Fresh rice straw synchronous collecting and field leaving device and collecting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field leaving device and a collection method thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of fresh rice straw synchronous collection, the fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field leaving device comprises two sliding plates, and the two sliding plates are arranged at intervals; the material collecting assembly is arranged on the top faces of the sliding plates and used for harvesting fresh rice straw, the material collecting assembly comprises two bearing supports, the two bearing supports are both fixedly installed on the top faces of the two sliding plates, and a plurality of bearing plates are fixedly installed on the top faces of the two bearing supports; the sliding plate is arranged, the sliding plate, the bearing support, the bearing plate, the N-shaped column and the protection plate form a skid car, the skid car is pulled by the harvester body to slide in a dragging mode, and therefore when the harvester body works continuously, all straw residues thrown after cleaning and separating of the harvester body are intercepted and collected, and the straw residues are prevented from being separated by the harvester body. And the crushed rice straws are thrown to a material storage mesh bag, so that the fresh rice straws thrown by the harvester body are prevented from falling into the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of synchronous collection of fresh rice straw, and particularly relates to a device for synchronously collecting and removing fresh rice straw from the field and a collection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The shortage of forage grass is the key bottleneck restricting the development of the cattle and sheep industry in the south. The utilization of rice straw as feed is an important way to solve the problem of shortage of forage grass for cattle and sheep, and it is also an effective strategy to relieve the government's pressure on straw burning control and promote the resource utilization of straw. However, at present, the collection of rice straw in the south of China is mainly dry rice straw, which is greatly affected by the weather. Compared with the silage of fresh rice straw, dry rice straw is prone to mildew during storage, has low nutritional value and poor palatability, which limits its utilization as feed. In addition, due to the large amount of rain, small fields, soft soil and deep mud feet in the rice-growing areas in the south of China, it is difficult, inefficient and costly to collect and remove rice straw from the field. Therefore, researching high-efficiency, high-quality and low-cost silage rice straw collection agricultural machinery and equipment and methods has become the key measure to promote the utilization of rice straw as feed in the south.

[0003] The currently applied crawler-type silage harvester with a self-unloading bin implements sectional harvesting, that is, after the combine harvester harvests the rice, the silage harvester then enters the field to harvest the straw. This device has two major drawbacks. One is that it cannot fully harvest the straw scattered during rice harvesting and the straw crushed by the crawler, which affects the harvest amount of fresh rice straw. The other is that the silage harvester causes secondary crushing of the paddy field, greatly damaging the winter crops sown under the rice plants, such as green manure milk vetch, winter forage ryegrass, triticale, barley, etc. In recent years, many scientific research institutions and enterprises have carried out beneficial explorations on the harvesting, removal and silage of fresh rice straw: such as using a pre-cut threshing machine to harvest rice, with the rice straw growing upright in the field, and then using a steel roller-type fresh rice straw harvesting, baling or wrapping integrated machine to harvest and bale the fresh rice straw into small round bales or wrap and scatter them in the field; using a full-feed or semi-feed crawler combine harvester to harvest rice, with the rice straw scattered in the field, and then using a traction-type pick-up baling or wrapping integrated machine to enter the field to pick up and bale the fresh rice straw into small round bales or wrap; the grain and straw integrated harvester developed by large agricultural machinery enterprises, which bales the fresh rice straw into small square bales or small bundles of rice and throws them in the field while harvesting the rice. For the above-mentioned harvesting devices and methods, due to the limitations of the application scenarios in the rice-growing areas in the south, transport vehicles cannot enter the field to receive materials synchronously, and no material box is set. It is necessary to manually or use secondary machinery to enter the field to pick up the straw bales or wraps and transfer them to the field tractor road for loading and transporting to the warehouse workshop, and the straw bales need to be crushed and processed again for silage after reaching the workshop. Since the wrapping is completed in the field, some of the tightness is not enough, and multiple pick-ups, transfers and loadings and unloadings will also cause damage to the wraps, resulting in large silage losses. In summary, the above-mentioned devices and methods have high costs, low efficiency and poor economic benefits for harvesting fresh rice straw, and it is difficult to promote their application in the market, greatly restricting the industrialization of fresh rice straw silage feed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a device for synchronously collecting and removing fresh rice straw and a collecting method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for synchronously collecting and removing fresh rice straw and a collecting method thereof, including two sliding plates which are arranged at intervals, and a harvester body is arranged on one side of the sliding plates; a material receiving component is arranged on the top surface of the sliding plates for harvesting fresh rice straw, and the material receiving component includes: two load-bearing brackets which are both fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the two sliding plates, several load-bearing plates are fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the two load-bearing brackets, a protective plate is fixedly installed on one side inside the sliding plates, the protective plate is parallel to the load-bearing plates, the protective plate is fixedly installed at the top of the load-bearing brackets, two N-shaped columns are fixedly installed between the protective plate and the sliding plates, an installation frame is arranged on the top surface of the sliding plates, two electric winches are arranged on one side of the installation frame, and the sliding plates, the load-bearing brackets, the load-bearing plates, the N-shaped columns and the protective plate form a sled; a material pulling component for pulling the sliding plates is arranged on one side of the sliding plates; blocking components for blocking the harvested fresh rice straw are respectively arranged on both sides of the sliding plates.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, through the arranged sliding plates, since the sliding plates, the load-bearing brackets, the load-bearing plates, the N-shaped columns and the protective plate form a sled, then by fixing the installation frame on the top of the frame of the harvester body, at this time the electric winches will also be suspended on the top of the frame of the harvester body through the installation frame. Subsequently, the staff spreads the straw storage net bag on the top of the sled. When the straw crushing and throwing component on the harvester body operates, the fresh rice straw in the harvester body will be thrown out. Since the sled is located at the tail end of the harvester body and is close to its tail, when the fresh rice straw is thrown out, it will fall into the storage net bag. And the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch is connected to the sliding plates through the material pulling component. Therefore, when the harvester body moves, it will drag the sled to slide, so as to facilitate intercepting and collecting all the straw residues scattered after the cleaning and separation of the harvester body during the continuous operation of the harvester body, and crushing and throwing them into the material storage net bag to prevent the fresh rice straw thrown out by the harvester body from falling on the field.

