Fire alarm method and device and train

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire alarm method and device and a train, and relates to the field of fire monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the detection of fire feature parameters of a to-be-detected region according to a preset period; adjusting a detection threshold based on the environmental dust value; according to the detection threshold value and the detection value of the fire characteristic parameter, when the fire characteristic parameter is abnormal, continuously detecting an alarm area within a preset detection time; if the abnormity does not occur in the preset detection time, recording early warning information; and if the abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, determining that the fire occurs, and controlling a fire extinguishing device arranged in the vehicle to extinguish the fire. The active fire extinguishing function is provided, the fire extinguishing condition needs to be met, and the fire extinguishing safety is improved. And multi-parameter detection of smoke, temperature, flame and electric arc is used, so that the detection accuracy is improved. And the detection threshold is adjusted based on the environmental dust value, so that interference on smoke detection due to too high environmental dust value is avoided, and the detection accuracy is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire monitoring, and particularly to a fire alarm method, device and train. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the informatization level of rail vehicles, vehicles are becoming more and more intelligent. The traditional smoke alarm system can no longer meet the requirements of vehicle operation and maintenance. The traditional smoke alarm system can only detect fires, but it cannot perform any processing on the detected fires after obtaining the results. It requires the crew to extinguish the fire in the detected area after detecting the fire, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is relatively low. Therefore, more and more vehicles require the addition of an active fire extinguishing function at key positions, which can timely contain the development of the fire and protect the lives and property of the masses when a fire occurs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire alarm method, device and train, which can not only detect fires, but also extinguish the detected fires, providing an active fire extinguishing function. And the detection threshold is adjusted based on the environmental dust value to avoid interference with the detection of smoke due to too high environmental dust value and improve the detection accuracy.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fire alarm method, including:

[0005] Detecting fire characteristic parameters of a to-be-detected area at a preset period to obtain a detection value of the fire characteristic parameters, where the fire characteristic parameters include one or a combination of more of smoke, temperature, flame and electric arc;

[0006] Adjusting a detection threshold based on an environmental dust value;

[0007] Judging whether the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal according to the detection threshold and the detection value of the fire characteristic parameters;

[0008] When the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal for the first time, continuously detecting the area where an alarm appears within a preset detection time, and the preset detection time is shorter than the preset period;

[0009] If no abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, recording a warning message;

[0010] If an abnormality occurs again within the preset detection time, confirming that a fire has occurred;

[0011] When the active fire extinguishing condition is met, controlling a fire extinguishing device arranged in the vehicle to extinguish the fire in the to-be-detected area.

[0012] On the other hand, adjusting the detection threshold based on the environmental dust value includes:

[0013] Obtain the particle concentration in the area to be measured collected within a preset time;

[0014] Based on the particle concentration, determine the dust level of the area to be measured, and the dust level is positively correlated with the particle concentration;

[0015] Adjust the detection threshold to the detection threshold corresponding to the dust level, and the detection threshold is positively correlated with the dust level.

[0016] On the other hand, according to the detection threshold and the detected value of the fire characteristic parameters, determine whether the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal, including:

[0017] When there is a smoke detection value obtained by a smoke detector exceeding the smoke detection threshold, a temperature detection value obtained by a temperature detector exceeding the temperature detection threshold, a flame detection value obtained by a flame detector exceeding the flame detection threshold, or an arc detection value obtained by an arc detector exceeding the arc detection threshold, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred;

[0018] The alarm information includes the alarm time, the alarm location of the detector of the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, and the detected value exceeding the detection threshold.

[0019] On the other hand, when the active fire extinguishing condition is met, control the fire extinguishing device installed in the vehicle to extinguish the fire in the area to be measured, including:

[0020] Trigger the fire alarm linkage on the driver's console display screen;

[0021] Control the display screen to display the video information and alarm information of the area where the alarm appears. The alarm information includes the alarm time, the alarm location of the detector of the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, and the detected value exceeding the detection threshold;

[0022] Pop up the active fire extinguishing button;

[0023] When the active fire extinguishing button is pressed, it is determined that the active fire extinguishing condition is met, and trigger the fire extinguishing device installed in the vehicle to spray and extinguish the fire in the area to be measured.

[0024] On the other hand, before triggering the fire extinguishing device to spray and extinguish the fire in the area to be measured, it further includes:

[0025] Determine the dosage of the fire extinguishing material of the fire extinguishing device, and the expression of the dosage is:

[0026] ;

[0027] Wherein, m is the dosage of the fire extinguishing material, V is the net volume of the area to be measured, S is the vapor specific volume of the fire extinguishing material, S = k1 + k2×T, T is the lowest ambient temperature of the area to be measured, k1 and k2 are both values of altitude correction coefficients, and C is the designed concentration of the fire extinguishing material.

