Two-dimensional array optical waveguide with low cost and high quality

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional array optical waveguide with low cost and high quality. The two-dimensional array optical waveguide comprises a coupling-in module, a pupil expanding array module and a coupling-out array module, wherein every two of the coupling-in module, the pupil expanding array module and the coupling-out array module are connected through optical cement; the coupling-in module and the coupling-out array module are located on the left side and the right side of the pupil expanding array module. The coupling-in module is used for introducing light rays emitted by the two-dimensional light machine into the optical waveguide system, and adjusting the angle and direction of the light rays through a reflecting film so as to meet the total reflection condition and enter the pupil expanding array module; the pupil expansion array module is used for performing pupil expansion on the coupled light rays, so that the light rays are uniformly distributed in the optical waveguide; and the coupling-out array module is used for efficiently coupling out the pupil-expanded light from the optical waveguide to obtain a target image. The pupil expanding part is simple in design, the processing difficulty is greatly reduced, and the imaging effect is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical display and integrated photonics, and particularly relates to a two-dimensional array optical waveguide with low cost and high quality. Background Art

[0002] Array optical waveguide displays can be used in augmented reality (AR) devices to provide a more realistic visual experience. Current array optical waveguide solutions are mainly divided into two categories: one-dimensional array optical waveguides and two-dimensional array optical waveguides. Among them, the technology of one-dimensional array optical waveguides has gradually matured in recent years, and many manufacturers have started mass-producing corresponding products. However, the optical machine part of this product is bulky, which affects the customer experience.

[0003] The optical machine part of the two-dimensional array optical waveguide is relatively light, which is the best choice for future C-end customers. However, the current production yield of two-dimensional array optical waveguides is extremely low, and the mass production cost of two-dimensional array optical waveguides with high-quality imaging effects is relatively high. The following pain points generally exist in its design:

[0004] High-cost problem:

[0005] In the implementation of eyebox expansion in traditional two-dimensional array optical waveguides, a cascaded structure of multiple partial reflectors is usually required, as shown in Figure 1 As shown. Some designs that fully consider the requirements of the imaging grid sense require 20 to 40 partial reflectors to achieve relatively uniform light energy at various angles within the field of view (FOV), and the waveguide grid sense is slight. The processing cost of its substrate has increased significantly compared with that of one-dimensional array optical waveguides.

[0006] Due to the large number of partial reflectors required for eyebox expansion, the labor cost of optical glue has increased significantly. The surface shape differences of thin-film optical glue gradually accumulate with the number of optical glue applications. The more layers of optical glue are required, the longer the time spent.

[0007] Due to the large number of partial reflectors required for eyebox expansion, the cumulative error in the processing process has significantly reduced the yield, such as lens wear, film cracking, and demolding during the deepening of optical glue.

[0008] Low-quality problem:

[0009] In the implementation of Eyebox Expansion for traditional two-dimensional array optical waveguides, a cascaded structure of multiple layers of beam splitters is usually required. The intervals between the layers of beam splitters are usually consistent or of one or two sizes. The energy cannot be evenly distributed at each angle of the FOV, and the energy difference of the light rays at each angle incident on the pupil always exists. Through appropriate design, the grid sense of the traditional two-dimensional array optical waveguide can be reduced, but the cost is relatively increased and the yield is relatively reduced. Therefore, the grid sense of the traditional two-dimensional array optical waveguide that comprehensively considers production cost and imaging effect is usually stronger than that of the one-dimensional array optical waveguide, which has a greater impact on the comfort of users.

[0010] The Eyebox Expansion of traditional two-dimensional array optical waveguides usually relies on multiple layers of partial reflectors. Due to the accumulation of the surface profiles of each substrate, the optical glue application on the subsequent substrates becomes more difficult. Usually, it requires multiple manual repairs or ion beam etching to activate the surface, and the film material of the last layer of the beam splitter is thus damaged. The spectral performance of the energy beam splitter with good flatness originally coated deteriorates, and it is difficult to achieve good white balance for the product, and the color uniformity within the FOV is worse as the FOV increases.

