Equipment and method for detecting underground deep target body by using orthogonal electromagnetic mode
Through the orthogonal electromagnetic mode detection method of dipole antenna transmitter and receiver, the efficient and accurate detection problem of deep underground target bodies in complex environments is solved, and high-precision underground target bodies recognition and geological exploration support are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510306727.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-22
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively suppress useless signals and interference in complex environments, and achieve efficient and accurate detection of deep underground target bodies.
The dipole antenna transmitter and receiver are used to use the orthogonal electromagnetic mode to transmit sinusoidal signals through the ring magnetic antenna and receive three-dimensional vector magnetic field signals and electric field component signals. Combined with the spatial information conversion strategy, the phase difference and amplitude ratio are collected and analyzed to identify the underground target body.
It realizes high-precision detection of deep underground target bodies in complex environments, can identify depths up to 150 meters, significantly eliminate layered boundary interference, improve detection accuracy and stability, and is suitable for geological exploration and urban planning.
Smart Images
Figure CN120352934A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of underground target detection, and particularly relates to a device and method for detecting deep underground target bodies by using orthogonal electromagnetic modes in this field. Background Art
[0002] The fine detection of urban underground space is of extremely important significance in today's society. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, underground space is widely used in the construction of various facilities, such as subways, air-raid shelters, underground pipelines, etc. However, over time, during the construction and use of these underground facilities, due to equipment aging and external factors, the risk of accidents is relatively high, posing a serious threat to urban safety and residents' lives.
[0003] The fine detection of urban underground space can timely discover potential hazards of underground targets, thus effectively guaranteeing the life and property safety of urban residents. Through high-precision detection technology, the position and nature of underground target bodies can be accurately identified, providing strong support for subsequent repair work.
[0004] The fine detection of urban underground space is also of great significance for urban construction and planning. During the urban construction process, it is necessary to fully understand the distribution and condition of underground space to avoid damaging or affecting underground facilities. Through fine detection, detailed underground space information can be obtained, providing a scientific basis for urban construction and planning.
[0005] The fine detection of urban underground space also helps to improve the urban defense ability and the ability to respond to emergencies. In emergency situations such as war or natural disasters, underground space often becomes an important shelter and defense fortification. Through fine detection, underground fortifications can be timely discovered and strengthened, improving the urban defense ability and the ability to respond to emergencies.
[0006] The fine detection of urban underground space is of great significance in aspects such as ensuring the safety of urban residents, promoting urban construction and planning, and improving the urban defense ability. Therefore, efforts should be increased in the research and development and application of fine detection technologies for urban underground space to provide strong guarantee for the safety and development of cities. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for detecting deep underground target bodies by using orthogonal electromagnetic modes, which can not only effectively suppress useless signals and interference in complex environments, but also realize the efficient and accurate detection and identification of deep underground target bodies through a unique spatial information conversion strategy, and can provide strong technical support for multiple fields such as geological exploration, urban underground space planning, and unexploded ordnance detection.
[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An apparatus for detecting deep underground targets using orthogonal electromagnetic modes, the improvement lies in: including a dipole antenna transmitter and a dipole antenna receiver. The dipole antenna transmitter includes a triangular bracket, and the transmitting host is installed on the top of the triangular bracket through a ball bearing. An electromagnetic field excitation transmitting circuit is installed inside the transmitting host, and a circular magnetic antenna perpendicular to the ground is arranged outside the transmitting host, and the circular magnetic antenna is electrically connected to the output end of the electromagnetic field excitation transmitting circuit; the dipole antenna receiver includes a triangular bracket, and a receiving host is installed on the top of the triangular bracket. A receiving circuit is installed inside the receiving host, and a dipole magnetic antenna parallel to the ground is arranged outside the receiving host, and the dipole magnetic antenna is electrically connected to the input end of the receiving circuit. A whip telescopic antenna perpendicular to the ground is also installed on the top of the receiving host.
[0009] Furthermore, a circular bubble level, a power indicator, a power switching switch and a power switch are arranged on the outer shell of the transmitting host.
