Floating type offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a floating type offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device and a construction method thereof. A floating type offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device comprises an anchor pile body component which comprises a variable-diameter center steel pipe, the variable-diameter center steel pipe is formed by fixedly connecting an equal-diameter steel pipe section located on the upper portion and a variable-diameter steel pipe section located on the lower portion, and the variable-diameter steel pipe section is of a conical structure with the thick upper portion and the thin lower portion; a spiral blade is screwed in and fixed to the position, close to the pile end, of the variable-diameter steel pipe section; the pile top connecting lifting lugs are distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction by taking the central axis of the variable-diameter central steel pipe as the center and are fixed to the pile top position of the top of the variable-diameter central steel pipe; the anchor pile wing plate component comprises a plurality of telescopic side wing plates, a plurality of telescopic electric push rods and a plurality of spring locking buckles. The method can meet the complex environment requirement of the deep and far sea, multi-fan sharing is achieved, the comprehensive bearing performance is improved, and the construction technology is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an anchor pile foundation device and a construction method thereof, and particularly to a floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of offshore wind power foundation engineering. Background Art

[0002] In the wave of the global energy structure transformation towards cleaner and lower-carbon, offshore wind power is developing at an unprecedented speed due to its significant advantages such as rich resource reserves, high power generation efficiency, and non-occupation of land space, becoming an important part of the global energy strategy. According to statistics by institutions such as the International Energy Agency, the global cumulative installed capacity of offshore wind power has achieved an annual compound growth rate of over 20% in the past decade, showing a strong development momentum. However, the development of traditional nearshore wind power resources has become increasingly saturated, and the available shallow water areas (usually referring to water depths less than 60 meters) are becoming increasingly scarce.

[0003] In order to further expand the territory of offshore wind power, the industry has turned its attention to the deeper waters of the far sea. In these deep-water environments, traditional fixed offshore wind turbine foundations (such as monopile foundations, jacket foundations, gravity foundations, etc.) face severe challenges. As the water depth increases, the structural size and steel consumption (or concrete consumption) of fixed foundations need to increase exponentially to ensure structural stability and resistance to environmental loads, resulting in a sharp rise in the project cost of the foundation part. When the water depth exceeds 60 meters, the cost of fixed foundations can reach 3 to 5 times or even higher than that in shallow water areas, which significantly reduces the economic feasibility of fixed wind turbines in the deep sea and severely restricts the large-scale development of deep-sea wind energy resources.

[0004] In this context, the floating offshore wind turbine technology has emerged and is widely regarded as the mainstream direction and inevitable trend for future deep-sea wind power development. The floating offshore wind turbine is supported by a floating platform and positioned in a designated sea area through an anchoring system, thus getting rid of the strict limitation on water depth and being able to be applicable to sea areas with water depths of more than 60 meters and even hundreds of meters, greatly expanding the development potential of offshore wind power.

[0005] However, the stability and reliability of the floating offshore wind turbine system largely depend on its anchoring system, especially the performance of the anchor pile foundation. At present, many problems have emerged in the actual engineering application of traditional anchor pile foundations for floating offshore wind turbines. The existing anchor pile designs usually configure a set of anchoring systems independently for each single floating wind turbine, and each anchoring system contains multiple anchor points. This "one-to-one" or "one-to-many (but still for a single wind turbine)" mode results in a large number of anchor piles deployed in the wind farm, not only occupying valuable seabed space, increasing material consumption and manufacturing costs, but also making the workload of offshore construction huge and the construction period correspondingly extended, causing significant resource waste.