[0008] Preferably, the material pulling assembly includes: a plurality of hinge seat ear plates, and the plurality of hinge seat ear plates are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the two sliding plates. An articulated plate is arranged inside the hinge seat ear plate, and the articulated plate is fixedly installed with the oil-based steel wire rope of the electric winch. A moving hole is opened on one side of the articulated plate. A hinge rod is arranged inside the hinge seat ear plate. The hinge rod movably penetrates through both sides of the hinge seat ear plate. A positioning hole is opened on the outer circumferential wall surface of the hinge rod. The hinge rod is movably sleeved with the moving hole. An elastic bolt is movably clamped on the inner circumferential wall surface of the positioning hole. A thread is opened on the outer circumferential wall surface of the elastic bolt, and a nut is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential wall surface of the elastic bolt.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, through the arranged articulated plate, since the connecting members composed of the hinge seat ear plate, the articulated plate, the hinge rod, the elastic bolt and the nut are respectively N-shaped column groups, the load-bearing support group is used for connecting the front end of the sled to the tail of the harvester body, and the load-bearing support group is used for connecting the rear end of the sled to the oil-based steel wire rope on the electric winch. When the oil-based steel wire rope of the electric winch is lowered, the articulated plate can be rotated around the hinge rod, so that the rear end of the sled can be flattened and contact the ground, which is convenient for pulling the sled to move when the harvester body is walking. When the electric winch winds up the oil-based steel wire rope, the oil-based steel wire rope will pull the articulated plate, the hinge rod and the hinge seat ear plate to rise, so that the tail end of the sled can be close to the tail of the harvester body, which is convenient for storing the sled. Then, the staff removes the elastic bolt from the inside of the positioning hole, and then pulls out the hinge rod from the inside of the moving hole by pulling the hinge rod, so that the connection between the articulated plate and the hinge seat ear plate can be released, and the connection between the sled and the electric winch and the tail of the harvester body can be released, so that the sled can move independently.

[0010] Preferably, the blocking assembly includes: two blocking frames, and the two blocking frames are respectively arranged on both sides of the sliding plate. Rotating columns are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the blocking frame. Two extension columns are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the protection plate. The rotating column is movably sleeved with the extension column.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, through the arranged blocking frame, when the fresh rice straw falls into the sled, the blocking frame can block both sides of the fresh rice straw, preventing the fresh rice straw from rolling off both sides of the sled after a large amount of fresh rice straw is piled up inside the sled.

[0012] Preferably, a fixed shell is fixedly installed on one side of the extension column. A ratchet wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential wall surface of the rotating column. A fixed column is fixedly installed inside the fixed shell. A torsion spring is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential wall surface of the fixed column. A rotating hole is opened on one side of the fixed shell. A pawl is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential wall surface of the fixed column. The rotating column is movably sleeved with the fixed shell.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, through the provided ratchet, when fresh rice straw is piled on the top surface of the skid, the blocking frame is rotated to drive the rotating column and the ratchet to rotate, so that the blocking frame rotates around the rotating column, so that the two blocking frames can be opened in a V shape, which is convenient for increasing the storage area of the top surface of the skid.

[0014] Preferably, a mounting column is fixedly installed inside the fixed shell, an adjusting block is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the mounting column, a toggle block is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the adjusting block, and a force block is fixedly installed on the top surface of the pawl.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, through the setting of the adjustment block, the staff can rotate the adjustment block to drive the toggle block to rotate around the installation column, so that the toggle block contacts the surface of the force-bearing block, and squeezes the force-bearing block to make the force-bearing block drive the toggle block to rotate, so that the pawl can leave the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel, so as to release the restriction on the ratchet wheel and facilitate the rotation of the blocking frame.