[0028] On the other hand, after the active fire extinguishing button is popped up, it further includes:

[0029] When the driver determines that no fire has occurred, reset the smoke detector, temperature detector, flame detector, and arc detector;

[0030] Record the alarm information as false alarm information;

[0031] The false alarm information includes the fire characteristic parameters that trigger the false alarm, the detected values of the fire characteristic parameters that trigger the false alarm, and the detectors of the fire characteristic parameters that trigger the false alarm.

[0032] On the other hand, it further includes:

[0033] Detect whether there is a short - circuit fault in the power supply bus and communication bus of the train;

[0034] If there is a short - circuit fault, locate the occurrence location of the short - circuit fault;

[0035] Disconnect the isolator connected to both ends of the vehicle where the occurrence location is located;

[0036] After the short - circuit fault is eliminated, reconnect the isolator.

[0037] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a fire alarm device, including:

[0038] A memory for storing computer programs;

[0039] A processor for implementing the steps of the above - mentioned fire alarm method when executing the computer program.

[0040] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a train, including two of the above - mentioned fire alarm devices, and further including a combination of one or more of a smoke detector, a temperature detector, a flame detector, and an arc detector arranged in each vehicle of the train;

[0041] The fire alarm devices are respectively arranged at both ends of the train;

[0042] The smoke detector is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the smoke in the area to be measured, the temperature detector is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the temperature in the area to be measured, the flame detector is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the flame in the area to be measured, and the arc detector is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the arc in the area to be measured.

[0043] On the other hand, it also includes an isolator;

[0044] The isolator is connected in series on the power supply bus and the communication bus between two adjacent vehicles;

[0045] The isolator is used to detect whether there is a short - circuit fault in the power supply bus and the communication bus of the train.

[0046] The present application provides a fire alarm method, device and train, relating to the field of fire monitoring, including: detecting fire characteristic parameters of the area to be measured according to a preset period; adjusting the detection threshold based on the environmental dust value; according to the detection threshold and the detected value of the fire characteristic parameters, when the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal, continuously detecting the area where the alarm occurs within a preset detection time; if no abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, record the early warning information; if an abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, confirm that a fire has occurred, and control the fire - extinguishing device set in the vehicle to extinguish the fire. It provides an active fire - extinguishing function, and the fire - extinguishing conditions need to be met to improve the safety of fire - extinguishing. The use of multi - parameter detection of smoke, temperature, flame and arc improves the detection accuracy. Adjusting the detection threshold based on the environmental dust value can avoid interference with smoke detection due to too high environmental dust value and improve the detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the prior art and the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a fire alarm method provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of another fire alarm method provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fire alarm device provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a train provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0052] The core of the present invention is to provide a fire alarm method, device and train, which can not only detect fires, but also extinguish the occurring fires, providing an active fire extinguishing function. And the detection threshold is adjusted based on the dust value of the environment to avoid interference with the detection of smoke due to too high environmental dust value and improve the accuracy of detection.

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 1 As shown in the flowchart of a fire alarm method provided by the present invention, the fire alarm method includes:

[0055] S11: Detect the fire characteristic parameters of the area to be measured according to a preset period to obtain the detection values of the fire characteristic parameters. The fire characteristic parameters include one or a combination of more of smoke, temperature, flame and electric arc;

[0056] First, determine the positions on each vehicle in the train where detectors can be installed, and install the detectors in the vehicle. Then each vehicle can detect the fire characteristic parameters. The specific fire characteristic parameters can be set according to actual needs. There are corresponding detectors for the fire characteristic parameters, and the detection of the fire characteristic parameters can be completed by installing them in the vehicle.

[0057] Furthermore, the detectors for the fire characteristic parameters can be installed in the upper or lower part of the vehicle according to actual needs, and the present application does not make excessive limitations here.

[0058] The set time of the preset period can be set according to actual needs, but the set time should not be too long.

[0059] S12: Adjust the detection threshold based on the environmental dust value;

[0060] Considering that when the train is running, it may run into an area with a relatively large dust content, and at this time the detection of smoke may be affected.

[0061] For example, when the train runs to a place with a high dust content, there is no fire at this time, but the smoke detection is to detect the particle content in the air. If it exceeds the threshold, it is determined that the smoke detection is abnormal and an alarm is required. But there is no fire at this time, so the accuracy of the fire alarm is reduced.