[0006] Floating offshore wind turbines are subject to the combined action of various environmental loads such as wind, waves, and currents for a long time. These loads are dynamic, random, and multi-directionally coupled. Especially in extreme sea conditions such as typhoons and storm surges, the anchor pile foundation needs to bear huge pulling forces, horizontal shear forces, and fatigue effects caused by repeated loading. The structural form of traditional anchor piles is relatively single, often focusing on either the anti-pulling performance or the horizontal bearing performance, and it is difficult to efficiently resist the combined pulling-horizontal loads simultaneously. Measured data shows that during strong typhoons, some traditional anchor piles experience a sharp increase in lateral forces (up to 5 - 8 times that of normal operating conditions), resulting in horizontal displacements exceeding the design allowable value by 30% - 50%, leading to risks such as the failure of the mooring system, the displacement or even overturning of the wind turbine. According to industry statistics, the proportion of wind turbine failures caused by insufficient performance of the anchor pile foundation accounts for as high as 76% of the total failures of floating wind turbines, seriously affecting the reliable operation and economic benefits of offshore wind power projects.

[0007] The installation and construction process of traditional anchor pile foundations is usually rather cumbersome. For example, the installation of large suction piles requires professional suction pump systems and high-precision underwater positioning and control equipment; the layout and pre-tensioning process of drag anchors are complex, and it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the anchoring position; gravity anchors require a large amount of ballast materials and large transportation and lifting vessels. These construction methods are sensitive to sea conditions, and once bad weather is encountered, the construction progress is extremely likely to be delayed. At the same time, the pile sinking process (especially driven piles or large-diameter piles) may encounter relatively large penetration resistance, often requiring specialized and high-cost construction equipment such as heavy pile driving vessels and large crane vessels, further increasing the installation cost and extending the construction period.

[0008] In summary, the existing traditional anchor pile foundations applied to floating offshore wind turbines have problems that need to be solved urgently in terms of sharing, comprehensive bearing performance, construction efficiency, and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Based on the above background, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a shared anchor pile foundation device for floating offshore wind turbines and its construction method, which can meet the requirements of the deep-sea and complex environment, achieve sharing among multiple wind turbines, improve the comprehensive bearing performance, and simplify the construction process.

[0010] To achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] A shared anchor pile foundation device for floating offshore wind turbines, comprising:

[0012] An anchor pile body component, the anchor pile body component includes a variable-diameter central steel pipe, the variable-diameter central steel pipe is fixedly connected by an equal-diameter steel pipe section located in the upper part and a variable-diameter steel pipe section located in the lower part, and the variable-diameter steel pipe section has an upper-rough and lower-thin conical structure;

[0013] A screwed-in helical blade, which is fixed at a position near the pile tip of a variable-diameter steel pipe section located at the lower part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe.

[0014] A number of pile-top connecting lifting lugs, which are fixed at the pile-top position at the top of the variable-diameter central steel pipe at equal circumferential intervals centered on the central axis of the variable-diameter central steel pipe.

[0015] An anchor pile wing plate component, which includes a number of telescopic side wing plates, a number of telescopic electric push rods for driving the telescopic side wing plates to extend or retract, and a number of spring locking buckles for locking the telescopic side wing plates after they extend; the telescopic side wing plates are installed inside an equal-diameter steel pipe section located at the upper part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe and can extend outside the equal-diameter steel pipe section through the drive of the telescopic electric push rods.

[0016] The variable-diameter central steel pipe serves as the main supporting structure of the shared anchor pile foundation and can bear the main vertical and bending moment loads. Its lower variable-diameter design is beneficial to reducing the soil resistance during the pile driving process and facilitating the smooth sinking of the pile body. The screwed-in helical blade can efficiently cut and screw into the soil during the rotary pile driving process, forming a tight mechanical interlock with the surrounding soil, thereby providing a strong uplift bearing capacity and effectively resisting the uplift force generated by the wind turbine. The pile-top connecting lifting lugs are used to connect the anchor chains of multiple floating wind turbine foundations, realizing the sharing function of the anchor piles, concentrating the loads of multiple wind turbine systems on the anchor pile foundation, and improving the utilization efficiency of the offshore space and foundation resources. The telescopic side wing plates extend after the pile driving is completed, increasing the contact area between the anchor pile and the soil and the passive resistance of the soil, significantly improving the ability of the anchor pile foundation to resist horizontal loads, and enhancing the overall stability of the wind turbine system in a complex marine environment.

