Virtual power plant construction method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual power plant construction method and device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the first position information and first output power of a plurality of first distributed power supplies and the second position information of a plurality of second distributed power supplies for each type of distributed power supplies in a power supply partition; based on the first position information, the first output power and the second position information, aggregating the plurality of first distributed power supplies and the plurality of second distributed power supplies to obtain a plurality of aggregates; based on the first output power of the first distributed power supply in each polymer, determining the second output power of the second distributed power supply in each polymer; based on the first output power of the first distributed power supply and the second output power of the second distributed power supply in the polymers corresponding to the different types of distributed power supplies and a preset target, the polymers corresponding to the different types of distributed power supplies are aggregated, and a plurality of virtual power plants are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of virtual power plant construction, and particularly to a method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium for constructing a virtual power plant. Background Art

[0002] The consensus on environmental protection and the increasing energy demand have brought great opportunities for the development of distributed power sources. The combination of distributed power sources and conventional power sources will be the trend of the development of the power system.

[0003] When a small number of distributed power sources are connected to the power grid, the impact of the connection of distributed power sources on the operation and control of the power grid can be completely suppressed through the active control of the power grid itself. However, when a large number of distributed power sources are connected to the power grid, the connection of a large number of distributed power sources in the power grid will have a huge impact on power grid dispatching, which is mainly reflected in many characteristics such as the volatility of the output power of distributed power sources in the time dimension, the dispersion in the space dimension, and the large quantity in the quantity dimension. It is difficult for the power grid to directly manage and dispatch these distributed power sources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium for constructing a virtual power plant.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the present application, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for constructing a virtual power plant, including: For each type of distributed power source in the power supply area, obtain the first position information and the first output power of a plurality of first distributed power sources, and the second position information of a plurality of second distributed power sources; the output voltage of the first distributed power source is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the output voltage of the second distributed power source is less than the first threshold; Based on the first position information and the first output power of the plurality of first distributed power sources, and the second position information of the plurality of second distributed power sources, aggregate the plurality of first distributed power sources and the plurality of second distributed power sources to obtain a plurality of aggregates; Based on the first output power of the first distributed power sources in each aggregate, determine the second output power of the second distributed power sources in each aggregate; Based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, aggregate each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources to obtain a plurality of virtual power plants; the preset target includes a first target, a second target, and a third target; the first target includes that when the power consumption of the virtual power plant is used as the load condition of the power supply area, the first standard deviation of the total load of the power supply area satisfies a first condition; the second target includes that under the target condition, the second standard deviation of the exchange power between the virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area satisfies a second condition; the third target includes determining the number of virtual power plants and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, so that the sum of the second standard deviation of the exchange power between each virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area and the first standard deviation satisfies a third condition.

[0006] Optionally, based on the first position information and the first output power of a plurality of first distributed power sources, and the second position information of a plurality of second distributed power sources, aggregate the plurality of first distributed power sources and the plurality of second distributed power sources to obtain a plurality of aggregates, including: Aggregate a plurality of first distributed power sources based on the first output power of the plurality of first distributed power sources to obtain a plurality of aggregation partitions; Aggregate a plurality of second distributed power sources to the plurality of aggregation partitions based on the first position information and the second position information to obtain a plurality of aggregates.

[0007] Optionally, aggregating a plurality of first distributed power sources based on the first output power of the plurality of first distributed power sources to obtain a plurality of aggregation partitions includes: Select a plurality of target first output powers from the plurality of first output powers as the feature vectors of a plurality of cluster centers; Cluster the plurality of first output powers to the corresponding cluster centers based on the feature vectors of each cluster center and the feature vector distance constraint condition; Redetermine the feature vectors corresponding to each cluster center, and iteratively execute clustering the plurality of first output powers to the corresponding cluster centers based on the feature vectors of each cluster center and the feature vector distance constraint condition until the difference between the feature vectors corresponding to each cluster center determined in the current iteration and the feature vectors corresponding to each cluster center determined in the previous iteration is less than a second threshold.

[0008] Optionally, aggregating a plurality of second distributed power sources to the plurality of aggregation partitions based on the first position information and the second position information includes: Determine the distances between each second distributed power source and each first distributed power source based on the first position information and the second position information; Determine the aggregation partition corresponding to each second distributed power source based on the distance; Aggregate each second distributed power source to the corresponding aggregation partition.

[0009] Optionally, determining the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate based on the first output power of the first distributed power source in each aggregate includes: Determine the first output power quantity corresponding to the first distributed power source and the second output power quantity corresponding to the second distributed power source in each aggregate; Determine the correlation parameter between the first output power quantity and the second output power quantity in each aggregate; Based on the first output power of the first distributed power source in each aggregate and the corresponding correlation parameter, determine the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate.