[0062] Therefore, the detection threshold in this application can be adjusted according to the actual environment. When the environmental dust value is high, the detection threshold can be correspondingly increased to improve the detection accuracy.

[0063] S13: Determine whether the fire characteristic parameter is abnormal according to the detection value of the detection threshold and the fire characteristic parameter; if so, proceed to step S14;

[0064] This application determines whether an abnormality has occurred by comparing the detection value with the detection threshold. If the detection value is greater than the detection threshold, it is determined that the detection item is abnormal. However, at this time, it cannot be determined that a real fault has occurred, and further inference is required.

[0065] S14: Continuously detect the area where the alarm occurs within a preset detection time, and the preset detection time is shorter than the preset period;

[0066] If an abnormality occurs for the first time, it is necessary to continuously detect the area where the alarm occurs within a short period of time. For example, if the second vehicle alarms, then it is necessary to continuously perform further detection on the second vehicle within the preset detection time, rather than detecting according to the previously set preset period.

[0067] S15: If no abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, record the early warning information;

[0068] If no abnormality occurs again within the preset detection time, it may not be a fire, but this event still needs to be recorded and reported as early warning information for subsequent adjustment of the detection threshold.

[0069] S16: If an abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, confirm that a fire has occurred;

[0070] S17: When the active fire extinguishing condition is met, control the fire extinguishing device set in the vehicle to extinguish the fire in the area to be tested.

[0071] If an abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, it means that a real fire has occurred.

[0072] Specifically, when smoke, temperature, flame, or electric arc is detected, the area is continuously monitored for the next 10 seconds. If there is still a fire, a fire alarm is reported; if there is no continuous fire within 10 seconds, no fire alarm is reported, and the warning information is recorded. After the detector detects a fire, the detector indicator light changes from flashing to constant on, and sends a warning message to the fire alarm device. The fire alarm device reports a warning at this time and uploads the information to the TCMS (Train Control and Management System). The TCMS displays the warning of the corresponding detector. If the warning is eliminated, the warning information is recorded in the fire alarm record. Then, the detector conducts multiple cyclic fire confirmations within 10 seconds. After confirming the fire, the fire alarm light of the detector changes from flashing to constant on and sends a fire alarm message to the fire alarm device. The fire alarm device reports a fire and uploads the fire alarm information to the TCMS via the MVB (Multifunction vehicle bus) or Ethernet bus.

[0073] The present application provides a fire alarm method, which relates to the field of fire monitoring and includes: detecting fire characteristic parameters of a to-be-detected area according to a preset period; adjusting a detection threshold based on the ambient dust value; according to the detection threshold and the detected value of the fire characteristic parameters, when the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal, continuously detecting the area where an alarm occurs within a preset detection time; if no abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, recording warning information; if an abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, confirming the occurrence of a fire and controlling a fire extinguishing device arranged in the vehicle to extinguish the fire. An active fire extinguishing function is provided, and the fire extinguishing conditions need to be met to improve the safety of fire extinguishing. The use of multi-parameter detection of smoke, temperature, flame, and electric arc improves the accuracy of detection. Adjusting the detection threshold based on the ambient dust value can avoid interference with smoke detection due to too high ambient dust value and further improve the accuracy of detection.

[0074] Based on the above embodiments:

[0075] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of another fire alarm method provided by the present invention;

[0076] In some embodiments, adjusting the detection threshold based on the ambient dust value includes:

[0077] Obtaining the particle concentration in the to-be-detected area collected within a preset time;

[0078] Based on the particle concentration, determining the dust level of the to-be-detected area, and the dust level is positively correlated with the particle concentration;

[0079] Adjusting the detection threshold to the detection threshold corresponding to the dust level, and the detection threshold is positively correlated with the dust level.

[0080] Self-learning function. The detector learns, tracks, and compensates for the collected environmental data in different environments to ensure consistent alarm sensitivity in various environments. Moreover, the sensitivity of the detector can be set for different environments. For example, collect the particle concentration detected by the probe within a month, analyze the current environment as a dust-free / dusty environment, and correct the fire alarm smoke particle size model based on the detected environmental information to prevent false alarms of the probe.

[0081] Specifically, the training method of the alarm smoke particle size model can be as follows:

[0082] The smoke particle size model in the fire alarm system is mainly used to simulate and detect the physical properties of smoke particles, such as size, concentration, distribution, etc., to evaluate the sensitivity of the smoke detector or optimize the alarm algorithm. Its working process is usually divided into the following stages:

[0083] 1. Collect historical data:

[0084] Input basic environmental data: vehicle size, ventilation conditions, temperature, humidity, etc. and fire scene parameters, including fire source type, combustion material, fire growth rate, etc.

