Lever type elastic vibration device and rotary switching type granulation device

Abstract

A lever type elastic vibration device comprises a base, a U-shaped lever rocker arm is arranged above the base, the open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm is hinged to the base to form a lever fulcrum, and the closed end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm is provided with a vibration source to form a lever power point; a vibration platform is elastically supported above the base, and the vibration platform is connected with the middle part of the U-shaped lever rocker arm to form a lever resistance point; when the vibration source vibrates, the power point drives the U-shaped lever rocker arm to vibrate around the lever fulcrum, and then the resistance point drives the vibration platform to elastically vibrate up and down. According to the lever type elastic vibration device, a labor-saving lever structure is adopted, so that the vibration platform can be driven by the vibration motor with relatively low power to generate vibration motion. And based on the lever principle, the amplitude of the resistance point is smaller than that of the vibration motor, so that the characteristic is beneficial to improving the energy utilization efficiency while ensuring that the granulation spray head obtains a stable vibration effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of high tower compound fertilizer granulation, and particularly relates to a lever type elastic vibration device and a rotary switching type granulation device. Background Art

[0002] The tower melt method compound fertilizer granulation process is significantly different from the pure urea or pure ammonium nitrate granulation process. The compound fertilizer melt contains a high proportion of solid powder materials such as phosphorus and potassium. Therefore, heating and mechanical stirring means are required to quickly compound the molten liquid with solid wastes such as phosphorus and potassium into a low-temperature eutectic melt with a certain fluidity. Since there are a large number of solid-phase suspended particles in this eutectic melt, its viscosity increases significantly compared with the pure urea or pure ammonium nitrate melt. Traditional granulation devices are difficult to meet its special process requirements. Therefore, a differential granulator and a differential granulation nozzle are needed to meet the melt granulation of compound fertilizers. However, since there will be certain differences in the volume of the droplets produced by the rotary granulation nozzle, considering that this difference is inevitable and the economic efficiency of production costs, the national standard GB15063-2020 for compound fertilizers stipulates that spherical particles with a diameter in the range of 1-4.75 mm account for 90% of the total amount as qualified products. However, in the fierce market competition environment, compound fertilizer enterprises are forced to narrow the ex-factory standard of the particle size of their own enterprises to 2-4 mm or even a narrower range. This undoubtedly poses a higher challenge to the performance of the granulator. In the case that the current granulator cannot meet the requirements of this particle size range, enterprises have to rely on the original screening means to enhance the market competitiveness of their products. This inevitably leads to the generation of a large amount of returned materials with unqualified particle sizes, and the consequence is bound to increase production costs and reduce production efficiency. Therefore, improving the qualified rate of finished products is of extremely important practical significance and commercial value for enterprises. Over the years, the high tower granulation industry has done a lot of work in improving the process and device for the qualified rate of finished products, including adding a vibration mechanism to the compound fertilizer granulation device. However, due to various reasons, the vibration granulation technology has not been applied to industrial large-scale production in the high tower compound fertilizer production process yet.

[0003] The closest prior art to the present application is the utility model patent of "Compound fertilizer differential granulation equipment with vibration function (CN204625501U)" previously applied by the applicant. This technical solution adds a vibration mechanism on the basis of the compound fertilizer differential granulation device. By artificially controlling the vibration frequency and amplitude of the granulation nozzle, the jet ejected from the granulation nozzle is more evenly broken into droplets of a certain specification under the action of vibration. At the same time, for high-viscosity melts, the vibration state can significantly improve their fluidity, which highly matches the requirements of the high-viscosity melt in the high tower compound fertilizer granulation process. At the same time, the vibration state can also enhance the density of the particles, making the particles have better strength.

[0004] The high tower compound fertilizer granulation process usually adopts a rotary switching granulation device (CN 205398505U). Two identical granulators are respectively installed on a rotatable and liftable bracket as backups for each other. This rapid switching device can swap working positions at any time and is widely used in the high tower compound fertilizer melt granulation process. However, due to the particularity of the materials in the melt method compound fertilizer granulation process, the spray holes are extremely prone to blockage, which will adversely affect the qualified rate of finished products and output, and may even cause serious accidents such as sticking to the tower wall. Therefore, in the actual production process, especially when producing high-viscosity formula products, the spray heads need to be replaced frequently, sometimes even once every two hours. To address this problem, some enterprises have upgraded the traditional one-open-one-backup granulation device to one-open-two-backup or even one-open-three-backup systems to meet the need for frequent replacement of granulation spray heads, improve the qualified rate of finished products, and extend the service life of granulation spray heads.