[0010] Optionally, the virtual power plant construction method further includes: Based on the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate, determine the estimated output power quantity of the second distributed power source in each aggregate; If it is determined based on the estimated output power quantity and the second output power quantity that the second distributed power source in each aggregate needs to be re-aggregated, re-aggregate the second distributed power source in each aggregate and re-determine the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate.

[0011] Optionally, based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, aggregate each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources to obtain multiple virtual power plants, including: Determine the first function corresponding to the first target, the second function corresponding to the second target, and the third function corresponding to the third target; Based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, solve the first function, the second function, and the third function to obtain the number of virtual power plants in the power supply area and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant; Based on the number of virtual power plants in the power supply area and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, aggregate each aggregate to obtain multiple virtual power plants corresponding to the number.

[0012] According to the second aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a virtual power plant construction device, including: An acquisition module, configured to acquire the first position information and the first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources for each type of distributed power source in the power supply area; the output voltage of the first distributed power source is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the output voltage of the second distributed power source is less than the first threshold; A first aggregation module, configured to aggregate a plurality of first distributed power sources and a plurality of second distributed power sources based on the first position information and the first output power of the plurality of first distributed power sources, and the second position information of the plurality of second distributed power sources, to obtain a plurality of aggregates; A determination module, configured to determine the second output power of the second distributed power sources in each aggregate based on the first output power of the first distributed power sources in each aggregate; A second aggregation module, configured to aggregate each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources based on the first output power of the first distributed power sources and the second output power of the second distributed power sources in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, to obtain a plurality of virtual power plants; the preset target includes a first target, a second target, and a third target; the first target includes that when the power consumption of the virtual power plant is used as the load condition of the power supply area, the first standard deviation of the total load of the power supply area satisfies a first condition; the second target includes that under the target condition, the second standard deviation of the exchange power between the virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area satisfies a second condition; the third target includes determining the number of virtual power plants and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, so that the sum of the second standard deviation of the exchange power between each virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area and the first standard deviation satisfies a third condition.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the virtual power plant construction method according to the first aspect or any implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0014] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the virtual power plant construction method according to the first aspect or any implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0015] The virtual power plant construction method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application aggregate each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate, as well as a preset target, to obtain multiple virtual power plants; in this way, a large number of different types of distributed power sources can be aggregated into one virtual power plant, and the power grid can coordinate and dispatch a large number of different types of distributed power sources by dispatching the virtual power plant, which can improve the controllability of the power grid for a large number of different types of distributed power sources in the power supply area, reduce the impact of distributed power sources on power grid dispatching, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid; moreover, when constructing a virtual power plant based on each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, the requirements of the virtual power plant's power consumption on the total load of the power supply area and the requirements for the power exchange between the virtual power plant and the power grid are comprehensively considered, which can improve the safety of the virtual power plant's grid connection dispatching and the economy of the virtual power plant's internal dispatching; furthermore, considering the large number of distributed power sources, based on the first position information and the first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources, multiple first distributed power sources and multiple second distributed power sources are aggregated to obtain multiple aggregates, which can aggregate multiple distributed power sources with similar output power and close distances of the same type into one aggregate, reducing the complexity of aggregating a large number of distributed power sources, and can also include a large number of distributed power sources with low output voltage into power grid management, so as to more comprehensively and accurately reflect the response ability of distributed power sources in the power supply area and further improve the power grid's control ability for distributed power sources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a virtual power plant construction method in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of another virtual power plant construction method in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of another virtual power plant construction method in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a data access device in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic hardware structure diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] An embodiment of this application provides a method for constructing a virtual power plant, as Figure 1 shown, including: S101. For each type of distributed power source in a power supply area, obtain the first position information and first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources; the output voltage of the first distributed power source is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the output voltage of the second distributed power source is less than the first threshold.

[0019] In this embodiment, the types of distributed power sources include distributed photovoltaic power generation sources, distributed wind power generation sources, distributed hydropower sources, distributed energy storage system sources, and distributed loads.

[0020] In this embodiment, the output voltage of the first distributed power source may be greater than or equal to 10 KV, and the output voltage of the second distributed power source may be less than 10 KV.

[0021] In this embodiment, the first output power and first output power of the first distributed power source have been automatically collected, while the second output power of the second distributed power source has not been automatically collected yet, but the second output power of the second distributed power source has been automatically collected. The first output power may be the first output power time series data, for example, the first output power , where N is the number of distributed power sources; is the output power of this distributed power source at time t j period, and T is the number of periods.

