Domestic ceramic with antibacterial function and manufacturing process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of domestic ceramics, and discloses a domestic ceramic with an antibacterial function and a manufacturing process thereof.The domestic ceramic comprises a ceramic body and a glaze layer, the glaze layer is formed by evenly glazing functional glaze on the surface of the ceramic body, and functional components are added into the functional glaze, so that the antibacterial performance is enhanced; the functional component is composed of glucose-coated copper-loaded expanded muscovite, in the roasting process, glucose carbonization provides a carbon source and reacts with components in the functional glaze to generate zirconium boride and silicon carbide capable of enhancing the hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of a glaze surface layer, and meanwhile, the lamellar structure of the expanded muscovite is exposed; the copper ions can be slowly released, so that the domestic ceramic prepared by the invention has high strength and excellent antibacterial property, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of daily-use ceramics, and particularly relates to a daily-use ceramic with antibacterial functionality and its manufacturing process. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic products are common daily necessities in people's daily lives. Traditional ceramic products are silicate products made from natural materials such as clay, quartz, and feldspar. They have the advantages of being non-toxic, harmless, safe, high-temperature resistant, good in acid and alkali resistance, insulating, environmentally friendly, and easy to clean, and have always been deeply loved by people. Daily-use ceramics are produced according to people's daily life needs. Common daily-use ceramics include tableware, tea sets, wine sets, ceramic washbasins, ceramic toilets, etc. With the development of social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards and self-health awareness, today's daily-use ceramics are no longer limited to practicality and aesthetics. Daily-use ceramics in public kitchens, washrooms, bathrooms and other places, due to the humid environment, provide favorable conditions for bacteria to breed and grow, and due to the large flow of people and poor air circulation, bacteria spread everywhere, affecting people's physical health. Moreover, daily-use ceramics are prone to being knocked and damaged during the washing process. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the strength and antibacterial properties of daily-use ceramics so that they have high strength and excellent antibacterial properties.

[0003] The patent with the publication number CN115677365B discloses a high-strength daily-use ceramic and its preparation method. This high-strength daily-use ceramic mainly includes zircon sand, baddeleyite, quartz, potassium feldspar, diopside, aluminum borate nanofibers, zirconium carbide fibers, lanthanum oxide fibers, alumina fibers, carboxymethyl cellulose, lignosulfonate, and water. The prepared daily-use ceramic has excellent strength and mechanical properties, mainly composed of quartz, potassium feldspar, diopside, fibers, carboxymethyl cellulose, and lignosulfonate. The mutual cooperation of each component improves the mechanical properties of the daily-use ceramic. However, in daily life, this high-strength daily-use ceramic still has defects and does not have antibacterial properties, which easily leads to the breeding and spread of bacteria and is not conducive to people's physical health. Therefore, the present invention provides a daily-use ceramic with antibacterial functionality to meet people's needs for the health of daily-use ceramics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a daily-use ceramic with antibacterial functionality and its manufacturing process, and solve the following technical problems:

[0005] (1) Solve the problem of poor antibacterial performance of daily-use ceramics;

[0006] (2) Solve the problem of poor strength of daily-use ceramics.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A daily-use ceramic with antibacterial functionality, comprising a ceramic body and a glaze layer; the glaze layer is a glaze layer formed by applying a functional glaze to the surface of the ceramic body, and the functional glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5-4.5 parts of a functional component, 20-40 parts of zirconia, 10-20 parts of wollastonite, 10-15 parts of high-aluminum bauxite, 10-15 parts of quartz powder, 10-15 parts of albite, 3-7 parts of nano boron carbide, 3-5 parts of borax, 3-5 parts of titanium dioxide, 3-5 parts of nano lanthanum oxide, 3-5 parts of zirconium silicate, and 5-10 parts of an improver.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the functional component comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step A: Grind muscovite and pass it through a 200-300 mesh standard sieve, place it in hydrogen peroxide, disperse it evenly, then heat it up to 75-85°C, keep it warm for 55-65 minutes, filter, wash, and dry it to obtain expanded muscovite;