[0011] The Eyebox Expansion of traditional two-dimensional array optical waveguides usually relies on multiple layers of partial reflectors. Therefore, the reflectivity of each beam splitter is relatively low, and the ripple of its spectrum has a greater impact on white balance, making it difficult to achieve good white balance for the product. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Aiming at the problems of high substrate cost, complex coating process, and poor optical glue reliability caused by the Eyebox Expansion technology of traditional two-dimensional optical waveguides relying on high-density beam splitters (20 - 40 layers), the present invention provides a two-dimensional array optical waveguide with low cost and high quality, including:

[0013] An input coupling module, an eyebox expansion array module, and an output coupling array module;

[0014] Among them, the input coupling module, the eyebox expansion array module, and the output coupling array module are optically glued and connected to each other in pairs;

[0015] The input coupling module and the output coupling array module are located on the left and right sides of the eyebox expansion array module;

[0016] The input coupling module is used to introduce the light rays emitted by the two-dimensional optical machine into the optical waveguide system and adjust the angle and direction of the light rays through a reflective film to meet the total reflection condition and enter the eyebox expansion array module;

[0017] The eyebox expansion array module is used to expand the pupil of the coupled light rays to make the light rays evenly distributed within the optical waveguide;

[0018] The output array module is used to efficiently couple out the light after pupil dilation from the optical waveguide to obtain a target image.

[0019] Preferably, the input module includes a rectangular prism with an internal total reflection film and a reflection film;

[0020] The reflection film is plated on the hypotenuse of the rectangular prism and is glued in H-ZF1A glass at an angle of 25.7°;

[0021] The working wavelength of the reflection film is visible light.

[0022] Preferably, the rectangular prism with an internal total reflection film is two right trapezoidal prisms;

[0023] The hypotenuse angle of the right trapezoidal prism is 25.7°, and the hypotenuses of the two right trapezoidal prisms are glued together;

[0024] The mechanical angle of the reflection film is 25.7°;

[0025] The incident angle of the reflection film is 25.7° ± 15°.

[0026] Preferably, the pupil dilation array module includes a light guide tube and a trapezoidal prism;

[0027] The light guide tube is a parallelepiped, and taking the pitch direction as a reference, the front and back surfaces are the surfaces for total reflection oscillation of light;

[0028] The light guide tube is plated with a total reflection film and an energy splitting film for pupil dilation of the coupled-in light.

[0029] Preferably, the upper surface of the light guide tube is the energy splitting film of the light guide tube. The angle between the energy splitting film of the light guide tube and the front and back surfaces is 90°, and the energy splitting film of the light guide tube is optically glued to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal prism;

[0030] The lower surface of the light guide tube is the total reflection film of the light guide tube. The angle between the total reflection film of the light guide tube and the front and back surfaces is 90°, the total reflection film of the light guide tube is parallel to the energy splitting film of the light guide tube, and the total reflection film of the light guide tube is optically glued to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal prism;

[0031] The left surface of the light guide tube is the light coupling-in surface. The angle between the light coupling-in surface and the front and back surfaces is 90°, and the angles with the energy splitting film of the light guide tube and the total reflection film of the light guide tube are 45°;

[0032] The right surface of the light guide tube is the light coupling-out surface. The angle between the light coupling-out surface and the front and back surfaces is 90°, and the angles with the energy splitting film of the light guide tube and the total reflection film of the light guide tube are 45°.

[0033] Preferably, the total internal reflection film of the light guide tube is incident at a visible light wavelength and an incident angle of 56.5° ± 15°.

[0034] The energy splitting film of the light guide tube is incident at a visible light wavelength and an incident angle of 56.5° ± 15°.

[0035] Preferably, the tilt angle of the light guide tube is related to the field of view angle, pupil frame, and exit pupil distance required by the product;

[0036] The larger the pupil frame, the larger the tilt angle of the light guide tube.

[0037] Preferably, the output coupling array module includes a parallelepiped and a trapezoidal prism;

[0038] The upper and lower surfaces of the output coupling array module are coated with an antireflection film;

[0039] The inclined surface of the parallelepiped is coated with an output coupling energy splitting film;

[0040] The included angle between the output coupling energy splitting film and the upper and lower surfaces is 25.7°. The first surface and the last surface are respectively optically cemented to the trapezoidal prism, and the parallelepipeds are optically cemented to each other pairwise.

