Fabricated building design method based on BIM software

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building design, in particular to a fabricated building design method based on BIM software, which comprises the following steps: analyzing component connection paths and the number of nodes, sorting by combining installation directions and space numbers, generating classification codes, analyzing node connection and support states, and comparing the matching relationship of lower nodes to adjust an arrangement sequence. And constructing envelope shell detection collision, analyzing the relationship between the gravity center and the boundary, adjusting configuration, optimizing a hoisting sequence, and outputting a segmented sequence. According to the method, the continuity of the connection path of the prefabricated building component and the number of the nodes are refined, the participation sequence and the space number are combined, sorting and identification are carried out according to the construction size, the connection relation and the space layout are integrated, the arrangement sequence is dynamically adjusted, the supporting state is checked in real time, and the space conflict record is generated; through center-of-gravity shift and height difference sorting, the component positioning and path assembly sequence is optimized, and the resource utilization and assembly accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of architectural design, and in particular, to a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software. Background Art

[0002] The technical field of architectural design includes the layout design of building floors, the design of structural systems, the arrangement of components and the construction and expression of coordination relationships. Through the integration of multi-dimensional information and the optimization of spatial organization, the systematic expression of buildings from the conceptual design stage to the detailed design stage is realized. Combining the integrated development of information technology and building industrialization, digital modeling tools and parametric design logics are gradually introduced into architectural design technology to support the integrated expression of complex components, standardized modules and construction coordination, and to realize the development from the traditional two-dimensional drawing expression method to an information integration platform based on three-dimensional models, which is widely applied to various industrial and civil building projects, including prefabricated buildings, modular buildings, and precast component buildings. Among them, the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software refers to a method of modeling, layout and management of standard components, component connection nodes, structural system combination methods and component layout logics of prefabricated buildings by using building information modeling software, covering the construction of a prefabricated building component library, the definition of component parameter rules, the realization of three-dimensional modeling for component positioning and layout, and the visual expression of connection relationships between components, including generating the geometric forms and construction information of standardized components by using component family templates, automatically creating components of different specifications by setting component parameters, arranging components and checking for collisions by using a building information modeling platform, completing the spatial layout of the overall structure and the expression of node structures by combining three-dimensional view tools, and realizing the synchronous update of component information between the design model and construction drawings through model linking, to support the constructability analysis and assembly logic verification of prefabricated buildings in the design stage.