[0017] Preferably, the projection of the layout position of the pile-top connecting lifting lugs on the plane where the pile-top position at the top of the variable-diameter central steel pipe is located is located between the projections of the layout positions of two adjacent telescopic side wing plates on the plane where the pile-top position at the top of the variable-diameter central steel pipe is located, and the projection of the layout position of the telescopic side wing plates and the projection of the layout position of the pile-top connecting lifting lugs are alternately arranged at equal intervals. This staggered layout method enables the tension of the anchor chain to be transmitted more evenly to the anchor pile body and avoids interference between the anchor chain and the deployed side wing plates, ensuring the normal functioning of each component and the reasonable stress of the overall structure.

[0018] Preferably, a rubber sealing strip is provided at the edge of the retractable side wing plate. When the wing plate is unfolded, the rubber sealing strip can form a closer contact with the surrounding soil mass. On the one hand, it enhances the interfacial friction between the wing plate and the soil mass, further improving the horizontal bearing capacity. On the other hand, it can effectively prevent seawater and seabed sediments from entering the movable gap between the wing plate and the steel pipe, protecting the internal drive mechanism and reducing corrosion.

[0019] Preferably, a wear-resistant and corrosion-proof protective sleeve is provided on the pile top connection lifting lug. The wear-resistant and corrosion-proof protective sleeve can effectively isolate the direct corrosion of seawater on the lifting lug body and reduce the wear between the anchor chain connecting piece and the lifting lug, thereby prolonging the service life of the lifting lug and ensuring the long-term safety and reliability of the anchoring connection point.

[0020] Preferably, the number of the screwed-in spiral blades is 1 to 2, and the diameter of the screwed-in spiral blade is 1.2 to 1.5 times the diameter of the corresponding position of the variable-diameter central steel pipe. Such a quantity and size configuration can optimize the torque requirement during pile sinking and the disturbance range of the soil mass on the premise of ensuring sufficient uplift bearing capacity, achieving a balance between bearing performance and construction economy.

[0021] Preferably, the number of the retractable side wing plates is 3 to 4, and the length of the retractable side wing plate extending outside the equal-diameter steel pipe section is 0.3 to 0.5 times the diameter of the equal-diameter steel pipe section. Such an arrangement can provide balanced horizontal resistance from multiple directions. The extended length within this range can effectively improve the horizontal bearing capacity while avoiding the risk of difficult construction and installation due to too long wing plates or self-structural instability under extreme loads.

[0022] Preferably, the ratio of the length of the equal-diameter steel pipe section to the length of the variable-diameter steel pipe section is 1:1 to 3; the diameter of the equal-diameter steel pipe section is 1 to 3 meters; the micro-cone angle of the variable-diameter steel pipe section is 5° to 15°. Such size ratios and angle designs comprehensively consider the installation space of the upper wing plate, the overall penetration depth of the pile body, the resistance reduction effect during pile sinking, and the exertion of pile tip bearing capacity.

[0023] A construction method of a floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Prefabricate components: Prefabricate each component constituting the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device as described above, including the variable-diameter central steel pipe, the screwed-in spiral blade, the pile top connection lifting lug, the retractable side wing plate, the retractable electric push rod, and the spring locking buckle;

[0025] S2. Assembly of components: Weld the prefabricated screwed spiral blades to the variable-diameter steel pipe section of the variable-diameter central steel pipe; install the retractable side wing plates, the retractable electric push rods and the spring locking buckles to the equal-diameter steel pipe section, ensuring that the retractable side wing plates are retracted inside the equal-diameter steel pipe section in the initial state; weld the pile top connection lifting lugs to the pile top position of the variable-diameter central steel pipe to form the whole of the shared anchor pile foundation device.

[0026] S3. Transportation: Transport the integrally assembled floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device to the predetermined construction sea area.

[0027] S4. Piling operation: Use piling equipment to sink the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device into the soil at a specified depth on the seabed by means of rotation.

[0028] S5. Wing plate deployment and locking: After the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device is in place during piling, start the retractable electric push rod to drive the retractable side wing plates to extend from inside the equal-diameter steel pipe section to the external soil, and lock the extended retractable side wing plates through the spring locking buckles.