[0022] S102. Based on the first position information and first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources, aggregate multiple first distributed power sources and multiple second distributed power sources to obtain multiple aggregates.

[0023] In this embodiment, based on the first position information and first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources, it is possible to aggregate the first distributed power sources with a first output power difference less than the first threshold, and aggregate the second distributed power sources with the corresponding first distributed power according to the distance between the first distributed power source and the second distributed power source to obtain multiple aggregates.

[0024] S103. Determine the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate based on the first output power of the first distributed power source in each aggregate.

[0025] In this embodiment, since the second distributed power source has been aggregated into the aggregate, in order to facilitate subsequent aggregation of the aggregates, it is necessary to determine the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate. However, the second output power of the second distributed power source has not been automatically collected yet. Considering that the natural conditions are basically the same within the same geographical area, the active power output of the distributed power sources should also be consistent. Therefore, the second output power of other distributed power sources in the same aggregate that have not been automatically collected can be estimated through the first output power of the distributed power source for which automatic data collection has been achieved.

[0026] S104. Aggregate each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, to obtain multiple virtual power plants; the preset target includes a first target, a second target, and a third target; the first target includes that when the power consumption of the virtual power plant is used as the load condition of the power supply area, the first standard deviation of the total load of the power supply area meets the first condition; the second target includes that under the target condition, the second standard deviation of the exchange power between the virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area meets the second condition; the third target includes determining the number of virtual power plants and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, so that the sum of the second standard deviation of the exchange power between each virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area and the first standard deviation meets the third condition.

[0027] In this embodiment, through the aggregation of output power similarity, the number of aggregates obtained is often still relatively large, and it is still relatively complicated to directly participate in the main grid dispatching operation. More importantly, the aggregates do not utilize the complementarity between distributed power sources, and their regulation capabilities vary, and unified regulation cannot be achieved. Therefore, the aggregates can be further aggregated to form virtual power plants to participate in the power grid dispatching operation.

[0028] In this embodiment, the virtual power plant may include aggregates corresponding to different types of distributed power sources.

[0029] In this embodiment, during the process of aggregating the aggregates into virtual power plants, it is necessary to determine the number of virtual power plants and which virtual power plant each aggregate belongs to. At the same time, after aggregating into virtual power plants, both the power grid and the virtual power plants should be able to achieve certain dispatching operation goals.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first objective is the power grid dispatching operation objective, which can be equivalently considered as minimizing the peak-valley difference rate of the equivalent load in the power supply area and smoothing the equivalent load curve, that is, minimizing the standard deviation of the equivalent load curve. Here, the equivalent load refers to the total power supply load of the power supply area considering the power consumption of the virtual power plant. The second objective is the virtual power plant dispatching operation objective, which can be equivalently considered as minimizing the standard deviation of the power exchange curve between the virtual power plant and the external power grid under the extreme load conditions inside the virtual power plant. The third objective is to determine the number of virtual power plants and the aggregations included in each virtual power plant, so as to optimize the dispatching operation objectives of the power grid and each virtual power plant based on the first and second objectives.

[0031] The virtual power plant construction method provided by the embodiment of the present application aggregates each aggregation corresponding to different types of distributed power sources based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregation corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset objective, to obtain a plurality of virtual power plants; in this way, a large number of different types of distributed power sources can be aggregated into one virtual power plant, and the power grid can achieve coordinated dispatching of a large number of different types of distributed power sources by dispatching the virtual power plant, which can improve the controllability of the power grid in the power supply area for a large number of different types of distributed power sources, reduce the impact of distributed power sources on power grid dispatching, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid; moreover, when constructing a virtual power plant based on each aggregation corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, the requirements of the power consumption of the virtual power plant for the total load of the power supply area and the requirements of the power exchange between the virtual power plant and the power grid are comprehensively considered, which can improve the safety of grid-connected dispatching of the virtual power plant and the economy of internal dispatching of the virtual power plant; furthermore, considering that there are a large number of distributed power sources, based on the first position information and the first output power of a plurality of first distributed power sources, and the second position information of a plurality of second distributed power sources, the plurality of first distributed power sources and the plurality of second distributed power sources are aggregated to obtain a plurality of aggregations, which can aggregate a plurality of distributed power sources with similar output power and close distances of the same type into one aggregation, reduce the complexity of aggregating a large number of distributed power sources, and can realize the inclusion of a large number of distributed power sources with low output voltage into power grid management, so as to more comprehensively and accurately reflect the response ability of distributed power sources in the power supply area and further improve the regulation ability of the power grid for distributed power sources.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, in step S102, based on the first position information and the first output power of a plurality of first distributed power sources, and the second position information of a plurality of second distributed power sources, the plurality of first distributed power sources and the plurality of second distributed power sources are aggregated to obtain a plurality of aggregations, as Figure 2 shown, including: S1021, aggregating a plurality of first distributed power sources based on the first output power of the plurality of first distributed power sources to obtain a plurality of aggregation partitions.