[0085] 2. Smoke generation simulation:

[0086] Generate the physical properties of smoke particles through fire dynamics simulation software or experimental data, such as particle size distribution, concentration change over time, etc.

[0087] 3. Smoke particle modeling:

[0088] Set the particle size distribution model: Smoke particles usually follow a log-normal distribution or a Rosin-Rammler distribution. The model needs to set the mean particle size (such as 0.1 - 1 micron) and the distribution width.

[0089] Dynamic behavior simulation: Consider the behaviors of particles such as diffusion, sedimentation, and coagulation, and may use computational fluid dynamics or stochastic process models.

[0090] 4. Detector response simulation:

[0091] Optical scattering model: Calculate the scattering intensity of particles with different particle sizes on light and simulate the signal received by the detector.

[0092] Ionization model: Simulate the attenuation effect of smoke particles on the ionization current.

[0093] Machine learning model: If using a data-driven method, it is necessary to train the model to associate particle characteristics with alarm thresholds.

[0094] 5. Alarm logic judgment:

[0095] Threshold comparison: Compare the simulated detector signal with a preset threshold to trigger an alarm. Specifically, it can be set as, for example, how many seconds the concentration continuously exceeds the threshold.

[0096] Multi-sensor fusion: Combine data such as temperature and carbon monoxide concentration to reduce the false alarm rate.

[0097] 6. Verification and optimization:

[0098] Experimental verification: Compare the model prediction with the actual alarm time in a standard combustion test.

[0099] Parameter tuning: Adjust the granularity model parameters (such as particle size sensitivity weights) or the alarm algorithm to improve accuracy.

[0100] 7. Output and application:

[0101] Generate a model: Generate a model of the correspondence between environmental smoke granularity and the threshold.

[0102] System integration: Embed the model into the simulation tool or real-time monitoring system of the fire alarm system.

[0103] In some embodiments, according to the detection threshold and the detected values of the fire characteristic parameters, determine whether the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal, including:

[0104] When there is a smoke detection value obtained by a smoke detector exceeding the smoke detection threshold, a temperature detection value obtained by a temperature detector exceeding the temperature detection threshold, a flame detection value obtained by a flame detector exceeding the flame detection threshold, or an arc detection value obtained by an arc detector exceeding the arc detection threshold, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred;

[0105] The alarm information includes the alarm time, the alarm location of the detector of the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, and the detected value exceeding the detection threshold.

[0106] Multi-parameter detectors are used in the active fire extinguishing area, which have the functions of smoke, temperature, flame and arc detection. They have a wide detection range and can detect various fire situations. Add more reliable multi-parameter detectors at key positions of the train.

[0107] For the smoke detector, the installation location can be set at:

[0108] Near the battery compartment / battery pack: Monitor the smoke released by the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries.

[0109] At the top of the passenger compartment: Detect the smoke generated by passengers smoking or electrical short circuits.

[0110] Luggage compartment / cargo hold: Prevent smoldering of goods.

[0111] Reason: Smoke spreads upward, and top-mounted installation enables quick response.

[0112] For temperature detectors, the installation location can be set at:

[0113] The surface of the battery pack or the cooling system: directly monitor abnormal battery temperature.

[0114] Near the engine compartment / exhaust pipe: detect overheating or oil leakage.

[0115] Electrical distribution box / high-voltage wiring harness: prevent circuit overload.

[0116] Reason: Contact temperature measurement requires proximity to the heat source; multiple points for temperature measurement may be arranged for the battery pack.

[0117] For flame detectors, the installation location can be set at:

[0118] Inside or on top of the battery compartment: quickly respond to battery jet flames.

[0119] Engine compartment: monitor open flames.

[0120] Near the charging interface: prevent fires caused by charging arcs.

[0121] Reason: Flame detectors need to directly face the fire source to avoid obstruction; applicable to areas with high open flame risks.

[0122] For arc detectors, the installation location can be set at:

[0123] High-voltage electrical systems, such as the BMS (Battery Management System), PDU (Power Distribution Unit), and OBC (On-Board Charger) of electric vehicles: monitor abnormal arcs at circuit connections or connectors.

[0124] Low-voltage circuit distribution box: prevent short circuits due to aged wiring harnesses.

[0125] Reason: Arcs may occur at electrical connection points and need to be integrated into the circuit protection system.