[0029] S6. Anchor chain connection: Connect the anchor chains of at least two floating wind turbine foundations to the pile top connection lifting lugs at the pile top of the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device respectively.

[0030] Preferably, in step S4, when using piling equipment, the pile body verticality and the penetration depth of the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device are monitored in real time, and the parameters of the piling equipment are adjusted according to the monitoring results.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] A floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device of the present invention realizes the sharing of one anchor pile foundation by multiple floating wind turbines, reduces the number of anchor pile foundations, improves the utilization efficiency of offshore space resources, and reduces the construction cost; the screwed spiral blades located at the lower part provide strong uplift bearing capacity, and the retractable side wing plates located at the upper part enhance the horizontal bearing capacity, enabling the anchor pile foundation to better adapt to complex marine environments and improving the stability and reliability of the wind turbines; the prefabricated components are completed on land, reducing the workload and difficulty of offshore construction. The construction methods of rotary piling and electric push rod deployed wing plates are simple in operation, high in construction efficiency, and shorten the construction period; due to the reduction in the number of anchor pile foundations, the damage to the seabed ecological environment is reduced. Description of the drawings

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of a medium-diameter steel pipe section and a telescopic side wing plate in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a variable-diameter steel pipe section in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is a top view of the layout position of the pile top connection lug and the telescopic side wing plate in the retracted state in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a top view of the layout position of the pile top connection lug and the telescopic side wing plate in the extended state in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the screwed-in spiral blade in the present invention;

[0040] In the figure: 1. Variable-diameter central steel pipe; 11. Medium-diameter steel pipe section; 12. Variable-diameter steel pipe section; 2. Screwed-in spiral blade; 3. Pile top connection lug; 4. Telescopic side wing plate; 5. Telescopic electric push rod; 6. Spring locking buckle; 7. Rubber sealing strip; 8. Wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant protective sleeve. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The following will further specifically illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention through specific embodiments and in combination with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any form of modification and / or change made to the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all parts and percentages are in weight units, and the equipment and raw materials used can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the art. The methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified. The components or equipment in the following embodiments are all standard components or components known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified, and their structures and principles can all be known by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0043] The following will make a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, for the sake of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, one or more embodiments can also be implemented by those skilled in the art without these specific details.

[0044] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device, which mainly consists of an anchor pile body component, a screwed-in spiral blade 2, a pile top connecting lifting lug 3, and an anchor pile wing plate component.

[0045] The anchor pile body component includes a variable-diameter central steel pipe 1, which serves as the main load-bearing structure of the entire anchor pile foundation. The variable-diameter central steel pipe 1 is made of high-strength steel that is resistant to marine environment corrosion. Its structure is formed by welding two sections of steel pipes, namely an equal-diameter steel pipe section 11 located in the upper part and a variable-diameter steel pipe section 12 located in the lower part. The equal-diameter steel pipe section has an equal-diameter design and is mainly used to install the retractable side wing plates 4 and their driving mechanisms, and to bear the horizontal and partial bending moment loads transmitted from the pile top connecting lifting lug 3. In this embodiment, the diameter of the upper equal-diameter steel pipe section 11 can be designed to be 1 meter to 3 meters, for example, a 2-meter diameter can be selected. The variable-diameter steel pipe section is welded to the equal-diameter steel pipe section 11 and gradually contracts downward to form a slightly tapered structure with a thicker upper part and a thinner lower part. The main purpose of this design is to use the taper to reduce the frictional resistance between the pile body and the soil during the rotary pile driving process, facilitating the smooth penetration of the pile body. The micro-cone angle is a key parameter, and in this embodiment, it can be designed to be 5 degrees to 15 degrees, for example, 10 degrees can be selected. The ratio of the length of the upper equal-diameter steel pipe section 11 to the length of the lower variable-diameter steel pipe section 12 is determined according to the total pile length and the wing plate installation position, and is usually 1:1 to 1:3. Such a length ratio not only ensures that there is enough space in the upper part to install the wing plates and provide a certain embedment depth, but also ensures that the lower tapered section can effectively play a role in reducing resistance.