[0003] When dealing with component layout and spatial relationship expression, traditional prefabricated building design methods rely on manual numbering and manual proofreading of two-dimensional drawings, resulting in problems such as fragmented layout information and cumbersome adjustment of component parameters. When facing complex nodes and components of multiple specifications, it is difficult to accurately detect spatial conflicts at an early stage, the connection sequence of nodes and the structural force transmission path cannot be sorted efficiently, and the layout logic lacks dynamic linkage, resulting in difficulties in timely synchronous adjustment of the design model and construction drawings in scenarios such as spatial occlusion, incorrect node matching or unreasonable hoisting sequence, leading to spatial conflicts, component misassembly and lag in adjustment in the subsequent assembly stage, affecting the overall construction efficiency and design accuracy of prefabricated buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and to propose a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An assembly building design method based on BIM software, comprising the following steps: S1: Using the building information model, analyze the path continuity and node quantity difference between component connection numbers, judge the participation sequence of components in the force transmission path, and combine the component installation direction and spatial layout number to perform structural dimension sorting and character splicing to obtain a classification code segment; S2: Using the classification code segment, analyze the connection situation between the lower nodes of the component and the components already arranged, screen the locking state of the node support components, compare the matching relationship between the lower nodes of the current component and the registered nodes, adjust the arrangement permission and arrangement order, and generate support state characteristic information; S3: Using the support state characteristic information, analyze the continuity of the edge space coordinates of the component, construct a boundary closed envelope shell, compare the overlapping areas of adjacent component shells, and record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur to obtain a collision component detection record; S4: According to the collision component detection record, calculate the offset distance between the center of gravity of the component and the center of the bottom surface, analyze the geometric alignment relationship between the boundary contour and the center of gravity axis, and set the design adjustment constraint range of the component to obtain a component adjustment configuration.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention, the classification code segment includes component number attribution, layout positioning identifier, and character segment combination type. The support state characteristic information includes node connection relationship status, layout order adjustment mark, and unmatched node number. The collision component detection record includes spatial embedding area, boundary shell overlapping relationship, and point set distribution density. The component adjustment configuration is specifically the offset of the center of gravity position, contour alignment relationship, and design adjustment boundary.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps for obtaining the classification code segment are as follows: S111: Using the building information model, obtain the path information between component connection numbers, analyze the continuity of the number paths, and compare the node quantity difference of each path to obtain a number path analysis result; S112: According to the number path analysis result, judge the participation sequence of components in the force transmission path, and call the corresponding relationship between the installation direction number and the spatial layout number to obtain component participation sequence information; S113: Based on the component participation sequence information, perform sorting and character segment splicing in combination with structural dimension parameters to obtain component number attribution and layout positioning identifier, and obtain a classification code segment.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps for obtaining the support state characteristic information are as follows: S211: Obtain the classification code segment, analyze the connection situation between the lower nodes of the component and the components already arranged, screen the locking status of the node support components and the record of boundary number arrangement, and obtain the support node status value; S212: Invoke the support node status value, compare the matching result between the lower connection node numbers of the current component and the list of registered node numbers, identify the unmatched node numbers, and generate the node matching difference quantity; S213: According to the node matching difference quantity, adjust the component arrangement permission and arrangement order, obtain the component bearing arrangement situation of each node, and generate the support status feature information.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the collision component detection record is specifically as follows: S311: Utilize the support status feature information, extract the spatial coordinates of the edge points of the component, analyze the coordinate differences between the edge points of adjacent components, calculate the distribution density of the point set, screen the corner points that meet the equal-spacing standard and form a three-dimensional node group, and generate a continuous boundary node group; S312: According to the continuous boundary node group, construct the smallest closed boundary region including all nodes and output the envelope shell, calculate the overlapping region of the envelope shells of adjacent components, analyze the overlapping degree, and obtain the envelope shell overlapping region; S313: Based on the envelope shell overlapping region, calculate the volume of the overlapping region and the spatial distribution density of the point set in the visible region, analyze the density and embedding situation of the point set in the intersection region, calculate the collision degree coefficient, detect and record the spatial regions where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain the collision component detection record.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the component adjustment configuration is specifically as follows: S411: Based on the collision component detection record, obtain the geometric center point coordinates and the bottom reference center coordinates of the component, calculate the offset distance between the center of gravity of the component and the center of the bottom surface, and obtain the center of gravity offset distance value; S412: According to the center of gravity offset distance value, collect the coordinates of the outer edge corner points, invoke the data of the center of gravity axis direction of the component, compare the included angle between the main direction of the boundary contour and the center of gravity axis direction, and combine the spatial offset relationship to calculate the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the center of gravity axis direction, and obtain the geometric alignment relationship parameter; S413: Invoke the geometric alignment relationship parameter, combine the data of the connection lines of the corner points, judge the distribution relationship of the outer contour shape, and based on the alignment relationship parameter and the consistency of the outer contour boundary, set the design adjustment constraint range of the component, and obtain the component adjustment configuration.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the method further includes: S5: Adjust the configuration using the components, analyze the vertical height difference distribution between the center of gravity position of each component and the hoisting connection point, screen the component groups with the same hoisting direction and center of gravity direction, analyze the height fluctuation range between the hoisting heights of the components, and use the height difference sequence to adjust the path assembly sequence of the components in the spatial layout diagram to obtain a segmented sequence of the path hoisting sequence; The segmented sequence of the path hoisting sequence specifically refers to the grouped components with the same hoisting direction, the sorting result of the hoisting path, and the height difference change interval.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps for obtaining the segmented sequence of the path hoisting sequence are as follows: S511: Obtain the adjusted configuration of the components, collect the vertical coordinates of the center of gravity position of the components and the hoisting connection points, calculate the vertical difference between the hoisting connection point and the center of gravity of each component, and generate component vertical height difference data; S512: According to the component vertical height difference data, screen the component groups with the same hoisting direction and center of gravity direction, extract the hoisting heights of the grouped components, calculate the dispersion score of the hoisting heights, and obtain the fluctuation range index; S513: Call the fluctuation range index, combine it with the component vertical height difference data, collect the start and end sequences of each group in the spatial layout diagram, adjust the path sequence of the components within the group, and obtain a segmented sequence of the path hoisting sequence.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, through the continuous analysis of the connection path of prefabricated building components and the refinement of the number of nodes, the participation order of components in the force transmission path is combined with the actual layout space numbering, and accurate sorting and identification are completed according to the structural dimensions, so that the connection relationship, spatial layout and geometric parameters of various components are efficiently integrated. The layout permissions and arrangement sequences are dynamically adjusted using component connection and spatial positioning information, the state of the support nodes is checked, and a structural space conflict record is generated in real time. By calculating the offset relationship between the center of gravity of the component and the boundary contour and the height difference sorting, the linkage optimization of component positioning, collision detection and path assembly sequence is realized, the utilization efficiency of space resources and the accuracy of the component assembly process are improved, and the consistency of various parameters in the overall structure layout process is ensured, promoting the automation and systematization process of prefabricated buildings from parameter setting, spatial arrangement to construction preparation. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main steps of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flowchart for obtaining the classification coding segment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a flowchart for obtaining the support state characteristic information of the present invention; Figure 4Flowchart for obtaining collision component detection records of the present invention; Figure 5 Flowchart for obtaining component adjustment configurations of the present invention; Figure 6 Flowchart for obtaining the segmented sequence of the path hoisting order of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0016] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution, an assembly building design method based on BIM software, including the following steps: S1: Using the building information model, analyze the path continuity and node quantity difference between component connection numbers, judge the participation sequence of components in the force transmission path, and combine the component installation direction and spatial layout number to perform construction dimension sorting and character splicing to obtain a classification code segment; S2: Using the classification code segment, analyze the connection situation between the lower nodes of the component and the already arranged components, screen the locking state of the node support components, compare the matching relationship between the lower nodes of the current component and the already registered nodes, adjust the arrangement permission and arrangement order, and generate support state characteristic information; S3: Using the support state characteristic information, analyze the continuity of the edge space coordinates of the component, construct a boundary closed envelope shell, compare the overlapping areas of adjacent component shells, and record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur to obtain collision component detection records; S4: According to the collision component detection records, calculate the offset distance between the component centroid and the bottom center, analyze the geometric alignment relationship between the boundary contour and the centroid axis, and set the design adjustment constraint range of the component to obtain the component adjustment configuration; S5: Use component adjustment configuration to analyze the vertical height difference distribution between the center of gravity position of each component and the hoisting connection point, screen the component groups with the same hoisting direction and center of gravity direction, analyze the height fluctuation range between the hoisting heights of components, and use the height difference sequence to adjust the path assembly sequence of components in the spatial layout diagram to obtain the segmented sequence of path hoisting order.