[0126] In some embodiments, when the active fire extinguishing conditions are met, control the fire extinguishing device installed in the vehicle to extinguish the fire in the area to be measured, including:

[0127] Trigger fire alarm linkage on the driver's console display screen;

[0128] The control display screen displays the video information and alarm information of the area where the alarm occurs, and the alarm information includes the alarm time, the alarm position of the detector where the fire characteristic parameter whose detection value exceeds the detection threshold is located, the fire characteristic parameter whose detection value exceeds the detection threshold, and the detection value exceeding the detection threshold;

[0129] The active fire extinguishing button pops up;

[0130] When the active fire extinguishing button is pressed, it is determined that the active fire extinguishing conditions are met, and the fire extinguishing device installed in the vehicle is triggered to erupt to extinguish the fire in the area to be tested.

[0131] After confirming the fire alarm, the detector fire alarm light changes from flashing to constantly on and sends the fire alarm information to the fire alarm device. The fire alarm device reports the fire alarm and uploads the fire alarm information to TCMS via the MVB bus or Ethernet bus. The fire alarm linkage is triggered on the driver's console display screen, displaying the fire area video information and fire alarm information, and an active fire extinguishing button pops up.

[0132] After the driver confirms the fire, he presses the fire extinguishing button, broadcasts the alarm, and presses the trigger button to trigger the spray of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire. At the same time, the site information fed back by the TCMS is sent to the on-board switch via Ethernet communication, and finally transmitted to the ground FAS (Fire Alarm System, automatic fire alarm system), which automatically links the ground fire fighting facilities to facilitate the ground personnel to respond and participate in the fire fighting in time. If it is a false alarm, the driver resets the detector status through the console display interface, and the system automatically records the false alarm information and re-detects the fire. This multi-level alarm function can effectively reduce false alarms and avoid missed alarms.

[0133] In some embodiments, before triggering the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire in the detected area, the method further includes:

[0134] Determine the amount of fire extinguishing material used in the fire extinguishing device. The expression for the amount is:

[0135] ;

[0136] Wherein, m is the amount of fire extinguishing material, V is the net volume of the area to be tested, S is the vapor specific volume of the fire extinguishing material, S=k1+k2×T, T is the lowest ambient temperature of the area to be tested, k1 and k2 are both altitude correction coefficients, and C is the design concentration of the fire extinguishing material.

[0137] The fire extinguishing device adopts a non-pressure storage perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing material is perfluorohexanone. It has no pressure tank and is highly safe. The built-in solid-gas conversion device in the non-pressure storage perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device can make the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing medium instantly vaporize and erupt, thereby quickly extinguishing the fire. The fire extinguishing device is small in size and is suitable for fire extinguishing protection in spaces of different sizes. It is flexible and convenient to install, and truly achieves fire safety protection on the equipment side.

[0138] When the area to be measured is not sealed, the dosage can be increased as appropriate.

[0139] Perfluorohexanone (FK-5-1-12, C6F12O) is an environmentally friendly chemical fire extinguishing agent, colorless, odorless, non-conductive, with ODP (ozone depletion potential) = 0 and GWP (global warming potential) ≈ 1 (much lower than traditional HFCs).

[0140] Fire extinguishing mechanism: It extinguishes fire through the dual effects of endothermic cooling (latent heat of vaporization) and chemically interrupting the combustion chain reaction (free radical capture).

[0141] Applicable fire types: Class A (solids), B (liquids), C (gases), E (electrical) fires, especially suitable for scenarios such as lithium batteries, data centers, and power equipment.

[0142] In some embodiments, after the active fire extinguishing button is popped up, it further includes:

[0143] When the driver determines that no fire has occurred, reset the smoke detector, temperature detector, flame detector, and arc detector;

[0144] Record the alarm information as false alarm information;

[0145] The false alarm information includes the fire characteristic parameters that triggered the false alarm, the detected values of the fire characteristic parameters that triggered the false alarm, and the detectors of the fire characteristic parameters that triggered the false alarm.

[0146] The false alarm information includes the false alarm time, the type that triggered the false alarm (temperature / smoke / arc), and the working condition information related to triggering the alarm (temperature change / particle concentration and change trend / arc).

[0147] If the number of false alarms increases significantly, it is necessary to determine whether it is a detector failure. The detector failure can be improper installation position or the detector being affected by problems such as dust accumulation, etc. affecting the detection. By analyzing the false alarm triggering conditions, optimize the anti-interference ability of the fire detection algorithm. Further, the alarm threshold can be dynamically adjusted to reduce the false triggering of non-fire signals.

