Energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage charging system based on a liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission, belongs to the technical field of energy storage charging, and aims to solve the problems of low system efficiency, large size, high cost and insufficient heat dissipation performance caused by the fact that each function is generally completed by a discrete device. Comprising a liquid cooling energy storage and charging all-in-one device, a battery module and a direct current pile, and the liquid cooling energy storage and charging all-in-one device comprises a battery management system, a control panel, a DC-DC converter, a power distribution unit, a direct current charging port, a charging and discharging gun and a liquid cooling unit; according to the integrated liquid cooling energy storage and charging all-in-one device, the battery management system, the DC-DC converter, the power distribution unit and other module equipment are integrated, the cooperation mechanism among the modules is optimized, the overall energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the size and weight of the system are reduced; through a Buck-Boost topological architecture set by the DC-DC converter, charging and discharging functions are supported, and bidirectional energy flow between a power grid and a battery can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage charging, and particularly relates to an energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling technology and bidirectional power transmission. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the global active promotion of energy transformation and sustainable development, the technical field of energy storage charging systems is in a stage of rapid development. The proportion of renewable energy in the energy structure is increasing day by day. However, these renewable energies have inherent intermittency and instability problems. The energy storage charging system stores excess electric energy and releases it when power generation is insufficient to ensure the reliability and stability of energy supply. Liquid cooling is a heat dissipation method that uses liquid as a cooling medium. Compared with traditional air cooling, liquid cooling has higher thermal conductivity and lower temperature difference, and can take away heat more effectively. In high-power devices, liquid cooling is particularly important because it can solve the heat dissipation problems caused by high-density operation or large current.

[0003] In the prior art, the invention patent with the patent publication number CN10839428A discloses a charging device for DC charging of electric vehicles. The charging device described in the above patent can provide charging electric energy for the rescued vehicle according to the required cruising range after rescue, and integrates two rescue devices, namely, the power feeding rescue of the energy storage battery of the electric vehicle and the power shortage rescue of the auxiliary power battery, mainly to meet the application of DC charging of vehicles. The first DCDC converter performs power transmission to charge the vehicle to be charged; the second DCDC has two working modes: working in the constant voltage mode to supply constant voltage to the BMS of the vehicle to be charged, or working in the constant current mode to charge the on-vehicle auxiliary power supply. However, there are still the following deficiencies in actual use:

[0004] 1. The function integration degree is low and the space utilization rate is low. Traditional energy storage devices and charging devices are separated and independent, occupying a large space, and there are many inconveniences in system integration and collaborative work;

[0005] 2. The power transmission flexibility is low, and efficient bidirectional power transmission cannot be achieved, and the requirements of DC power supply and DC energy storage cannot be well met at the same time;

[0006] 3. The heat dissipation effect is low. When dealing with the heat generated by high-power operation, the heat dissipation means are limited, and it is difficult to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0007] Therefore, an energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling technology and bidirectional power transmission is needed to solve the problems in the prior art that each function usually needs to be completed by separate devices, resulting in low system efficiency, large volume, high cost, and insufficient heat dissipation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy storage and charging system based on liquid cooling technology and bidirectional power transmission to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling technology and bidirectional power transmission, including a liquid cooling energy storage charging all-in-one device, a battery module and a DC pile, wherein:

[0010] The liquid-cooled energy storage charging all-in-one device includes a battery management system, a control board, a DC-DC converter, a power distribution unit, a DC charging port, a charging and discharging gun and a liquid cooling unit. The battery management system integrates voltage, current, temperature sensors and a balancing circuit for real-time monitoring of the battery module status and is connected to the control board for communication. The control board adopts a microprocessor for receiving battery management system data and external instructions, coordinating the working modes of the DC-DC converter and the power distribution unit. The DC-DC converter adopts a Buck-Boost topology architecture for realizing voltage up and down conversion, supporting boost and buck mode switching, adapting to the voltage requirements of the battery module and the charged and discharged vehicle, and realizing the bidirectional flow of energy between the power grid and the battery. The power distribution unit includes four switches S1-S4 for controlling the circuit on and off and the current flow direction, and realizing circuit switching under different working modes. The DC charging port is connected to an external DC pile for current input. The charging and discharging gun is a connection port for connecting to an external charged and discharged vehicle to realize the transmission of electric energy. The liquid cooling unit is used to provide heat dissipation for the device, absorb heat to improve cooling efficiency, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the system under high load;

[0011] The battery module is connected to the DC-DC converter and the power distribution unit, and is used to receive and store electric energy from the DC pile and the discharging vehicle as the energy reserve of the system, and output the stored electric energy when needed to meet the power supply demand;

[0012] The DC pile is connected to the liquid-cooled energy storage charging all-in-one device through a DC charging port, and is used to charge the internal battery module.