[0018] The classification and coding segment includes component number attribution, layout positioning identification, and character segment combination type. The support status characteristic information includes node connection relationship status, layout sequence adjustment mark, and unmatched node number. The collision component detection record includes spatial embedding area, boundary shell overlap relationship, and point set distribution density. The component adjustment configuration specifically refers to the center of gravity position offset, contour alignment relationship, and design adjustment boundary. The segmented sequence of path hoisting order specifically refers to the grouped components with the same hoisting direction, the sorting result of the hoisting path, and the height difference change interval.

[0019] Please refer to Figure 2 , and the specific steps for obtaining the classification and coding segment are as follows: S111: Use the building information model to obtain the path information between component connection numbers, analyze the continuity of the number paths, and compare the node number differences of each path to obtain the number path analysis result; First, extract the data of the connection positions of each precast component in the prefabricated building. After clarifying the component number information, select the initial nodes between two numbers, such as component number A1001 and number A1002, and obtain the spatial coordinate data of each node on their connection path. Based on the node spatial coordinate data, calculate the spatial straight-line distance between adjacent nodes in the path one by one. For example, the distance between the first node (x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) and the second node (x = 0, y = 5, z = 0) is 5m, and so on. Calculate the straight-line distance between all adjacent nodes one by one. After obtaining the complete path length value, count the number of nodes in each path. For example, path A contains 10 nodes, path B contains 8 nodes, and path C contains 12 nodes. Sort them in ascending order according to the number of nodes and record them; then compare and calculate the spatial distances between nodes for each path one by one, and record the paths with large node distance fluctuations. Taking the average node spacing of the path as the reference value, select 3 paths for example calculation: Table 1 Comparison table of node distances of number paths

[0020] As shown in Table 1, the number of path nodes and the average spacing are clear. The path node distance fluctuation range is determined by calculating the adjacent node distances, where the average spacing is obtained by dividing the total path length by (the number of nodes minus one); combining the node number sorting and the fluctuation range difference, a clear number path analysis result is formed.

[0021] S112: Based on the analysis result of the numbering path, determine the participation sequence of components in the force transmission path, call the corresponding relationship between the installation direction number and the spatial layout number, and obtain the component participation sequence information; First, based on the sorted path, select path B with fewer nodes and a smaller fluctuation range as the preferred path for force transmission, and check the node information of this path one by one; call the installation direction number, for example, the installation direction number D01 corresponds to the spatial layout number K01, and the installation direction number D02 corresponds to the spatial layout number K02; then compare the position coordinates of the installation direction number and the corresponding spatial layout number one by one to clarify the spatial sequence of component numbers during installation. Taking an example: the spatial coordinate corresponding to the installation direction number D01 is (10, 0, 5), and the coordinate of the spatial layout number K01 is also (10, 0, 5), confirming the match; then check the installation direction number D02 and the spatial layout number K02 to confirm the match of the spatial coordinates; complete the verification of all numbers in the path and the confirmation of the coordinate matching relationship in sequence, determine the accurate participation sequence of components in the force transmission path, clarify the component participation order of all nodes in the path, and record to obtain the component participation sequence information.

[0022] S113: Based on the component participation sequence information, perform sorting and character segment splicing in combination with the structural dimension parameters to obtain the component number attribution and layout positioning identifier, and obtain the classification coding segment; First, select the dimension parameters of each component in the sequence. For example, the length of component A1001 is 4.5m, the width is 1.2m, and the height is 0.6m, and the length of component A1002 is 3.5m, the width is 1.5m, and the height is 0.6m. Determine the geometric dimension values of the components one by one; sort the component sequence information, and the sorting basis is the y-axis value in the component installation space coordinates, arranging from small to large. Based on the y-axis data of the spatial coordinates, such as component A1001 (y = 0), component A1002 (y = 5), clarify the sequence order; on the basis of sorting, splice the character segments of the component geometric dimensions and the sorting positions in sequence, such as splicing the component length (retaining 1 decimal place) and the installation sequence number, "A1001 - 4.5 - 01", "A1002 - 3.5 - 02", and clarify the complete identification characters of the component number attribution and installation position positioning one by one; after completing the above sorting and character segment splicing for all components, form a clear classification coding segment, and record to generate the complete classification coding identification result.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 3 , and the specific steps for obtaining the support state characteristic information are as follows: S211: Obtain the classification coding segment, analyze the connection situation between the lower nodes of the components and the already arranged components, and screen the locking state and boundary number layout records of the node support components to obtain the support node state value; First, select the components to be analyzed one by one from the coding sequence. For example, the component number is A1003. By reading the three-dimensional spatial coordinate data of each node at the bottom of the component, taking the node number N10 below the component as an example, call the spatial coordinate data (x = 12.5m, y = 3.0m, z = 0m). Then, retrieve the records of the components already arranged, such as components A1001 and A1002, and determine the spatial positions of the node numbers N08 (x = 12.5m, y = 0m, z = 0m) and N09 (x = 15.0m, y = 0m, z = 0m) connected to them. By calculating the spatial distance values between N10 and N08, N09, which are 3.0m and 3.9m respectively, clarify the spatial relationship of the lower node connections. Then, clarify the support status of each of the already arranged components one by one. Call the locking status record of each node. Take the node locking record data "1" as the locked status and "0" as the unlocked status. For example, the locking record of node N08 is "1" and that of node N09 is "0". Then, retrieve the arrangement record of the boundary numbers, such as the boundary node number list [N08, N09, N07], and determine whether there are nodes with close position coordinates between node N10 and the boundary number list. By setting a threshold of 0.5m for the spatial distance, calculate the distance difference between node N10 and the nodes in the list and compare it with the threshold to determine the attribution. The distance between node N10 and node N08 is 3.0m, and the distance to N09 is 3.9m, both of which are greater than 0.5m. Therefore, node N10 does not belong to the boundary node record. Then, summarize the connection conditions, locking status, and spatial position records of the boundary numbers of each of the above nodes, and complete the clarification of the support node status value through the above operations.