[0005] If the method of setting a vibration mechanism in (CN204625501U) is combined with the rotary switching granulation device (CN205398505U), that is, a special bracket is installed above the driving motor of each granulator, a vibration motor is set on the upper part of the bracket, and a group of pressure springs are installed on the base of the granulator. This method is feasible in the experimental device, but in large-scale industrial production, many drawbacks are exposed: on the one hand, due to the large vertical height distance between the vibration motor and the base spring, the vibration generated by the vibration motor will produce uncontrollable offsets when transmitted to the granulation spray head, and it is impossible to ensure the stable and consistent vibration effect of the granulation spray head; on the other hand, each granulator needs to be separately equipped with a vibration generating source and a spring device, which not only increases the volume and weight of the differential granulator, but also significantly increases the equipment procurement cost and the difficulty of operation. Especially for the rotary switching granulation device with one-open-two-backup or one-open-three-backup systems, not only the increase in device cost is particularly significant, but it is also difficult to ensure the stable and consistent vibration effects of multiple granulation spray heads. As a result, the vibration granulation technology has not been successfully applied in the high tower compound fertilizer granulation process to create benefits for enterprises so far. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a lever-type elastic vibration device and a rotary switching granulation device to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a lever-type elastic vibration device, including a base, above which there is a U-shaped lever rocker arm. The open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm is hinged on the base to form a lever fulcrum, and a vibration source is provided at the closed end to form a lever power point; a vibration platform is elastically supported above the base, and the vibration platform is connected to the middle part of the U-shaped lever rocker arm to form a lever resistance point; when the vibration source vibrates, it drives the U-shaped lever rocker arm to vibrate around the lever fulcrum through the power point, and then drives the vibration platform to vibrate up and down elastically through the resistance point.

[0008] The vibration source is a vibration motor, a magnetostrictive vibrator, an electric pulse vibrator or an ultrasonic vibrator.

[0009] On the base, a vibration platform is elastically supported above the base by a number of uniformly distributed compression springs.

[0010] A rotary switching granulating device, comprising a base, a rotary bracket is arranged on the base, at least two granulators with the same structure and capable of moving up and down are arranged on the rotary bracket around its rotation center, and a granulator limit hole is arranged on the base vertically corresponding to one of the granulators; characterized in that:

[0011] Above the base of the granulator limit hole, a U-shaped lever rocker arm is provided. The open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm is hinged on the base to form a lever fulcrum, and a vibration source is provided at the closed end to form a lever power point; a vibration platform is elastically supported above the base, and the middle part of the vibration platform is connected to the U-shaped lever rocker arm to form a lever resistance point; a granulator positioning hole corresponding to the granulator limit hole is arranged on the vibration platform, and the lever resistance point is located on the center line of the granulator positioning hole;

[0012] When the granulator above the granulator positioning hole descends into the granulator positioning hole and the granulator limit hole to start working as a working machine, the vibration source starts to vibrate, drives the U-shaped lever rocker arm to vibrate around the lever fulcrum through the power point, and then drives the vibration platform to vibrate up and down elastically through the resistance point, and then drives the granulator to vibrate through the vibration platform.

[0013] When the granulator serving as the working machine fails, the granulator can be raised and fixed, and then another spare granulator is rotated to the directly above the granulator positioning hole through the rotary bracket, and descends into the granulator positioning hole and the granulator limit hole to take over the work, and continues to drive the granulator to vibrate through the vibration platform.

[0014] The vibration source is a vibration motor, a magnetostrictive vibrator, an electric pulse vibrator or an ultrasonic vibrator, and is fixed in the middle of the outer side of the closed end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm.

[0015] The vibration platform is elastically supported above the base by compression springs uniformly distributed around the granulator limit hole.

[0016] Positioning columns are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the granulator limit hole on the base, positioning sleeves corresponding to the positioning columns one by one are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the granulator positioning hole on the vibration platform, the compression springs are sleeved on the positioning columns, and the positioning sleeves are sleeved on the periphery of the compression springs.

[0017] Hinge ears are symmetrically arranged on the base, and the open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm is hinged on the hinge ears through a horizontal hinge shaft to form a lever fulcrum.