[0148] In some embodiments, it further includes:

[0149] Detect whether there is a short circuit fault in the power supply bus and communication bus of the train;

[0150] If a short circuit fault occurs, locate the occurrence position of the short circuit fault;

[0151] Disconnect the isolators connected to both ends of the vehicle where the occurrence position is located;

[0152] After the short circuit fault is eliminated, reconnect the isolators.

[0153] The short-circuit isolator is a protective device with automatic switching function when the detector bus is short-circuited. It can be connected in series at any reasonable position of the bus. The configuration principle is to place one between two vehicles. It is used to automatically isolate the faulty section when a short circuit occurs in the bus loop to ensure the normal operation of other parts of the system. Prevent the entire system from being paralyzed due to a line short circuit. When a short circuit occurs in the detector or bus after the serial point, the isolator automatically disconnects to isolate the short-circuited part, and the non-short-circuited part can still work normally. When the short-circuit fault is eliminated, the isolator automatically recovers and the detector works normally. That is, under normal conditions, the short-circuit isolator has no effect on signal transmission, and the bus loop communicates normally. When a short circuit occurs, an abnormal increase in the loop current (short-circuit current) is detected, and the electronic switch inside the isolator quickly cuts off the faulty section (the response time is usually <100ms). After isolation, only the faulty section is isolated, and other loops can still alarm and link normally, improving the reliability and fault tolerance of the system. Minimize the impact of bus short circuit on the alarm system and improve the operating stability of the smoke and fire alarm system.

[0154] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fire alarm device provided by the present invention, the fire alarm device comprises:

[0155] A memory 31, used for storing computer programs;

[0156] The processor 32 is used to implement the steps of the above-mentioned fire alarm method when executing the computer program.

[0157] For an introduction to the fire alarm device provided in the present application, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0158] Specifically, the steps implemented by the processor 32 when executing the computer program include:

[0159] Detecting fire characteristic parameters of the area to be tested according to a preset period to obtain detection values of the fire characteristic parameters, where the fire characteristic parameters include a combination of one or more of smoke, temperature, flame and electric arc;

[0160] Adjust detection threshold based on ambient dust value;

[0161] According to the detection threshold and the detection value of the fire characteristic parameter, it is determined whether the fire characteristic parameter is abnormal;

[0162] When the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal for the first time, the area where the alarm occurs is continuously detected within the preset detection time, and the preset detection time is shorter than the preset cycle;

[0163] If no abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, the warning information is recorded;

[0164] If an abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, confirm that a fire has occurred;

[0165] When the active fire extinguishing condition is met, control the fire extinguishing device installed in the vehicle to extinguish the fire in the area to be measured.

[0166] Adjust the detection threshold based on the environmental dust value, including:

[0167] Obtain the particle concentration in the area to be measured collected within the preset time;

[0168] Based on the particle concentration, determine the dust level of the area to be measured, and the dust level is positively correlated with the particle concentration;

[0169] Adjust the detection threshold to the detection threshold corresponding to the dust level, and the detection threshold is positively correlated with the dust level.

[0170] Judge whether the fire characteristic parameter is abnormal according to the detection threshold and the detected value of the fire characteristic parameter, including:

[0171] When there is a smoke detection value obtained by a smoke detector exceeding the smoke detection threshold, a temperature detection value obtained by a temperature detector exceeding the temperature detection threshold, a flame detection value obtained by a flame detector exceeding the flame detection threshold, or an arc detection value obtained by an arc detector exceeding the arc detection threshold, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred;

[0172] The alarm information includes the alarm time, the alarm location of the detector of the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, and the detected value exceeding the detection threshold.

[0173] When the active fire extinguishing condition is met, control the fire extinguishing device installed in the vehicle to extinguish the fire in the area to be measured, including:

[0174] Trigger the fire alarm linkage on the driver's console display screen;

[0175] Control the display screen to display the video information and alarm information of the area where the alarm appears. The alarm information includes the alarm time, the alarm location of the detector of the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, the fire characteristic parameter whose detected value exceeds the detection threshold, and the detected value exceeding the detection threshold;

[0176] Pop up the active fire extinguishing button;

[0177] When the active fire extinguishing button is pressed, it is determined that the active fire extinguishing condition is met, and the fire extinguishing device installed in the vehicle is triggered to spray and extinguish the fire in the area to be measured.