[0033] In this embodiment, for the first distributed power sources of the same type and in the same area, their output powers generally have great similarity. Therefore, they can be aggregated to facilitate regulation and management. The idea of aggregating multiple first distributed power sources can be: using the first output power of the first distributed power source as the feature vector, and taking the L2 norm distance as the similarity basis, incorporating two first distributed power sources with an L2 norm distance less than a certain threshold into the same aggregation partition.

[0034] In an alternative embodiment, step S1021 of aggregating multiple first distributed power sources based on the first output powers of the multiple first distributed power sources to obtain multiple aggregation partitions includes: Selecting multiple target first output powers from the multiple first output powers as the feature vectors of multiple cluster centers; clustering the multiple first output powers to the corresponding cluster centers based on the feature vector of each cluster center and the feature vector distance constraint condition; re-determining the feature vector corresponding to each cluster center, and iteratively executing clustering the multiple first output powers to the corresponding cluster centers based on the feature vector of each cluster center and the feature vector distance constraint condition until the difference between the feature vector corresponding to each cluster center re-determined and the feature vector corresponding to each cluster center determined in the previous iteration is less than a second threshold.

[0035] Specifically, the feature vector distance constraint condition can be that the L2 norm distance between the target first output power and other first output powers is less than the target threshold. First, randomly select the first output powers of k first distributed power sources from all the first distributed power sources as the feature vectors of their cluster centers; then traverse the remaining first distributed power sources, and based on the feature vector distance constraint condition, find the nearest cluster center and add it to that cluster center, thus forming an initial clustering result; in this way, each cluster center has at least one first distributed power source, so the feature vector of each cluster center can be calculated as the new feature vector; then traverse all the first distributed power sources again, find the nearest cluster center and add it to that cluster center, thereby realizing the update of the aggregation partition. Then iteratively execute. In this way, each cluster center has at least one first distributed power source, so the feature vector of each cluster center can be calculated as the new feature vector; then traverse all the first distributed power sources again, find the nearest cluster center and add it to that cluster center, thereby realizing the update of the aggregation partition until the error between the feature vectors of the cluster centers obtained from the previous and current iterations is less than the second threshold.

[0036] In this embodiment, by selecting multiple target first output powers from multiple first output powers as the feature vectors of multiple cluster centers and presetting the feature vector distance constraint conditions, multiple first distributed power sources with similar output powers can be quickly and accurately aggregated into a whole, which can simplify the aggregation complexity of aggregating a large number of distributed power sources into a virtual power plant.

[0037] S1022. Based on the first position information and the second position information, aggregate multiple second distributed power sources into multiple aggregation partitions to obtain multiple aggregates.

[0038] In this embodiment, for the second distributed power source, its aggregation partition can be determined according to its second position information or the feeder it belongs to. For example, the second distributed power source is incorporated into the aggregation partition corresponding to the first distributed power source that is the closest.

[0039] In an alternative embodiment, aggregating multiple second distributed power sources into multiple aggregation partitions based on the first position information and the second position information includes: Determine the distances between each second distributed power source and each first distributed power source based on the first position information and the second position information; determine the aggregation partition corresponding to each second distributed power source based on the distances; and aggregate each second distributed power source into the corresponding aggregation partition.

[0040] Specifically, when implementing, determine the distances between each second distributed power source and each first distributed power source based on the first position information and the second position information. When there is a first distributed power source within 3 km, incorporate this second distributed power source into the aggregation partition where the first distributed power source within 3 km and the closest one is located; if there is no first distributed power source within 3 km but there is a first distributed power source within 9 km, incorporate this second distributed power source into the aggregation partition where the first distributed power source on the same feeder within 9 km and the closest one is located; and if there is no first distributed power source on the same feeder, incorporate this second distributed power source into the aggregation partition where the first distributed power source within 9 km and the closest one is located; otherwise, do not incorporate this second distributed power source into any aggregation partition.

[0041] In this embodiment, since distributed power sources of the same type and in the same region have similar output powers, determine the aggregation partition corresponding to each second distributed power source based on the distances between each second distributed power source and each first distributed power source, so that the second distributed power sources can be aggregated into the closest aggregation partition, improving the similarity of the output powers of the first and second distributed power sources within the aggregation partition.