[0011] Step B: Add the expanded muscovite to a copper nitrate solution, disperse it evenly, then heat it up to 50-60°C, adjust the pH to 6-8, stir for 3-5 hours, centrifuge, wash, and dry it to obtain copper-loaded expanded muscovite;

[0012] Step C: Add the copper-loaded expanded muscovite to a glucose solution, ultrasonically disperse it for 20-30 minutes, add a glutaraldehyde crosslinking agent, heat it up to 80-90°C, keep it warm and stir for 3-5 hours, centrifuge, wash, and dry it to obtain the functional component.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, after the muscovite is expanded by hydrogen peroxide, the interlayer spacing of the muscovite flakes increases, the surface area increases, providing more adsorption sites. At the same time, the ion exchange capacity of the muscovite flakes increases, making it easier for copper ions to enter between the muscovite flakes and be adsorbed and fixed. Under the action of the glutaraldehyde crosslinking agent, glucose can crosslink with the muscovite to form a coating structure, thus obtaining the functional component.

[0014] Furthermore, in step A, the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 25-35%.

[0015] Furthermore, in step C, the concentration of the glucose solution is 0.4 mol / L - 0.6 mol / L.

[0016] Furthermore, the manufacturing process of the functional glaze comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Weigh zirconolite, wollastonite, bauxite, quartz powder, albite, nano boron carbide, borax, titanium dioxide, nano lanthanum oxide, and zirconium silicate by weight parts, crush them and pass through a 15-30 standard sieve, add them into an atmosphere furnace with the volume of oxygen gas accounting for 30-35%, heat up to 1100-1200 °C, sinter for 2-4 h, then discharge and cool for extraction to obtain a mixed material;

[0018] Step 2: According to the mass ratio of the mixed material, balls, and water being 1:2.1-2.4:0.52-0.56, wet ball mill the mixed material for 8-10 h, and add water to adjust the specific gravity to 1.6-1.8 g / cm 3 to obtain a base glaze;

[0019] Step 3: Mix the base glaze and the functional components evenly at a ratio of 1:0.16-0.18, place them in a grinder for grinding until the residue on a ten-thousand-hole sieve is not higher than 0.06% to obtain a mixed glaze;

[0020] Step 4: Add an improver to the mixed glaze, mix evenly, then heat up to 30-40 °C, keep warm and age for 15-20 days, and adjust the specific gravity to 1.4-1.5 g / cm 3 for vacuum defoaming treatment to obtain a functional glaze.

[0021] Furthermore, in Step 4, the improver is one or more of sodium humate, sodium lignosulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

[0022] Furthermore, the manufacturing process of the ceramic blank is as follows:

[0023] Mix 40-60 parts of clay, 10-15 parts of albite, 10-15 parts of albite, 10-15 parts of diaspore, 10-15 parts of quartz sand, 5-8 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of sodium silicate, and 4-8 parts of sintering aid evenly, then add them into a ball mill for grinding, pass through a 200-250 mesh standard sieve, use the dry pressing forming method to make a blank, the dry pressing forming pressure is 25-35 MPa, then hot press sinter the blank and quickly anneal and cool naturally to room temperature to obtain a ceramic blank.

[0024] Furthermore, the sintering aid is carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium stearate; the hot press sintering conditions are in an inert atmosphere, the heating rate is 2-5 °C / min, heat up to 700-900 °C, keep warm for 1-3 h, then the heating rate is 10-12 °C / min, heat up to 1400-1500 °C for sintering, the sintering pressure is 15-25 MPa, and sinter for 1-2 h.

[0025] A manufacturing process of a daily-use ceramic with antibacterial functionality includes the following steps:

[0026] (1) Uniformly apply a functional glaze on the surface of a ceramic blank to form a glaze layer. After air-drying, a glazed daily-use ceramic blank is obtained.

[0027] (2) Bake the glazed daily-use ceramic blank in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature set to 1250 - 1300 °C for 4 - 6 h to obtain an antibacterial functional daily-use ceramic.

[0028] Further, in (1), the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.4 - 0.6 mm.

