Method and system for determining water supplementing device for ecological restoration of rock slope and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a determination method and system of a water supplementing device for ecological restoration of a rock slope and a storage medium. The determination method comprises the following steps: determining fracture probability density functions of different positions of a to-be-restored slope; calculating a water diffusion coefficient in the fracture; the diffusion flux passing through the unit area in unit time in the rock mass is calculated, and the length of a first section of pipe body of the anchor rod corresponding to each water supplementing point driven into the slope to be repaired is determined; the number of anchor rods driven into the slope to be repaired in the slope direction is determined based on the fracture length function; determining an upper limit threshold value of the inner diameter of the anchor rod based on the total water outlet amount of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishing point and the water outlet flow velocity of the water permeable hole; and respectively calculating a rock mass layer stability coefficient and a soil mass layer stability coefficient aiming at the rock mass layer and the soil mass layer, and determining a lower limit threshold value of the inner diameter of the anchor rod based on the fact that the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil mass layer stability coefficient are respectively smaller than 1. By adopting the determination method provided by the invention, the specification of the anchor rod can be planned more reasonably in the early stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope repair devices, and particularly to a method, a system, and a storage medium for determining a water supply device for ecological restoration of rocky slopes. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the scale of infrastructure construction in China, a series of ecological problems have been caused by a large number of exposed steep rocky slopes. Among them, the vegetation on the rocky slopes in arid and semi-arid regions often shows phenomena such as short survival time and low coverage rate. Traditional slope repair cannot meet the requirements of people for the environment, and ecological restoration, as a new type of economic and environmentally friendly repair method, is being widely accepted.

[0003] Ecological restoration is a comprehensive restoration method that is guided by ecological principles, based on biological restoration, combined with various physical restoration, chemical restoration, and engineering technical measures, and attempts to achieve the best effect and the lowest cost through optimization and combination.

[0004] Among them, an anchor rod is a commonly used water supply device in ecological restoration. The anchor rod is generally a hollow tube body with an open top. When in use, most of the anchor rod is inserted into the rock and soil body of the rocky slope, and the part of the anchor rod inserted into the rock and soil body is provided with uniformly spaced water permeable holes. Water is injected into the anchor rod through the opening, so as to realize water supply to the rock and soil body through the water permeable holes to meet the growth of vegetation.

[0005] In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art:

[0006] In order to save water resources and solve the problem of the contradiction between the supply and demand of water resources for ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid regions, a precise water supply technology is generally adopted. At present, for precise water supply to rocky slopes in different situations, the research direction mostly focuses on predicting the water required by the vegetation on the rocky slope through complex calculations, and then relying on the controller and the intelligent water network for precise water supply to improve the intelligent level of slope ecological restoration. There is little research on the anchor rod aspect, and the anchor rod specifications are also an important factor affecting precise water supply, including the layout density of the anchor rod slope direction, the length of the anchor rod, and the inner diameter of the anchor rod. At present, when carrying out precise water supply to different slopes, little consideration is given to the matching problem of the anchor rod specifications in the early stage. Uniformly sized prefabricated anchor rods are mostly used, or generally determined based on the engineering experience of technicians, resulting in the often use of too many and too long anchor rods, which is likely to cause material waste and is economically unreasonable. At the same time, due to the unreasonable setting of the inner diameter of the prefabricated anchor rod, it has caused a great obstacle to precise water supply, and also increased the design difficulty and water supply burden of the controller and the intelligent water network in the later stage.

[0007] Therefore, a method, a system, and a storage medium for determining a water supply device for ecological restoration of rocky slopes are needed to at least partially solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method, a system and a storage medium for determining a water replenishing device for ecological restoration of rocky slopes, so as to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art.

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a water replenishing device for ecological restoration of rocky slopes. The water replenishing device is a bolt, and the bolt is a hollow tube body with a closed bottom end and an open top end. The bolt includes a first tube body for driving into the rock and soil body of the slope to be restored and a second tube body exposed outside. The first tube body has water permeable holes for water replenishment evenly spaced along the axial direction from the bottom end upwards. The determination method includes:

[0010] Based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structural plane group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be restored, determine the fracture probability density function and its parameters at different positions of the slope to be restored;

[0011] Based on the statistical rock mechanics theory and the dominant occurrence, average radius, density and gap width of each rock mass structural plane group output by the fracture network model, calculate the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fractures;

[0012] Based on Fick's law and the moisture diffusion coefficient, calculate the diffusion flux per unit time through a unit area in the rock mass, and based on the diffusion flux, determine the length of the first tube body of the bolt corresponding to each water replenishing point driven into the rock and soil body of the slope to be restored;

[0013] Convert the fracture probability density function at different positions of the slope to be restored into a corresponding fracture length function, and determine the number of bolts driven along the slope direction of the slope to be restored based on the fracture length function;