[0018] Hinged plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vibrating platform, and the middle part of the U-shaped lever rocker arm is connected to the hinged plate through a horizontal pin shaft to form a lever resistance point.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The lever-type elastic vibration device adopts a labor-saving lever structure, so that a vibration motor with a small power can drive the vibrating platform to generate a vibration motion. At the same time, the vibration frequency of the vibration motor can be conveniently adjusted by a frequency converter, and the amplitude can be adjusted by changing the angle of the eccentric block at the end of the vibration motor shaft. And based on the lever principle, the amplitude of the resistance point is smaller than the amplitude of the vibration motor, and this characteristic helps to improve the energy utilization efficiency while ensuring a stable vibration effect for the granulation nozzle.

[0021] 2. The lever-type elastic vibration device is integrally installed on the base of the rotating switching bracket of the granulator. When the vibration motor works, under the upward support of the pressure spring, the vibrating platform can freely float up and down, ensuring that the vibrating platform will follow the amplitude of the vibration motor and perform an up-and-down reciprocating vibration motion, providing a stable and controllable vibration for the granulation nozzle, and effectively improving the uniformity of the compound fertilizer particles and the finished product qualification rate.

[0022] 3. Since the lever-type elastic vibration device is installed on the base of the rotating bracket of the granulator, whether it is a one-open-one-standby system, a one-open-two-standby system or a one-open-three-standby rotating switching type granulation device, only one set of vibration device can complete the vibration granulation of the working machine. Not only the device cost is significantly reduced, but also the vibration effects of multiple granulation nozzles can be ensured to be stable and consistent. It overcomes the problem that it is difficult to adjust the vibration amplitudes of multiple vibration motors in a one-open-two-standby granulation device to be completely consistent, ensures the stable and consistent vibration effects of multiple granulation nozzles, and thus improves the uniformity of the compound fertilizer particles and the finished product qualification rate. At the same time, since the working granulator is suspended by the vibrating platform, and the vibrating platform is supported upward by a group of pressure springs and can freely float up and down, even if the vibration motor stops working, the vibration generated by the two driving motors of the working granulator itself can also play a certain vibration role, and this vibration also has a positive effect on the finished product qualification rate and the continuous working time, that is, even if the vibration motor is not turned on, its granulation effect is better than that of the traditional granulator.

[0023] 4. The lever-type elastic vibration device is not only applicable to the granulation process of high tower compound fertilizer, but can also be flexibly applied to the granulation processes of other chemical products. For example, the melt spray granulation process using air as the cooling medium or the melt spray granulation process using liquid as the cooling medium, and also the rotary spray granulation or the fixed spray disk vibration granulation in the tower-type chemical product spray granulation process. In short, in most melt granulation processes, a certain vibration can be applied to the granulation nozzle in this way to improve the qualified rate and quality of the product. It can be seen that the present invention has good versatility and adaptability in different chemical production scenarios, providing an innovative and efficient solution for the optimization of the granulation process in the chemical industry.

[0024] 5. Simple structure, low cost and strong practicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the lever-type elastic vibration device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the lever-type elastic vibration device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection line of the lever resistance points (3c) of the lever-type elastic vibration device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic principle diagram of the lever-type elastic vibration device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary switching type granulation device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the rotary switching type granulation device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the Figure 1-6 drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1: A lever-type elastic vibration device. Referring to the Figure 1-3 drawings, it includes a base 1. Above the base 1, there is a U-shaped lever rocker arm 3. The open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 is hinged to the base 1 to form a lever fulcrum 3a, and a vibration source 4 is provided at the closed end to form a lever power point 3b. The vibration platform 2 is elastically supported above the base 1, and the vibration platform 2 is connected to the middle of the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 to form a lever resistance point 3c. When the vibration source 4 vibrates, it drives the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 to vibrate around the lever fulcrum 3a through the power point 3b, and then drives the vibration platform 2 to vibrate up and down elastically through the resistance point 3c.

[0033] Specifically, the vibration source 4 is a vibration motor, a magnetostrictive vibrator, an electric pulse vibrator, or an ultrasonic vibrator. In this embodiment, the vibration source 4 is preferably a vibration motor.

[0034] Specifically, the vibration platform 2 is elastically supported above the base 1 by a number of uniformly distributed compression springs 10 on the base 1. In this embodiment, the number of compression springs 10 is preferably 8.