[0013] It should be noted in the solution that the liquid-cooled energy storage and charging all-in-one device adopts a compact design, integrating the battery management system, control board, DC-DC converter, power distribution unit, DC charging port, charging and discharging gun and liquid cooling unit into a chassis. The chassis is made of high-strength metal material and is equipped with partitions inside to physically isolate different modules to prevent mutual interference and facilitate installation and maintenance.

[0014] Further, it is worth noting that the DC-DC converter adopts a bidirectional Buck-Boost topology architecture, which is applicable to the switching between boost mode and buck mode. The input of the internal DCDC module of the bidirectional DCDC architecture is suitable for wide battery voltage charging, meeting the voltage range of general models on the market, and the overall conversion efficiency is higher than 95%.

[0015] Furthermore, it should be noted that the power distribution unit includes four switches S1-S4. S1 connects the battery module to S2, S2 connects the DC-DC converter to S1, S3 connects the DC charging port to S1, and S4 connects the DC-DC converter to the charging and discharging gun.

[0016] As a preferred implementation, the charging and discharging gun adopts a single-gun design, which can be used to connect the charging gun of the vehicle to be charged and can also be used to connect the vehicle to be discharged, supporting bidirectional power transmission.

[0017] As a preferred implementation, the usage scenarios of the energy storage charging system include but are not limited to mobile energy storage vehicles with AGV / steer-by-wire chassis and mobile energy storage charging cabinets without chassis.

[0018] As a preferred implementation, assuming that the maximum, minimum, and current voltages of the battery module are Va_max, Va_min, and Va_cur respectively, and the maximum, minimum, and current voltages of the vehicle to be charged and discharged are Vb_max, Vb_min, and Vb_cur respectively, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 There are three working modes, namely, charging the passenger car, charging the battery module by the discharged vehicle, and charging the battery module by the DC charging pile.

[0019] As a preferred implementation, when a charging request of the vehicle is detected, switches S1 and S2 are closed, S3 is opened, and then the battery voltage information of the vehicle: Vb_max, Vb_min, and Vb_cur is obtained through the control board and compared with the battery module. If Va_cur < Vb_cur is satisfied, it is determined that the Buck-Boost topology architecture can work in the boost mode, and then switch S4 is closed to output power to charge the passenger car; but when Va_min > Vb_max, it is determined that the Buck-Boost topology architecture can work in the buck mode, and then switch S4 is closed to output power to charge the passenger car.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, when a discharge request of the vehicle is detected, switches S1 and S2 are closed, and S3 is opened. Then, the battery voltage information of the vehicle is obtained through the control board: Vb_max, Vb_min, Vb_cur and compared with the battery module. If Va_max is satisfied, <Vb_min,则判断Buck-Boost拓扑架构可工作在升压模式,从而闭合开关S4,输出功率对电池模组进行充电;但当Va_cur> Vb_cur, it is determined that the Buck-Boost topology can operate in the buck mode, thereby closing the switch S4 and outputting power to charge the battery module.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, when the DC charging port plug-in instruction is detected, switches S1 and S3 are closed, and switches S2 and S4 are opened. If Va_cur <Va_max,则由BMS实时调控,确保电池模组安全充电,避免过充等情况发生。

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling technology and bidirectional power transmission provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) Through the integrated liquid-cooled energy storage charging all-in-one device, the battery management system, DC-DC converter, and power distribution unit module equipment are integrated to optimize the coordination mechanism between modules, improve the overall energy utilization efficiency, and reduce the size and weight of the system.

[0024] (2) The Buck-Boost topology architecture set up through the DC-DC converter supports charging and discharging functions, which can realize the two-way flow of energy between the power grid and the battery, meeting the DC charging needs and also enabling vehicle discharge to meet energy storage and other applications.