[0014] Calculate the total water output of the bolt corresponding to each water replenishing point and the water flow velocity of the water permeable hole. Based on the total water output of the bolt corresponding to each water replenishing point being greater than the target water replenishing amount of each water replenishing point and the water flow velocity of the water permeable hole being greater than the soil permeability coefficient, determine the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the bolt rod;

[0015] Based on the consideration of slope stability, calculate the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient for the rock mass layer and the soil layer respectively. Based on the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient being less than 1 respectively, determine the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the bolt rod.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for determining a water replenishing device for ecological restoration of rocky slopes. The determination system includes:

[0017] A memory for storing computer-executable instructions;

[0018] A processor, when executing computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, implements the determination method of the above technical solution.

[0019] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the determination method of the above technical solution.

[0020] According to the determination method of the embodiment of the present invention, based on the actual rock mass structure characteristics, the stability states of the rock mass layer and the soil layer of the slope to be repaired, the length of the anchor rod, the number of arrangements in the slope direction, and the inner diameter of the anchor rod are roughly determined, and a more reasonable planning of the anchor rod specifications is completed in the early stage to help better carry out accurate water replenishment for the slope.

[0021] The additional advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be partially described below, and will become partially apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art after studying the following text, or can be learned from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the specification and the drawings.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that the objectives and advantages that can be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above specific descriptions, and the above and other objectives that the present invention can achieve will be more clearly understood according to the following detailed description. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, but only to illustrate the principles of the present invention. To facilitate the illustration and description of some parts of the present invention, the corresponding parts in the drawings may be enlarged, that is, may become larger relative to other components in the exemplary device actually manufactured according to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a determination method for a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor rod in the determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of an anchor rod and a slope in a rectangular coordinate system in the determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a determination system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5Schematic diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] 200, anchor bolt;

[0031] 210, first section of pipe body;

[0032] 220, second section of pipe body;

[0033] 230, backing plate;

[0034] 240, water permeable hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the implementation manners and the drawings. Herein, the illustrative implementation manners of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not limit the present invention.

[0036] Herein, it should also be noted that in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details less related to the present invention are omitted.

[0037] It should be emphasized that the term "including / containing" when used herein refers to the presence of features, elements, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps or components.

[0038] Herein, it should also be noted that if not specifically stated, the term "connection" in this article can not only refer to direct connection, but also represent indirect connection with an intermediate.

[0039] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar components, or the same or similar steps.

[0040] First, reference will be made to Figure 1 Describe a method 100 for determining a water supply device for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the determination method 100 may include steps S110 to S160, specifically as follows:

[0041] In step S110, based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structural plane group corresponding to the fissure network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, determine the fissure probability density function and its parameters at different positions of the slope to be repaired.

[0042] In step S120, based on the statistical rock mass mechanics theory and the dominant attitudes, average radii, densities, and gap widths of each rock mass structural plane group output by the fracture network model, calculate the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fractures.

[0043] In step S130, based on Fick's law and the moisture diffusion coefficient, calculate the diffusion flux per unit time through a unit area in the rock mass, and based on the diffusion flux, determine the length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil body driven into the slope to be repaired.

[0044] In step S140, convert the fracture probability density function at different positions of the slope to be repaired into a corresponding fracture length function, and based on the fracture length function, determine the number of anchor rods driven along the slope direction of the slope to be repaired.

[0045] In step S150, calculate the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient for the rock mass layer and the soil layer respectively considering slope stability, and based on the fact that the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient are both less than 1, determine the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod.

[0046] In step S160, calculate the total water output of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable holes, and based on the fact that the total water output of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment amount of each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable holes is greater than the soil permeability coefficient, determine the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod.

[0047] Among them, with reference to Figure 2 , the anchor rod 200 in the determination method of the embodiment of the present application is a hollow pipe body structure with a closed bottom end and an open top end and an equal inner diameter. The anchor rod 200 includes a first section of the pipe body 210 for driving into the rock and soil body of the slope to be repaired and an exposed second section of the pipe body 220. The first section of the pipe body and the second section of the pipe body are of an integral structure, and different names are used for convenience of description for distinction. A vertical backing plate 230 is provided at the connection between the first section of the pipe body and the second section of the pipe body. When the anchor rods are respectively driven into each water replenishment point as required, the backing plate adheres to the slope surface. The first section of the pipe body 210 is provided with water-permeable holes 240 for water replenishment evenly spaced along the axial direction from the bottom end upwards. Generally, for the convenience of drilling, the apertures of all the water-permeable holes are set to be the same in practice. The distance between the lowermost water-permeable hole of the first section of the pipe body and the bottom end of the first section of the pipe body can be selected as needed, such as 2 cm, 3 cm, etc.