[0046] The screwed-in spiral blade 2 is welded and fixed at a position near the pile end (bottom) of the variable-diameter steel pipe section 12 at the lower part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1. The number of blades is usually 1 to 2, and in this embodiment, 1 or 2 symmetrically arranged spiral blades can be selected. The diameter of the spiral blade is larger than the diameter of the steel pipe at its position, usually 1.2 times to 1.5 times the diameter of the steel pipe pile end. For example, if the diameter of the pile end steel pipe shrinks to 0.8 meters due to the taper, the diameter of the spiral blade can be designed to be 0.96 meters to 1.2 meters. The spiral blade is made of high-strength wear-resistant steel plate to withstand the friction and impact with hard soil layers or gravel layers during rotary pile driving. Its thickness is selected according to the blade diameter and soil conditions, and is usually between 10 mm and 20 mm, for example, a 15-mm thick steel plate can be selected.

[0047] The pile top connection lug 3 is welded and fixed to the pile top plane at the topmost part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1. The number of lugs is usually 3 to 4. In this embodiment, 3 lugs can be selected and are evenly distributed at equal angles along the circumference with the central axis of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1 as the center. The lugs are made of high-strength cast steel or forgings to ensure that they have sufficient strength and toughness to withstand the huge tensile force transmitted by multiple floating wind turbine foundations through the anchor chain and resist fatigue loads.

[0048] To extend the service life of the lugs and reduce maintenance, a wear-resistant and corrosion-proof protective sleeve 8 is provided on each pile top connection lug 3. The protective sleeve is usually made of a high-molecular wear-resistant material (such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or polyurethane elastomer) or a corrosion-resistant alloy and tightly wraps the part where the lug contacts the anchor chain connecting pin, effectively preventing seawater corrosion and mechanical wear.

[0049] The layout position of the lug needs to be coordinated with the position of the retractable side wing plate 4. Observed from a top-down perspective, the pile top connection lug 3 should be located in the middle position between two adjacent retractable side wing plates 4, that is, they are arranged alternately at equal intervals on the steel pipe, so that the load transfer is more uniform and the anchor chain can be prevented from colliding with or winding around the deployed wing plates under certain working conditions.

[0050] The anchor pile wing plate component is a key structure that provides the main horizontal resistance and includes a retractable side wing plate 4, a retractable electric push rod 5, and a spring locking buckle 6.

[0051] The number of retractable side wing plates 4 is usually 3 to 4, corresponding to or coordinated with the number of pile top connection lugs 3, and is installed at equal angles along the circumference in the reserved chamber inside the equal-diameter steel pipe section 11 at the upper part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1. The wing plates are made of a lightweight and high-strength alloy material (such as high-strength aluminum alloy or titanium alloy, or composite material) to reduce the overall weight and ensure sufficient strength and toughness. The shape of the wing plates can be rectangular, trapezoidal, or other optimized shapes. During the pile driving stage, the wing plates are completely retracted inside the steel pipe without increasing the pile driving resistance. After the pile is in place, the wing plates are driven to extend outside the steel pipe and enter the surrounding soil. The effective length of the wing plates after extension (starting from the outer wall of the steel pipe) can be adjusted according to the seabed geological conditions and the horizontal load requirements, usually 0.3 times to 0.5 times the diameter of the equal-diameter steel pipe section 11. For example, if the diameter of the equal-diameter steel pipe section is 2 meters, the wing plates can extend 0.6 meters to 1 meter.

[0052] To enhance the interaction between the wing plates and the soil and protect the internal mechanisms, rubber sealing strips 7 are provided at the edges of the retractable wing plates 4 (especially the edges in contact with the openings of the steel pipes and the front and side edges extending out of the soil). These sealing strips can form a tight contact with the edges of the steel pipe openings and the surrounding soil when the wing plates are deployed. On the one hand, it can increase the friction coefficient between the wing plates and the soil and enhance the horizontal bearing capacity; on the other hand, it can effectively prevent seawater, sediment, and marine organisms from entering the gap between the wing plate storage chamber and the steel pipe, protecting internal drive components such as the retractable electric push rod 5 from corrosion and blockage.