[0178] Before triggering the fire extinguishing device to spray and extinguish the fire in the area to be measured, it also includes:

[0179] Determine the dosage of the fire extinguishing material for the fire extinguishing device. The expression for the dosage is as follows:

[0180] ;

[0181] Where m is the dosage of the fire extinguishing material, V is the net volume of the area to be measured, S is the vapor specific volume of the fire extinguishing material, S = k1 + k2×T, T is the lowest ambient temperature of the area to be measured, k1 and k2 are both values of the altitude correction coefficient, and C is the designed concentration of the fire extinguishing material.

[0182] After the active fire extinguishing button is popped up, it further includes:

[0183] When the driver determines that no fire has occurred, reset the smoke detector, temperature detector, flame detector, and arc detector;

[0184] Record the alarm information as false alarm information;

[0185] The false alarm information includes the fire characteristic parameters that triggered the false alarm, the detected values of the fire characteristic parameters that triggered the false alarm, and the detectors of the fire characteristic parameters that triggered the false alarm.

[0186] It further includes:

[0187] Detect whether there is a short - circuit fault in the power supply bus and communication bus of the train;

[0188] If there is a short - circuit fault, locate the occurrence location of the short - circuit fault;

[0189] Disconnect the isolators connected to both ends of the vehicle where the occurrence location is located;

[0190] After the short - circuit fault is eliminated, reconnect the isolators.

[0191] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a train provided by the present invention. The train includes two above - mentioned fire alarm devices 1, and also includes a combination of one or more of a smoke detector 2, a temperature detector 3, a flame detector 4, and an arc detector 5 arranged in each vehicle of the train;

[0192] The fire alarm devices 1 are respectively arranged at both ends of the train;

[0193] The smoke detector 2 is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the smoke in the area to be measured, the temperature detector 3 is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the temperature in the area to be measured, the flame detector 4 is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the flame in the area to be measured, and the arc detector 5 is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the arc in the area to be measured.

[0194] Determine the positions on each vehicle in the train where detectors can be installed, and install the detectors inside the vehicle. Thus, each vehicle can detect the fire characteristic parameters. The specific fire characteristic parameters can be set according to actual needs. There are corresponding detectors for the fire characteristic parameters, and detecting the fire characteristic parameters can be completed by installing the detectors inside the vehicle.

[0195] Furthermore, the detectors for the fire characteristic parameters can be installed in the upper or lower part of the vehicle according to actual needs, and the present application does not make excessive limitations here. The present application determines whether an abnormality occurs by comparing the detected value and the detection threshold. If the detected value is greater than the detection threshold, it is determined that the detection item is abnormal.

[0196] In some embodiments, an isolator 6 is further included;

[0197] The isolator 6 is connected in series on the power supply bus and the communication bus between two adjacent vehicles;

[0198] The isolator is used to detect whether a short circuit fault occurs in the power supply bus and the communication bus of the train.

[0199] For the introduction of the train provided by the present application, please refer to the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0200] The fire alarm device also integrates a main control display module, a communication module, an I / O module, a power module, etc. The shell is a standard 3U chassis, and the modular design facilitates replacement. The fire alarm controller is a bus-type, multi-functional, intelligent host, and its internal design adopts the mature single-chip microcomputer technology. The fire alarm device adopts coding, decoding technology and software filtering technology, which can effectively suppress external interference signals, so that the controller can achieve high reliability and practicability. Users can perform multi-level sensitivity settings on the point-type smoke and temperature composite detectors and the aspirating smoke and temperature composite detectors through the fire alarm device, and make differential treatments according to different regions and different environments. For example, for vehicles operating in areas with more dust or detectors placed at the air outlet, the alarm threshold can be appropriately increased; in a cleaner space, the threshold can be appropriately decreased. The system has a wide range of applications.

[0201] Two sets of fire alarm devices are configured and connected in series at both ends of the system, acting as hot standby redundancies for each other. If one end of the alarm device fails due to a fault, the device at the other end can immediately take over to ensure that fire monitoring is not interrupted. This avoids the risk that the entire system will collapse once the alarm device arranged at a single point fails in the traditional way. When there is a break at any point in the series system, the system can still operate, and the system has high reliability.

[0202] Furthermore, parameters such as smoke and temperature are monitored simultaneously at both ends of the train, reducing the detection blind area. When a fire occurs, the detector closer to the fire source can trigger an alarm preferentially, shortening the response time. By comparing the data of the devices at both ends, false alarms can be reduced, and the confidence level of fire determination can be improved by combining the data of smoke, temperature, and flame detectors at both ends. The equipment at one end can be repaired or replaced separately without shutting down the entire system, simplifying the operation and maintenance process.