[0048] In the embodiments of the present application, first, based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structural plane group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, the fracture probability density function at different positions of the slope to be repaired is determined. The fracture probability density function at different positions of the slope to be repaired is converted into the corresponding fracture length function. Based on the fracture length function, the number of anchor bolts driven along the slope direction of the slope to be repaired can be determined. Then, based on the statistical rock mechanics theory and the dominant occurrence, average radius, density, and gap width of each rock mass structural plane group output by the fracture network model, the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fracture is calculated. Based on Fick's law and the moisture diffusion coefficient, the diffusion flux passing through the unit area per unit time in the rock mass is calculated. And based on the diffusion flux, the length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor bolt corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil mass driven into the slope to be repaired can be determined, and finally the overall length of the anchor bolt is determined. Next, considering the slope stability, the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient for the rock mass layer and the soil layer are calculated respectively. Based on the fact that the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient are both less than 1, the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor bolt is determined. Finally, the total water output of the anchor bolt corresponding to each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable hole are calculated. Based on the fact that the total water output of the anchor bolt corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment amount of each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable hole is greater than the soil permeability coefficient, the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor bolt is determined.

[0049] As can be seen from the description of the above process, according to the determination method 100 of the embodiments of the present application, the length of the anchor bolt, the number of arrangements in the slope direction, and the inner diameter of the anchor bolt can be roughly determined based on the actual rock mass structure characteristics, the rock mass layer stability, and the soil layer stability state of the slope to be repaired, so as to realize the matching of the anchor bolt specifications with slopes in different conditions in the early stage, so as to help better carry out accurate water replenishment for the slope.

[0050] Among them, in Figure 1 Steps S110 to S160 are shown to be arranged in sequence one after another, which is only an example. It can be understood that the order of steps S150 and S160 can be not limited.

[0051] The content of each of the above steps of the determination method 100 according to the embodiments of the present application will be specifically described below.

[0052] In the embodiments of the present application, in step S110, based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structural plane group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, the fracture probability density function and its parameters at different positions of the slope to be repaired are determined.

[0053] Specifically, a dynamic clustering method is adopted to group the measured structural planes based on the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, and each rock mass structural plane group is obtained. A rose diagram is made for the dip direction of the structural planes, and the attitude data is projected onto a stereographic projection net. A pole projection diagram is used to reflect the dominant concentration of the structural plane attitude, and the dominant attitude of each group of structural planes is characterized by the attitude of each pole density center. The distribution of the dip angle of the attitude data has approximate symmetry. The fracture probability density function at different positions of the slope is given and fitted into a normal distribution density function f(s).

[0054]

[0055] Among them, s is the horizontal position coordinate of the fracture in the rectangular coordinate system, μ is the mean value of s; σ 2 is the variance of s.

[0056] Among them,

[0057]

[0058] n is the total number of fractures, s i is the horizontal position coordinate corresponding to the fracture with the serial number i.

[0059] Of course, before performing step S110, it may also include constructing a fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired. The construction of the fracture network model can adopt existing technologies. For example, the following steps can be adopted:

[0060] Use unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, infrared thermal imaging technology, and laser scanning technology to perform non-destructive and non-contact detection on the slope to be repaired, identify the fracture distribution state of the shallow surface layer of the rock slope, including basic parameters such as the attitude, shape, size, spacing, and aperture of the structural plane, and determine its basic distribution function.

[0061] Among them, the UAV aerial survey system can include an aircraft, a camera, a gimbal, and communication equipment. The UAV aerial survey system conducts aerial surveys according to the set flight parameters, sequentially identifies the structural planes of the rock mass to be repaired, and obtains geometric parameters of the structural planes, such as attitude, trace length, spacing, aperture, etc. A certain number of check points are also collected in areas with sparse vegetation to check the accuracy of the three-dimensional laser and UAV point clouds to ensure that the final result successfully meets the specification requirements.

[0062] Convert the obtained point cloud data into three-dimensional space coordinates, triangulate the point cloud data, filter out redundant data by noise filtering, perform clustering analysis on the same group of structural planes, fit the structural planes, and construct a fracture network model.

[0063] The function of the anchor rod in this application is to replenish water into the internal fissures of the rock mass, store water through the fissures, and directly supply water to the soil mass. Through the above-mentioned water storage and water supply methods, water is provided for the growth of vegetation. Among them, water is replenished into the fissures of each water replenishment point on the rock slope through the anchor rod. When the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod exceeds a certain length, the water replenished into the fissures by the anchor rod cannot penetrate to the slope surface. If the anchor rod is too short, the water storage capacity of the fissures will be very small. Therefore, by calculating the maximum depth that the fissures can penetrate in the horizontal direction, the optimal length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod is given.

[0064] Among them, in order to determine the optimal length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod, steps S120 and S130 can be included.