[0042] In this embodiment, since there is no measured data for the second output power of the second distributed power source, first, based on the first output powers of multiple first distributed power sources, the multiple first distributed power sources are aggregated, so that the multiple first distributed power sources in each aggregation partition have similar first output powers. Then, based on the location information of the second distributed power source and the first distributed power sources, the second distributed power source is aggregated, considering that distributed power sources of the same type and in the same region have similar output powers, so that the first distributed power sources and the second distributed power source in each aggregation body have a high similarity in output power.

[0043] In an alternative embodiment, in step S103, determining the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregation body based on the first output power of the first distributed power source in each aggregation body includes: Determining the first output power amount corresponding to the first distributed power source and the second output power amount corresponding to the second distributed power source in each aggregation body; determining the correlation parameter between the first output power amount and the second output power amount in each aggregation body; based on the first output power of the first distributed power source in each aggregation body and the corresponding correlation parameter, determining the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregation body.

[0044] In this embodiment, considering the availability of the second output power amount corresponding to the second distributed power source, and the correlation between distributed power source power amount data and the correlation between power data are basically the same. Therefore, the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregation body can be determined based on the first output power of the first distributed power source in each aggregation body.

[0045] Specifically, determining the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregation body includes the following steps: (1) Denote the set of output power amounts of the distributed power sources, i.e., ; where N is the number of distributed power sources included in an aggregation body, and S i is its output power amount; (2) Denote the set of the first output powers of the first distributed power sources automatically collected, i.e., ; where M is the number of first distributed power sources that can automatically collect output power included in an aggregation body, and P i is the collected first output power; (3) Denote the set of the second output powers of the second distributed power sources to be estimated, i.e., , where is its second output power to be estimated; (4) Use a linear estimation model to estimate the second output power, i.e.: , where F （N-M,M） is the correlation parameter to be solved, the subscript represents the row and column numbers of the matrix, and its solution formula is as follows: , wherein, inv is the matrix inversion operator; T (T > M) is the number of data of the output power; F(i) , i = M + 1, … N , representing the i th row of the matrix, i.e., the relevant parameters of the second distributed power source i .

[0046] In this embodiment, since the correlation between the power data of the distributed power sources and the correlation between the power data are basically the same, therefore, by determining the correlation parameter between the first output power and the second output power in each aggregate; based on the first output power of the first distributed power source in each aggregate and the corresponding correlation parameter, determining the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate, the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate can be determined more accurately.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the output power similarity between the first distributed power source and the second distributed power source in the aggregate needs to be corrected periodically to accurately determine the second output power of the second distributed power source. Therefore, after determining the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate, the virtual power plant construction method further includes: Based on the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate, determining the estimated output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate; if it is determined that the second distributed power source in each aggregate needs to be re-aggregated based on the estimated output power and the second output power, re-aggregating the second distributed power source in each aggregate, and re-determining the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate.

[0048] In this embodiment, based on the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate and the duration of the second output power collection, the estimated output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate can be calculated. Then, the root mean square sum of the difference between the estimated output power and the second output power can be calculated, and then compared with the third threshold. If the root mean square sum is less than the third threshold, there is no need to re-aggregate the second distributed power source in each aggregate or calculate the correlation parameter between the first output power and the second output power in each aggregate. Otherwise, re-aggregate the second distributed power source in each aggregate and re-calculate the correlation parameter between the first output power and the second output power in each aggregate to re-determine the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, in step S104, based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources is aggregated to obtain a plurality of virtual power plants, as Figure 3 shown, including: S1041, determining a first function corresponding to a first target, a second function corresponding to a second target, and a third function corresponding to a third target.

[0050] S1042, based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, solving the first function, the second function, and the third function to obtain the number of virtual power plants in the power supply area and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant.

[0051] S1043, based on the number of virtual power plants in the power supply area and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, aggregating each aggregate to obtain a plurality of virtual power plants corresponding to the number.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first function corresponding to the first target includes: ; wherein, is the equivalent load of the power supply area, and the calculation formula is as follows. is its average value. T is the number of time periods in the day-ahead scheduling cycle.

[0053] ; wherein, is the total load outside the virtual power plant in the power supply area, is the power consumption of the virtual power plant g in the power supply area, N VPP is the number of virtual power plants formed by aggregating distributed power sources.

[0054] The second function includes: ; wherein, is the interaction power between the virtual power plant and the external power grid under the internal extreme load condition.