[0010] Furthermore, a control keyboard panel and a circular bubble level are arranged on the outer shell of the receiving host.
[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the whip telescopic antenna is installed on the top of the receiving host through an antenna base, and the whip telescopic antenna is hinged to the antenna base and can swing around the antenna base.
[0012] A method for detecting deep underground targets using orthogonal electromagnetic modes, using the above apparatus, the improvement lies in: For the area to be detected, a coordinate system is established with the detection origin as the coordinate origin, the detection profile is determined along the vertical ground, and the length of the profile and the detection depth are divided. According to the detection task, the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver are placed on both sides of the detection origin, and the centers of the circular magnetic antenna, the centers of the dipole magnetic antenna and the detection origin are on the same straight line, and the distances from the centers of the circular magnetic antenna and the centers of the dipole magnetic antenna to the detection origin are equal. Adjust the ball bearing of the dipole antenna transmitter to make the circular magnetic antenna perpendicular to the ground, and adjust the triangular bracket of the dipole antenna receiver to make the dipole magnetic antenna parallel to the ground. The dipole antenna transmitter emits a sine signal, the magnetic vector of the sine signal is perpendicular to the ground, and an alternating electromagnetic field is excited in the underground space. The dipole antenna receiver is responsible for receiving the three-dimensional vector magnetic field signal and the electric field component signal perpendicular to the ground in this electromagnetic field. After receiving the signal, collect the magnetic field data in the orthogonal direction, and use the electric field signal as a reference to obtain the phase difference, amplitude and amplitude ratio between the magnetic field component and the electric field component. Move the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver simultaneously along the length direction of the profile, so that the distances between the two and the detection origin gradually increase and always remain equal, and then perform induction detection in sequence at fixed intervals to form a set of phase and amplitude conversion curves.
[0013] Furthermore, the distance from the center of the loop magnetic antenna to the detection origin is greater than or equal to 0.5 meters and less than or equal to 50 meters.
[0014] Furthermore, set multiple dipole antenna receivers and one dipole antenna transmitter, with the positions of the dipole antenna receivers fixed and only the dipole antenna transmitter is moved.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The device disclosed by the present invention is particularly suitable for detecting target bodies in complex mountainous areas or urban underground environments. Using a single loop magnetic antenna as the emission source, it emits in the same plane, while the receiving end is arranged orthogonally to collect electromagnetic wave signals reflected underground in all directions. It can realize the detection of the layered structure of the surface strata, with a detection depth of more than 150 meters. Through the inversion method, the detailed layered conditions of the surface strata media can be accurately analyzed, especially the conductivity parameters of each layered medium, which is of great significance for geological exploration and the analysis of the layered structure of the surface media.
[0016] The method disclosed by the present invention can effectively extract key information from the collected orthogonal data of plane electromagnetic waves. These information are crucial for identifying the characteristics of deep underground target bodies. Particularly importantly, through the comprehensive analysis of the orthogonal data information, the interference and influence of layered boundaries (such as formation interfaces, rock layers, etc.) on the detection signals can be significantly eliminated, thereby greatly improving the detection accuracy and stability in complex environments.
[0017] The method disclosed by the present invention can receive orthogonal electromagnetic wave signals reflected by underground target bodies in all directions through the dipole antenna receiver. These signals are crucial for revealing the characteristics of the target bodies. By changing the distance between the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver, it innovatively uses the change in the spatial lateral distance to exchange for spatial longitudinal depth information, thereby realizing the fine detection of deep underground target bodies without increasing the detection difficulty.