[0065] In the embodiment of this application, in step S120, based on the dominant occurrence, average radius, density, and fissure width of each rock mass structural plane group output by the statistical rock mechanics theory and the fissure network model, the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fissures is calculated.

[0066] Specifically, according to the fissure network model constructed corresponding to the slope to be repaired, through the fissure network model, data such as the dominant occurrence, average radius, density, and fissure width (fissure width) of each rock mass structural plane group can be obtained, and the following formula is used to calculate the moisture diffusion coefficient D in the fissures.

[0067]

[0068] Among them, d0 is the spacing of the fissures. a is the influence of the fissure geometric structure on water diffusion, and its value range is between 1.4 and 1.8. ρ is the density of the fissures. r is the average radius of the fissures. b is the fissure width of the rock mass at the installation position of the anchor rod. D0 is the diffusion coefficient in homogeneous rock, which is determined by pre-experiment. S is the average spacing of the fissures.

[0069] In the embodiment of this application, in step S130, based on Fick's law and the moisture diffusion coefficient, the diffusion flux per unit time through unit area in the rock mass is calculated. And based on the diffusion flux, the length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil mass driven into the slope to be repaired is determined.

[0070] Specifically, through the seepage action of water in the fissures, water required by vegetation is provided for a long time. First, using Fick's law and the moisture diffusion coefficient D, the diffusion flux J per unit time through unit area in the rock mass is calculated.

[0071]

[0072] Among them, is the water vapor concentration gradient.

[0073] When the bolt exceeds a certain length, the water supplemented by the bolt into the cracks at each water replenishment point cannot penetrate to the slope surface. Therefore, by calculating the maximum depth that the cracks can penetrate in the horizontal direction, the optimal length L1 of the first section of the bolt pipe body is determined.

[0074]

[0075] ψ is the porosity of the rock cracks. λb is the additional porosity contributed by the cracks. z l is the water head height at the crack. g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0076] After determining the length L1 of the first section of the bolt pipe body, for the second section of the bolt pipe body that is exposed, its length L2 is generally 10 - 30 cm according to actual needs, and finally the final length of the bolt can be determined.

[0077] Continuing from the above, in this application, when replenishing water inside the rock slope through bolts, there may be too many or insufficient bolts set at some positions, which has an adverse impact on vegetation growth. Therefore, by providing the water required for vegetation growth and the maximum coverage range that each bolt can cover, the number of bolts is refined. In this application, only one example along the slope direction is used for illustration.

[0078] In the embodiment of this application, in step S140, the crack probability density functions at different positions of the slope to be repaired are converted into corresponding crack length functions, and based on the crack length functions, the number of bolts to be driven along the slope direction of the slope to be repaired is determined.

[0079] Specifically, in order to obtain the water replenishment range of cracks at different positions, the crack length function L h (x) is proportional to the crack probability density function f h (x). That is, at the position where the probability density is greater, the crack length is also greater.

[0080]

[0081] Among them, f h (x) represents the crack probability density function at the vertical height h of the slope and the horizontal position coordinate x.

[0082]

[0083] Refer to Figure 3 , establish a rectangular coordinate system of the slope with the bottom of the slope as the coordinate origin. Among them, the vertical height h of the slope and the horizontal position coordinate x can be based on the centroid of the crack. k is a correlation coefficient describing the crack length and is a fixed value. β is the inclination angle of the rock mass crack.

[0084] To ensure that the water replenishment range can cover the entire slope, the number of rock bolts N driven along the slope direction is determined based on the following formula o

[0085]

[0086] where L hj (x) represents the fracture length function corresponding to the j-th rock bolt installed sequentially along the slope direction, and H is the height of the slope to be repaired.

[0087] It can be understood that, under the condition that other conditions remain unchanged, the inner diameter of the rock bolt has a relatively large influence weight on water replenishment. Therefore, it is necessary to consider reasonably setting the inner diameter of the rock bolt to match rock slopes in different states for accurate water replenishment.

[0088] Therefore, to determine the reasonable range value of the inner diameter of the rock bolt, it may include step S150 and step S160.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, in step S150, the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient for the rock mass layer and the soil layer are respectively calculated considering slope stability, and the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the rock bolt is determined based on the fact that the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient are respectively less than 1.

[0090] Specifically, it is based on that the water permeability of the rock bolt cannot cause the slope to fail. Among them, for slope stability, the rock mass layer and the soil layer should be considered separately. Taking the rock mass layer stability coefficient F s1 and the soil layer stability coefficient F s2 both being less than 1, the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the rock bolt is determined.