[0041] Preferably, the mechanical angle of the output coupling energy splitting film is 25.7°;

[0042] The mechanical angle of the output coupling energy splitting film is equal to the mechanical angle of the input coupling reflection film;

[0043] The number of layers of the splitting film of the output coupling energy splitting film is related to the required field of view angle, pupil frame, exit pupil distance, and waveguide thickness, and the energy increases gradually in the light transmission direction.

[0044] Preferably, both sides of the two-dimensional array optical waveguide are coated with an antireflection film for visible light to air.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0046] The design of the pupil expansion part of the present invention is simple, the processing difficulty is greatly reduced, and the imaging effect is greatly improved. Its excellent optical characteristics, cost, and shortened processing cycle will promote the development of the two-dimensional array optical waveguide industry in the market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The schematic embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the design of a traditional two-dimensional optical waveguide in the background art of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the design of a two-dimensional optical waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structures of the internal reflection film and the beam splitting film in the design of a two-dimensional optical waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the light transmission of the coupling-out scheme of a two-dimensional optical waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the light transmission of the pupil expansion scheme of a two-dimensional optical waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 Simulation schematic diagram of the change of the coating reflectivity of the light guiding tube energy splitting film of a two-dimensional optical waveguide scheme in an embodiment of the present invention with the incident angle;

[0054] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the light guiding tube of a two-dimensional optical waveguide scheme in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the coupling-out array module of a two-dimensional optical waveguide scheme in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Among them, 1. Array optical waveguide coupling-in prism; 2. Z-LENS array optical waveguide pupil expansion structure; 3. Array optical waveguide coupling-out structure; 4. Array optical waveguide coupling-in reflection film module; 5. Light guiding tube; 6. Trapezoidal prism; 7. Total reflection film of the light guiding tube; 8. Light guiding tube energy splitting film; 9. Reflection film; 10. Coupling-out energy splitting film; 11. Change of the transmittance of the energy splitting film with the angle; 12. Change of the reflectivity of the energy splitting film with the angle. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0058] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the drawings may be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than here.

[0059] As Figure 1-8 shown, in this embodiment, a low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide is provided, including: a coupling-in module, a pupil expansion array module, and a coupling-out array module.

[0060] The coupling-in module, the pupil-expanding array module, and the coupling-out array module are adhesively connected pairwise by optical glue.

[0061] The coupling-in module is used to introduce the light emitted by the two-dimensional optical engine into the optical waveguide system, and adjusts the angle and direction of the light through the reflective film to meet the total internal reflection condition and enter the pupil-expanding array module;

[0062] The pupil-expanding array module is used to expand the pupil of the coupled light so that the light is evenly distributed in the optical waveguide;

[0063] The coupling-out array module is used to efficiently couple out the pupil-expanded light from the optical waveguide to obtain the target image.

[0064] As Figure 2 shown, in terms of spatial position, the coupling-in module and the coupling-out array module are located on the left and right sides of the pupil-expanding array module. This embodiment is an augmented reality (AR) solution for the left eye. The coupling-in module is located on the left side of the pupil-expanding array module, and the coupling-out array module is located on the right side of the pupil-expanding array module.

[0065] Furthermore, the coupling-in module is composed of two right-angled trapezoidal prisms. The hypotenuse angle of the prism is 25.7°. The reflective film is plated on the hypotenuse of the prism. The hypotenuses of the two right-angled trapezoidal prisms are glued together to form a rectangular coupling-in module.

[0066] Furthermore, the principal ray of the light emitted by the two-dimensional optical engine is perpendicularly incident on the coupling-in module. The reflective film 9 of the coupling-in module is glued at an angle of 25.7° in the H-ZF1A glass. It has the characteristic of high reflectivity for incident light with an incident angle of 25.7° ± 15° at the visible light wavelength. The principal ray of the two-dimensional optical engine is incident on the surface of the reflective film 9 at an angle of 25.7°. After reflection, it satisfies the total internal reflection angle of the optical waveguide, and the light is transmitted in the array optical waveguide in an oscillating manner, as Figure 4 shown.

