Composite billiard cue capable of simulating hardness and elasticity of wood and preparation method of composite billiard cue

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite billiard cue capable of simulating hardness and elasticity of wood and a preparation method of the composite billiard cue, and belongs to the technical field of sports equipment. Raw materials for preparing the composite billiard cue comprise glass fibers, resin, carbon fibers, a lubricant, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and pigments, the raw materials are processed into bars through injection molding, and then the bars are assembled and formed through cutting, polishing and punching. By optimizing the composition and content of the composite billiard cue, the composite billiard cue has hardness and elasticity similar to those of a wooden billiard cue, the use hand feeling similar to that of the wooden billiard cue can be achieved, and the preparation method is simple in process and suitable for batch production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of sports equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the wide popularity of billiards as an indoor sport internationally, people's requirements for the material of billiard cues are getting higher and higher. Traditional wooden billiard cues have the properties of natural materials, and each cue made of wood has different elasticity and hardness, making it impossible to achieve the standardization and digitalization of billiard cues.

[0003] In recent years, some emerging composite materials have also appeared on the market to replace wooden billiard cues. For example, the billiard cue prepared by the composite material in Patent CN116200032A (publication date: 2023-06-02) has better hardness, toughness, and wear resistance than wooden billiard cues. However, the hardness and elasticity of this composite material billiard cue are quite different from those of wooden billiard cues, and it cannot achieve the natural feel when using wood. When hitting the ball, it cannot achieve the force transmission effect of wood, with insufficient feedback, different vibration frequencies, inaccurate hitting resulting in the ball deviating, affecting the actual use. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new material to simulate the hardness and elasticity of wood, simulate the actual use feel of wood, replace wooden billiard cues, and realize the digitalization of the hardness and elasticity data of the new material billiard cue products to achieve standardized production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problem that the hardness and elasticity of the current composite material billiard cue are quite different from those of the wooden billiard cue, the present invention provides a composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood and a preparation method thereof. By optimizing the composition and content of the composite material, the composite material billiard cue has similar hardness and elasticity to the wooden billiard cue and can achieve an approximate use feel to that of the wooden billiard cue.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood, based on the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue being 100%, the composition components included in the raw materials and the mass fraction of each component are as follows:

[0007] Glass fiber 2 - 10%, resin 40 - 65%, carbon fiber 30 - 55%, lubricant 0.1 - 0.3%, antioxidant 0.05 - 0.25%, light stabilizer 0.1 - 0.25%, and the balance is pigment;

[0008] The length of the glass fiber is greater than the length of the carbon fiber;

[0009] The resin is polyhexamethylene dodecanediamide (PA612) and polycaprolactam (PA6), and the mass ratio of PA612 to PA6 is 50:1 to 65:1;

[0010] The lubricant is N,N'-ethylenebisstearamide (EBS wax) or / and zinc stearate;

[0011] The antioxidant is antioxidant AP-618 (pentaerythritol diphosphite distearate);

[0012] The light stabilizer is light stabilizer SEED (N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide).

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of glass fiber to carbon fiber is 1:7 to 1:20.

[0014] Furthermore, the length of the glass fiber is 12 - 15 mm, and the length of the carbon fiber is 2 - 4 mm. More preferably, the diameter of the glass fiber is 45 - 60 μm, and the diameter of the carbon fiber is 70 - 90 μm.

[0015] Furthermore, the lubricant is composed of N,N'-ethylenebisstearamide (EBS wax) and zinc stearate in a mass ratio of 0.5:1 to 1.5:1.

[0016] Furthermore, in the raw materials for preparing the composite billiard cue, the glass fiber accounts for 2 - 5%, the resin accounts for 40 - 60%, and the carbon fiber accounts for 37 - 52%, and the mass ratio of PA612 to PA6 in the resin is 55:1 to 60:1.

[0017] Furthermore, the raw material composition for preparing the composite billiard cue further includes a toughening agent, the toughening agent is ethylene-acrylic acid-acrylate ionomer (Surlyn resin), and the added mass of the toughening agent is 1 - 2% of the sum of the masses of the remaining raw material components of the composite billiard cue.

[0018] A method for preparing a composite billiard cue simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0019] After mixing all the components of the raw materials for preparing the composite billiard cue, injection molding is carried out at 220 - 280 °C to form a rod, and then it is formed into a composite billiard cue simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood through cutting, grinding, and hole punching and assembly.

[0020] The composite billiard cue simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood is of an integral or split structure.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The composite material billiard cue of the present invention is based on a resin material, and carbon fiber, glass fiber and a variety of additives are added to adjust its internal structure, toughness structure and strength structure. In particular, by controlling the addition amounts of the resin, glass fiber and carbon fiber, the hardness and elasticity of the cue can be adjusted, so as to achieve the effects similar to those of a wooden billiard cue in terms of hardness, elasticity and use feel. In addition, according to the determined raw material ratio, it is possible to realize the digital and standardized production of a composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood.