[0016] Preferably, a mounting frame is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting frame, a driving motor is fixedly sleeved inside the mounting frame, a moving platform is fixedly mounted on one side of the electric winch, the moving platform is slidably connected to the mounting frame, a stabilizing column is fixedly mounted on one side of the moving platform, a swing plate is provided on one side of the mounting frame, two limiting columns are fixedly mounted on one side of the swing plate, the swing plate is fixedly mounted to the driving shaft of the driving motor, two pulling rods are provided on one side of the swing plate, two connecting holes are provided on one side of the pulling rod, and the two connecting holes are movably sleeved with the limiting column and the stabilizing column respectively.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, through the set moving platform, the staff uses the driving motor, and the driving shaft of the driving motor rotates clockwise to drive the swing plate and the limiting column to rotate, and then the limiting column pulls the stabilizing column through the pulling rod to drive the moving platform and the electric winch to move. At this time, the two electric winches will approach each other, and at the same time, the oily steel wire ropes on the two electric winches will also approach each other. Conversely, by reversing the driving shaft of the driving motor, the swing plate and the limiting column can push the stabilizing column, the moving platform and the electric winch through the pulling rod to move, so that the two electric winches can be moved away from each other, and the oily steel wire ropes on the two electric winches can also be moved away from each other. When it is necessary to adjust the direction of the skid loader, such as turning or bypassing an obstacle, a tension difference is formed by moving the oily steel wire ropes on both sides away from each other, so as to achieve flexible steering. When the steel wire ropes are close, the angle of the pulling direction is reduced, and the resultant force is more concentrated, which can improve the traction efficiency, reduce energy loss, make the skid loader move more smoothly, and distribute the pressure on the ground more evenly.

[0018] Preferably, a number of guide posts are fixedly installed inside the installation frame. Two guide holes are formed on one side of the moving table. The guide holes are slidably connected to the guide posts. An installation shell is fixedly installed on one side of the installation frame.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, through the provided guide posts, the electric winch and the moving table are limited and slid.

[0020] Preferably, aluminum-magnesium thin panels are pasted on the outside of the sliding plate, the load-bearing bracket, the load-bearing plate, the N-shaped column and the protection plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, through the provided aluminum-magnesium thin panels, it is prevented that the stubble in the field touches the material storage net bag and the muddy water splashes up to pollute the rice straw.

[0022] Preferably, the sliding plate is made of a light, high-strength and wear-resistant alloy material. The front and rear ends of the sliding plate are upturned. The left and right sides of the sliding plate are slightly curled upward, presenting a slightly ∪ shape.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, through the provided sliding plate, the overall supporting force of the sliding plate and the stability of the sled are increased.

[0024] The present invention also provides a collection and field-removing method for a fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field-removing device. The specific steps are as follows:

[0025] Step 1: Preparation work 1. The user installs the straw crushing and conveying component at the straw residue throwing outlet at the tail of the harvester body, hangs the sled on the rear crossbeam of the frame of the harvester body, and connects the oil-based steel wire rope on the electric winch to the rear end of the sled. Operate the electric winch switch to rotate forward synchronously, contract the oil-based steel wire rope, and lift the rear end of the sled to be buckled on the straw crushing and conveying component installed at the tail of the harvester body.

[0026] Step 2: Preparation work 2. The user moves the harvester body to the paddy field; operates the electric winch switch to rotate reversely synchronously, relaxes the oil-based steel wire rope, and levels the rear end of the sled to a slightly raised state backward and upward; places a straw storage net bag in the boat-shaped vehicle body of the sled, and sleeved the feeding sleeve at the top of the net bag on the outlet end of the feeding cylinder on the straw crushing and conveying component.

[0027] Step 3: Straw collection 1. The user starts the harvester body, adjusts the height of the cutting table, and operates the harvester body to start harvesting rice; at the same time, operates the electric winch switch to rotate reversely synchronously, relaxes the oil-based steel wire rope, gradually levels the sled, so that the parallel sliding plate at the bottom of the sled fully bears on the crawler track of the harvester body, and is dragged and slid by the harvester body; the rice harvested by the harvester body is sent to the grain storage box for storage, and the straw residue is crushed by the straw crushing and conveying component and then thrown into the net bag for collection and storage.

[0028] Step 4: Straw collection 2. When the user drives the harvester to harvest rice, the user adjusts the amount of straw collected by the stubble height, so that the straw and rice are stored and unloaded synchronously; when the harvester is harvesting, when turning or reversing, the user operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the forward direction, retracts the oily steel wire rope, pulls the tail of the skid upward and backward, and raises the platform to a suitable height to complete the turning or reversing of the harvester; then the user operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the reverse direction, loosens the oily steel wire rope, and gradually flattens the skid, so that the parallel slide at the bottom of the skid is fully focused on the track track of the harvester, and the harvester drags and slides;

[0029] Step 5: Unloading before leaving the field. After the rice storage box and the straw storage net bag are full of materials, the user moves the harvester body to the side of the field and parks it beside the mechanized farming road. The rice is unloaded from the grain unloading barrel to the grain transport vehicle. At the same time, the straw storage net bag is hoisted and unloaded to the transport vehicle through the crane of the waiting flatbed tractor, thus completing the collection of fresh rice straw before leaving the field. After the hoisting and unloading is completed, the user places the straw storage net bag on the skid again and then proceeds to the next operation.