[0025] (3) The liquid cooling unit uses liquid as a cooling medium to dissipate heat, which can absorb more heat, thereby improving cooling efficiency and heat dissipation capacity. At the same time, it can maintain a stable temperature, extend the service life of the device, and ensure that the system can operate stably for a long time under high load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A block diagram of the energy storage and charging system based on liquid cooling technology and bidirectional power transmission of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a logical schematic diagram of different working modes of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power transmission path for a passenger car charging mode of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the charging power transmission path of the battery module by the discharge vehicle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the charging transmission power path of the battery module by the DC charging pile of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission, including a liquid-cooled energy storage charging all-in-one device, a battery module, and a DC charging pile, wherein:

[0033] The liquid-cooled energy storage charging all-in-one device includes a battery management system (BMS), a control board, a DC-DC converter (DCDC), a power distribution unit (PDU), a DC charging port, a charging and discharging gun, and a liquid cooling unit. The battery management system integrates voltage, current, temperature sensors, and an equalization circuit, and is used to monitor the state of the battery module in real time and communicate with the control board. The control board uses a microprocessor and is used to receive data from the battery management system and external instructions and coordinate the working modes of the DC-DC converter and the power distribution unit. The DC-DC converter adopts a Buck-Boost topology structure and is used to realize the step-up and step-down conversion of voltage, support the switching between boost and buck modes, and adapt to the voltage requirements of the battery module and the charged and discharged vehicle. The power distribution unit includes four switches S1-S4, which are used to control the on-off of the circuit and the current flow direction to realize the circuit switching under different working modes. The DC charging port is connected to an external DC charging pile and is used for the input of current. The charging and discharging gun is a connection port for connecting to an external charged and discharged vehicle to realize the transmission of electric energy. The liquid cooling unit is used to provide heat dissipation for the device, absorb heat, improve the cooling efficiency, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the system under high load;

[0034] The battery module is connected to the DC-DC converter and the power distribution unit, and is used to receive and store electric energy from the DC charging pile and the discharge vehicle, serve as the energy reserve of the system, and output the stored electric energy when needed to meet the power supply requirements;

[0035] The DC charging pile is connected to the liquid-cooled energy storage charging all-in-one device through the DC charging port and is used to charge the internal battery module.

[0036] The liquid-cooled energy storage and charging integrated device adopts a compact design, integrating the battery management system, control board, DC-DC converter, power distribution unit, DC charging port, charging and discharging gun, and liquid cooling unit inside a chassis. The chassis is made of high-strength metal materials, with good electromagnetic shielding performance and mechanical strength. Moreover, a partition board is set inside to physically isolate different modules, prevent mutual interference, and facilitate installation and maintenance.

[0037] The DC-DC converter adopts a Buck-Boost topology architecture, which can not only convert high voltage to low voltage (step-down mode) but also convert low voltage to high voltage (step-up mode). The DCDC module inside the Buck-Boost topology architecture is suitable for wide battery voltage charging, meeting the voltage range of common vehicle models on the market, and the overall conversion efficiency is higher than 95%.

[0038] The power distribution unit includes four switches S1 - S4. S1 connects the battery module to S2, S2 connects the DC-DC converter to S1, S3 connects the DC charging port to S1, and S4 connects the DC-DC converter to the charging and discharging gun.

[0039] The charging and discharging gun adopts a single-gun design, which can be used to connect the charging gun of the vehicle to be charged and can also be used to connect the vehicle to be discharged, supporting bidirectional power transmission.

[0040] The usage scenarios of this system include but are not limited to mobile energy storage vehicles with AGV / steer-by-wire chassis, mobile energy storage charging cabinets without chassis, etc., having broad application prospects and market demands.

[0041] Assume that the maximum, minimum, and current voltages of the battery module are Va_max, Va_min, and Va_cur respectively, and the maximum, minimum, and current voltages of the vehicle to be charged and discharged are Vb_max, Vb_min, and Vb_cur respectively. As shown in the appendix Figure 2 It shows three working modes: the mode of charging a passenger car, the mode of the vehicle to be discharged charging the battery module, and the mode of the DC charging pile charging the battery module.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, when a charging request of the vehicle is detected, switches S1 and S2 are closed, S3 is opened, and then the battery voltage information of the vehicle: Vb_max, Vb_min, Vb_cur is obtained through the control board and compared with the battery module. If Va_cur < Vb_cur is satisfied, it is determined that the Buck-Boost topology can operate in the boost mode, and then switch S4 is closed to output power to charge the passenger vehicle. However, when Va_min > Vb_max, it is determined that the Buck-Boost topology can operate in the buck mode, and then switch S4 is closed to output power to charge the passenger vehicle.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, when a discharge request of the vehicle is detected, switches S1 and S2 are closed, S3 is opened, and then the battery voltage information of the vehicle: Vb_max, Vb_min, Vb_cur is obtained through the control board and compared with the battery module. If Va_max < Vb_min is satisfied, it is determined that Buck-Boost can operate in the boost mode, and then switch S4 is closed to output power to charge the battery module. However, when Va_cur > Vb_cur, it is determined that Buck-Boost can operate in the buck mode, and then switch S4 is closed to output power to charge the battery module.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, when a gun insertion instruction of the DC charging port is detected, switches S1 and S3 are closed, S2 and S4 are opened. If Va_cur < Va_max is satisfied, it is regulated in real time by the BMS to ensure the safe charging of the battery module and avoid overcharging and other situations.

