.

[0055] After the vertical rod 2 is placed into the pipeline through the deflector 9 and the wing plate 10, the water flow impacts the deflector 9 and the wing plate 10, making the deflector 9 approach parallel to the water flow direction, which can assist the installer to determine the water flow direction in the pipeline and is beneficial to the correct installation angle of the entire device.

[0056] A first gear 13 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating block 5, a second gear 14 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the deflector 9, the power member is a rack 12, and the rack 12 meshes with the first gear 13 and the second gear 14. An electric push rod is fixed inside the housing 1, and one end of the rack 12 is fixed to the electric push rod.

[0057] Both ends of the rack 12 are provided with teeth. The two ends of the rack 12 are respectively engaged with the first gear 13 and the second gear 14. By controlling the electric push rod to push the rack 12 to slide, the unfolding and storage of the rotating block 5 and the diversion plate 9 are realized.

[0058] A locking bolt 11 for locking the rotation of the vertical rod 2 is arranged on the housing 1. The upper end of the vertical rod 2 passes through the housing 1 to fix the indicating head. A scale line corresponding to the indicating head is arranged at the upper end of the housing 1.

[0059] The general water flow direction is determined by the diversion plate 9. Further, the vertical rod 2 is finely adjusted by rotating the indicating head. After the adjustment is completed, the rotation of the vertical rod 2 is tightly locked by the locking bolt 11.

[0060] An adaptive flow measurement method, using the above-mentioned adaptive flow measurement device, includes the following steps: S1: According to the outer diameter of the pipeline to be measured, determine the lowering depth of the housing 1, and install the housing 1 on the pipeline; By drilling holes in the pipeline 21 and welding pipeline flanges on the pipeline 21, at the same time, an installation flange corresponding to the pipeline flange is slidably connected to the housing 1. A fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the installation flange. After the installation flange and the pipeline flange are bolted and fixed, the fastening bolt is loosened, and the housing 1 and the installation flange can slide relative to each other, thereby adjusting the depth of the housing 1 lowered into the pipeline; at the same time, a flow velocity measuring mechanism 18 is installed at a suitable position on the pipeline.

[0061] A sealing gasket is provided between the housing 1 and the installation flange.

[0062] S2: Control the power component to drive the power shaft 3 and the diversion plate 9 to unfold, so that the power shaft 3 rotates out and is coaxial with the pipeline, and fix the housing 1 and the pipeline; After the housing 1 is installed, the electric push rod is energized to extend, pushing the rack 12 to slide. The two ends of the rack 12 are respectively engaged with the first gear 13 and the second gear 14. The electric push rod pushes the rack 12 to slide, realizing the unfolding of the rotating block 5 and the diversion plate 9.

[0063] The motor is energized to rotate forward, and the worm drives the worm gear to rotate, enabling the support rod 4 to rotate out of the power shaft 3.

[0064] S3: The distance sensor rotates intermittently around the circumference. Each time it rotates to an angle, the distance sensor measures the distance from its probe to the pipeline wall, and adds the length from the probe to the axis position of the power shaft 3 to obtain the radius at this position. At the same time, the angle values corresponding to the adjacent two radii are recorded, and the pipeline cross-section is divided into n fan-shaped areas; The motor 15 is powered on and rotates, driving the toothless gear 7 to rotate. The toothless gear 7 starts to intermittently mesh with the gear 6. Each time they mesh, the gear 6 can be driven to rotate a certain angle, and then the gear 6 drives the power shaft 3 to rotate intermittently. The cam 16 rotates following the toothless gear 7. After the toothless gear 7 drives the gear 6 to rotate an angle, the cam 16 starts to press the switch 17, making the switch 17 powered on once, so that the distance sensor is powered on to detect the distance once and record it.

[0065] S4: Approximate the fan-shaped area as a triangle. According to the lengths and included angles of adjacent radii, calculate the area of each triangle. The sum of the areas of each triangle gives the cross-sectional area of the pipeline. The flow velocity measuring mechanism 18 measures the fluid flow velocity and the cross-sectional area of the pipeline to obtain the flow rate of the pipeline.

[0066] In S3, the angles of intermittent rotation of the distance sensor are the same.