[0030] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The product of the present invention is mounted on the rear of the rice full-feed combine harvester body, and is composed of a skid, a straw crushing and throwing component, a straw storage net bag, a pin hinge connector, an electric winch and an oily steel wire rope. When installing, the straw crushing and throwing component is fixed to the straw residue throwing port of the harvester body with a screw, and the skid is connected to the rear crossbeam of the harvester body frame and the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch with a pin hinge component, and the installation of the main body of the product of the present invention is completed; when disassembling, the fixing screw on the straw crushing and throwing component is unscrewed, the straw crushing and throwing component is removed, the pin bolt is pulled out, the pin hinge connection between the skid and the rear crossbeam of the harvester body frame and the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch is loosened, the skid is removed, and the electric winch retracts the oily steel wire rope, and the disassembly of the product of the present invention is completed, and the harvester body resumes its original function of harvesting rice and throwing straw residues into the field. The entire installation and disassembly will not cause any damage or impact to the structure of the harvester body;

[0032] 2. The product of the present invention installs a straw crushing and throwing component at the straw debris throwing port of the harvester body, so that all the straw debris thrown after the harvester body is cleaned and separated can be easily intercepted and collected, and crushed and thrown into the material storage net bag; by hanging a skid on the rear crossbeam of the harvester body frame, the parallel slide plate at the bottom of the skid is applied to the crawler track of the harvester body, the bottom is smooth, and the harvester body is dragged to slide along the crawler track, the friction is small, and no large traction is required, which solves the load and power consumption of the harvester body in synchronously harvesting straw. Difficulty: By adding an electric winch and oily steel wire rope on the top of the harvester body, the height of the skid car is pulled up and adjusted, which effectively solves the problem of difficulty in turning and reversing due to the suspension of the skid car on the harvester body. The product of the present invention is fully suitable for the application scenarios of southern rice-growing areas with heavy rain, small fields, soft soil and deep mud. It truly breaks through the bottleneck of agricultural machinery equipment for collecting rice straw from the field in the industrialization of rice straw silage, solves the dilemma of forage shortage in the south, and effectively promotes the development of the cattle and sheep industry in the south.

[0033] 3. The rice harvest and fresh rice straw collection and removal from the field are completed synchronously, which greatly improves the comprehensive benefits of the harvester operation. After the product of the present invention is mounted on the tail of the rice full-feed combine harvester, when the harvester harvests rice, the straw is received and crushed by the straw crushing and throwing component and thrown into the straw storage net bag; the straw storage net bag is placed on the skid; the skid is dragged and slid by the harvester, and the rice straw is crushed and collected synchronously, so that the rice straw is harvested synchronously, which greatly improves the comprehensive harvesting efficiency of the rice straw and the rice straw harvesting rate; the straw does not fall to the ground, which ensures the quality of the straw; the rice straw is collected as much as possible, and the straw is turned into food, which effectively promotes the increase of grain yield per unit area;

[0034] 4. It saves the cost of collecting and removing rice straw from the field, and avoids the crushing and damage to the land caused by secondary machinery going into the field. One machine goes into the field to harvest both rice and straw. The product of the present invention realizes the synchronous harvesting of rice and straw. A straw storage net bag is placed on the skid car to temporarily store the collected straw; the net bag is lifted and unloaded by a flatbed tractor with a crane on the vehicle. The collection and unloading of the straw is extremely fast. There is no need for a transport vehicle to go into the field to accompany the material, and there is no need for machinery or manual labor to go into the field for the second time to harvest, pick up, bale, and transport the rice straw. This greatly saves the cost of harvesting and removing rice straw from the field, and also avoids the crushing and damage to the land caused by secondary machinery going into the field, which is beneficial to the planting and promotion of winter green manure and winter forage grass that need to be "planted under the rice". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the skateboard of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 2A is a magnified schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the hinge seat ear plate structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the load-bearing plate of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure of B;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed shell structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the toggle block of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation shell structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the installation frame structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile station of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the harvester body of the present invention.

[0047] 1. Slide plate; 2. Load-bearing bracket; 3. Load-bearing plate; 4. N-shaped column; 5. Protective plate; 6. Mounting frame; 7. Electric winch; 8. Hinge seat ear plate; 9. Hinge plate; 10. Movable hole; 11. Hinge rod; 12. Positioning hole; 13. Elastic latch; 14. Nut; 15. Blocking frame; 16. Rotating column; 17. Extension column; 18. Fixed shell; 19. Ratchet; 20. Fixed column; 21. Ratchet; 22. Rotating hole; 23. Torsion spring; 24. Mounting column; 25. Adjusting block; 26. Force block; 27. Toggle block; 28. Mounting frame; 29. Driving motor; 30. Moving platform; 31. Stabilizing column; 32. Swinging plate; 33. Pull rod; 34. Connecting hole; 35. Limiting column; 36. Guide column; 37. Guide hole; 38. Mounting shell; 39. Harvester body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example: Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 12 , a fresh rice straw synchronous collection and off-field device and its collection method, including two sliding plates 1, the two sliding plates 1 are arranged at intervals, one side of the sliding plate 1 is provided with a harvester body 39, the harvester body 39 is a WoDe crawler self-propelled full-feed combine harvester, the top surface of the sliding plate 1 is provided with a material receiving component for harvesting fresh rice straw, the material receiving component includes two load-bearing brackets 2, both of the two load-bearing brackets 2 are fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the two sliding plates 1, a plurality of load-bearing plates 3 are fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the two load-bearing brackets 2, one side inside the sliding plate 1 is fixedly installed with a protective plate 5, the protective plate 5 is parallel to the load-bearing plate 3, the protective plate 5 is fixedly installed at the top of the load-bearing bracket 2, two N-shaped columns 4 are fixedly installed between the protective plate 5 and the sliding plate 1, the top surface of the sliding plate 1 is provided with a mounting frame 6, two electric winches 7 are arranged on one side of the mounting frame 6, the sliding plate 1, the load-bearing bracket 2, the load-bearing plate 3, the N-shaped column 4 and the protective plate 5 form a sled, one side of the sliding plate 1 is provided with a pulling component for pulling the sliding plate 1, and two blocking components for blocking the harvested fresh rice straw are respectively arranged on both sides of the sliding plate 1;