[0018] The method disclosed by the present invention significantly improves the detection depth through optimizing the propagation path and reflection characteristic analysis of electromagnetic waves, providing an efficient and accurate new technical means for detecting underground target bodies in fields such as deep mineral resource exploration, underground space utilization, and urban infrastructure construction. It not only promotes the development of geophysical detection technology but also provides new ideas and solutions for solving detection problems in complex environments. Description of the Drawings
[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the dipole antenna transmitter disclosed by the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the dipole antenna receiver disclosed by the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of exciting an alternating electromagnetic field; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of simultaneously moving the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver along the length direction of the section; Figure 5 is a relative position diagram of a dedicated test site; Figure 6 is a measurement data diagram of Test 1; Figure 7 is a comprehensive measurement data diagram of Test 2. Specific embodiments
[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0021] Embodiment 1. This embodiment discloses a device for detecting deep underground target bodies using orthogonal electromagnetic modes, and designs an arrayed orthogonal reception method, aiming to effectively collect electromagnetic field information, and significantly suppress useless signals in space during this process to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the acquired data. The device includes a dipole antenna transmitter and a dipole antenna receiver. As Figure 1 shown, the dipole antenna transmitter includes a triangular support 11, and a transmitting main unit 13 is installed at the top of the triangular support through a ball bearing 12. An electromagnetic field excitation and transmission circuit is installed inside the transmitting main unit, and a circular magnetic antenna 14 perpendicular to the ground is arranged outside the transmitting main unit, and the circular magnetic antenna is electrically connected to the output end of the electromagnetic field excitation and transmission circuit; As Figure 2 shown, the dipole antenna receiver includes a triangular support 21, a receiving main unit 22 is installed at the top of the triangular support, a receiving circuit is installed inside the receiving main unit, a dipole magnetic antenna 23 parallel to the ground is arranged outside the receiving main unit, and the dipole magnetic antenna is electrically connected to the input end of the receiving circuit. A whip antenna perpendicular to the ground is also installed on the top of the receiving main unit.
[0022] The main technical parameters of the device are as follows: System frequency: 1 - 2 MHz; Detection depth: greater than 150 m; Detection accuracy: less than 5%; Operating frequency of the transmitter, 2.048 MHz; Receiver sensitivity not exceeding 10 μV / m; Power supply: Battery: 6.4 V for the receiver; 12.6 V for the transmitter; Weight of the transmitting antenna with power supply is 4.2 kg; Weight of the receiving antenna with power supply is 3.1 kg; Weight of the theodolite is 6.6 kg; Continuous on-site working time not less than 8 hours; Relative humidity not exceeding 90% at 400; Atmospheric pressure: 100 ± 2 kPa.
[0023] A circular bubble level, power indicator, power switching switch and power switch are provided on the outer shell of the transmitting host. A control keyboard panel and a circular bubble level are provided on the outer shell of the receiving host. The outer shells of the transmitting host and the receiving host are both shielded shells, which can play the role of electromagnetic shielding and avoiding the intrusion of atmospheric moisture.
[0024] The bottom of the whip antenna is installed on the top of the receiving host through an antenna base. The whip antenna is hinged to the antenna base and can swing around the antenna base, so that the whip antenna has a rotation angle of about 170 degrees relative to the plane of the dipole magnetic antenna.
[0025] Before the equipment is officially used, the following preparatory work needs to be done: (1) Install the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver on the triangular bracket; (2) Turn on the power supply of the transmitter; (3) Measure the power supply voltage values of the transmitter and the receiver: Receiver voltage (6.5 - 7.5) V; Transmitter voltage (12.2 - 13.2) V. If the battery voltage is lower than 6 V or 12 V, it needs to be charged first according to the requirements.
[0026] (4) Before starting the measurement work, turn on the transmitter and the receiver and preheat for about 3 minutes.