[0024] S212: Call the support node status value, compare the matching result of the lower connection node number of the current component with the list of registered node numbers, identify the unmatched node numbers, and generate the node matching difference quantity; First, based on the lower node number N10 of the component A1003 to be arranged, call the list of registered node numbers, such as the list record [N01, N02, N03, N04, N08, N09], and perform sequential number-by-number matching comparison. Determine whether N10 is exactly the same as the numbers in the registration list. This is completed through simple number value comparison. The node number N10 does not have the same number in the registration number list, so it is recorded as an unmatched node. Continue to call the lower connection nodes of other components in a similar manner for one-by-one number comparison. For example, the node number N11 matches successfully with the registration number list and is recorded as a matched node. The node number N12 does not match the numbers in the list and is recorded as an unmatched node. And count the total number of all unmatched nodes, which is set as the node matching difference quantity. Clarify the matching status based on the node numbers. Use the node number quantity statistical data as an example of the clear difference calculation, as shown in Table 2: Table 2 Node number matching situation table

[0025] As shown in Table 2, the clear amount of node matching differences is obtained through the process of comparing the numbers in the registered node list.

[0026] S213: According to the amount of node matching differences, adjust the component layout permissions and arrangement order, obtain the component bearing arrangement of each node, and generate the support state characteristic information; First, call the previously recorded list of differential node numbers [N10, N12], and then judge one by one whether the layout permissions of the components corresponding to the differential node numbers are allowed. The layout permission data call base value is set to 0 (prohibited layout) or 1 (allowed layout). Set the initial permission base to 1, and perform the permission value modification operation for each differential node. For example, for the component A1003 corresponding to the node N10, call the initial permission value of the component A1003 as 1, judge whether it needs to be modified, call the judgment basis that whether the node difference amount is greater than 0. The difference amount of the node N10 is 1 (not matched), which is greater than 0. Therefore, modify the layout permission value of the component A1003 to 0, prohibiting the layout of this node. Then judge that the difference amount of the node N12 is also 1, and the permission value is also modified to 0, further completing the permission adjustment. Subsequently, call the component arrangement order number, based on the data of the component position in the y-axis direction of the space coordinate, the initial arrangement serial numbers are the component A1003 (serial number 3), the component A1004 (serial number 4), and the component A1005 (serial number 5) respectively. Then perform the serial number adjustment operation. Conditional on whether there is a node matching difference amount, the serial numbers of the components with a matching difference amount greater than 0 are automatically adjusted backward by one position. For example, the original serial number of the component A1003 is 3, and it is adjusted to serial number 4. The serial number of the component A1004 is adjusted from 4 to 5, and so on until all the component serial number adjustment operations are completed, and the serial number values after the component adjustment are clarified, as shown in Table 3: Table 3 Component Layout Order Adjustment Table

[0027] As shown in Table 3, call the node difference amount to clarify the adjustment permissions and arrangement order data, obtain the clear component bearing arrangement of each node, and finally generate the support state characteristic information.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 4 , and the specific steps for obtaining the collision component detection record are as follows: S311: Use the support state characteristic information to extract the spatial coordinates of the edge points of the components, analyze the coordinate differences between the edge points of adjacent components, calculate the distribution density of the point set, screen the corner points that meet the equal-spacing standard and form a three-dimensional node group, and generate a continuous boundary node group; First, select the component numbers to be analyzed, such as component A2001 and A2002. By calling the component geometric information database, obtain the spatial coordinate data of the edge nodes of each component one by one. The spatial coordinates of the edge nodes of component A2001 are [(0,0,0),(0,3,0),(3,3,0),(3,0,0)], and the edge node coordinates of component A2002 are [(3,0,0),(3,3,0),(6,3,0),(6,0,0)]. Call the coordinates of the adjacent component edge points and calculate the spatial coordinate differences between each pair of edge points. For example, the difference between the node (3,0,0) of component A2001 and the node (3,0,0) of component A2002 is (0m,0m,0m), indicating that the coordinates are exactly the same. Further calculate the spatial straight-line distance between adjacent nodes. For example, the distance between nodes (0,0,0) and (0,3,0) is 3m. Perform this operation on all adjacent nodes one by one and form a node distance array [3m,3m,3m,3m]. Call the standard set value of the node spacing, which is 3m, and compare the deviation between the node spacing value and the standard value one by one. Consider the nodes with a deviation less than 0.1m as qualified nodes. For example, all the node distances in the above array meet the conditions. Record the coordinates of these qualified nodes as the effective corner point coordinate group, and then form a three-dimensional node group with continuous spatial coordinates and uniform spacing, and record it as a continuous boundary node group.