[0050] By providing the sliding plate 1, since the sliding plate 1, the load-bearing bracket 2, the load-bearing plate 3, the N-shaped column 4 and the protective plate 5 form a sled, and then by fixing the mounting frame on the top of the frame of the harvester body 39, at this time the electric winch 7 will also be suspended on the top of the frame of the harvester body 39 through the mounting frame 6. Subsequently, the staff spreads the straw storage net bag on the top of the sled. When the straw crushing and throwing component on the harvester body 39 operates, the fresh rice straw in the harvester body 39 will be thrown out. Since the sled is located at the tail end of the harvester body 39 and is close to its tail, when the fresh rice straw is thrown out, it will fall into the storage net bag. And the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch 7 is connected to the sliding plate 1 through the pulling component. Therefore, when the harvester body 39 moves, it will drag the sled to slide, so as to facilitate intercepting and collecting all the straw residues separated by the harvester body 39 during cleaning and throwing them into the material storage net bag during the continuous operation of the harvester body 39, and preventing the fresh rice straw thrown out by the harvester body 39 from falling on the field.

[0051] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 12, the material pulling component includes several hinge seat ear plates 8, and the several hinge seat ear plates 8 are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the two slide plates 1. An articulated plate 9 is arranged inside the hinge seat ear plate 8, and the articulated plate 9 is fixedly installed with the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch 7. An activity hole 10 is opened on one side of the articulated plate 9. A hinge rod 11 is arranged inside the hinge seat ear plate 8, and the hinge rod 11 movably penetrates through both sides of the hinge seat ear plate 8. A positioning hole 12 is opened on the outer wall surface of the hinge rod 11. The hinge rod 11 is movably sleeved with the activity hole 10. An elastic bolt 13 is movably clamped on the inner wall surface of the positioning hole 12. Threads are opened on the outer wall surface of the elastic bolt 13, and a nut 14 is threadedly connected to the outer wall surface of the elastic bolt 13;

[0052] By providing the articulated plate 9, since the connecting parts composed of the hinge seat ear plate 8, the articulated plate 9, the hinge rod 11, the elastic bolt 13 and the nut 14 are respectively in 4 groups of N-shaped columns, and 2 groups of load-bearing brackets are used for connecting the front end of the sled to the tail of the harvester body 39, and 2 groups of load-bearing brackets are used for connecting the rear end of the sled to the oily steel wire rope on the electric winch. When the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch 7 is lowered, the articulated plate 9 can be rotated around the hinge rod 11, so that the rear end of the sled can be flattened and contact the ground, which is convenient for pulling the sled to move when the harvester body 39 is walking. When the electric winch 7 winds up the oily steel wire rope, the oily steel wire rope will pull the articulated plate 9, the hinge rod 11 and the hinge seat ear plate 8 to rise, so that the tail end of the sled can be close to the tail of the harvester body 39, which is convenient for storing the sled. Then, the staff removes the elastic bolt 13 from the inside of the positioning hole 12, and then pulls out the hinge rod 11 from the inside of the activity hole 10 by pulling the hinge rod 11, so that the connection between the articulated plate 9 and the hinge seat ear plate 8 can be released, and the connection between the sled and the electric winch 7 and the tail of the harvester body 39 can be released, so that the sled can move independently.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The blocking assembly includes two blocking frames 15, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the slide plate 1, and rotating columns 16 are fixedly installed on both sides of the blocking frames 15. Two extension columns 17 are fixedly installed on both sides of the protective plate 5, and the rotating column 16 is movably sleeved with the extension column 17. A fixed shell 18 is fixedly installed on one side of the extension column 17. A ratchet 19 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circular wall of the rotating column 16, and a fixed column 20 is fixedly installed inside the fixed shell 18. A torsion spring 23 is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the fixed column 20. A rotating hole 22 is opened on one side of the fixed shell 18, and a pawl 21 is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the fixed column 20. The rotating column 16 is movably sleeved with the fixed shell 18, and a mounting column 24 is fixedly installed inside the fixed shell 18. The outer circular wall of the mounting column 24 is movably sleeved with an adjusting block 25. A toggle block 27 is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the adjusting block 25, and a force-bearing block 26 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the pawl 21;

[0054] By means of the blocking frame 15, when fresh rice straw falls into the skid, the blocking frame 15 can block both sides of the fresh rice straw to prevent a large amount of fresh rice straw from rolling down from both sides of the skid after being piled inside the skid. By means of the ratchet 19, when fresh rice straw is piled on the top surface of the skid, the blocking frame 15 is rotated to drive the rotating column 16 and the ratchet 19 to rotate, so that the blocking frame 15 rotates around the rotating column 16, thereby the two blocking frames 15 can be opened in a V-shape, which is convenient for increasing the fresh rice straw piled on the top surface of the skid. By means of the adjusting block 25, the staff can rotate the adjusting block 25 to drive the toggle block 27 to rotate around the mounting column 24, thereby making the toggle block 27 contact the surface of the force-bearing block 26, and squeeze the force-bearing block 26 to make the force-bearing block 26 drive the toggle block 27 to rotate, thereby making the ratchet 21 leave the tooth groove of the ratchet 19, so as to release the restriction on the ratchet 19 and facilitate the rotation of the blocking frame 15.