[0067] In S4, the sine area formula is used to calculate the area of each triangle. The formula is as follows: S i =1 / 2 × R i × R i+1 × sinθ (1); Among them, S i represents the area of the i th triangle, R i represents the distance from the axis of the power shaft 3 to the pipeline wall obtained from the i th measurement, θ is the included angle between the i th measurement and the i+1 th measurement; R i The calculation formula of R i =e+r i (2); Among them, e is a constant, and its value is the distance from the sensor probe to the axis position of the power shaft 3, r i is the value from the distance sensor probe to the inner wall of the pipe obtained from the i th measurement; By accumulating the areas of each triangle, the cross-sectional area of the pipeline is obtained. The formula is as follows: (3); Among them, A represents the cross-sectional area at the pipeline measurement location; According to the fluid velocity measured by the flow velocity measuring mechanism 18, the flow rate of this cross-sectional area is calculated by multiplying it with the pipeline cross-sectional area. The formula is as follows: Q 实 = A × V (4); Among them, Q 实 is the flow rate, V is the flow velocity.

[0068] In S3, it also includes a time-controlled switch, which realizes the timed on-off of the motor 15 through the time-controlled switch.

[0069] The timed on-off of the motor is realized through the time-controlled switch, so that the power shaft 3 drives the distance sensor to detect once every once in a while.

[0070] The working principle of the time-controlled switch is to use a timer to control the opening and closing of the switch, and to control the start and stop of the motor by setting a specific time. The main parts of the time-controlled switch include a timer, a relay, and a switch. When the timer counts to the set time, the relay will automatically switch the state of the switch, thereby controlling the start and stop of the electrical appliance. Due to the high precision of the timer, very precise timing control can be achieved.

[0071] Practical application: When this device is used on a pipeline with an initial inner diameter of 600 mm , that is, the pipeline radius is 0.3m , and the flow velocity V within a certain period of time in the pipeline is 3 m / s , when there is no scale adhered to the inner wall of the pipeline, that is, the theoretical cross-sectional area of the pipeline S 圆 is π × 0.3m × 0.3m= 0.28m 2 Substituting it into the flow rate calculation formula, we get Q 圆 = S 圆 × V = 0.84 m 3 / s .

[0072] When measuring the actual radius inside the pipeline, the distance sensor is rotated 10° each time to measure the pipeline radius to obtain R i , and R 1 ~ R36 Thirty-six values such as, for details of which, see the appendix Figure 9 , where the abscissa in the figure is the rotation angle. Generally, the top of the cross-section is set as the initial position, and the angle of the initial position is 0° , and the ordinate is the value of the pipe radius, with the unit of m .

[0073] Substitute the values into the sine area formula to calculate the area of each triangle, S i =1 / 2 × R i × R i+1 × sinθ ; where θ is 10°, R 1 =0.289，R 2 =0.290， Calculated to obtain S 1 ≈0.00722m 2 ； R 2 =0.290，R 3 =0.289， Calculated to obtain S 2 ≈0.00728m 2 ； And so on... R 36 =0.290，R 37 =R 1 =0.289， Calculated to obtain S 36 ≈0.00717m 2 .

[0074] Accumulate the areas of the triangles to obtain the actual cross-sectional area of the pipe A The value of which is 0.2638 m 2 , and after rounding to two decimal places, it is 0.26m 2 , when the flow velocity in the pipe V is still 3m / s, it is obtained that Q 实 = A × V = 0.78 m3 / s。

[0075] After the flow rate is detected, it is calculated according to the measured pipe diameter, and the flow rate is 0.78m 3 / s , if the initial pipe diameter is still used for calculation, the theoretical flow rate in the pipe is 0.84m 3 / s , there is a certain difference between the two values, and this device provides great help for flow rate correction.

[0076] The original pipe diameter is a fixed value and cannot reflect the dynamic changes of the cross-section during the use of the pipeline (such as the cross-section shrinking due to the annual deposition of scale); while the multi-point measurement method can be measured regularly. By comparing the cross-sectional areas at different times, the development trend of blockage can be quantified, providing a basis for preventive maintenance (such as planning the dredging cycle in advance).

[0077] At the same time, the pipeline may be deformed due to installation errors, external force extrusion or long-term use (such as ovalization). The original pipe diameter assumes that the cross-section is a standard circle, and there may be debris deposition after long-term use of the pipeline. The multi-point measurement method can calculate the true area of non-circular cross-sections (such as ellipses, irregular polygons, etc.) through the differences in radii at various angles, can adapt to a variety of different pipe inner walls, reduce the calculation deviation caused by morphological changes, correct the cross-sectional area of the pipeline, and achieve an accurate mapping from "design ideal" to "operation reality". Especially in scenarios where the pipeline is aging and the working conditions are complex, it can provide more reliable data support for flow management, energy efficiency optimization, and fault diagnosis.