[0029] S312: According to the continuous boundary node group, construct the smallest closed boundary region including all nodes and output the envelope shell. Calculate the overlapping region of the envelope shells of adjacent components, analyze the degree of overlap, and obtain the envelope shell overlapping region; First, call the spatial coordinate points in the node group and call the method for calculating the envelope shell of a convex polyhedron. Use all the node data in the node groups of component A2001 and component A2002 as input to identify the outermost spatial coordinate points in the node group, such as the nodes [(0,0,0),(0,3,0),(6,3,0),(6,0,0)], and determine the closed boundary formed by the maximum distance between these nodes. By connecting these outer contour points in sequence, identify the spatial coordinate points of the complete closed boundary region and construct a closed polyhedron shell based on the outermost nodes. Then, call the shell calculation rules to calculate geometric parameters such as the volume and surface area of the shell. For example, the calculated volume of the shell is 54m 3 , and the surface area of the shell is 54m 2 , and then call the similar operations for adjacent components to respectively determine the overlapping regions of the shells of component A2001 and component A2002. Through spatial intersection calculation, clarify the spatial region coordinates at the intersection of the shells. For example, the intersection region is the spatial region formed by [(3,0,0),(3,3,0)], and calculate its overlapping area to be 9m 2 , and record it as the clear envelope shell overlapping region.

[0030] S313: Based on the overlapping area of the envelope shells, calculate the volume of the overlapping area and the spatial distribution density of the point set within the visible area, analyze the density and embedding situation of the point set in the intersection area, and use the formula: ; Calculate the collision degree coefficient, detect and record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain the collision component detection record; Among them, represents the collision degree coefficient, indicating the degree of interference between components, dimensionless, represents the coincidence degree of the boundary points of the embedded component, indicating the degree of overlap between the boundary point set of one component and the boundary points of another component, a dimensionless parameter, obtained by calculating the coincidence of the boundary point coordinates, represents the density of the boundary points of the occluded component, indicating the density of the boundary points of the occluded component in space, a dimensionless parameter, obtained by calculating the distribution density of the component in space, represents the normalized value of the volume of the intersection area, indicating the volume of the intersection area, obtained by calculating and normalizing the volume of the intersection part of the components, dimensionless, represents the normalized value of the surface area of the component boundary shell, indicating the surface area of the shell surrounding the component, a dimensionless value obtained after normalization, used to measure the space occupied by the component, obtained by calculating the geometric information of the component, represents the normalized value of the component offset, indicating the offset of a single component in space, a dimensionless value obtained after normalization, used to describe the change in the relative position of the component, obtained by calculating the difference between the actual installation position and the theoretical position of the component, represents the total number of components, represents the component index; First, call the explicit coordinate data of the overlapping area to perform volume calculation, call the height data (such as 1m) of the overlapping area between component A2001 and A2002, and the area data 9m 2 , calculate the volume of the overlapping area as 9m 3 , then call the component boundary node data to count the spatial density of the points in the overlapping area between component A2001 and A2002. For example, there are 4 boundary nodes in the overlapping area and the spatial volume is 9m 3 , and the spatial distribution density is clearly calculated as 0.44 per m 3 , call the determination method of the coincidence degree of the boundary points of the embedded component , such as the node coincidence degree is defined as the ratio of the actual overlapping node number to the total node number. The overlapping node number is 2 and the total node number is 8, and the calculated explicit value is 0.25. Then call the density of the boundary points of the occluded component , defined as the ratio of the number of nodes of the occluding component to the total spatial volume. Taking the number of nodes of component A2001 as 4 and the total volume as 54m3 The calculated specific value is 0.074 per m 3 , call the volume normalization value of the intersection area , defined as the ratio of the volume of the intersection area to the total volume of the component, and the calculated value is 9 m 3 / 54 m 3 =0.167, then call the surface area normalization value of the component boundary shell , defined as the ratio of the surface area of the component to the standard area (60 m 2 ), and the specific value is 54 m 2 / 60 m 2 =0.9, call the component offset normalization value , defined by the ratio of the offset distance (0.3 m) between the theoretical and actual positions of the component to the standard offset distance (1 m), and the value is 0.3. Call the collision degree coefficient formula for calculation: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Among them, the collision degree coefficient is a dimensionless value, representing the degree of spatial collision or embedding interference between components during the design process of prefabricated buildings. The coefficient measures the severity of the collision by comprehensively considering factors such as the coincidence degree of component boundaries, the volume of the intersection area, the spatial occupancy of components, and the offset. The higher the coefficient value, the more serious the collision or interference between components, resulting in unreasonable design or construction difficulties. The introduction of the coefficient can help designers quantify and identify potential spatial interference problems, providing a basis for subsequent component layout optimization. When the collision degree coefficient is relatively high, designers can adjust the position or size of the components to reduce the overlap and interference between components, avoid possible spatial conflicts during construction, help improve the constructability of the design, effectively reduce construction risks, optimize resource allocation, and enhance the overall construction efficiency. The result value of 0.047 clearly indicates that there is a slight collision interference between components. Then call the spatial node data of the components, clearly record the interference position coordinates [(3,0,0),(3,3,0)], and obtain the collision component detection record.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 5 , the specific steps for obtaining the component adjustment configuration are as follows: S411: Based on the collision component detection records, obtain the coordinates of the geometric center point of the component and the coordinates of the bottom reference center, calculate the offset distance between the center of gravity of the component and the center of the bottom surface, and obtain the value of the center of gravity offset distance; First, call the recorded component number, such as A3001, to obtain the coordinate data of the geometric center point of the component and the coordinates of the bottom reference center point. For example, the geometric center point coordinates of component A3001 are (5.0m, 2.0m, 1.5m), and the bottom reference center coordinates are (4.7m, 2.3m, 0m). Subsequently, perform difference operations axis by axis. Calculate the x-axis offset as , the y-axis offset as , and the z-axis offset as . Then, call the three-dimensional space Euclidean distance calculation method. Square the above-mentioned axis-by-axis differences, add them up, and take the square root. The specific calculation is . Obtain the clear center of gravity offset distance value between the center of gravity of component A3001 and the bottom reference center. Perform similar operations for all components to be analyzed one by one, and uniformly record the center of gravity offset distance value for the next step of calling.