[0055] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11, on one side of the installation frame 6, an installation bracket 28 is fixedly installed. Inside the installation bracket 28, a driving motor 29 is fixedly sleeved. On one side of the electric winch 7, a moving platform 30 is fixedly installed. The moving platform 30 is slidably connected to the installation frame 6. On one side of the moving platform 30, a stabilizing column 31 is fixedly installed. On one side of the installation frame 6, a swinging plate 32 is provided. On one side of the swinging plate 32, two limiting columns 35 are fixedly installed. The swinging plate 32 is fixedly installed on the driving shaft of the driving motor 29. On one side of the swinging plate 32, two pulling rods 33 are provided. On one side of the pulling rod 33, two connecting holes 34 are opened. The two connecting holes 34 are respectively movably sleeved on the limiting column 35 and the stabilizing column 31. Inside the installation frame 6, a number of guiding columns 36 are fixedly installed. On one side of the moving platform 30, two guiding holes 37 are opened. The guiding holes 37 are slidably connected to the guiding columns 36. On one side of the installation frame 6, an installation shell 38 is fixedly installed;

[0056] By setting the moving platform 30, the staff uses the driving motor 29. When the driving shaft of the driving motor 29 rotates clockwise, it will drive the swinging plate 32 and the limiting column 35 to rotate. Then, the limiting column 35 will pull the stabilizing column 31 through the pulling rod 33 to drive the moving platform 30 and the electric winch 7 to move. At this time, the two electric winches 7 will approach each other. At the same time, the oily steel wires on the two electric winches 7 will also approach each other. On the contrary, by reversing the driving shaft of the driving motor 29, the swinging plate 32 and the limiting column 35 can push the stabilizing column 31, the moving platform 30 and the electric winch 7 to move through the pulling rod 33. Thus, the two electric winches 7 can be moved away from each other, and the oily steel wires on the two electric winches 7 can also be moved away from each other. When it is necessary to adjust the direction of the sled, such as turning or bypassing an obstacle, a pulling force difference is formed by the separation of the oily steel wires on both sides to achieve flexible steering. When the steel wires approach, the included angle of the pulling force directions decreases, and the resultant force is more concentrated, which can improve the traction efficiency, reduce energy loss, make the sled move more smoothly, and make the pressure distribution on the ground more uniform.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , on the exteriors of the skateboard 1, the load-bearing bracket 2, the load-bearing plate 3, the N-shaped column 4 and the protective plate 5, aluminum-magnesium thin panels are pasted. The skateboard 1 is made of a lightweight, high-strength and wear-resistant alloy material. The front and rear ends of the skateboard 1 are upturned, and the left and right sides of the skateboard 1 are slightly curled upwards, presenting a slightly ∪ shape;

[0058] By setting the aluminum-magnesium thin panel, it is prevented that the stubble in the field touches the material storage net bag and the muddy water splashes up to pollute the rice straw.

[0059] The present invention also provides a method for collecting and leaving the field of a fresh rice straw synchronous collection and leaving the field device. The specific steps are as follows:

[0060] Step 1: Preparation work 1, the user installs the straw crushing and throwing component at the straw residue throwing outlet at the rear of the harvester body 39, hangs the skid on the rear crossbeam of the harvester body 39 frame, and connects the oily steel wire rope on the electric winch to the rear end of the skid, operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the forward direction, retracts the oily steel wire rope, and pulls the rear end of the skid up to the straw crushing and throwing component installed at the rear of the harvester body 39;

[0061] Step 2: Preparation work 2, the user moves the harvester body 39 to the rice field; operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the reverse direction, loosens the oily steel wire rope, and lays the rear end of the skid flat to a slightly raised state facing backward and upward; places a straw storage net bag in the boat-shaped body of the skid, and puts the guide sleeve on the top of the net bag on the outlet end of the guide cylinder on the straw crushing and throwing component;

[0062] Step 3: Straw collection 1. The user starts the harvester body 39, adjusts the height of the harvesting table, and operates the harvester body 39 to start harvesting rice; at the same time, the electric winch switch is operated to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, the oily steel wire rope is loosened, and the skid is gradually leveled, so that the parallel slide at the bottom of the skid is fully applied to the track of the harvester body 39, and the harvester body 39 drags and slides; the rice harvested by the harvester body 39 is sent to the grain storage box for storage, and the straw residue is crushed by the straw crushing and throwing component and thrown into the net bag for collection and storage;

[0063] Step 4: Straw collection 2. When the user drives the harvester body 39 to harvest rice, the user adjusts the amount of straw collected by the stubble height, so that the straw and rice are stored and unloaded synchronously; when the harvester body 39 is harvesting, when turning or reversing, the user operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the forward direction, retracts the oily steel wire rope, pulls the tail of the skid car backward and upward, and raises the platform to a suitable height to complete the turning or reversing of the harvester body 39; then the user operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the reverse direction, loosens the oily steel wire rope, and gradually flattens the skid car, so that the parallel slide plate at the bottom of the skid car fully exerts force on the track track of the harvester body 39, and is dragged and slid by the harvester body 39;