[0091] 1) Rock mass layer stability

[0092] Perform a force analysis on the rock mass. Assume that the rock mass structural plane is a plane, the rock mass is a rigid body, and the instability of the rock mass is that the rock mass undergoes shear slip or shedding along the structural plane under various loads. This method does not consider the deformation, cracking of the rock mass and the structural plane, and the strength failure of the rock mass itself. The forces acting on the rock mass mainly include the self-weight of the rock mass and the seepage force on the fracture surface as the sliding force, and the shear strength of the connection interface between the rock mass and the overall slope as the anti-sliding force. The ratio of the sliding force to the anti-sliding force is used as the basis for judging the stability of the rock mass layer of the rock slope under the water permeability of the rock bolt.

[0093] Among them, the rock mass layer stability coefficient F s1

[0094]

[0095] P1 = q·v·w·A1

[0096] Among them, G1 is the self-weight of the rock mass. P1 is the seepage force on the fracture surface. q is the permeability coefficient of water in the homogeneous rock mass. w is the hydraulic gradient. A1 is the area of the medium surface subjected to the seepage force. c and φ are the cohesion and internal friction angle of the rock mass. σ' is the vertical stress of the rock mass.

[0097] Through the above inequality (1), the lower threshold value of the inner diameter of the anchor rod can be determined.

[0098] 2) Stability of the soil layer

[0099] First, calculate the seepage force P2 in the soil.

[0100] P2 = γ ω *A2*z

[0101] Among them, γ w is the unit weight of water. z is the water potential gradient in the soil. A2 is the area of the soil layer cross-section (the cross-section perpendicular to the slope surface).

[0102] Then, calculate the unit weight G2 of the soil under soil infiltration.

[0103]

[0104] Δθ1 = m*(Q s1 -Q i1 )

[0105] Among them, θ is the water content in the soil. Δθ1 is the difference in soil saturation. Q s1 is the saturated water content of the soil. Q i1 is the initial volumetric water content. m is the porosity.

[0106] Next, based on the seepage force P2 in the soil and the unit weight G2 of the soil under soil infiltration, establish the stability coefficient F of the soil layer s2 .

[0107]

[0108] Among them, c n , φ n are the cohesion and internal friction angle of the soil-rock interface respectively. σ n is the vertical stress of the soil. ζ is the angle between the anchor rod and the vertical direction.

[0109] Through the above inequality (2), the lower threshold value of the inner diameter of the anchor rod can also be determined.

[0110] Finally, take the larger value of the lower threshold values determined by inequality (1) and inequality (2) as the final lower threshold value.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present application, in step S160, the total water output of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the water permeable holes are calculated, and an upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined based on the condition that the total water output of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment amount of each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the water permeable holes is greater than the soil permeability coefficient.

[0112] Specifically, under the seepage action in the rock mass, the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined based on the stability of the rock and soil mass and the water demand for vegetation growth.

[0113] For a single water permeable hole, its flow rate Q r can be estimated according to the water outflow formula of the water permeable hole. The total water output Q of the anchor rod t , is the total flow rate of M water permeable holes. In the case of orifice outflow, the flow rate is related to the area of the hole, the pressure difference, and the properties of the fluid. And a flow coefficient C d is introduced to consider the influence of factors such as the shape and roughness of the hole on the flow rate. Therefore, the flow rate of M water permeable holes can be expressed as

[0114]

[0115] In addition,

[0116] Q r =A k *v

[0117]

[0118] where, Q r is the water output of a single water permeable hole. v is the water flow velocity of the water permeable hole. A k is the area of the water permeable hole, which is a constant value. z k is the effective head difference at the water permeable hole. d is the inner diameter of the anchor rod. C d is the flow coefficient of the anchor rod, which is obtained through the anchor rod water permeability test under certain conditions and is a constant value.

[0119] where, M is the number of water permeable holes provided on the anchor rod, which is an integer selected according to actual needs and is restricted by the following expression

[0120] (M - 1)*p < L1 (4)

[0121] where, p is the spacing between the water permeable holes, which is a certain quantity.

[0122] That is, after determining the first section of the pipe body L1 of the anchor rod above, for example, if M < 12.26 is determined by inequality (4), the number of water-permeable holes drilled on the anchor rod can be reasonably selected as an integer between 1 and 12 according to needs. For example, it is selected as 10. Then the number of water-permeable holes on the anchor rod will be set to 10 during actual drilling. Then, M = 10 is substituted into formula (3) to calculate the total water output Q of the anchor rod t 。

[0123] The water output of the anchor rod should be greater than the water demand of the vegetation. At the same time, the water flow velocity of the anchor rod is greater than the soil permeability coefficient k s so that the water of the anchor rod can fully penetrate into the soil. Therefore, the following two inequalities can be used to respectively determine the upper threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod, specifically referring to:

[0124] Q t >Q b =η*K c *ET0 (5)

[0125]

[0126] Among them, Q b is the target water supply volume of the water supply point, which is measured in advance according to the actual situation. η is the effective water supply rate of the water supply point. ET0 is the potential evapotranspiration of the plants corresponding to the planting at the water supply point. k s is the soil permeability coefficient, which is a certain amount.