[0048] In summary, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: Through the integrated liquid-cooled energy storage and charging all-in-one device, the battery management system, DC-DC converter, and power distribution unit module equipment are integrated, the cooperation mechanism between modules is optimized, the overall energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the volume and weight of the system are reduced; Through the bidirectional DCDC architecture set by the DC-DC converter, the charging and discharging functions are supported, and the bidirectional energy flow between the power grid and the battery can be realized, which not only meets the DC charging requirements but also enables vehicle discharging to meet energy storage and other applications; Through the set liquid-cooling unit, liquid is used as the cooling medium for heat dissipation, which can absorb more heat, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and heat dissipation capacity, and at the same time can maintain a stable temperature, extend the service life of the device, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the system under high load; The usage scenarios of this system include but are not limited to mobile energy storage vehicles with AGV / steer-by-wire chassis, mobile energy storage charging cabinets without chassis, etc., and have broad application prospects and market demands.

[0049] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection required by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission, characterized in that, It includes a liquid-cooled energy storage and charging integrated device, a battery module, and a DC charger, where: The liquid-cooled energy storage and charging integrated device includes a battery management system, a control board, a DC-DC converter, a power distribution unit, a DC charging port, a charging and discharging gun, and a liquid cooling unit. The battery management system integrates voltage, current, and temperature sensors and an equalization circuit, and is used to monitor the status of the battery module in real time and communicate with the control board. The control board uses a microprocessor and is used to receive data from the battery management system and external instructions and coordinate the working modes of the DC-DC converter and the power distribution unit. The DC-DC converter adopts a Buck-Boost topology architecture and is used to realize voltage step-up and step-down conversion, support the switching between boost and buck modes, adapt to the voltage requirements of the battery module and the vehicle to be charged and discharged, and realize the bidirectional energy flow between the power grid and the battery. The power distribution unit includes four switches S1-S4 and is used to control the on / off of the circuit and the current flow direction to realize the circuit switching under different working modes. The DC charging port is connected to an external DC charger and is used for the input of current. The charging and discharging gun is a connection port for connecting to an external vehicle to be charged and discharged to realize the transmission of electric energy. The liquid cooling unit is used to provide heat dissipation for the device, absorb heat, improve the cooling efficiency, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the system under high load; The battery module is connected to the DC-DC converter and the power distribution unit and is used to receive and store electric energy from the DC charger and the discharging vehicle as the energy reserve of the system, and output the stored electric energy when needed to meet the power supply requirements; The DC charger is connected to the liquid-cooled energy storage and charging integrated device through the DC charging port and is used to charge the internal battery module.

2. The energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission according to claim 1, wherein: The liquid-cooled energy storage and charging integrated device adopts a compact design, integrating the battery management system, the control board, the DC-DC converter, the power distribution unit, the DC charging port, the charging and discharging gun, and the liquid cooling unit inside a chassis. The chassis uses high-strength metal materials and is internally provided with partition boards to physically isolate different modules, prevent mutual interference, and facilitate installation and maintenance.

3. The energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The DC-DC converter adopts a Buck-Boost topology architecture, which is suitable for the switching between boost mode and buck mode. The DCDC module inside the Buck-Boost topology architecture is suitable for wide battery voltage charging, and the overall conversion efficiency is higher than 95%.

4. The energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission according to claim 3, wherein: The power distribution unit includes four switches S1-S4. S1 connects the battery module to S2, S2 connects the DC-DC converter to S1, S3 connects the DC charging port to S1, and S4 connects the DC-DC converter to the charging and discharging gun.

5. The energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that: The charging and discharging gun adopts a single-gun design and supports bidirectional power transmission.

6. The energy storage charging system based on liquid cooling heat dissipation technology and bidirectional power transmission according to claim 5, wherein: The usage scenarios of the energy storage and charging system include but are not limited to mobile energy storage vehicles with AGV / steer-by-wire chassis and mobile energy storage charging cabinets without chassis.

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