[0029] Advantages of the present invention:

[0030] In the present invention, the copper ions are adsorbed and fixed in the interlayer structure of expanded muscovite. Under the action of glutaraldehyde cross-linking agent, glucose cross-links with muscovite to form a structure of glucose-coated muscovite, preparing a functional component, avoiding the problem of copper ion loss caused by the destruction of the interlayer structure of expanded muscovite during the grinding process. At the same time, the interlayer structure of muscovite can protect the copper ions from precipitating from the glaze layer at high temperature, resulting in the loss of copper ion flow rate and the reduction of antibacterial performance. During the baking process, the glucose coated on the surface of muscovite will be carbonized, becoming a carbon source to react with zirconia, nano boron carbide, and quartz powder in the glaze layer to generate a dense silicon carbide-zirconium boride composite material, greatly improving the fracture toughness. Zirconium boride with high strength and hardness has a two-dimensional network structure, enhancing the hardness and high flexural strength of the glaze layer, so that the hardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the prepared glaze layer are improved. After the glucose is carbonized, the interlayer structure of muscovite is exposed, allowing the antibacterial copper ions adsorbed and fixed therein to be slowly released, making the prepared glaze layer have high strength and excellent antibacterial properties, thereby improving the strength and antibacterial performance of daily-use ceramics.

[0031] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present invention to achieve all the above advantages simultaneously. Description of the Drawings

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0033] Figure 1 It is the scanning electron microscope images of muscovite and the functional component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, where A is the scanning electron microscope image of muscovite and B is the scanning electron microscope image of the functional component. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] I. Preparation of functional components

[0037] Step A: Place 3.5 g of muscovite with a mesh size of 250 in 120 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide. After uniform dispersion, heat it to 80 °C, keep it warm for 60 min, filter, wash, and dry to obtain expanded muscovite.

[0038] Step B: Add 3.5 g of expanded muscovite to 90 mL of a 0.05 mol / L copper nitrate solution. After uniform dispersion, heat it to 55 °C, adjust the pH to 7, stir for 4 h, perform centrifugal separation, wash, and dry to obtain copper-loaded expanded muscovite.

[0039] Step C: Add 3 g of copper-loaded expanded muscovite to 80 mL of a 0.5 mol / L glucose solution, perform ultrasonic dispersion for 25 min, add 0.4 g of glutaraldehyde cross-linking agent, heat it to 85 °C, keep it warm and stir for 4 h, perform centrifugal separation, wash, and dry to obtain the functional component.

[0040] Scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed on muscovite and the functional component, and the test results are as Figure 1 , where A is the scanning electron micrograph of muscovite and B is the scanning electron micrograph of the functional component. As Figure 1 can be seen, the surface of muscovite is relatively smooth, while the surface of the functional component has a rough coating layer and a coating structure, which is formed by the cross-linking and coating of glucose with muscovite under the action of glutaraldehyde cross-linking agent.

[0041] II. Preparation of functional glaze

[0042] Step 1: Weigh 20 g of zirconia, 10 g of wollastonite, 12 g of bauxite, 11 g of quartz powder, 10 g of albite, 3 g of nano boron carbide, 4 g of borax, 3 g of titanium dioxide, 4 g of nano lanthanum oxide, and 3 g of zirconium silicate. Crush and pass through a 30-standard sieve, add it to an atmosphere furnace with 30% oxygen gas volume, heat it to 1100 °C, sinter for 2 h, and then discharge and cool to obtain a mixed material.

[0043] Step 2: According to the mass ratio of the mixed material, balls, and water of 1:2.1:0.52, wet ball mill the mixed material for 8 h, and add water to adjust the specific gravity to 1.6 g / cm 3 to obtain the base glaze.

[0044] Step 3: Mix 2.5 g of the functional component with the base glaze in a ratio of 1:0.16 and mix evenly. Place it in a grinder and grind until the residue on a 10,000-hole sieve is no higher than 0.06% to obtain the mixed glaze.

[0045] Step 4: Add sodium humate with an addition amount of 0.2% of the solid material in the mixed glaze and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with an addition amount of 0.1% of the solid material in the mixed glaze to the mixed glaze. After mixing evenly, heat it to 30 °C, keep it warm and aged for 15 days, and then adjust the specific gravity to 1.4 g / cm 3 , and perform vacuum defoaming treatment to obtain the functional glaze.