[0127] An upper threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod can be determined through inequality (5), and an upper threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod can also be determined through inequality (6).

[0128] Finally, take the smaller value of the upper thresholds determined by inequality (5) and inequality (6) as the final upper threshold.

[0129] Regarding the determination of the target water supply volume Q of the water supply point b , the effective water supply rate η of the water supply point, and the potential evapotranspiration ET0 of the plants corresponding to the planting at the water supply point, all of them can adopt the existing technologies.

[0130] For example, the effective water supply rate η of the water supply point and the potential evapotranspiration ET0 of the plants can be respectively

[0131]

[0132] Among them, both k1 and k2 are the main rock permeability coefficients. α1 is the angle between the major axis of the infiltration ellipse and the connection line between the water supply and the foot of the water-bearing zone slope. α2 is the angle between the major axis of the infiltration ellipse and the connection line between the water supply and the top of the water-bearing zone slope. γ is the effective water supply range. Δ is the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure curve. R nis the net radiation on the plant surface. G is the soil heat flux. t is the psychrometer constant. T is the daily average air temperature at 2 m height. u2 is the wind speed at 2 m height. e s is the saturated water vapor pressure. e a is the actual water vapor pressure.

[0133] Based on the above description, according to the determination method of the embodiments of the present application, the length, dip layout density, and range of the inner diameter of the anchor rod can be quickly and accurately determined in the early stage to help achieve precise water replenishment for rock slopes.

[0134] Reference Figure 4 , the determination system 300 for implementing the determination method according to the embodiments of the present application includes a processor 310 and a memory 320. The determination system 300 may include one or more processors 310 and one or more memories 320. The memory 320 stores an executable program run by the processor 310. When the executable program is run by the processor 310, the processor 310 is caused to execute the determination method 100 according to the embodiments of the present application described above.

[0135] The processor 310 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities.

[0136] The memory 320 may include one or more computer program products, and the computer program products may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory, etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 310 may run the program instructions to implement the client functions (implemented by the processor) and / or other desired functions in the embodiments of the present application described herein. Various application programs and various data may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium, such as various data used and / or generated by the application programs, etc.

[0137] The determination system 300 may further include an input device and an output device, and these components are interconnected through a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms. It should be noted that Figure 4 the components and structures of the determination system 300 shown are exemplary and not restrictive. According to needs, the determination system 300 may also have other components and structures.

[0138] The input device can be a device used by a user to input instructions and can include one or more of a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a touch screen, etc. In addition, the input device can also be any interface for receiving information.

[0139] The output device can output various information (such as images or sounds) to the outside (such as a user) and can include one or more of a display, a speaker, etc. In addition, the output device can also be any other device with an output function.

[0140] Exemplarily, the exemplary determination system 300 for implementing the determination method 100 according to the embodiments of the present application can be applied to electronic devices such as a terminal device (such as a mobile phone), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a handheld computer, a netbook, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, smart glasses or a smart helmet, etc.), an augmented reality (AR), a virtual reality (VR) device, a smart home device, an in-vehicle computer, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make any restrictions thereon.

[0141] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific operations of the determination system 300 for implementing the determination method 100 according to the embodiments of the present application in combination with the content described above. For the sake of brevity, the specific details are not described herein again, and only some main operations of the processor 310 are described.

[0142] In one embodiment of the present application, when the executable program runs on the processor 310, the processor 310 is caused to perform the following steps: based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structural plane group corresponding to the fissure network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, determine the fissure probability density function and its parameters at different positions of the slope to be repaired; based on the statistical rock mass mechanics theory and the dominant attitude, average radius, density and gap width of each rock mass structural plane group output by the fissure network model, calculate the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fissures; based on Fick's law and the moisture diffusion coefficient, calculate the diffusion flux per unit time through a unit area in the rock mass, and based on the diffusion flux, determine the length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil body driven into the slope to be repaired; convert the fissure probability density function at different positions of the slope to be repaired into a corresponding fissure length function, and based on the fissure length function, determine the number of anchor rods driven along the slope direction of the slope to be repaired; calculate the total water output of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable hole, and based on the total water output of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point being greater than the target water replenishment amount of each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable hole being greater than the soil permeability coefficient, determine the upper threshold value of the inner diameter of the anchor rod; respectively calculate the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient for the rock mass layer and the soil layer considering slope stability, and based on the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient being less than 1 respectively, determine the lower threshold value of the inner diameter of the anchor rod.