[0023] (2) For the composite material billiard cue of the present invention, two resins, PA612 and PA6, are mixed in a specific ratio, which can optimize the tensile strength, flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity inside the product, make the internal structure of the resin stable, and increase the toughness of the produced billiard cue.

[0024] (3) For the composite material billiard cue of the present invention, glass fiber and carbon fiber are used in combination, which can further increase the tensile strength and flexural strength inside the product. Combined with the resin described in the present invention, the produced billiard cue has reduced vibration, increased toughness and similar adjustable elasticity.

[0025] (4) Due to the natural properties of wooden cues, the fibers inside the wood have strong continuity, and the vibration frequency and feedback have a specific range during use. In the present invention, the relatively long glass fibers can provide structural support for continuous fiber continuous strength, and the relatively short carbon fibers can enhance the local strength. Therefore, by using the relatively long glass fibers and the relatively short carbon fibers in combination in the present invention, the effect of completely simulating the performance of a wooden billiard cue can be achieved.

[0026] (5) In the composite material billiard cue of the present invention, adding a lubricant can make the appearance of the billiard cue smooth and compliant; adding a pigment can further color the billiard cue and improve the appearance quality; adding an antioxidant can enhance the long-term thermal stability of the product during the product processing; adding a light stabilizer can prevent the surface speed migration of the resin from being too fast and the migration amount from being too large during the heating and mixing process, and solve problems such as poor compatibility.

[0027] (6) The preparation method of the composite material billiard cue of the present invention has a simple process and is suitable for batch production; moreover, the materials of the composite material billiard cue prepared by using the method are uniform and stable, have a wide range of applications, and can be processed into an integrated or split billiard cue. Specific Embodiments

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Among them, the methods are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the raw materials can all be obtained from public commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0029] In the following comparative examples and examples, the performance test method is as follows:

[0030] (1) Hardness: The sample was polished using a metallographic polishing machine until there were no obvious scratches under a 200x optical microscope; then the hardness of the sample was tested using a Vickers hardness tester.

[0031] (2) Maximum force and deformation at the maximum force point test: The sample was tested using a universal material testing machine, and the deformation value at the maximum force point was observed under the action of a maximum force of 50 kgf.

[0032] (3) Tensile test: The samples were processed into strips with a uniform size of 5×5×7 cm, and the tensile strength of the samples was tested using a universal material testing machine.

[0033] (4) Impact test: The samples were processed into strips with a uniform size of 5×5×7 cm, and the samples were tested for impact using a Charpy impact tester.

[0034] Comparative Example 1

[0035] Comparative Example 1 is a billiard cue made of maple wood.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A composite billiard cue simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood. Based on the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the composite billiard cue being 100%, the composition components of the raw materials and the mass fraction of each component are as follows: glass fiber 2%, resin 65%, carbon fiber 32%, lubricant 0.2%, antioxidant AP-618 0.25%, light stabilizer SEED 0.1%, red pigment 0.45%.

[0038] The length of the glass fiber is 12 - 15 mm, and the diameter is 45 - 60 μm.

[0039] The resin is PA612 and PA6, and the mass ratio of PA612 to PA6 is 55:1.

[0040] The length of the carbon fiber is 2 - 4 mm, and the diameter is 70 - 90 μm.

[0041] The lubricant is EBS wax and zinc stearate, and the mass ratio of EBS wax to zinc stearate is 1:1.

[0042] The raw material components of the composite billiard cue also add a toughening agent, and the toughening agent is Surlyn resin. The added mass of the toughening agent is 1% of the sum of the masses of the remaining raw material components (glass fiber, resin, carbon fiber, lubricant, antioxidant, light stabilizer, and pigment) of the composite billiard cue.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood. Based on the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue being 100%, the composition components included in the raw materials and the mass fractions of each component are as follows: glass fiber 2%, resin 60%, carbon fiber 37%, lubricant 0.2%, antioxidant AP-618 0.2%, light stabilizer SEED 0.1%, blue pigment 0.5%.

[0045] The length of the glass fiber is 12 - 15 mm, and the diameter is 45 - 60 μm.

[0046] The resin is PA612 and PA6, and the mass ratio of PA612 to PA6 is 55:1.

[0047] The lubricant is EBS wax and zinc stearate, and the mass ratio of EBS wax to zinc stearate is 0.7:1.

[0048] A toughening agent is also added to the raw material components of the composite material billiard cue. The toughening agent is Surlyn resin, and the added mass of the toughening agent is 1% of the sum of the masses of the remaining raw material components (glass fiber, resin, carbon fiber, lubricant, antioxidant, light stabilizer, and pigment) of the composite material billiard cue.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood. Based on the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue being 100%, the composition components included in the raw materials and the mass fractions of each component are as follows: glass fiber 5%, resin 40%, carbon fiber 52%, lubricant 0.1%, antioxidant AP-618 0.1%, light stabilizer SEED 0.15%, black pigment 2.65%.