[0055] ; wherein N WT is the number of wind power similarity aggregates, N PV is the number of photovoltaic similarity aggregates, N ES represents the number of energy storage similarity aggregates, N HP represents the number of hydropower similarity aggregates, N FLis the number of adjustable load similarity aggregations, N NFL is the number of non-adjustable load similarity aggregations; is the flag indicating that the distributed power source corresponding to the subscript x belongs to the virtual power plant g; , , are the powers of wind power, photovoltaic power, and non-adjustable load under extreme load conditions, respectively. are the optimized powers of energy storage, hydropower, and flexible load, respectively.

[0056] is the interactive power between the virtual power plant and the external power grid under normal internal load conditions, obtained through the internal optimal dispatching calculation of the virtual power plant. The objective function of the internal optimal dispatching of the virtual power plant is to minimize the total generation cost of the next day.

[0057] For the first objective and the second objective, select the solution that makes the first objective and the second objective as balanced as possible as the multi-objective optimal solution. The balance selection of the multi-objective optimal solution is achieved by calculating the information entropy of the solution: ; where, IS is the information entropy dispersion of the multi-objective optimization solution, reflecting the difference in the values of each objective function when using this multi-objective optimization solution; p g is for the virtual power plant g the proportion of the objective function value in the total objective function value, reflecting its proportion of objective benefits; p sys is the proportion of the objective function value of the power grid system in the total objective function value, reflecting its proportion of objective benefits; .

[0058] The third function includes: ; where, the number of virtual power plants N VPP is the variable to be solved, and the virtual power plant attribution flag of the similarity aggregation is also the variable to be solved.

[0059] The first function, the second function, and the third function should also satisfy the following constraint conditions: (1) Hydropower unit constraints: ① Power upper and lower limit constraints; ② State conversion constraints; ③ Minimum shutdown time constraints; ④ Minimum continuous operation time constraints.

[0060] (2) Energy storage constraints: ① Power upper and lower limit constraints; ② Charge and discharge state constraints; ③ SOC constraints.

[0061] (3) Virtual power plant purchased power constraints.

[0062] (4) Virtual power plant logo constraint: An aggregate x can only belong to one virtual power plant or not belong to any virtual power plant.

[0063] In this embodiment, a genetic algorithm can be used to solve the first function, the second function, and the third function. The specific solution process may include: A. Initialize the population: Initialize the number of individuals Npop in the population and the binary coding values of each individual. Among them, the number of virtual power plants is encoded with a four-bit binary number (the maximum number of virtual power plants is 16), and the logo of each aggregate belonging to a virtual power plant is a 0-1 decision variable, which can be encoded with a one-bit binary number. B. Fitness calculation: For any individual in the population, after decoding its coding value, the solution of the third function is obtained, that is, the number of virtual power plants and the logo of each aggregate belonging to a virtual power plant, and then the first function and the second function are calculated to determine the fitness function of each solution, that is, the information entropy dispersion IS of the multi-objective optimization solution. C. Convergence judgment: Whether the fitness reaches the expected value or the number of iterations reaches the maximum value. If so, jump to G to end; otherwise, continue. D. Selection: Sort in descending order according to the fitness, and select a certain proportion of individuals to enter the next generation. E. Crossover: Use a random crossover operator, that is, randomly select a cut-off position from the binary coding sequence of each individual, and combine the front and back to get a new individual. F. Mutation: Select individuals from the population for mutation with a certain probability. For the selected individuals, use a random mutation operator to randomly select a bit from its binary coding sequence for bit change, and then return to B. G. Output the optimal solution and end.

[0064] In this embodiment, by determining the first function corresponding to the first objective, the second function corresponding to the second objective, and the third function corresponding to the third objective; then, based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, the first function, the second function, and the third function are solved to obtain the number of virtual power plants in the power supply area and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, so that the number of virtual power plants in the power supply area and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant can be quickly determined, and multiple virtual power plants can be quickly formed.

[0065] The embodiment of the present application provides a virtual power plant construction device, as Figure 4 shown, including: An acquisition module 41, configured to acquire the first position information and the first output power of a plurality of first distributed power sources, and the second position information of a plurality of second distributed power sources for each type of distributed power source in the power supply area; the output voltage of the first distributed power source is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the output voltage of the second distributed power source is less than the first threshold.

[0066] The first aggregation module 42 is configured to aggregate a plurality of first distributed power sources and a plurality of second distributed power sources based on the first location information and the first output power of the plurality of first distributed power sources and the second location information of the plurality of second distributed power sources, so as to obtain a plurality of aggregates.

[0067] The determination module 43 is configured to determine the second output power of the second distributed power sources in each aggregate based on the first output power of the first distributed power sources in each aggregate.