[0143] The above has exemplarily shown the determination method 100 according to the embodiments of the present application. Next, in combination with Figure 5 describe the computer device 400 provided in another aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

[0144] Refer to Figure 5 to describe the exemplary computer device 400 for implementing the determination method of the embodiments of the present application. The computer device 400 may include a probability density function determination module 410, a moisture diffusion coefficient calculation module 420, a first section of pipe body length determination module 430, a slope direction anchor rod number determination module 440, a lower threshold value determination module 450, and an upper threshold value determination module 460. Among them:

[0145] The probability density function determination module 410 is configured to: based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structural plane group corresponding to the fissure network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, determine the fissure probability density function and its parameters at different positions of the slope to be repaired.

[0146] The moisture diffusion coefficient calculation module 420 is configured to: based on the statistical rock mass mechanics theory and the dominant attitude, average radius, density and gap width of each rock mass structural plane group output by the fissure network model, calculate the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fissures.

[0147] The first - stage pipe body length determination module 430 is configured to: calculate the diffusion flux per unit area per unit time in the rock mass based on Fick's law and the moisture diffusion coefficient, and determine the length of the first - stage pipe body of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil mass driven into the slope to be repaired based on the diffusion flux.

[0148] The slope - direction anchor rod quantity determination module 440 is configured to: convert the crack probability density function at different positions of the slope to be repaired into a corresponding crack length function, and determine the number of anchor rods driven along the slope direction of the slope to be repaired based on the crack length function.

[0149] The lower - limit threshold determination module 450 is configured to: calculate the rock - mass stability coefficient and the soil - mass stability coefficient for the rock mass layer and the soil mass layer respectively considering slope stability, and determine the lower - limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod based on the fact that the rock - mass stability coefficient and the soil - mass stability coefficient are both less than 1.

[0150] The upper - limit threshold determination module 460 is configured to: calculate the total water output of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable hole, and determine the upper - limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod based on the fact that the total water output of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment amount of each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable hole is greater than the soil permeability coefficient.

[0151] The computer device 400 provided by the embodiment of the present invention can quickly and accurately determine the length, the slope - direction arrangement quantity (density), and the range of the inner diameter of the anchor rod in the early stage.

[0152] In addition, according to the embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, it is used to execute the corresponding steps of the determination method 100 of the embodiment of the present application. The storage medium may include, for example, a memory card of a smart phone, a storage component of a tablet computer, a hard disk of a personal computer, a read - only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read - only memory (EPROM), a portable compact disc read - only memory (CD - ROM), a USB memory, or any combination of the above storage media. The computer - readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer - readable storage media.

[0153] In addition, according to the embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the determination method of the embodiment of the present application are implemented.

[0154] Although example embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above example embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application thereto. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes and modifications therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as claimed by the appended claims.

[0155] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0156] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0157] In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments rather than other features, the combination of the features of different embodiments means that it is within the scope of the present application and forms different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0158] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate rather than limit the present application, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present application can be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims listing several devices, several of these devices can be embodied by the same hardware item. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not denote any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

[0159] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of this application or the description of the specific implementation manner. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by this application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should be covered within the protection scope of this application. The protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining a water replenishing device for ecological restoration of rocky slopes, the water replenishing device being a hollow anchor rod with a closed bottom end and an open top end, the anchor rod including a first section of pipe body for driving into the rock and soil mass of the slope to be restored and a second section of pipe body exposed outside, the first section of pipe body having water permeable holes for water replenishing uniformly spaced along the axial direction from the bottom end upwards, characterized in that, The determination method includes: Based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structural characteristics of each rock mass structural plane group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, determining the fracture probability density function and its parameters at different positions of the slope to be repaired; Based on the statistical rock mechanics theory and the dominant occurrence, average radius, density, and fracture width of each rock mass structural plane group output by the fracture network model, calculating the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fractures; Based on Fick's law and the moisture diffusion coefficient, calculating the diffusion flux passing through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass, and based on the diffusion flux, determining the length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the geotechnical body driven into the slope to be repaired; Converting the fracture probability density function at different positions of the slope to be repaired into a corresponding fracture length function, and based on the fracture length function, determining the number of anchor rods driven along the slope direction of the slope to be repaired; Calculating the total water output of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable holes, and based on the total water output of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point being greater than the target water replenishment amount of each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable holes being greater than the soil permeability coefficient, determining the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod; Considering the slope stability, respectively calculating the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient for the rock mass layer and the soil layer, and based on the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient being less than 1 respectively, determining the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod.

2. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the fracture probability density function and its parameters at different positions of the slope to be repaired specifically refers to: The fracture probability density function at different positions of the slope to be repaired where s is the horizontal position coordinate of the crack in the rectangular coordinate system, μ is the mean value of s; σ 2 is the variance; Among them, n is the total number of fractures, s i is the horizontal position coordinate corresponding to the fracture with the serial number i.

3. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation of the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fractures specifically refers to: The moisture diffusion coefficient in the fractures Wherein, d0 is the spacing of the fractures, a is the influence of the fracture geometric structure on water diffusion, and its value range is between 1.4 - 1.8; ρ is the density of the fractures, r is the average radius of the fractures, b is the fracture width of the rock mass at the anchor rod installation position, D0 is the diffusion coefficient in homogeneous rock, which is determined by pre-experiment; S is the average spacing of the fractures.