[0035] Embodiment 2: A rotary switching granulating device, refer to the attached Figure 1-6 , including a base 1, a rotary bracket 6 is provided on the base 1, and at least two granulators 7 with the same structure and capable of moving up and down are arranged on the rotary bracket 6 around its rotation center. A granulator limit hole 8 is vertically provided on the base 1 corresponding to one of the granulators 7;

[0036] Furthermore, a U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 is provided above the base 1 of the granulator limit hole 8. The open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 is hinged on the base 1 to form a lever fulcrum 3a, and a vibration source 4 is provided at the closed end to form a lever power point 3b; the vibration platform 2 is elastically supported above the base 1, and the middle part of the vibration platform 2 is connected to the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 to form a lever resistance point 3c; a granulator positioning hole 9 corresponding to the granulator limit hole 8 is provided on the vibration platform 2, and the lever resistance point 3c is located on the center line of the granulator positioning hole 9;

[0037] Specifically, hinge ears 12 are symmetrically provided on the base 1, and the open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 is hinged on the hinge ear 12 through a horizontal hinge shaft 13 to form a lever fulcrum 3a.

[0038] Specifically, hinge plates 14 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the vibration platform 2, and the middle part of the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 is connected to the hinge plate 14 through a horizontal pin shaft 16 to form a lever resistance point 3c.

[0039] When the granulator 7 above the granulator positioning hole 8 descends into the granulator positioning hole 9 and the granulator limit hole 8 to start working as a working machine, the vibration source 4 starts to vibrate, drives the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 to vibrate around the lever fulcrum 3a through the power point 3b, and then drives the vibration platform 2 to vibrate up and down elastically through the resistance point 3c, and further drives the granulator 7 to vibrate through the vibration platform 2.

[0040] When the granulator 7 serving as the working machine fails, the granulator 7 can be raised and fixed, and then another spare granulator 7 is rotated to the directly above the granulator positioning hole 9 through the rotary bracket 6 and descends into the granulator positioning hole 9 and the granulator limit hole 8 to take over the work, and continues to drive the granulator 7 to vibrate through the vibration platform 2.

[0041] Specifically, the vibration source 4 is a vibration motor, a magnetostrictive vibrator, an electric pulse vibrator, or an ultrasonic vibrator, and is fixed to the middle part of the outer side of the closed end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3. In this embodiment, the vibration source 4 is preferably a vibration motor.

[0042] Specifically, the vibration platform 2 is elastically supported above the base 1 by compression springs 10 uniformly distributed around the granulator limit holes 8. In this embodiment, the number of compression springs 10 is preferably 8. The total elastic force of the compression springs should support the weight of the entire granulator, and the material of the compression springs is stainless steel.

[0043] Furthermore, positioning posts 11 are uniformly distributed around the outer periphery of the granulator limit holes 8 on the base 1, and positioning sleeves 15 corresponding one-to-one to the positioning posts 11 are uniformly distributed around the outer periphery of the granulator positioning holes 9 on the vibration platform 2. The compression springs 10 are sleeved on the positioning posts 11, and the positioning sleeves 15 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the compression springs 10. Among them, the positioning sleeves 15 extend from the bottom surface of the vibration platform 2 to above the vibration platform 2, so that the vibration platform 2 is as close to the base 1 as possible, making the vibration more stable.

[0044] Working principle: After the granulator 7 is placed on the vibration platform 2, the compression springs 10 are in a compressed state. When the vibration motor 4 works, it drives the U-shaped lever rocker arm 3 to vibrate up and down around the two lever fulcrums 3a, and at the same time drives the vibration platform 2 to vibrate up and down, so that the granulator 7 sitting on the vibration platform 2 vibrates synchronously, and transmits this vibration to the granulation nozzle 7-1, providing stable and controllable vibration for the granulation nozzle, so that the granulation nozzle 7-1 has a vertical vibration action while rotating horizontally. This action causes the melt jet to be vertically vibrated and cut when leaving the granulation nozzle, so as to break into more uniform droplets, and finally make the cooled compound fertilizer particles uniform.