[0053] Each retractable wing plate 4 is equipped with one or more retractable electric push rods 5. The retractable electric push rod is a driving device that realizes the linear telescopic movement of the push rod through a motor-driven lead screw or rack mechanism, thereby driving the wing plate to deploy or retract. The electric push rod is selected as a special marine engineering model that is waterproof, corrosion-resistant, and can provide sufficient thrust (to overcome soil resistance and friction). The stroke of the electric push rod meets the design requirements for the wing plate to fully retract to fully deploy. The power supply and control signals are introduced from the top of the pile through a waterproof cable.

[0054] To ensure that the retractable wing plate 4 can be reliably fixed in the working position after being fully extended and prevent it from accidentally retracting or shaking under complex marine loads, each wing plate is equipped with a spring-loaded locking buckle 6 or a similar mechanical locking device. When the wing plate extends to the proper position, the spring-driven buckle will automatically engage a specific structure on the wing plate or the push rod to achieve mechanical self-locking. When it is necessary to retract the wing plate, the lock can be released through an external command or a specific tool.

[0055] During the pile driving process, the screwed-in spiral blade 2 cuts into the seabed soil by rotating. Using its spiral structure and large diameter, it forms a tight bite with the soil and provides a strong uplift bearing capacity. When the anchor pile foundation is sunk in place, the retractable wing plates 4 extend out of the soil, and the friction and resistance between the wing plates and the soil can effectively resist horizontal loads, such as the horizontal forces generated by waves, ocean currents, and strong winds, ensuring the horizontal stability of the anchor pile foundation. The anchor chains of multiple floating wind turbine foundations are connected to the pile top connection lugs 3, and the lugs transfer the tension of the wind turbine foundation to the anchor pile foundation, realizing the sharing of one anchor pile foundation by multiple wind turbines and improving the utilization efficiency of offshore space resources.

[0056] The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a construction method for a floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device, including the following steps:

[0057] S1. Prefabricate components:

[0058] At a professional prefabrication factory on land or a dock site, in accordance with the design drawings and relevant manufacturing standards, each core component that makes up the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device is prefabricated in batches. The prefabrication of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1 includes the precise cutting, rolling, welding, and anti-corrosion treatment of the equal-diameter steel pipe section 11 and the variable-diameter steel pipe section 12. The screwed-in spiral blade 2 is cut and formed from high-strength wear-resistant steel plates according to the designed shape and dimensions. The pile top connection lug 3 is manufactured from high-strength cast steel or forgings and undergoes necessary non-destructive testing. The wear-resistant and anti-corrosion protective sleeve 8 is combined with the lug body by means of molding or bonding. The retractable side wing plate 4 is formed from lightweight high-strength alloy materials by cutting, welding, or extrusion. The seawater-resistant rubber sealing strip is fixed in the reserved groove on the edge of the wing plate by vulcanization bonding or mechanical clamping. The retractable electric push rod 5 is a finished electric push rod that meets the requirements for offshore engineering use, and parameters such as thrust, stroke, and speed meet the design requirements. The spring locking buckle 6 is manufactured from corrosion-resistant stainless steel or high-strength alloy steel and undergoes precision machining and spring assembly.

[0059] S2. Assemble components:

[0060] At land or a dock, the prefabricated components are assembled. The screwed-in spiral blade 2 is precisely aligned and welded to the specified position near the pile end of the variable-diameter steel pipe section 12 of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1 according to the designed pitch and angle. During the welding process, the welding process parameters need to be strictly controlled to ensure that the weld is full and defect-free, and the weld is subjected to non-destructive testing and anti-corrosion treatment. The retractable side wing plate 4 and its supporting retractable electric push rod 5 and spring locking buckle 6 are installed in the reserved opening and internal chamber of the equal-diameter steel pipe section 11 at the upper part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1. Connect the power and control cables of the electric push rod and conduct preliminary telescopic and locking function tests to ensure that the wing plate is fully retracted inside the steel pipe in the initial state, and all moving parts operate smoothly and are locked reliably. The pile top connection lug 3 is welded to the pile top of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1 according to the requirement of equal-angle distribution. Similarly, the welding quality needs to be ensured and subsequent treatment is carried out. After the overall assembly is completed, a final inspection, function test, and watertightness test are carried out on the entire shared anchor pile foundation device.