[0067] As an additional implementation method, the coupling-in module is a rectangular prism with an internal total reflection film, that is, the array optical waveguide coupling-in prism 1. The array optical waveguide coupling-in reflective film module 4 includes a plurality of reflective films 9. The mechanical angle of the reflective film 9 is preferably 25.7°. The working wavelength of the reflective film 9 is visible light, and the incident angle of the reflective film 9 is 25.7° ± 15°.

[0068] Furthermore, the pupil-expanding array module is the Z-LENS array optical waveguide pupil-expanding structure 2, which is composed of a light guiding tube 5 and a trapezoidal prism 6.

[0069] The light guiding tube 5 is a parallelepiped. Taking Figure 2 the pitch direction as the reference, its front and back surfaces are the surfaces for total internal reflection oscillation of light;

[0070] The upper surface of the light guide pipe 5 is the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8. The angle between the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 and the front and rear surfaces is 90°. The light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 is optically cemented to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal prism 6;

[0071] The lower surface of the light guide pipe 5 is the light guide pipe total reflection film 7. The angle between the light guide pipe total reflection film 7 and the front and rear surfaces is 90°. The light guide pipe total reflection film 7 is parallel to the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8. The light guide pipe total reflection film 7 is optically cemented to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal prism 6;

[0072] The left surface of the light guide pipe 5 is the light coupling surface. The angle between the light coupling surface and the front and rear surfaces is 90°. The angles between the light coupling surface and the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 and the light guide pipe total reflection film 7 are 45°;

[0073] The right surface of the light guide pipe 5 is the light coupling out surface. The angle between the light coupling out surface and the front and rear surfaces is 90°. The angles between the light coupling out surface and the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 and the light guide pipe total reflection film 7 are 45°.

[0074] Furthermore, the pupil expansion array module is composed of the light guide pipe 5 optically cemented to two trapezoidal prisms 6 to form the pupil expansion (Eyebox Expansion) part. The light guide pipe 5 is coated with the light guide pipe total reflection film 7 and the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 to couple in light for pupil expansion. The light oscillates back and forth inside the light guide pipe at an oblique incidence. The light transmission schematic diagram is as Figure 5 shown. The light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 controls the reflectivity to overflow energy and controls the energy uniformity at each angle. The reflectivity requirements at each angle are related to the number of times the light travels in the light guide pipe in that direction.

[0075] The light transmitted by the coupling module overflows part of the energy and reflects part of the energy through the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 in the light guide pipe 5 of the pupil expansion array module; the reflected part of the energy is totally reflected back to the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 by the light guide pipe total reflection film 7. Each transmission on the light guide pipe energy splitting film 8 overflows energy to achieve the effect of pupil expansion, as Figure 5 shown.

[0076] Furthermore, as Figure 6 shown by the change of the transmittance of the energy splitting film with the angle 11 and the change of the reflectivity of the energy splitting film with the angle 12, the light guide pipe total reflection film 7 of the light guide pipe 5 is required to have an extremely high reflection effect for visible light wavelengths incident at an incident angle of 56.5° ± 15°;

[0077] Furthermore, as Figure 6The variation of the transmittance of the energy splitting film with the angle as shown at 11 and the variation of the reflectance of the energy splitting film with the angle as shown at 12. For the energy splitting film 8 of the light guiding pipe 5, for visible light wavelengths, the incident angle is 56.5° ± 15°, and different reflectance requirements are required for different angles.

[0078] Furthermore, for the optimized solution, the tilt angle of the obliquely incident light guiding pipe is related to the field of view (FOV), pupil box (eyebox), and exit pupil distance (eyerilif) required by the product. Generally speaking, the larger the required pupil box, the larger the tilt angle of the obliquely incident light guiding pipe.

[0079] Furthermore, for the optimized solution, in this embodiment, taking eyerilef = 18mm, eyebox = 10 * 9mm, FOV = 30°, the thickness of the waveguide film is 1.2mm, and the exit pupil of the optical engine is 3.5mm as an example, the effective overflow of the light with a large field of view transmitted to the eyebox in the light guiding pipe 5 is the first two times; the effective overflow of the light with a medium field of view transmitted to the eyebox in the light guiding pipe 5 is the third and fourth times; the effective overflow of the light with a small field of view transmitted to the eyebox in the light guiding pipe 5 is the fifth and sixth times. The design of the energy splitting film 8 of the light guiding pipe takes into account the relatively uniform energy in the eyebox for different fields of view. Let the transmitted energy of the energy splitting film 8 of the light guiding pipe for the large field of view be x, let the transmitted energy of the energy splitting film 8 of the light guiding pipe for the medium field of view be y, and let the transmitted energy of the energy splitting film 8 of the light guiding pipe for the small field of view be z. Considering that the human eye is not sensitive to changes within 20% of the energy difference, the energy distribution of the film system of the energy splitting film 8 of the light guiding pipe needs to satisfy the following inequality:

[0080]

[0081] The relationship between the thickness of the light guiding pipe 5 and the size of the exit pupil of the optical engine is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] The above relationship only applies to this case. Adjust the equation conditions according to the design changes to apply to various designs.

[0084] Furthermore, the coupling-out array module is the array optical waveguide coupling-out structure 3, which is composed of a plurality of parallelepipeds and two trapezoidal prisms 6 combined, as Figure 8 shown. Taking Figure 8 as a reference, antireflection films are deposited on the upper and lower surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of the parallelepipeds are deposited with coupling-out energy splitting films 10. The angle between the coupling-out energy splitting films 10 and the upper and lower surfaces is 25.7°. The first surface and the last surface are respectively optically cemented to the trapezoidal prisms 6, and the plurality of parallelepipeds are optically cemented to each other in pairs. The whole is combined into a parallel plate, and these structures are combined into the coupling-out array module.

[0085] Furthermore, the mechanical angle of the output energy splitting film 10 is 25.7°, and the light transmitted to the output array module is reflected by the energy splitting film and does not satisfy the total internal reflection angle inside the glass, so it overflows the waveguide, as Figure 4 shown.

[0086] Furthermore, the mechanical angle of the output energy splitting film 10 in the output part is equal to the mechanical angle of the input reflection film. The number of layers of the splitting film is related to the required field of view (FOV), pupil box (eyebox), exit pupil distance (eyerilif), and waveguide thickness, and the energy gradually increases in the light transmission direction.

[0087] Furthermore, the number of output energy splitting films 10 in the output array module is related to the required field of view (FOV), pupil box (eyebox), exit pupil distance (eyerilif), waveguide thickness d, and the mechanical angle θ of the output splitting film. The relationship between the number of output energy splitting films 10 and them is expressed by the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] where, even represents rounding up; Heyebox represents the horizontal length of the eyebox; HFov represents the horizontal angle of the FOV.

[0090] Furthermore, the right surface of the input module is optically cemented and connected to the midpoint of the light coupling surface of the light guiding tube 5;

[0091] The pupil expansion array module is optically cemented and connected to the output array module.

[0092] In a further optimized solution, the light transmitted from the pupil expansion array module is output from the waveguide through the output energy splitting film 10 with a central angle of 25.7°. The output energy splitting film 10 performs energy splitting at an angle of 25.7° ± 15° with the main incident angle and antireflection at an angle of 77.1° ± 10°, and the wavelength is visible light. The distribution scheme of the output energy splitting film 10 is consistent with the conventional one-dimensional optical waveguide energy distribution logic and will not be elaborated here.

[0093] Furthermore, antireflection films for visible light to air are coated on both sides of the arrayed optical waveguide to eliminate mirror images and improve the transmittance of the product.

[0094] In the light guiding tube splitting system designed in this embodiment, light is transmitted through the light guiding tube, and a part of the energy overflows each time it oscillates and reflects to achieve the effect of pupil expansion (Eyebox Expansion). Finally, only one splitting film needs to be coated on the pupil expansion part, reducing the number of splitting films by more than 95%;

[0095] The hierarchical energy splitting film designed in this embodiment has a reflectivity at different angles related to the number of times of light transmission. The calculation logic is given to guide the film system design, providing a basic underlying logic for cost reduction.

[0096] The waveguide structure of this embodiment is compatible with various opto-mechanical systems. If the opto-mechanical system has polarized light incident, the light guiding tube splitting film splits the energy of the S light and is realized by a dielectric film; if the opto-mechanical system has natural light incident, it is realized by a silver film, and the silver film is a thin film with a gradually changing thickness.