[0032] S412: According to the center of gravity offset distance value, collect the coordinates of the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary, call the data of the direction of the center of gravity axis of the component, compare the angle between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the center of gravity axis, and combine the spatial offset relationship. Use the formula: ; Calculate the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the center of gravity axis to obtain the geometric alignment relationship parameter; Among them, is the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the center of gravity axis, is the index letter, indicating the th angle data of the main direction angle of the boundary contour, is the total number of main direction angles of the boundary contour, is the normalization value of the th main direction angle of the boundary contour, obtained by dividing the angle calculated by fitting the main direction line through collecting the coordinates of the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary by the angle reference value, is the normalization value of the direction angle of the center of gravity axis, obtained by dividing the angle of the center of gravity axis direction fitted by extracting the geometric center point and the side length direction of the component by the angle reference value, is the normalization value of the center of gravity offset distance, obtained by calculating the Euclidean distance between the geometric center point of the component and the bottom reference center point and dividing it by the characteristic length of the component, is the normalization value of the length of the connection line of the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary, obtained by calculating the total length of the connection line of the corner points and dividing it by the characteristic length of the component, is the normalization value of the main axis length of the boundary contour, obtained by calculating the main axis length of the boundary contour and dividing it by the characteristic length of the component, is the normalized value of the centroid axis length, obtained by calculating the centroid axis length and dividing it by the characteristic length of the component; First, call the coordinate data of the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary of component A3001, such as [(4.0m, 1.0m), (6.0m, 1.0m), (6.0m, 3.0m), (4.0m, 3.0m)]. Use this data to fit the main direction line of the boundary contour. Take the diagonal connection line determined by the coordinates (4.0m, 1.0m) and (6.0m, 3.0m) as the main direction line, calculate its direction angle in the x - y plane as 45°, and call the angle reference value 90° for normalization to obtain , then call the direction data of the centroid axis of the component. The centroid axis of the component is determined by the connection line between the geometric center (5.0m, 2.0m) and the center of the bottom surface (4.7m, 2.3m). Calculate the direction angle of this axis as 135°, and also normalize to obtain , then call the obtained centroid offset distance value of 1.559m for normalization. Based on the characteristic length of the component of 3.0m (the maximum dimension of the component), obtain , further calculate the total length of the connection lines between the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary. Calculate the connection line lengths between the 4 corner points as 2.0m, 2.0m, 2.0m, 2.0m respectively, and the total length is 8.0m. Normalize to , call the data of the main axis length of the boundary contour as the diagonal length, and calculate the length as , normalize to , calculate the centroid axis length as , normalize to , then call the formula: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Among them, the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the centroid axis refers to the quantitative index of the direction consistency on the plane between the geometric distribution of the main direction of the outer contour of the component and the direction of the centroid axis of the component itself. The parameter reflects the geometric coordination level between the main direction of the component shape and the direction of the internal centroid axis. The smaller the alignment degree value, the more consistent the main direction of the boundary contour is with the direction of the centroid axis, the more regular the overall geometric distribution of the component, and the more balanced the installation positioning and force transmission. The specific effect is that this parameter can be used to judge the rationality of the component in terms of spatial layout and installation direction, provide an accurate alignment criterion basis for the design adjustment constraint range of the component, assist in optimizing the coordination of the component path, lifting direction and centroid direction, and reduce the risks of spatial conflict and unreasonable layout. The result shows that there is an obvious deviation between the main direction of the component boundary contour and the direction of the centroid axis, and a clear geometric alignment relationship parameter is obtained. 。

[0033] S413: Call the geometric alignment relationship parameter, combine the data of the connecting lines of the corner points, judge the distribution relationship of the outer contour shape, and set the design adjustment constraint range of the component according to the alignment relationship parameter and the consistency of the outer contour boundary, so as to obtain the adjusted configuration of the component. Using the geometric alignment relationship parameter , first call the data of the connecting lines of the corner points [(4.0m, 1.0m)-(6.0m, 1.0m)-(6.0m, 3.0m)-(4.0m, 3.0m)-(4.0m, 1.0m)] to judge the distribution of the outer contour shape, and call the alignment parameter threshold range (1.0 - 4.0) as the judgment basis. The specific data is shown in Table 4: Table 4 Correspondence Table between Geometric Alignment Relationship Parameter and Adjustment Constraint Range