[0051] The length of the glass fiber is 12 - 15 mm, and the diameter is 45 - 60 μm.

[0052] The resin is PA6 and PA612, and the mass ratio of PA612 to PA6 is 60:1.

[0053] The lubricant is EBS wax and zinc stearate, and the mass ratio of EBS wax to zinc stearate is 0.6:1.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] A composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood. Based on the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue being 100%, the composition components contained in the raw materials and the mass fractions of each component are as follows: 5% glass fiber, 57% resin, 35% carbon fiber, 0.1% lubricant, 0.1% antioxidant AP-618, 0.15% light stabilizer SEED, 2.65% black pigment;

[0056] The length of the glass fiber is 12 - 15 mm, and the diameter is 45 - 60 μm;

[0057] The resin is PA612 and PA6, and the mass ratio of PA612 to PA6 is 62:1;

[0058] The length of the carbon fiber is 2 - 4 mm, and the diameter is 70 - 90 μm;

[0059] The lubricant is EBS wax and zinc stearate, and the mass ratio of EBS wax to zinc stearate is 0.9:1.

[0060] Add the raw materials of the composite material billiard cues described in Examples 1 - 4 into an injection molding machine respectively, and injection mold them into rods in a mold at 220 - 280 °C for 5 minutes, then cut out the outer shape and polish it through a numerical control machine tool, and then perform hole punching and assembly molding to obtain a composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood. Test the hardness, maximum force, maximum force deformation, and toughness of the composite material billiard cues prepared in Examples 1 - 4 and the maple billiard cue described in Comparative Example 1 respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1

[0062]

[0063] According to the test results in Table 1, it can be seen that the hardness, maximum force point deformation, tensile strength, and impact modulus of the composite material billiard cues described in Examples 1 - 4 are all approximately the same as those of traditional maple wood billiard cues; and the values of the hardness, maximum force point deformation, tensile strength, and impact modulus of the composite material billiard cues change with the adjustment of the proportions of resin, glass fiber, and carbon fiber. Therefore, by adjusting the proportions of the raw material components in the composite material billiard cue, it is possible to achieve the simulation, standardization, transcendence, and large-scale production of the performance of the new material billiard cue for traditional wood billiard cues.

[0064] In summary, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood, characterized in that: Based on the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue being 100%, the composition components contained in the raw materials and the mass fractions of each component are as follows: Glass fiber 2 - 10%, resin 40 - 65%, carbon fiber 30 - 55%, lubricant 0.1 - 0.3%, antioxidant AP - 618 0.05 - 0.25%, light stabilizer SEED 0.1 - 0.25%, and the balance is pigment; The length of the glass fiber is greater than the length of the carbon fiber; The resin is PA612 and PA6, and the mass ratio of PA612 to PA6 is 50:1 - 65:1; The lubricant is N,N'-ethylenebisstearamide or / and zinc stearate.

2. The composite material billiard cue for simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of glass fiber to carbon fiber is 1:7 - 1:

20.

3. A composite material billiard cue for simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood, characterized in that: The length of the glass fiber is 12 - 15 mm, and the length of the carbon fiber is 2 - 4 mm.

4. A composite material billiard cue simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the glass fiber is 45 - 60 μm, and the diameter of the carbon fiber is 70 - 90 μm.

5. A composite material billiard cue for simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood, characterized in that: The lubricant is composed of N,N'-ethylenebisstearamide and zinc stearate according to a mass ratio of 0.5:1 - 1.5:

1.

6. A composite material billiard cue for simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The composition components of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue further include a toughening agent, the toughening agent is Surlyn resin, and the added mass of the toughening agent is 1 - 2% of the sum of the masses of the other raw material components of the composite material billiard cue.

7. A composite material billiard cue simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Based on the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue being 100%, the composition components contained in the raw materials and the mass fractions of each component are as follows: Glass fiber 2 - 5%, resin 40 - 60%, carbon fiber 37 - 52%, lubricant 0.1 - 0.3%, antioxidant AP - 618 0.05 - 0.25%, light stabilizer SEED 0.1 - 0.25%, and the balance is pigment; Among them, the mass ratio of PA612 to PA6 in the resin is 55:1 - 60:

1.

8. A composite material billiard cue for simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood, characterized in that: The composition components of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue further include a toughening agent, the toughening agent is Surlyn resin, and the added mass of the toughening agent is 1 - 2% of the sum of the masses of the other raw material components of the composite material billiard cue.

9. A method for preparing a composite material billiard cue that simulates the hardness and elasticity of wood as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Including the following steps: After mixing all the composition components of the raw materials for preparing the composite material billiard cue, injection - mold them into a rod at 220 - 280 °C, and then through cutting, grinding, and hole - punching for assembly and molding to obtain a composite material billiard cue simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood.

10. The preparation method of the composite material billiard cue for simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood according to claim 9, characterized in that: The composite material billiard cue simulating the hardness and elasticity of wood is of an integral or split - type structure.

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