[0068] The second aggregation module 44 is configured to aggregate each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources based on the first output power of the first distributed power sources and the second output power of the second distributed power sources in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources and a preset target, so as to obtain a plurality of virtual power plants; the preset target includes a first target, a second target and a third target; the first target includes that when the power consumption of the virtual power plant is used as the load condition of the power supply area, the first standard deviation of the total load of the power supply area meets a first condition; the second target includes that under the target condition, the second standard deviation of the exchange power between the virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area meets a second condition; the third target includes determining the number of virtual power plants and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, so that the sum of the second standard deviation of the exchange power between each virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area and the first standard deviation meets a third condition.

[0069] The virtual power plant construction device provided by the embodiment of the present application aggregates each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources based on the first output power of the first distributed power source and the second output power of the second distributed power source in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, to obtain a plurality of virtual power plants; thus, a large number of different types of distributed power sources can be aggregated into a virtual power plant, and the power grid can realize coordinated scheduling of a large number of different types of distributed power sources by scheduling the virtual power plant, which can improve the controllability of the power grid for a large number of different types of distributed power sources in the power supply area, reduce the impact of distributed power sources on power grid scheduling, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid; moreover, when constructing a virtual power plant based on each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, the requirements of the virtual power plant's power consumption on the total load of the power supply area and the requirements of the virtual power plant's power exchange with the power grid are comprehensively considered, which can improve the safety of the virtual power plant's grid connection scheduling and the economy of the virtual power plant's internal scheduling; furthermore, considering that there are a large number of distributed power sources, based on the first position information and the first output power of a plurality of first distributed power sources, and the second position information of a plurality of second distributed power sources, the plurality of first distributed power sources and the plurality of second distributed power sources are aggregated to obtain a plurality of aggregates, which can aggregate a plurality of distributed power sources with similar output power and close distances of the same type into one aggregate, reducing the complexity of aggregating a large number of distributed power sources, and can also include a large number of distributed power sources with low output voltage into power grid management, so as to more comprehensively and accurately reflect the response ability of distributed power sources in the power supply area and further improve the power grid's control ability for distributed power sources.

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides an electronic device and a readable storage medium.

[0071] Figure 5 FIG. shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary electronic device 800 that can be used to implement the embodiments of the present application. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a workbench, a personal digital assistant, a server, a blade server, a mainframe computer, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as, a personal digital processor, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wearable device, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are only examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or claimed herein.

[0072] As Figure 5As shown, the electronic device 800 includes a computing unit 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 808 into a random access memory (RAM) 803. In the RAM 803, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 800 can also be stored. The computing unit 801, the ROM 802, and the RAM 803 are connected to each other via a bus 804. An input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to the bus 804.

[0073] Multiple components in the electronic device 800 are connected to the I / O interface 805, including: an input unit 806, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 807, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 808, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disc, etc.; and a communication unit 809, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 809 allows the electronic device 800 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0074] The computing unit 801 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 801 include but are not limited to a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 801 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the virtual power plant construction method. For example, in some embodiments, the virtual power plant construction method can be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 808. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 800 via the ROM 802 and / or the communication unit 809. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 803 and executed by the computing unit 801, one or more steps of the virtual power plant construction method described above can be executed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 801 can be configured to execute the virtual power plant construction method by any other appropriate means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0075] The various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above in this specification can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on a chip (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a special-purpose or general-purpose programmable processor that receives data and instructions from, and transmits data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

[0076] The program code for implementing the methods of this application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine, or entirely on the remote machine or server.

[0077] In the context of this application, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0078] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor); and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, speech input, or tactile input).

[0079] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system including backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system including middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system including frontend components (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which the user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system including any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected to each other by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

[0080] A computer system can include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally far from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship between the client and the server is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, can also be a server of a distributed system, or a server incorporating a blockchain.

[0081] It should be understood that various forms of the processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps recited in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in this application can be achieved, and no limitation is imposed herein.

[0082] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0083] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the said claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a virtual power plant, characterized in that Including: For each type of distributed power source in the power supply area, obtain the first position information and the first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources; the output voltage of the first distributed power source is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the output voltage of the second distributed power source is less than the first threshold; Based on the first position information and the first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources, aggregate multiple first distributed power sources and multiple second distributed power sources to obtain multiple aggregates; Based on the first output power of the first distributed power sources in each aggregate, determine the second output power of the second distributed power sources in each aggregate; Based on the first output power and the second output power of the first distributed power sources and the second distributed power sources in each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, aggregate each aggregate corresponding to different types of distributed power sources to obtain multiple virtual power plants; the preset target includes a first target, a second target, and a third target; the first target includes that when the power consumption of the virtual power plant is used as the load condition of the power supply area, the first standard deviation of the total load of the power supply area satisfies a first condition; the second target includes that under the target condition, the second standard deviation of the exchange power between the virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area satisfies a second condition; the third target includes determining the number of virtual power plants and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, so that the sum of the second standard deviation of the exchange power between each virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area and the first standard deviation satisfies a third condition.