[0203] It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0204] Those skilled in the art can further realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described according to their functions in the above description. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled professionals can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

[0205] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fire alarm method, characterized in that, Including: Detecting fire characteristic parameters of the area to be measured according to a preset period to obtain the detection values of the fire characteristic parameters, where the fire characteristic parameters include one or a combination of more than one of smoke, temperature, flame and electric arc; Adjusting the detection threshold based on the environmental dust value; Judging whether the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal according to the detection threshold and the detection values of the fire characteristic parameters; When the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal, continuously detecting the area with an alarm within a preset detection time, and the preset detection time is shorter than the preset period; If no abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, record the early warning information; If an abnormality occurs within the preset detection time, confirm that a fire has occurred; When the active fire extinguishing condition is met, control the fire extinguishing device arranged in the vehicle to extinguish the fire in the area to be measured.

2. The fire alarm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting the detection threshold based on the environmental dust value includes: Obtaining the particle concentration in the area to be measured collected within a preset time; Determining the dust level of the area to be measured based on the particle concentration, and the dust level is positively correlated with the particle concentration; Adjusting the detection threshold to the detection threshold corresponding to the dust level, and the detection threshold is positively correlated with the dust level.

3. The fire alarm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Judging whether the fire characteristic parameters are abnormal according to the detection threshold and the detection values of the fire characteristic parameters includes: When there is a smoke detection value obtained by a smoke detector exceeding the smoke detection threshold, a temperature detection value obtained by a temperature detector exceeding the temperature detection threshold, a flame detection value obtained by a flame detector exceeding the flame detection threshold, or an electric arc detection value obtained by an electric arc detector exceeding the electric arc detection threshold, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred.

4. The fire alarm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the active fire extinguishing condition is met, controlling the fire extinguishing device arranged in the vehicle to extinguish the fire in the area to be measured includes: Triggering a fire alarm linkage on the driver's console display screen; Controlling the display screen to display the video information and alarm information of the area with an alarm, where the alarm information includes the alarm time, the alarm location of the detector of the fire characteristic parameter whose detection value exceeds the detection threshold, the fire characteristic parameter whose detection value exceeds the detection threshold, and the detection value exceeding the detection threshold; Popping up an active fire extinguishing button; When the active fire extinguishing button is pressed, it is determined that the active fire extinguishing condition is met, and the fire extinguishing device arranged in the vehicle is triggered to spray to extinguish the fire in the area to be measured.

5. The fire alarm method according to claim 4, characterized in that Before triggering the fire extinguishing device to spray to extinguish the fire in the area to be measured, it further includes: Determining the dosage of the fire extinguishing material of the fire extinguishing device, and the expression of the dosage is: ； where m is the dosage of the fire extinguishing material, V is the net volume of the area to be measured, S is the vapor specific volume of the fire extinguishing material, S = k1 + k2×T, T is the lowest environmental temperature of the area to be measured, k1 and k2 are both the altitude correction coefficient values, and C is the designed concentration of the fire extinguishing material.

6. The fire alarm method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After popping up the active fire extinguishing button, it further includes: When the driver determines that no fire has occurred, resetting the smoke detector, temperature detector, flame detector and electric arc detector; Recording the alarm information as false alarm information; The false alarm information includes the fire characteristic parameters that trigger the false alarm, the detected values of the fire characteristic parameters that trigger the false alarm, and the detectors of the fire characteristic parameters that trigger the false alarm.

7. The fire alarm method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It further includes: Detecting whether there is a short - circuit fault in the power supply bus and communication bus of the train; If a short - circuit fault occurs, locating the occurrence position of the short - circuit fault; Disconnecting the isolators connected to both ends of the vehicle where the occurrence position is located; After the short - circuit fault is eliminated, reconnecting the isolators.

8. An alarm device for a fire, characterized in that, It includes: A memory for storing a computer program; A processor for implementing the steps of the fire alarm method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.

9. A train, characterized in that, It includes two fire alarm devices as described in claim 8, and also includes one or a combination of a smoke detector, a temperature detector, a flame detector, and an arc detector provided in each vehicle of the train; The fire alarm devices are respectively arranged at both ends of the train; The smoke detector is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the smoke in the area to be measured, the temperature detector is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the temperature in the area to be measured, the flame detector is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the flame in the area to be measured, and the arc detector is used to detect whether there is an abnormality in the arc in the area to be measured.

10. The train according to claim 9, characterized in that, It further includes isolators; The isolators are connected in series on the power supply bus and communication bus between two adjacent vehicles; The isolators are used to detect whether there is a short - circuit fault in the power supply bus and communication bus of the train.

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