[0034] As shown in Table 4, When it is in the obvious deviation interval (3.1 - 4.0), call the clear adjustment constraint range of ±0.15m, set the clear range of the component adjustment configuration as the range extending 0.15m outward from the theoretical boundary line of the component, call the spatial coordinate data to clarify the boundary adjustment range. For example, the original boundary of the component outer contour is from (4.0m, 1.0m) to (6.0m, 3.0m), and the adjusted range is extended to (3.85m, 0.85m)-(6.15m, 3.15m), and clearly record the adjustment configuration range of the component.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 6 , and the specific steps for obtaining the segmented sequence of the path lifting order are as follows: S511: Obtain the adjusted configuration of the component, collect the vertical coordinates of the centroid position and the lifting connection points of the component, calculate the vertical difference between each lifting connection point of the component and the centroid, and generate the vertical height difference data of the component. First, call the recorded component numbers, such as component B4001 and component B4002, and collect the vertical coordinate data of their centroid positions and hoisting connection points respectively. The vertical coordinate of the centroid of component B4001 is , and the coordinate of the hoisting connection point is . The vertical coordinate of the centroid of component B4002 is , and the coordinate of the hoisting connection point is . Respectively perform difference operations to calculate that the vertical difference of component B4001 is , and the vertical difference of component B4002 is . Calculate the vertical differences of all components in a similar manner and summarize the data to form clear vertical height difference data of the components for use in the next analysis.

[0036] S512: According to the vertical height difference data of the components, screen the component groups where the hoisting direction of the components is consistent with the centroid direction, extract the hoisting height of the grouped components, and use the formula: ; Calculate the hoisting height dispersion score and obtain the fluctuation range index; Among them, is the hoisting height dispersion score of the group, is the number of components in the group, is the index number, indicating the th component in the group, is the hoisting height normalization value of the th component, which is obtained by dividing the actual hoisting height of the th component by the maximum hoisting height of the group, is the average hoisting height normalization value within the group, which is obtained by taking the average of all ; is the median hoisting height normalization value of all components within the group, which is obtained by selecting the middle value after arranging all in ascending order, is the hoisting height normalization amplitude within the group, which is obtained by subtracting the minimum hoisting height normalization value from the maximum hoisting height normalization value of the group, is the sum of the absolute values of the normalized vertical height differences of each component within the group, which is obtained by dividing the actual vertical height difference between the centroid and the hoisting connection point of each component by the maximum hoisting height of the group, taking the absolute value, and then accumulating; First, call the vertical difference data, screen the component groups where the hoisting direction is consistent with the centroid direction, clarify that both component B4001 and B4002 meet the condition that the hoisting point is higher than the centroid coordinate, and divide them into the same group. Call the hoisting height data of component B4001 and B4002 respectively as and , and calculate the maximum height value within the group as , then perform normalization calculation. The normalization value of component B4001 is , and the normalization value of component B4002 is , then calculate the normalized average value . The median is 0.936. Call the amplitude , then call the sum of the normalized absolute values of the vertical height differences. For component B4001, it is , and for component B4002, it is . The sum is . Substitute into the formula: ; ; , ; ; ; ; Among them, the hoisting height dispersion score refers to quantifying and reflecting the dispersion and non-uniformity of the hoisting heights of all components within a group in space through multiple normalization distribution characteristics. The larger the score value, the stronger the difference and distribution fluctuation of the hoisting heights of each component within the same group, and the more the sense of spatial hierarchy and the complexity of the construction steps increase. The specific effect is that this score can provide highly sensitive data criteria for links such as automatic path arrangement, hoisting task batch segmentation, and construction sequence division, help identify key component groups that need to prioritize or uniformly adjust the hoisting path, and assist in reducing path conflicts and optimizing the hoisting operation rhythm. The obtained hoisting height dispersion score is , and the numerical value indicates that the hoisting height fluctuation of the group is within a relatively small range, and a clear fluctuation range index is obtained.

[0037] S513: Call the fluctuation range index, combine it with the component vertical height difference data, collect the start and end sequences of each group in the spatial layout diagram, and adjust the path order of the components within the group to obtain the path hoisting order segmentation sequence; Utilize the fluctuation range index , call the aforementioned vertical height difference data, and combine it with the start and end sequences of the spatial layout diagram of the group for calling. For example, the start point of the layout diagram of component B4001 is (1.0m, 1.0m), the end point is (2.0m, 3.0m), the start point of component B4002 is (1.5m, 1.0m), and the end point is (2.5m, 3.0m). Determine the component path order adjustment strategy by comparing the fluctuation range index with the preset grading standard (see Table 5).