[0046] III. Fabrication of the ceramic body

[0047] Mix 50 g of clay, 15 g of albite, 12 g of albite, 14 g of diaspore, 16 g of quartz sand, 6 g of calcite, 7 g of sodium silicate, 3 g of carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2 g of sodium stearate evenly, then add them to a ball mill for grinding. Pass through a 200-mesh standard sieve and use the dry pressing method to form a green body. The dry pressing pressure is 30 MPa. Then place the green body in an inert atmosphere, heat it at a heating rate of 3 °C / min to 800 °C, keep it warm for 2 h, and then heat it at a heating rate of 10 °C / min to 1450 °C for sintering. The sintering pressure is 20 MPa. After sintering for 1.5 h, quickly anneal and cool it naturally to room temperature to obtain the ceramic body.

[0048] IV. Fabrication of the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics

[0049] (1) Immerse the ceramic body in the functional glaze by the dipping method to form a uniform glaze layer with a thickness of 0.4 mm. After air drying, obtain the glazed daily-use ceramic body.

[0050] (2) Bake the glazed daily-use ceramic body in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 1250 °C for 4 h to obtain the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] I. The preparation method of the functional component is the same as that in Example 1.

[0053] II. Fabrication of the functional glaze

[0054] Step 1: Weigh 30 g of zirconia, 15 g of wollastonite, 14 g of bauxite, 13 g of quartz powder, 12 g of albite, 5 g of nano boron carbide, 3 g of borax, 4 g of titanium dioxide, 3 g of nano lanthanum oxide, and 4 g of zirconium silicate. Crush and pass through a 20-mesh sieve, add it to an atmosphere furnace with an oxygen gas volume fraction of 32%, heat it to 1150 °C, sinter for 3 h, and then discharge and cool it by extraction to obtain the mixture.

[0055] Step 2: According to the mass ratio of the mixture, balls, and water of 1:2.2:0.54, wet ball-mill the mixture for 9 hours, and add water to adjust the specific gravity to 1.7 g / cm 3 , and obtain the base glaze;

[0056] Step 3: Mix the base glaze and 3 g of the functional component evenly at a ratio of 1:0.17, place it in a grinder and grind until the residue on a 10,000-hole sieve is not higher than 0.06%, and obtain the mixed glaze;

[0057] Step 4: Add sodium humate with an addition amount of 0.22% of the solid material in the mixed glaze and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with an addition amount of 0.13% of the solid material in the mixed glaze to the mixed glaze. After mixing evenly, heat up to 35°C, keep warm and age for 17 days, and then adjust the specific gravity to 1.45 g / cm 3 , and perform vacuum defoaming treatment to obtain the functional glaze.

[0058] III. The manufacturing method of the ceramic blank is the same as that in Example 1.

[0059] IV. Manufacturing of antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics

[0060] (1) Immerse the ceramic blank in the functional glaze by the dipping method to form a uniform glaze layer with a thickness of 0.5 mm. After air drying, obtain the glazed daily-use ceramic blank;

[0061] (2) Bake the glazed daily-use ceramic blank in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 1275°C for 5 hours to obtain the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] I. The manufacturing method of the functional component is the same as that in Example 1.

[0064] II. Manufacturing of the functional glaze

[0065] Step 1: Weigh 40 g of zirconia, 20 g of wollastonite, 15 g of bauxite, 14 g of quartz powder, 15 g of albite, 7 g of nano boron carbide, 5 g of borax, 4 g of titanium dioxide, 5 g of nano lanthanum oxide, and 4 g of zirconium silicate. Crush and pass through a 25-standard sieve, add it to an atmosphere furnace with 35% oxygen gas volume, heat up to 1200°C, sinter for 4 hours, and then discharge and cool extract to obtain the mixture;

[0066] Step 2: According to the mass ratio of the mixture, balls, and water of 1:2.4:0.56, wet ball-mill the mixture for 10 hours, and add water to adjust the specific gravity to 1.8 g / cm 3 , and obtain the base glaze;

[0067] Step 3: Mix the base glaze with 3.5 g of functional components at a ratio of 1:0.18 and mix evenly. Place it in a grinder and grind until the residue on a 10,000-hole sieve is not higher than 0.06% to obtain the mixed glaze;