2. The virtual power plant construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the first position information and the first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources, aggregating multiple first distributed power sources and multiple second distributed power sources to obtain multiple aggregates includes: Based on the first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, aggregate multiple first distributed power sources to obtain multiple aggregation partitions; Based on the first position information and the second position information, aggregate multiple second distributed power sources to multiple aggregation partitions to obtain multiple aggregates.

3. The virtual power plant construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that Based on the first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, aggregating multiple first distributed power sources to obtain multiple aggregation partitions includes: Select multiple target first output powers from multiple first output powers as the feature vectors of multiple cluster centers; Based on the feature vector of each cluster center and the feature vector distance constraint condition, cluster multiple first output powers to the corresponding cluster center; Redetermine the feature vector corresponding to each cluster center, and iteratively execute clustering multiple first output powers to the corresponding cluster center based on the feature vector of each cluster center and the feature vector distance constraint condition until the difference between the feature vector corresponding to each cluster center determined in the current iteration and the feature vector corresponding to each cluster center determined in the previous iteration is less than a second threshold.

4. The virtual power plant construction method according to claim 2, wherein, Based on the first position information and the second position information, aggregating multiple second distributed power sources into multiple aggregation partitions includes: Based on the first position information and the second position information, determining the distances between each of the second distributed power sources and each of the first distributed power sources; Based on the distances, determining the aggregation partitions corresponding to each of the second distributed power sources; Aggregating each of the second distributed power sources into the corresponding aggregation partition.

5. The virtual power plant construction method according to claim 1, wherein Based on the first output powers of the first distributed power sources in each of the aggregates, determining the second output powers of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates, including: Determining the first output electricity quantities corresponding to the first distributed power sources and the second output electricity quantities corresponding to the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates; Determining the correlation parameters between the first output electricity quantity and the second output electricity quantity in each of the aggregates; Based on the first output powers of the first distributed power sources in each of the aggregates and the corresponding correlation parameters, determining the second output powers of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates.

6. The virtual power plant construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, It further includes: Based on the second output powers of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates, determining the estimated output electricity quantities of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates; If it is determined based on the estimated output electricity quantity and the second output electricity quantity that the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates need to be re-aggregated, re-aggregating the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates and re-determining the second output powers of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates.

7. The virtual power plant construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the first output powers of the first distributed power sources and the second output powers of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, aggregating each of the aggregates corresponding to different types of distributed power sources to obtain multiple virtual power plants, including: Determining the first function corresponding to the first target, the second function corresponding to the second target, and the third function corresponding to the third target; Based on the first output powers of the first distributed power sources and the second output powers of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, solving the first function, the second function, and the third function to obtain the number of virtual power plants in the power supply area and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant; Based on the number of virtual power plants in the power supply area and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, aggregating each aggregate to obtain multiple virtual power plants corresponding to the number.

8. A virtual power plant construction device, characterized in that It includes: An acquisition module, configured to acquire the first position information and the first output power of multiple first distributed power sources, and the second position information of multiple second distributed power sources for each type of distributed power source in the power supply area; the output voltage of the first distributed power source is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the output voltage of the second distributed power source is less than the first threshold; A first aggregation module, configured to aggregate a plurality of the first distributed power sources and a plurality of the second distributed power sources based on the first position information and the first output power of the plurality of the first distributed power sources, and the second position information of the plurality of the second distributed power sources, to obtain a plurality of aggregates; A determination module, configured to determine the second output power of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates based on the first output power of the first distributed power sources in each of the aggregates; A second aggregation module, configured to aggregate each of the aggregates corresponding to different types of distributed power sources based on the first output power of the first distributed power sources and the second output power of the second distributed power sources in each of the aggregates corresponding to different types of distributed power sources, and a preset target, to obtain a plurality of virtual power plants; the preset target includes a first target, a second target, and a third target; the first target includes that, when the power consumption of the virtual power plant is used as the load condition of the power supply area, the first standard deviation of the total load of the power supply area meets a first condition; the second target includes that, under a target condition, the second standard deviation of the exchange power between the virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area meets a second condition; the third target includes determining the number of the virtual power plants and each aggregate included in each virtual power plant, so that the sum of the second standard deviation of the exchange power between each virtual power plant and the power grid in the power supply area and the first standard deviation meets a third condition.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising: At least one processor; And a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor executes the virtual power plant construction method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the virtual power plant construction method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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