[0027] This embodiment also discloses a method for detecting deep underground target bodies using the orthogonal electromagnetic mode, especially for fine detection and identification of deep underground target bodies in complex environments. Using the above equipment, the specific steps are as follows: For the area to be detected, establish a coordinate system with the detection origin as the coordinate origin, determine the detection profile along the vertical ground, and divide the length of the profile and the detection depth; According to the detection task, place the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver on both sides of the detection origin, and make the centers of the circular magnetic antenna, the dipole magnetic antenna and the detection origin on the same straight line, and the distances from the centers of the circular magnetic antenna and the dipole magnetic antenna to the detection origin are equal; Adjust the ball bearings of the dipole antenna transmitter to make the loop magnetic antenna perpendicular to the ground, and adjust the triangular bracket of the dipole antenna receiver to make the dipole magnetic antenna parallel to the ground; it is necessary to ensure that the loop magnetic antenna and the dipole magnetic antenna are perpendicular to each other, and the dipole magnetic antenna is horizontal. The measured value depends on the detection distance (the distance between the transmitter and the receiver) at the center position of the transmitter. First, use a tape measure to divide the detection area into detection point pillars and profiles. To determine the position of the loop magnetic antenna on the ground, use the projection point of the dielectric sleeve of the loop magnetic antenna on the tape measure as the determination point. The horizontal position of the dipole magnetic antenna is calibrated by the circular bubble level on the receiver housing to achieve spatial levelness.
[0028] As Figure 3 shown, the dipole antenna transmitter emits a sine signal, the magnetic vector of which is perpendicular to the ground and excites an alternating electromagnetic field in the underground space. The dipole antenna receiver is responsible for receiving the three-dimensional vector magnetic field signal and the electric field component signal perpendicular to the ground in this electromagnetic field, so that the dipole antenna receiver can capture the comprehensive information of the electromagnetic field in the underground space.
[0029] After receiving the signal, collect the magnetic field data in the orthogonal direction, and use the electric field signal as a reference to obtain the phase difference, amplitude, and amplitude ratio between the magnetic field component and the electric field component; this phase difference, amplitude, and amplitude ratio contain the electromagnetic characteristic information of the underground target.
[0030] To understand the situation of the underground space more accurately, as Figure 4 shown, move the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver simultaneously along the length direction of the profile, so that the distances from both of them to the detection origin gradually increase and always remain equal, or set multiple dipole antenna receivers and one dipole antenna transmitter, the positions of each dipole antenna receiver are fixed, only move the dipole antenna transmitter, and then perform induction detection in sequence at fixed intervals. The depth h of the underground profile is proportional to the distance L between the antennas. With each movement of the transmitting and receiving antennas on the profile line, the distance between the antennas and the magnetic and electric components of the induced electromagnetic field are related. Collect the magnetic field and electric field information at multiple points to form a set of phase and amplitude conversion curves, which can reflect the position, shape, and electromagnetic characteristics of the underground target. By obtaining the field data at each position, establish the amplitude of the induced electromagnetic field versus the formation distribution depth map.
[0031] The distance from the center of the loop magnetic antenna and the center of the dipole magnetic antenna to the detection origin is greater than or equal to 0.5 meters and less than or equal to 50 meters, that is, the measurement distance starts from 1 meter until 100 meters. With each movement of the loop magnetic antenna and the dipole magnetic antenna on the profile line, the distance between the antennas and the vertical magnetic component Hz and the horizontal electric component Ex of the induced electromagnetic field, the phase difference Δφ, and the amplitude sum Σ are all recorded.
[0032] Test 1: A dedicated test site consists of 10 well groups numbered from 1 to 10, and their relative positions are as Figure 5 shown. Among them, boulders of different sizes are buried at a depth of 30 meters in Wells 1, 2, 3, and 4. A low-resistivity anomaly body with a size of about 1m * 1m * 3.0m is buried at a depth of about 20 meters in Well 8, and a low-resistivity anomaly body with a size of about 1m * 1m * 1.5m is buried at a depth of about 13 meters. Wells 6, 7, 9, and 10 are test wells for borehole electromagnetic wave imaging. The geological conditions in the test area are mainly loose rocks, and there is no obvious water system in the ground layer from 0 to 30m. The test data are as Figure 6 shown. At a depth of 12m - 14m, certain jumps occur in both the amplitude and phase of H / E. The same phenomenon also appears at 19m - 21m. The anomalies at these two locations are consistent with the depth positions of the pre-buried anomaly bodies in the early stage.
[0033] Test 2: Through comprehensive exploration of a certain dam, the dam body and the dam foundation are detected and analyzed to detect whether there are leakage channels in the core wall.