[0045] Compared with the previously disclosed vibration devices, the significant advantage of the present invention is that the axis of the granulator positioning hole 9 coincides with the main axis of the granulator 7, that is, the two resistance points 3c are concentric and their connection line is perpendicular to the axis of the granulator. Since the horizontal line at the center of the base of the granulator is the position of the center of gravity of the granulator, when the base of the granulator is placed on the vibration platform 2, the lever resistance point 3c is at the position of the center of gravity of the granulator. This design enables the granulator to only generate longitudinal vertical vibration during vibration without lateral sway. Through the resistance point of the lever rocker arm, the regularity and stability of the vibration transmission from the vibration platform to the granulation nozzle are realized. In addition, since the power arm F1 of the lever rocker arm is greater than the resistance arm F2, a labor-saving lever structure is formed, so that a vibration motor with a smaller power can be used to drive the vibration platform to vibrate. Based on the lever principle, the amplitude of the resistance point is smaller than the amplitude of the vibration motor, and this characteristic helps to improve the energy utilization efficiency while ensuring a stable vibration effect for the granulation nozzle.

[0046] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the content described in the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lever-type elastic vibration device, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), above which there is a U-shaped lever rocker arm (3). The open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3) is hinged to the base (1) to form a lever fulcrum (3a), and the closed end is provided with a vibration source (4) to form a lever power point (3b); above the base (1), a vibration platform (2) is elastically supported, and the vibration platform (2) is connected to the middle of the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3) to form a lever resistance point (3c); when the vibration source (4) vibrates, it drives the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3) to vibrate around the lever fulcrum (3a) through the power point (3b), and then drives the vibration platform (2) to vibrate elastically up and down through the resistance point (3c).

2. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein: The vibration source (4) is a vibration motor or a magnetostrictive vibrator or an electric pulse vibrator or an ultrasonic vibrator.

3. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein: On the base (1), the vibration platform (2) is elastically supported above the base (1) by a number of evenly distributed compression springs (10).

4. A rotary switching granulating device, which includes a base (1), on which a rotary bracket (6) is provided. At least two granulators (7) with the same structure and capable of moving up and down are arranged on the rotary bracket (6) around its rotation center. At a position on the base (1) vertically corresponding to one of the granulators (7), a granulator limit hole (8) is provided; characterized in that: Above the base (1) of the granulator limit hole (8), there is a U-shaped lever rocker arm (3). The open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3) is hinged to the base (1) to form a lever fulcrum (3a), and the closed end is provided with a vibration source (4) to form a lever power point (3b); above the base (1), a vibration platform (2) is elastically supported, and the vibration platform (2) is connected to the middle of the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3) to form a lever resistance point (3c); on the vibration platform (2), there is a granulator positioning hole (9) corresponding to the granulator limit hole (8), and the lever resistance point (3c) is located on the center line of the granulator positioning hole (9); When the granulator (7) above the granulator positioning hole (8) descends into the granulator positioning hole (9) and the granulator limit hole (8) to start working as a working machine, the vibration source (4) starts to vibrate, drives the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3) to vibrate around the lever fulcrum (3a) through the power point (3b), and then drives the vibration platform (2) to vibrate elastically up and down through the resistance point (3c), and then drives the granulator (7) to vibrate through the vibration platform (2). When the granulator (7) acting as a working machine fails, the granulator (7) can be raised and fixed, and then another spare granulator (7) is rotated to the directly above the granulator positioning hole (9) through the rotary bracket (6), and descends into the granulator positioning hole (9) and the granulator limit hole (8) to take over the work, and continues to drive the granulator (7) to vibrate through the vibration platform (2).

5. The granulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration source (4) is a vibration motor or a magnetostrictive vibrator or an electric pulse vibrator or an ultrasonic vibrator, and is fixed in the middle of the outer side of the closed end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3).

6. The granulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration platform (2) is elastically supported above the base (1) by compression springs (10) evenly distributed around the granulator limit hole (8).

7. The granulating device according to claim 6, wherein: The positioning posts (11) are evenly distributed around the granulator limit holes (8) on the base (1). The positioning sleeves (15) corresponding to the positioning posts (11) one by one are evenly distributed around the granulator positioning holes (9) on the vibration platform (2). The compression spring (10) is sleeved on the positioning post (11), and the positioning sleeve (15) is sleeved on the periphery of the compression spring (10).

8. The granulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Hinge ears (12) are symmetrically arranged on the base (1). The open end of the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3) is hinged on the hinge ear (12) through a horizontal hinge shaft (13) to form a lever fulcrum (3a).

9. The granulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Hinge plates (14) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vibration platform (2). The middle part of the U-shaped lever rocker arm (3) is connected to the hinge plate (14) through a horizontal pin shaft (16) to form a lever resistance point (3c).

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