[0078] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive flow measurement device, comprising a housing (1) detachably connected to a pipeline, characterized in that, One end of the housing (1) inserted into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a vertical rod (2). A power shaft (3) is rotatably mounted on the vertical rod (2). The axis of the power shaft (3) coincides with the axis of the pipeline. At least one support rod (4) is arranged on the power shaft (3). A distance sensor for measuring the radius of the pipeline is fixed on the support rod (4). Further included is a flow velocity measuring mechanism (18) arranged on the pipeline for measuring the flow velocity of the liquid in the pipeline.

2. The adaptive flow measurement device according to claim 1, wherein One end of the housing (1) inserted into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a rotating block (5). A power member for driving the rotation of the rotating block (5) is arranged on the housing (1). The power shaft (3) is rotatably connected to the rotating block (5). The support rod (4) is rotatably connected to the power shaft (3).

3. An adaptive flow measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the power shaft (3) penetrates into the rotating block (5) and is fixed with a gear (6). An incomplete gear (7) is rotatably connected in the rotating block (5). The incomplete gear (7) is directly connected to a motor (15). The incomplete gear (7) meshes with the gear (6). The rotating block (5) is slidably connected with a plurality of insertion rods (8) through a compression spring. The insertion rods (8) can slide into the space between adjacent teeth of the gear (6) to lock the rotation of the gear (6).

4. An adaptive flow measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A flow deflector (9) is rotatably mounted on the vertical rod (2). At least one wing plate (10) is rotatably mounted on the flow deflector (9). The wing plate (10) and the flow deflector (9) are connected by a torsion spring. The flow deflector (9) is connected to the power member.

5. An adaptive flow measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first gear (13) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating block (5). A second gear (14) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the flow deflector (9). The power member is a rack (12). The rack (12) meshes with the first gear (13) and the second gear (14). An electric push rod is fixed inside the housing (1). One end of the rack (12) is fixed to the electric push rod.

6. An adaptive flow measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A locking bolt (11) for locking the rotation of the vertical rod (2) is arranged on the housing (1). The upper end of the vertical rod (2) penetrates out of the housing (1) and is fixed with an indicating head. A scale line corresponding to the indicating head is arranged at the upper end of the housing (1).

7. An adaptive flow measurement method, using the adaptive flow measurement device according to any one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: Determine the lowering depth of the housing (1) according to the outer diameter of the pipeline to be measured, and install the housing (1) on the pipeline. S2: Control the power member to drive the power shaft (3) and the flow deflector (9) to unfold, so that the power shaft (3) rotates out and is coaxial with the pipeline, and then fix the housing (1) to the pipeline. S3: The distance sensor rotates intermittently around the circumference. After each rotation to an angle, the distance sensor measures the distance from its probe to the pipeline wall, and adds the length from the probe to the axis position of the power shaft (3) to obtain the radius at this position. At the same time, record the angular values corresponding to the radii of two adjacent times, and divide the pipeline cross-section into n fan-shaped areas. S4: Approximate the sector region as a triangle, calculate the area of each triangle based on the lengths and included angles of adjacent radii, sum up the areas of each triangle to obtain the cross-sectional area of the pipeline, measure the fluid velocity with the flow velocity measuring mechanism (18), and obtain the flow rate of the pipeline based on the cross-sectional area of the pipeline.

8. An adaptive flow measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that In the above S3, the angles of the intermittent rotation of the distance sensor are the same.

9. The adaptive flow measurement method according to claim 8, wherein In the above S4, use the sine area formula to calculate the area of each triangle, and the formula is as follows: S i =1 / 2 × R i × R i+1 × sinθ （1）； Among them, S i represents the area of the i th triangle, R i represents the distance from the axis of the power shaft (3) to the pipe wall obtained from the i th measurement, θ is the angle between the i th measurement and the i+1 th measurement; R i The calculation formula is as follows: R i =e+r i （2）； Among them, e is a constant, and its value is the distance from the sensor probe to the axis position of the power shaft (3). r i is the i value of the distance from the distance sensor probe to the inner wall of the pipe obtained from the By accumulating the areas of each triangle, the cross-sectional area of the pipeline is obtained, and the formula is as follows: （3）； Among them, A represents the cross-sectional area at the pipe measurement location; Based on the fluid velocity measured by the flow velocity measuring mechanism (18), calculate the flow rate of the cross-sectional area by calculating with the cross-sectional area of the pipeline, and the formula is as follows: Q 实 = A × V （4）； Among them, Q 实 is the flow rate, V is the flow velocity.

10. An adaptive flow measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that In S3, it also includes a time control switch, and the time control switch is used to achieve the timed on and off of the motor (15).

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