4. The determination method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation of the diffusion flux passing through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass specifically refers to: The diffusion flux passing through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass Among them, is the water vapor concentration gradient; The determination of the length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the geotechnical body driven into the slope to be repaired specifically refers to: The length of the first section of the pipe body of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the geotechnical body driven into the slope to be repaired ψ is the porosity of rock fractures; λb is the additional porosity contributed by fractures; z l is the water head height at the fracture, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

5. The determination method according to claim 2, wherein The conversion of the fracture probability density function at different positions of the slope to be repaired into a corresponding fracture length function specifically refers to: The fracture length function Among them, f h (x) represents the fracture probability density function at the vertical height h of the slope and the horizontal position coordinate x. k is the correlation coefficient describing the fracture length, which is a certain quantity; β is the dip angle of the rock mass fracture; The determination of the number of anchor rods driven along the slope direction of the slope to be repaired based on the fracture length function specifically refers to: Calculate the number of rock bolts N driven along the slope direction based on the following formula o Among them, L hj (x) represents the fracture length function corresponding to the j-th anchor bolt installed sequentially along the slope direction, and H is the height of the slope to be repaired.

6. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation of the total water output of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable holes specifically refers to: The total water output of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point Q r = A k * v Among them, Q r is the water output of a single water permeable hole, v is the water outflow velocity of the water permeable hole, and A k is the area of the water permeable hole, which is a fixed value; z k is the effective water head difference at the water permeable hole; d is the inner diameter of the anchor rod, and C d is the flow coefficient of the anchor rod, which is obtained through the water permeability test of the anchor rod under the determined disclosure and is a fixed value; M is the number of water permeable holes provided on the anchor rod, which is an integer selected according to actual needs and is restricted by the following expression (M - 1)*p < L1 Wherein, p is the spacing between the permeable holes, which is a certain value; The determination of the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod based on the total water output of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point being greater than the target water replenishment amount of each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable holes being greater than the soil permeability coefficient specifically refers to: Q t > Q b = η * K c · ET0 Among them, Q b is the target water replenishment volume of the water replenishment point, which is pre-determined according to the actual situation; η is the effective water replenishment rate of the water replenishment point, Kc is the vegetation evaporation coefficient; ET0 is the potential evapotranspiration of the plants planted corresponding to the water replenishment point, k s is the soil permeability coefficient, which is a certain amount.

7. The determination method according to claim 6, wherein Based on the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer being less than 1 respectively, the lower threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined, specifically referring to: Rock mass layer stability coefficient F s1 P1 = q·v·w·A1 Wherein, G1 is the self-weight of the rock mass, P1 is the seepage force on the fracture surface, q is the permeability coefficient of water in the homogeneous rock mass, w is the hydraulic gradient, A1 is the area of the medium surface subjected to the seepage force, c and φ are the cohesion and internal friction angle of the rock mass, and σ' is the vertical stress of the rock mass; Soil layer stability coefficient F s2 P2 = γ ω *A2*z Δθ1 = m*(Q s1 - Q i1 ) Among them, γ w is the unit weight of water, z is the water potential gradient of the soil mass, A2 is the cross-sectional area of the soil layer, G2 is the unit weight of the soil mass under soil infiltration, P2 is the seepage force in the soil mass, c n , φ n are the cohesion and internal friction angle of the soil-rock interface respectively, σ n is the vertical stress of the soil mass, ζ is the angle between the anchor rod and the vertical direction, θ is the water content in the soil mass, Δθ1 is the difference in soil saturation, Q s1 is the saturated water content of the soil mass, Q i1 is the initial volumetric water content, and m is the porosity.

8. The determination method according to claim 6, wherein The effective water replenishment rate η of the water replenishment point and the potential evapotranspiration ET0 of the plant are respectively Among them, k1 and k2 are both the main permeability coefficients of the rock mass, α1 is the angle between the major axis of the permeability ellipse and the line connecting the water recharge area and the foot of the water-bearing zone, α2 is the angle between the major axis of the permeability ellipse and the line connecting the water recharge area and the top of the water-bearing zone, γ is the effective water recharge range, Δ is the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure curve, R n is the net radiation on the plant surface, G is the soil heat flux, t is the psychrometer constant, T is the daily average air temperature at a height of 2 m, u2 is the wind speed at a height of 2 m, e s is the saturated water vapor pressure, e a is the actual water vapor pressure.

9. A water supply device determination system for ecological restoration of rocky slopes, characterized in that, The determination system includes: A memory for storing computer-executable instructions; A processor for implementing the determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory.

10. A storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein, The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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