[0061] S3. Transportation:

[0062] Use a large lifting ship or an engineering barge with sufficient lifting capacity to lift the overall assembled shared anchor pile foundation device from the land assembly site to the deck of the transport ship. During transportation, the anchor pile is properly fixed and protected, and buffer pads and lashing rigging are used to prevent collision, deformation, or component damage caused by ship swaying. Select a suitable shipping route and sailing speed according to the sea conditions to ensure safe arrival at the construction sea area of the predetermined offshore wind farm.

[0063] S4. Piling operation:

[0064] After the shared anchor pile foundation device arrives at the designated pile position, a professional pile driving vessel or an engineering vessel with the ability to rotate and sink piles is used for pile sinking operations. Using a GPS dynamic positioning system or an anchor mooring positioning system, the engineering vessel is accurately positioned at the pile point. The anchor pile is lifted off the deck by an on-board crane or special pile sinking equipment, slowly lowered to the water surface, and with the assistance of a guiding frame or an underwater robot, the tip of the anchor pile is accurately aligned with the designed pile position on the seabed and initially straightened to ensure the pile body is vertical. The power head at the top of the pile sinking equipment is started to drive the entire anchor pile foundation device to rotate around its own axis. While rotating, an appropriate axial pressure is applied. The screw-in spiral blade 2 cuts and screws into the seabed soil like a screw under the action of rotation and axial pressure. The conical design at the lower part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe 1 helps to reduce the penetration resistance. During the entire pile sinking process, key parameters such as the verticality of the pile body, the penetration depth, the rotation torque, and the penetration resistance are monitored in real time. According to the real-time monitoring data, the rotation speed, torque output, and axial pressure of the power head are adjusted in a timely manner to ensure that the pile body always remains within the allowable verticality deviation range and finally sinks to the designed elevation.

[0065] S5. Flap unfolding and locking:

[0066] When the anchor pile foundation device sinks to the designed depth and all indicators are confirmed to be qualified, the operation of the anchor pile flap components is carried out. The control junction box at the pile top is connected to the ship's control system through a pre-laid or temporarily connected waterproof control cable. The operator starts the telescopic electric push rods 5 installed on each telescopic side flap 4 one by one or synchronously through the control system. The electric push rods drive the flaps to smoothly and slowly extend from the storage chamber inside the equal-diameter steel pipe section 11 and enter the surrounding seabed soil until the designed unfolding length is reached. During the flap unfolding process, the unfolding angle, extension length, and in-place state of each flap are monitored in real time through the displacement sensor built into the electric push rod. Ensure that all flaps can be evenly and symmetrically unfolded to the predetermined position. When the flaps are fully unfolded, the spring locking buckle 6 automatically engages to firmly lock the flaps in the extended position. Through the locking signal feedback by the control system, confirm that all flaps have been reliably locked and cannot retract or shake.

[0067] S6. Anchor chain connection:

[0068] After the wing plate is unfolded and locked, the connection operation of the mooring chain of the floating wind turbine foundation can be carried out. According to the overall layout design of the wind farm, the mooring chains of the mooring systems from different planned wind turbine positions are laid to the vicinity of the shared anchor pile by auxiliary ships. The end connectors of each mooring chain are accurately docked and connected with the corresponding pile top connection lug 3 at the top of the shared anchor pile. After the preliminary connection of all mooring chains is completed, according to the design requirements of the mooring analysis, a pre-tension is applied to each mooring chain through a tensioning device, and its length and tension distribution are adjusted so that the multiple floating wind turbine foundations connected thereto can be in the stable equilibrium position required by the design and can effectively resist environmental loads.

[0069] Through the above construction method, the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device of this embodiment can be efficiently and accurately installed in the predetermined sea area, and through its unique structural design, it provides stable and reliable anchoring for multiple floating wind turbines.