[0034] As can be seen from Figure 7 the measurement results, the overall trend fully conforms to the geological conditions of the reservoir from high resistivity to low resistivity, and clearly locates and reflects the leakage channels of the dam.
[0035] In summary, the method disclosed in this embodiment innovatively adopts a new multi-component detection technology, and the use of information between ground transceivers can greatly improve the detection depth and detection accuracy of deep underground targets.
Claims
1. An apparatus for detecting deep underground target bodies using orthogonal electromagnetic modes, characterized in that: It includes a dipole antenna transmitter and a dipole antenna receiver. The dipole antenna transmitter includes a triangular bracket. The transmitting main unit is installed at the top of the triangular bracket through a ball bearing. An electromagnetic field excitation transmitting circuit is installed inside the transmitting main unit. A circular magnetic antenna perpendicular to the ground is arranged outside the transmitting main unit, and the circular magnetic antenna is electrically connected to the output end of the electromagnetic field excitation transmitting circuit. The dipole antenna receiver includes a triangular bracket. A receiving main unit is installed at the top of the triangular bracket. A receiving circuit is installed inside the receiving main unit. A dipole magnetic antenna parallel to the ground is arranged outside the receiving main unit, and the dipole magnetic antenna is electrically connected to the input end of the receiving circuit. A whip antenna perpendicular to the ground is also installed at the top of the receiving main unit.
2. The device for detecting deep underground target bodies using orthogonal electromagnetic modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular bubble level, a power indicator, a power switching switch and a power switch are arranged on the outer shell of the transmitting main unit.
3. The device for detecting deep underground target bodies using orthogonal electromagnetic modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control keyboard panel and a circular bubble level are arranged on the outer shell of the receiving main unit.
4. The device for detecting deep underground target bodies using orthogonal electromagnetic modes according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the whip antenna is installed at the top of the receiving main unit through an antenna base. The whip antenna is hinged to the antenna base and can swing around the antenna base.
5. A method for detecting deep underground target bodies using orthogonal electromagnetic modes, using the device according to claim 1, characterized in that: For the area to be detected, a coordinate system is established with the detection origin as the coordinate origin. The detection profile is determined along the direction perpendicular to the ground, and the length of the profile and the detection depth are divided. According to the detection task, the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver are placed on both sides of the detection origin, and the centers of the circular magnetic antenna, the dipole magnetic antenna and the detection origin are on the same straight line, and the distances from the centers of the circular magnetic antenna and the dipole magnetic antenna to the detection origin are equal. Adjust the ball bearing of the dipole antenna transmitter to make the circular magnetic antenna perpendicular to the ground, and adjust the triangular bracket of the dipole antenna receiver to make the dipole magnetic antenna parallel to the ground. The dipole antenna transmitter emits a sine signal. The magnetic vector of this sine signal is perpendicular to the ground and excites an alternating electromagnetic field in the underground space. The dipole antenna receiver is responsible for receiving the three-dimensional vector magnetic field signal and the electric field component signal perpendicular to the ground in this electromagnetic field. After receiving the signal, collect the magnetic field data in the orthogonal directions, and use the electric field signal as a reference to obtain the phase difference, amplitude and amplitude ratio between the magnetic field component and the electric field component. Move the dipole antenna transmitter and the dipole antenna receiver simultaneously along the length direction of the profile, so that the distances from both of them to the detection origin gradually increase and always remain equal, and then perform induction detection in sequence at fixed intervals to form a set of phase and amplitude conversion curves.
6. The method for detecting deep underground target bodies using orthogonal electromagnetic modes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance from the center of the circular magnetic antenna to the center of the dipole magnetic antenna to the detection origin is greater than or equal to 0.5 meters and less than or equal to 50 meters.
7. The method for detecting deep underground target bodies by using orthogonal electromagnetic modes according to claim 5, characterized in that: Set multiple dipole antenna receivers and one dipole antenna transmitter. The positions of the dipole antenna receivers are fixed, and only the dipole antenna transmitter is moved.