[0068] Step 4: Add sodium humate with an addition amount of 0.25% of the solid material in the mixed glaze and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with an addition amount of 0.15% of the solid material in the mixed glaze to the mixed glaze. After mixing evenly, heat it to 40 °C, keep it warm and aged for 20 days, and then adjust the specific gravity to 1.5 g / cm 3 , and perform vacuum defoaming treatment to obtain the functional glaze. Add the improver to the mixed glaze. After mixing evenly, heat it to 40 °C, keep it warm and aged for 20 days, and then adjust the specific gravity to 1.5 g / cm 3 , and perform vacuum defoaming treatment to obtain the functional glaze.

[0069] III. The manufacturing method of the ceramic blank is the same as that of Example 1.

[0070] IV. Manufacturing of antibacterial functional household ceramics

[0071] (1) Immerse the ceramic blank in the functional glaze by the dipping method to form a uniform glaze layer with a thickness of 0.6 mm. After air drying, obtain the glazed household ceramic blank;

[0072] (2) Bake the glazed household ceramic blank in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 1300 °C for 6 h to obtain the antibacterial functional household ceramics.

[0073] Comparative Example 1

[0074] I. Manufacturing of functional glaze

[0075] Step 1: Weigh 30 g of zirconia, 15 g of wollastonite, 14 g of bauxite, 13 g of quartz powder, 12 g of albite, 5 g of nano boron carbide, 3 g of borax, 4 g of titanium dioxide, 3 g of nano lanthanum oxide, and 4 g of zirconium silicate. Crush and pass through a 20-standard sieve, add it to a furnace with an atmosphere where the volume of oxygen gas accounts for 32%, heat it to 1150 °C, sinter for 3 h, and then discharge and cool extract to obtain the mixture;

[0076] Step 2: According to the mass ratio of the mixture, balls, and water of 1:2.2:0.54, wet ball mill the mixture for 9 h and add water to adjust the specific gravity to 1.7 g / cm 3 , to obtain the base glaze;

[0077] Step 3: Mix 0.35% of nano copper based on the solid mass in the base glaze with the base glaze at a ratio of 1:0.17 and mix evenly. Place it in a grinder and grind until the residue on a 10,000-hole sieve is not higher than 0.06% to obtain the mixed glaze;

[0078] Step 4: Add sodium humate with an addition amount of 0.22% of the solid materials in the mixed glaze and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with an addition amount of 0.13% of the solid materials in the mixed glaze to the mixed glaze. After mixing evenly, heat up to 35°C, keep warm and age for 17 days, and then adjust the specific gravity to 1.45 g / cm 3 , and perform vacuum degassing treatment to obtain the functional glaze.

[0079] II. The manufacturing method of the ceramic blank is the same as that in Example 1.

[0080] III. Manufacturing of antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics

[0081] (1) Immerse the ceramic blank into the functional glaze by the dip glazing method to form a uniform glaze layer with a thickness of 0.5 mm. After air drying, obtain the glazed daily-use ceramic blank;

[0082] (2) Bake the glazed daily-use ceramic blank in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 1275°C for 5 h to obtain the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] I. Preparation of functional components

[0085] Step A: Place 3.5 g of muscovite with a mesh size of 250 in 120 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution. After dispersing evenly, heat up to 80°C, keep warm for 60 min, filter, wash, and dry to obtain expanded muscovite;

[0086] Step B: Add 3.5 g of expanded muscovite to 90 mL of 0.05 mol / L copper nitrate solution. After dispersing evenly, heat up to 55°C, adjust the pH to 7, stir for 4 h, perform centrifugal separation, wash, and dry to obtain copper-loaded expanded muscovite.