[0064] Step 5: Unloading before leaving the field. After the rice storage box and the straw storage net bag are full of materials, the user moves the harvester body to the side of the field and parks it beside the mechanized farming road. The rice is unloaded from the grain unloading barrel to the grain transport vehicle. At the same time, the straw storage net bag is hoisted and unloaded to the transport vehicle through the crane of the waiting flatbed tractor, thus completing the collection of fresh rice straw before leaving the field. After the hoisting and unloading is completed, the user places the straw storage net bag on the skid again and then proceeds to the next operation.

[0065] Working principle: Please refer to Figures 1 - 12As shown, through the set skateboard 1, since the skateboard 1, the load-bearing bracket 2, the load-bearing plate 3, the N-shaped column 4 and the protection plate 5 form a sled, and then by fixing the mounting frame on the top of the frame of the harvester body 39, at this time the electric winch 7 will also be suspended on the top of the frame of the harvester body 39 through the mounting frame 6. Subsequently, the staff spreads the straw storage net bag on the top of the sled. When the straw crushing and throwing component on the harvester body 39 operates, the fresh rice straw in the harvester body 39 will be thrown out. Since the sled is located at the tail end of the harvester body 39 and is close to its tail, when the fresh rice straw is thrown out, it will fall into the storage net bag. And the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch 7 is connected to the skateboard 1 through the material pulling component. Therefore, when the harvester body 39 moves, it will drag the sled to slide, so as to facilitate intercepting and collecting all the straw residues scattered after the cleaning and separation of the harvester body 39 during continuous operation of the harvester body 39, and crushing and throwing them into the material storage net bag to prevent the fresh rice straw thrown out by the harvester body 39 from falling on the field.

[0066] Through the set hinge plate 9, since the connecting pieces composed of the hinge seat ear plate 8, the hinge plate 9, the hinge rod 11, the elastic pin 13 and the nut 14 are respectively in groups of N-shaped columns 4, and two groups of load-bearing brackets 2 are used for connecting the front end of the sled to the tail of the harvester body 39, and two groups of load-bearing brackets 2 are used for connecting the rear end of the sled to the oily steel wire rope on the electric winch. When the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch 7 is lowered, the hinge plate 9 will rotate around the hinge rod 11, so that the rear end of the sled can be flattened and touch the ground, which is convenient for pulling the sled to move when the harvester body 39 moves. When the electric winch 7 winds up the oily steel wire rope, the oily steel wire rope will pull the hinge plate 9, the hinge rod 11 and the hinge seat ear plate 8 to rise, so that the tail end of the sled can be close to the tail of the harvester body 39, which is convenient for storing the sled. Then the staff removes the elastic pin 13 from the inside of the positioning hole 12, and then pulls out the hinge rod 11 from the inside of the movable hole 10 by pulling the hinge rod 11, so as to disconnect the connection between the hinge plate 9 and the hinge seat ear plate 8, and thus facilitate disconnecting the connection between the sled and the electric winch 7 and the tail of the harvester body 39, so that the sled can move independently.

[0067] Through the set ratchet 19, when the top surface of the sled accumulates fresh rice straw, by rotating the blocking frame 15 to drive the rotating column 16 and the ratchet 19 to rotate, so that the blocking frame 15 rotates around the rotating column 16, and the two blocking frames 15 can be opened in a V shape, which is convenient for increasing the spreading area of the storage net loan on the top surface of the sled.

[0068] By means of the setting adjustment block 25, the staff rotates the adjustment block 25 to make it rotate around the mounting column 24 to drive the toggle block 27, thereby making the toggle block 27 contact the surface of the force block 26, and squeezes the force block 26 to make the force block 26 drive the toggle block 27 to rotate, so that the pawl 21 can leave the tooth groove of the ratchet 19, so as to release the restriction on the ratchet 19 and facilitate the rotation of the blocking frame 15.

[0069] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and off-field device, characterized in that include: Two slide plates, the two slide plates are arranged at intervals, and a harvester body is arranged on one side of the slide plate; A material collecting component is arranged on the top surface of the slide plate, and is used for harvesting fresh rice straw. The material collecting component comprises: two load-bearing brackets, both of which are fixedly mounted on the top surfaces of the two slide plates, and a plurality of load-bearing plates are fixedly mounted on the top surfaces of the two load-bearing brackets, and a protective plate is fixedly mounted on one side of the inner part of the slide plate, the protective plate is parallel to the load-bearing plate, and the protective plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the load-bearing bracket, and two N-shaped columns are fixedly mounted between the protective plate and the slide plate, and a mounting frame is arranged on the top surface of the slide plate, and two electric winches are arranged on one side of the mounting frame, and the slide plate, the load-bearing bracket, the load-bearing plate, the N-shaped column and the protective plate constitute a skid car; A material pulling component for pulling the slide is provided on one side of the slide; Blocking components for blocking the harvested fresh rice straw are respectively arranged on both sides of the slide plate.

2. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and off-field device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulling assembly includes: A plurality of hinge seat ear plates are respectively fixedly mounted on both sides of the two slides, a hinge plate is arranged inside the hinge seat ear plate, the hinge plate and the oily steel wire rope of the electric winch are fixedly mounted, a movable hole is opened on one side of the hinge plate, a hinge rod is arranged inside the hinge seat ear plate, the hinge rod movably passes through both sides of the hinge seat ear plate, a positioning hole is opened on the outer circular wall surface of the hinge rod, the hinge rod is movably connected with the movable hole, an elastic pin is movably clamped on the inner circular wall surface of the positioning hole, a thread is opened on the outer circular wall surface of the elastic pin, and a nut is threadedly connected to the outer circular wall surface of the elastic pin.

3. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and off-field device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking components include: Two blocking frames are respectively arranged on both sides of the slide board, rotating columns are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the blocking frames, two extension columns are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the protective plate, and the rotating columns are movably sleeved with the extension columns.

4. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixed shell is fixedly installed on one side of the extension column, a ratchet is fixedly sleeved on the outer circular wall of the rotating column, a fixed column is fixedly installed inside the fixed shell, a torsion spring is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the fixed column, a rotating hole is opened on one side of the fixed shell, a pawl is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the fixed column, and the rotating column is movably sleeved on the fixed shell.

5. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and off-field device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A mounting column is fixedly installed inside the fixed shell, an adjusting block is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the mounting column, a toggle block is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the adjusting block, and a force bearing block is fixedly installed on the top surface of the pawl.

6. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field-removing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting frame is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting frame, a driving motor is fixedly sleeved inside the mounting frame, a moving platform is fixedly installed on one side of the electric winch, the moving platform is slidably connected to the mounting frame, a stabilizing column is fixedly installed on one side of the moving platform, a swing plate is provided on one side of the mounting frame, two limiting columns are fixedly installed on one side of the swing plate, the swing plate is fixedly installed to the driving shaft of the driving motor, two pulling rods are provided on one side of the swing plate, two connecting holes are opened on one side of the pulling rod, and the two connecting holes are movably sleeved with the limiting column and the stabilizing column respectively.

7. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field-removing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of guide columns are fixedly installed inside the installation frame, two guide holes are arranged on one side of the moving platform, the guide holes are slidably connected with the guide columns, and a mounting shell is fixedly installed on one side of the installation frame.

8. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field leaving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exteriors of the slide plate, the load-bearing bracket, the load-bearing plate, the N-shaped column and the protective plate are all covered with aluminum-magnesium thin panels.

9. A fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field-removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide plate is made of a light, high-strength, wear-resistant alloy material. The front and rear ends of the slide plate are tilted, and the left and right sides of the slide plate are slightly curled upward to form a micro-∪ shape.

10. The collection and field-removal method of a fresh rice straw synchronous collection and field-removal device according to claim 9, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Preparation work 1. The user installs the straw crushing and throwing component at the straw residue throwing outlet at the rear of the harvester body, hangs the skid on the rear crossbeam of the harvester body frame, and connects the oily steel wire rope on the electric winch to the rear end of the skid, operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the forward direction, retracts the oily steel wire rope, and pulls the rear end of the skid up to buckle on the straw crushing and throwing component installed at the rear of the harvester body; Step 2: Preparation 2: The user moves the harvester body to the rice field; operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, loosens the oily steel wire rope, and lays the rear end of the skid flat to a slightly raised state facing upward and backward; places a straw storage net bag in the boat-shaped body of the skid, and puts the guide sleeve on the top of the net bag on the outlet end of the guide cylinder on the straw crushing and throwing component; Step 3: Straw collection 1. The user starts the harvester body, adjusts the height of the harvesting table, and operates the harvester body to start harvesting rice; at the same time, the electric winch switch is operated to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, the oily steel wire rope is loosened, and the skid is gradually leveled, so that the parallel slide at the bottom of the skid is fully focused on the track of the harvester body, and the harvester body drags and slides; the rice harvested by the harvester body is sent to the grain storage box for storage, and the straw residue is crushed by the straw crushing and throwing components and thrown into the net bag for collection and storage; Step 4: Straw collection 2. When the user drives the harvester to harvest rice, the user adjusts the amount of straw collected by the stubble height, so that the straw and rice are stored and unloaded synchronously; when the harvester is harvesting, when turning or reversing, the user operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the forward direction, retracts the oily steel wire rope, pulls the tail of the skid upward and backward, and raises the platform to a suitable height to complete the turning or reversing of the harvester; then the user operates the electric winch switch to rotate synchronously in the reverse direction, loosens the oily steel wire rope, and gradually flattens the skid, so that the parallel slide at the bottom of the skid is fully focused on the track track of the harvester, and the harvester drags and slides; Step 5: Unloading before leaving the field. After the rice storage box and the straw storage net bag are full of materials, the user moves the harvester body to the side of the field and parks it beside the mechanized farming road. The rice is unloaded from the grain unloading barrel to the grain transport vehicle. At the same time, the straw storage net bag is hoisted and unloaded to the transport vehicle through the crane of the waiting flatbed tractor, thus completing the collection of fresh rice straw before leaving the field. After the hoisting and unloading is completed, the user places the straw storage net bag on the skid again and then proceeds to the next operation.

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