[0097] This embodiment can be widely applied to the field of AR near-eye display, and this solution makes it possible to mass-produce two-dimensional array optical waveguides at low cost.

[0098] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional array optical waveguide with low cost and high quality, characterized in that, Comprising: An input coupling module, a pupil expansion array module, and an output coupling array module; Wherein, the input coupling module, the pupil expansion array module, and the output coupling array module are adhesively connected pairwise by optical glue; The input coupling module and the output coupling array module are located on the left and right sides of the pupil expansion array module; The input coupling module is used to introduce the light emitted by the two-dimensional optical engine into the optical waveguide system, and adjust the angle and direction of the light through the reflective film to meet the total reflection condition and enter the pupil expansion array module; The pupil expansion array module is used to expand the pupil of the coupled light so that the light is evenly distributed in the optical waveguide; The output coupling array module is used to efficiently couple out the expanded light from the optical waveguide to obtain a target image.

2. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein The input coupling module includes a rectangular prism with an internal total reflection film and a reflective film; The reflective film is plated on the hypotenuse of the rectangular prism and is glued at an angle of 25.7° in H-ZF1A glass; The working wavelength of the reflective film is visible light.

3. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 2, wherein The rectangular prism with an internal total reflection film is two right trapezoidal prisms; The hypotenuse angle of the right trapezoidal prism is 25.7°, and the hypotenuses of the two right trapezoidal prisms are glued together; The mechanical angle of the reflective film is 25.7°; The incident angle of the reflective film is 25.7° ± 15°.

4. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein The pupil expansion array module includes a light guiding tube and a trapezoidal prism; The light guiding tube is a parallelepiped, and taking the pitch direction as a reference, the front and back surfaces are the surfaces for total reflection oscillation of light; The light guiding tube is plated with a total reflection film and an energy splitting film for pupil expansion of the coupled light.

5. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 4, wherein The upper surface of the light guiding tube is the energy splitting film of the light guiding tube. The angle between the energy splitting film of the light guiding tube and the front and back surfaces is 90°, and the energy splitting film of the light guiding tube is adhesively connected by optical glue to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal prism; The lower surface of the light guiding tube is the total reflection film of the light guiding tube. The angle between the total reflection film of the light guiding tube and the front and back surfaces is 90°. The total reflection film of the light guiding tube is parallel to the energy splitting film of the light guiding tube, and the total reflection film of the light guiding tube is adhesively connected by optical glue to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal prism; The left surface of the light guiding tube is the light coupling surface. The angle between the light coupling surface and the front and back surfaces is 90°, and the angles with the energy splitting film of the light guiding tube and the total reflection film of the light guiding tube are 45°; The right surface of the light guiding tube is the light output surface. The angle between the light output surface and the front and back surfaces is 90°, and the angles with the energy splitting film of the light guiding tube and the total reflection film of the light guiding tube are 45°.

6. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 4, wherein The total reflection film of the light guiding tube is for visible light wavelengths and is incident at an incident angle of 56.5° ± 15°; The light guiding energy splitting film of the light guiding pipe is incident at a visible light wavelength and an incident angle of 56.5° ± 15°.

7. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 4, wherein the tilt angle of the light guiding pipe is related to the field of view angle, pupil frame, and exit pupil distance required by the product; the larger the pupil frame, the larger the tilt angle of the light guiding pipe.

8. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein the output coupling array module includes a parallelepiped and a trapezoidal prism; an antireflection film is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the output coupling array module; an output coupling energy splitting film is coated on the inclined surface of the parallelepiped; the included angle between the output coupling energy splitting film and the upper and lower surfaces is 25.7°. The first surface and the last surface are respectively optically cemented to the trapezoidal prism, and the parallelepipeds are optically cemented to each other in pairs.

9. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 8, wherein the mechanical angle of the output coupling energy splitting film is 25.7°; the mechanical angle of the output coupling energy splitting film is equal to the mechanical angle of the input coupling reflection film; the number of layers of the splitting film of the output coupling energy splitting film is related to the required field of view angle, pupil frame, exit pupil distance, and waveguide thickness, and the energy gradually increases in the light propagation direction.

10. The low-cost and high-quality two-dimensional array optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein visible light antireflection films for air are coated on both sides of the two-dimensional array optical waveguide.

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