[0087] II. Manufacturing of functional glaze

[0088] Step 1: Weigh 30 g of zirconia, 15 g of wollastonite, 14 g of bauxite, 13 g of quartz powder, 12 g of albite, 5 g of nano boron carbide, 3 g of borax, 4 g of titanium dioxide, 3 g of nano lanthanum oxide, and 4 g of zirconium silicate. Crush and pass through a 20-standard sieve, add to an atmosphere furnace with 32% oxygen gas volume, heat up to 1150°C, sinter for 3 h, and then discharge and cool to obtain a mixture;

[0089] Step 2: According to the mass ratio of the mixture, balls, and water of 1:2.2:0.54, wet ball mill the mixture for 9 h, and add water to adjust the specific gravity to 1.7 g / cm 3 , to obtain the base glaze;

[0090] Step 3: Mix the base glaze and 3 g of copper-loaded expanded muscovite evenly at a ratio of 1:0.17, and place them in a grinding machine for grinding until the residue on a 10,000-hole sieve is not higher than 0.06% to obtain the mixed glaze;

[0091] Step 4: Add sodium humate with an addition amount of 0.22% of the solid material in the mixed glaze and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with an addition amount of 0.13% of the solid material in the mixed glaze to the mixed glaze. After mixing evenly, heat it to 35°C, keep it warm and aged for 17 days, and then adjust the specific gravity to 1.45 g / cm 3 , and perform vacuum defoaming treatment to obtain the functional glaze.

[0092] III. The manufacturing method of the ceramic blank is the same as that in Example 1.

[0093] IV. Manufacturing of antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics

[0094] (1) Immerse the ceramic blank in the functional glaze by the dipping method to form a uniform glaze layer with a thickness of 0.5 mm. After air drying, obtain the glazed daily-use ceramic blank;

[0095] (2) Bake the glazed daily-use ceramic blank in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 1275°C for 5 h to obtain the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics.

[0096] Performance testing

[0097] Performance testing of the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics prepared in Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2 of the present invention:

[0098] According to the method of JC / T 897-2014, test the antibacterial performance of the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics; use a micro-Vickers hardness tester to measure the Vickers hardness of the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics prepared in the examples and comparative examples, with a load of 10 N and a loading time of 5 s, measure 5 times, and take the average value of the 5 hardness values; use a PT-1036PC type universal material testing machine to test the flexural strength of the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramics prepared in the examples and comparative examples, with the test specimen size of 4 mm×3 mm×20 mm, a span of 16 mm, and a indenter loading speed of 0.5 mm / min, measure 5 times, and take the average value of the 5 flexural strengths; make the fracture toughness specimen size as 4 mm×6 mm×30 mm, a span of 24 mm, and a notch height of 2.5 mm, and conduct the test on a displacement-controlled rate pressure tester to test its fracture toughness. The test results are shown in the following table:

[0099]

[0100] As can be seen from the above table, the antibacterial functional household ceramics produced in Examples 1-3 exhibit high hardness, high flexural strength, high fracture toughness and excellent antibacterial properties. In Comparative Example 1, directly added nano-copper was used as the antibacterial agent, which precipitated from the glaze layer during the roasting process due to high temperature, resulting in a significant decrease in antibacterial properties. Moreover, glucose could not be used as a carbon source to generate a dense silicon carbide-zirconium boride composite material to improve the hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness of the antibacterial functional household ceramics. In Comparative Example 2, copper-loaded expanded muscovite was added. During the grinding process, the lamellar structure of a part of muscovite was damaged, resulting in the loss of copper ions and a decrease in antibacterial properties. However, the muscovite lamella protected the copper ions from precipitating at high temperature and retained a certain antibacterial property. At the same time, muscovite could also enhance the mechanical properties of the glaze layer to a certain extent.

[0101] The above content is only an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods for substitution, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by this claim book, they should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A daily-use ceramic with antibacterial functionality, characterized in that, It includes a ceramic body and a glaze layer; the glaze layer is formed by evenly applying a functional glaze on the surface of the ceramic body, and the functional glaze includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 - 4.5 parts of a functional component, 20 - 40 parts of zirconia, 10 - 20 parts of wollastonite, 10 - 15 parts of high-aluminum bauxite, 10 - 15 parts of quartz powder, 10 - 15 parts of albite, 3 - 7 parts of nano boron carbide, 3 - 5 parts of borax, 3 - 5 parts of titanium dioxide, 3 - 5 parts of nano lanthanum oxide, 3 - 5 parts of zirconium silicate, and 5 - 10 parts of an improver.