[0070] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation mode of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device, characterized in that: The floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device includes: An anchor pile body component, the anchor pile body component includes a variable-diameter central steel pipe (1), the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1) is fixedly connected by an equal-diameter steel pipe section (11) located in the upper part and a variable-diameter steel pipe section (12) located in the lower part, and the variable-diameter steel pipe section (12) has a tapered structure that is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom; A screwed-in spiral blade (2), the screwed-in spiral blade (2) is fixed at a position near the pile end of the variable-diameter steel pipe section (12) located at the lower part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1); A plurality of pile top connection lugs (3), the pile top connection lugs (3) are fixed at the pile top position at the top of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1) at equal circumferential intervals centered on the central axis of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1); An anchor pile wing plate component, the anchor pile wing plate component includes a plurality of retractable side wing plates (4), a plurality of retractable electric push rods (5) for driving the retractable side wing plates (4) to extend or retract, and a plurality of spring locking buckles (6) for locking the retractable side wing plates (4) after they extend; the retractable side wing plates (4) are installed inside the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11) located in the upper part of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1), and can extend out of the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11) through the drive of the retractable electric push rods (5).

2. The floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layout position projection of the pile top connection lug (3) on the plane where the pile top position of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1) is located is located between the layout position projections of two adjacent retractable side wing plates (4) on the plane where the pile top position of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1) is located, and the layout position projections of the retractable side wing plates (4) and the layout position projections of the pile top connection lugs (3) are alternately spaced at equal intervals.

3. A floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber sealing strip (7) is provided at the edge of the retractable side wing plate (4).

4. The floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wear-resistant and corrosion-proof protective sleeve (8) is provided on the pile top connection lug (3).

5. The floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the screwed-in spiral blades (2) is 1 to 2, and the diameter of the screwed-in spiral blade (2) is 1.2 to 1.5 times the diameter of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1) at the corresponding position.

6. The floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the retractable side wing plates (4) is 3 to 4, and the length of the retractable side wing plate (4) extending out of the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11) is 0.3 to 0.5 times the diameter of the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11).

7. A floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length ratio of the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11) to the length of the variable-diameter steel pipe section (12) is 1:1 to 3; the diameter of the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11) is 1 to 3 meters; the micro-cone angle of the variable-diameter steel pipe section (12) is 5° to 15°.

8. A construction method of a floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device, characterized in that: The construction method includes the following steps: S1. Prefabricate components: Prefabricate each component constituting the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device as described in any one of claims 1-6, including the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1), the screwed-in spiral blade (2), the pile top connection lug (3), the retractable side wing plate (4), the retractable electric push rod (5) and the spring locking buckle (6); S2. Assembly of components: Weld the prefabricated screwed spiral blade (2) to the variable-diameter steel pipe section (12) of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1); install the retractable side wing plate (4), the retractable electric push rod (5) and the spring locking buckle (6) to the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11), ensuring that the retractable side wing plate (4) retracts inside the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11) in the initial state; weld the pile top connection lifting lug (3) to the pile top position of the variable-diameter central steel pipe (1) to form the whole of the shared anchor pile foundation device. S3. Transportation: Transport the assembled floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device to the predetermined construction sea area. S4. Piling operation: Use piling equipment to sink the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device into the soil at a specified depth on the seabed by rotation. S5. Wing plate deployment and locking: After the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device is in place during piling, start the retractable electric push rod (5) to drive the retractable side wing plate (4) to extend from inside the equal-diameter steel pipe section (11) to the external soil, and lock the extended retractable side wing plate (4) through the spring locking buckle (6). S6. Anchor chain connection: Connect the anchor chains of at least two floating wind turbine foundations to the pile top connection lifting lug (3) at the pile top of the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device respectively.

9. The construction method of a floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, when using piling equipment, monitor the pile body verticality and penetration depth of the floating offshore wind turbine shared anchor pile foundation device in real time, and adjust the parameters of the piling equipment according to the monitoring results.

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