[0038] Table 5 Fluctuation range index and path order adjustment strategy table

[0039] As shown in Table 5, the exponent is within a relatively small fluctuation range. The clear path sequence is fine-tuned such that component B4001 changes from serial number 1 to serial number 2, and component B4002 changes from serial number 2 to serial number 1. After adjustment, the component path sequence in the space layout diagram is clearly component B4002 → component B4001, obtaining clear path hoisting sequence segmented sequence data.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembly building design method based on BIM software, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1: Using the building information model, analyze the path continuity and the difference in the number of nodes between component connection numbers, judge the participation sequence of components in the force transmission path, and combine the component installation direction and the spatial layout number to perform sorting of structural dimensions and character splicing to obtain a classification coding segment; S2: Using the classification coding segment, analyze the connection of the lower nodes of the component with the already arranged components, screen the locking state of the node support components, compare the matching relationship between the lower nodes of the current component and the already registered nodes, and adjust the arrangement permission and the arrangement order to generate support state characteristic information; S3: Using the support state characteristic information, analyze the continuity of the edge space coordinates of the component, construct a boundary closed envelope shell, compare the overlapping areas of adjacent component shells, and record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur to obtain a collision component detection record; S4: According to the collision component detection record, calculate the offset distance between the center of gravity of the component and the center of the bottom surface, analyze the geometric alignment relationship between the boundary contour and the center of gravity axis, and set the design adjustment constraint range of the component to obtain a component adjustment configuration.

2. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software according to claim 1, wherein, The classification coding segment includes the component number attribution, the layout positioning identifier, and the character segment combination type. The support state characteristic information includes the node connection relationship state, the layout order adjustment mark, and the unmatched node number. The collision component detection record includes the spatial embedding area, the boundary shell overlapping relationship, and the point set distribution density. The component adjustment configuration is specifically the center of gravity position offset, the contour alignment relationship, and the design adjustment boundary.

3. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the classification coding segment are as follows: S111: Using the building information model, obtain the path information between component connection numbers, analyze the continuity of the number paths, and compare the difference in the number of nodes of each path to obtain a number path analysis result; S112: According to the number path analysis result, judge the participation sequence of components in the force transmission path, and call the corresponding relationship between the installation direction number and the spatial layout number to obtain component participation sequence information; S113: Based on the component participation sequence information, combine the structural dimension parameters to perform sorting and character segment splicing, obtain the component number attribution and the layout positioning identifier, and obtain the classification coding segment.

4. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software according to claim 3, characterized in that The specific steps for obtaining the support state characteristic information are as follows: S211: Obtain the classification coding segment, analyze the connection of the lower nodes of the component with the already arranged components, and screen the locking state of the node support components and the boundary number layout record to obtain a support node state value; S212: Call the support node state value, compare the matching result between the lower connection node number of the current component and the list of already registered node numbers, identify the unmatched node numbers, and generate a node matching difference amount; S213: According to the node matching difference amount, adjust the component arrangement permission and the arrangement order, obtain the component bearing arrangement of each node, and generate support state characteristic information.

5. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software according to claim 4, wherein, The specific steps for obtaining the collision component detection record are as follows: S311: Using the support state feature information, extract the spatial coordinates of the edge points of the component, analyze the coordinate differences between the edge points of adjacent components, calculate the distribution density of the point set, screen the corner points that meet the equal-spacing standard and form a three-dimensional node group, and generate a continuous boundary node group; S312: According to the continuous boundary node group, construct the smallest closed boundary region including all nodes and output the envelope shell, calculate the overlapping region of the envelope shells of adjacent components, analyze the degree of overlap, and obtain the overlapping region of the envelope shells; S313: Based on the overlapping region of the envelope shells, calculate the volume of the overlapping region and the spatial distribution density of the point set in the visible region, analyze the density and embedding situation of the point set in the intersection region, calculate the collision degree coefficient, detect and record the spatial regions where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain the collision component detection record.

6. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software according to claim 5, characterized in that The acquisition steps of the component adjustment configuration are specifically as follows: S411: Based on the collision component detection record, obtain the geometric center point coordinates and the bottom reference center coordinates of the component, calculate the offset distance between the center of gravity of the component and the center of the bottom surface, and obtain the value of the center of gravity offset distance; S412: According to the value of the center of gravity offset distance, collect the coordinates of the corner points of the outer edge of the boundary, call the data of the direction of the center of gravity axis of the component, compare the included angle between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the center of gravity axis, and combine the spatial offset relationship to calculate the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the center of gravity axis, and obtain the geometric alignment relationship parameter; S413: Call the geometric alignment relationship parameter, combine the data of the connection lines of the corner points, judge the distribution relationship of the outer contour shape, and set the design adjustment constraint range of the component according to the alignment relationship parameter and the consistency of the outer contour boundary, and obtain the component adjustment configuration.

7. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: S5: Using the component adjustment configuration, analyze the vertical height difference distribution between the center of gravity position of each component and the lifting connection point, screen the component groups with the same lifting direction and the center of gravity direction, analyze the height fluctuation range between the lifting heights of the components, and use the height difference order to adjust the path assembly order of the components in the spatial layout diagram to obtain the segmented sequence of the path lifting order; The segmented sequence of the path lifting order specifically refers to the grouped lifting direction, the sorting result of the lifting path, and the height difference change interval.

8. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software according to claim 7, wherein The acquisition steps of the segmented sequence of the path lifting order are specifically as follows: S511: Obtain the component adjustment configuration, collect the vertical coordinates of the center of gravity position and the lifting connection point of the component, calculate the vertical difference between the lifting connection point and the center of gravity of each component, and generate the vertical height difference data of the component; S512: According to the vertical height difference data of the component, screen the component groups with the same lifting direction and the center of gravity direction, extract the lifting heights of the grouped components, calculate the dispersion score of the lifting height, and obtain the fluctuation range index; S513: Call the fluctuation range index, combine the vertical height difference data of the component, collect the start and end sequences of each group in the spatial layout diagram, and adjust the path order of the components within the group to obtain the segmented sequence of the path lifting order.

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