2. The antibacterial functional household ceramics according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the functional component includes the following steps: Step A: Grind muscovite and pass it through a 200 - 300 mesh standard sieve, place it in hydrogen peroxide, disperse it evenly, then heat it to 75 - 85 °C, keep it warm for 55 - 65 min, filter, wash, and dry to obtain expanded muscovite; Step B: Add the expanded muscovite to a copper nitrate solution, disperse it evenly, then heat it to 50 - 60 °C, adjust the pH to 6 - 8, stir for 3 - 5 h, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain copper-loaded expanded muscovite; Step C: Add the copper-loaded expanded muscovite to a glucose solution, ultrasonically disperse it for 20 - 30 min, add a glutaraldehyde cross-linking agent, heat it to 80 - 90 °C, keep it warm and stir for 3 - 5 h, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain the functional component.

3. The antibacterial functional household ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that, In Step A, the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 25 - 35%.

4. The antibacterial functional household ceramics according to claim 2, wherein, In Step C, the concentration of the glucose solution is 0.4 mol / L - 0.6 mol / L.

5. The daily-use ceramics with antibacterial functionality according to claim 1 are characterized in that, The manufacturing process of the functional glaze includes the following steps: Step 1: Weigh zirconia, wollastonite, high-aluminum bauxite, quartz powder, albite, nano boron carbide, borax, titanium dioxide, nano lanthanum oxide, and zirconium silicate in parts by weight, crush them and pass through a 15 - 30 standard sieve, add them to an atmosphere furnace with an oxygen gas volume accounting for 30 - 35%, heat it to 1100 - 1200 °C, sinter for 2 - 4 h, then discharge and cool by extraction to obtain a mixed material; Step 2: According to the mass ratio of the mixture, balls, and water being 1:2.1 - 2.4:0.52 - 0.56, wet ball mill the mixture for 8 - 10 h, and add water to adjust the specific gravity to 1.6 - 1.8 g / cm 3 , to obtain the base glaze; Step 3: Mix the base glaze and the functional component evenly in a ratio of 1:0.16 - 0.18, place it in a grinding machine and grind until the residue on a ten-thousand-hole sieve is not higher than 0.06% to obtain a mixed glaze; Step 4: Add the improver to the mixed glaze. After mixing evenly, heat it up to 30-40°C, keep it warm and aged for 15-20 days, and then adjust the specific gravity to 1.4-1.5 g / cm 3 , and perform vacuum defoaming treatment to obtain the functional glaze.

6. The antibacterial functional household ceramics according to claim 5, characterized in that, In Step 4, the improver is one or more of sodium humate, sodium lignosulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

7. The daily-use ceramics with antibacterial functionality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manufacturing process of the ceramic body is as follows: Mix 40 - 60 parts of clay, 10 - 15 parts of albite, 10 - 15 parts of diaspore, 10 - 15 parts of quartz sand, 5 - 8 parts of calcite, 5 - 8 parts of sodium silicate, and 4 - 8 parts of a sintering aid evenly, then add them to a ball mill for grinding, pass through a 200 - 250 mesh standard sieve, use a dry pressing forming method to form a blank, the dry pressing forming pressure is 25 - 35 MPa, then heat-press and sinter the blank, and quickly anneal and naturally cool to room temperature to obtain the ceramic body.

8. The antibacterial functional household ceramics according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sintering aids are carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium stearate; the hot pressing sintering conditions are as follows: under an inert atmosphere, the heating rate is 2 - 5 °C / min, heated to 700 - 900 °C, held for 1 - 3 h, then the heating rate is 10 - 12 °C / min, heated to 1400 - 1500 °C for sintering, the sintering pressure is 15 - 25 MPa, and sintered for 1 - 2 h.

9. The manufacturing process of a daily-use ceramic with antibacterial functionality as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Uniformly apply the functional glaze on the surface of the ceramic green body to form a glaze layer, and after drying, obtain the glazed daily-use ceramic green body; (2) Bake the glazed daily-use ceramic green body in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 1250 - 1300 °C for 4 - 6 h to obtain the antibacterial functional daily-use ceramic.

10. The manufacturing process of a daily-use ceramic with antibacterial functionality according to claim 9, characterized in that, (1), the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.4 - 0.6 mm.

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