Multidirectional self-adaptive torsion type vibration isolator and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multidirectional self-adaptive torsion type vibration isolator and a method. The multidirectional self-adaptive torsion type vibration isolator comprises a supporting frame, a rotating arm assembly and a guide rail assembly. The rotating arm assembly is arranged on the supporting frame and connected with the supporting frame through an energy dissipation rod, and the rotating arm assembly comprises a rotating arm, a rotating shaft arranged on the rotating arm and a sliding block arranged on the rotating shaft. The guide rail assembly is rotationally connected to the rotating arm assembly, slides while rotating around the rotating arm assembly and comprises a guide block arranged on a top plate and a guide block arranged on the bottom face of the top plate. One end of the rotating arm is connected to the energy dissipation bar, the sliding block is rotationally connected to the other end of the rotating arm through a rotating shaft, and the sliding block is in sliding connection with the guide block. Horizontal motion is converted into torsional motion through the rotating arm assembly, torsional force is transmitted to the energy dissipation rod, at the moment, torsional deformation of the energy dissipation rod is large and is within the plastic deformation range, the damping ratio of the whole system is increased by completely converting horizontal motion into the torsional motion of the energy dissipation rod, and the good damping effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge seismic isolation, and more specifically, relates to a multi-directional adaptive torsional seismic isolator and method. Background Art

[0002] The elastoplastic steel damping device is also called a steel hysteretic damper or a mild steel damper. The mild steel damping device mainly utilizes the principle that metal materials have good hysteretic characteristics after entering the plastic state and absorb a large amount of energy during the plastic hysteretic deformation process. It is a seismic isolation and damping device with advantages such as free shape design, easy processing, and low maintenance cost. At the same time, the mild steel damping device has stable damping characteristics, small influence of damping ratio by temperature, and high damping ratio. Currently, commonly used bending-type elastoplastic steel dampers include E-shaped steel dampers, C-shaped steel dampers, etc.

[0003] During minor earthquakes, the E / C-shaped steel is in the elastic range and does not absorb seismic energy. Its stiffness is relatively low compared to traditional bridge bearings, so the natural vibration period of the bridge can be extended, and a good vibration isolation effect can be achieved. During major earthquakes, the E / C-shaped steel enters the plastic state, and the E / C-shaped steel absorbs seismic energy during hysteresis, which greatly improves the damping ratio of the entire system and achieves a good shock absorption effect.

[0004] The above E / C-shaped steel metal dampers are all bending-type elastoplastic steel dampers, which form bending-type elastoplastic steel damping bearings in combination with various bearings and can only undergo bending deformation in one direction of the bridge. Therefore, they can only have a hysteretic shock absorption effect in one direction. Based on this, a multi-directional adaptive torsional seismic isolator and method are needed to adapt to the movement of the bridge in all directions and perform hysteretic shock absorption in all directions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-directional adaptive torsional seismic isolator and method. When the bridge is subjected to horizontal movement under external loads, it drives the guide rail assembly to move in the horizontal plane, converts the horizontal movement into torsional movement through the rotating arm assembly, and transmits the torsional force to the energy dissipation rod. At this time, the torsional deformation of the energy dissipation rod is small and within the elastic deformation range, and it does not absorb seismic energy. When an earthquake occurs, the upper bridge drives the guide rail assembly to move in the horizontal plane, converts the horizontal movement into torsional movement through the rotating arm assembly, and transmits the torsional force to the energy dissipation rod. At this time, the torsional deformation of the energy dissipation rod is large and within the plastic deformation range, and it absorbs seismic energy during hysteresis. By converting all the horizontal movements into the torsional movement of the energy dissipation rod, the damping ratio of the entire system is improved, and a good shock absorption effect is achieved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a multi-directional adaptive torsional seismic isolator is provided, including a support frame, a rotating arm assembly, and a guide rail assembly;

[0007] The swing arm assembly is arranged on the support frame and is connected to the support frame through a damping rod, and includes a swing arm, a rotating shaft arranged on the swing arm, and a slider arranged on the rotating shaft;

[0008] The guide rail assembly is rotatably connected to the swing arm assembly and slides while rotating around the swing arm assembly, and includes a top plate and a guide block arranged on the bottom surface of the top plate;

[0009] One end of the swing arm is connected to the damping rod, the slider is rotatably connected to the other end of the swing arm through the rotating shaft, and the guide block of the slider is slidably connected.

[0010] Further, a second connection hole is provided at one end of the swing arm, the shape of the second connection hole is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the top end of the damping rod, and it is sleeved on the top end of the damping rod to form a connection;

[0011] The other end of the swing arm extends outwards, the slider is arranged on the extended section of the swing arm, and the two are connected through a rotating shaft, and the slider rotates on the swing arm around the rotating shaft.

[0012] Further, the top of the slider extends to both sides, so that the slider is a T-shaped block.

[0013] Further, a T-shaped groove is provided on the bottom surface of the guide block, the top of the slider is arranged in the T-shaped groove, and the slider slides in the guide block.

[0014] Further, the guide blocks are all fixed to the bottom surface of the top plate. When the top plate moves, it drives the guide blocks to move in a plane, so that the slider rotates to adjust the moving direction of the guide blocks, and the connection between the top plate and the swing arm assembly is maintained through the guide blocks;

[0015] Stainless steel plates are provided on several surfaces of the guide block in contact with the slider, wear-resistant plates are provided on several surfaces of the slider in contact with the guide block, and a sliding friction pair is formed between the stainless steel plate and the wear-resistant plate to reduce the sliding friction force between the slider and the guide block.

[0016] Further, the support frame includes a fixing plate, an upper support plate arranged at the upper end of the fixing plate, and a lower support plate arranged at the lower end of the fixing plate.

[0017] Further, the shape of the fixing plate fits the surface of the base or pier, and a plurality of fixing plates are fixed along the circumference of the base or pier through anchor bolts;

[0018] The upper support plate is fixed to the fixing plate, is transversely arranged, and has a circular through hole in the middle;

[0019] The lower support plate is fixed to the fixing plate, is transversely arranged, and has a first connection hole in the middle, and the first connection hole is a special-shaped hole.

[0020] Further, the energy dissipation rod includes a limiting head at the bottom end and a rotating head at the top end;

[0021] The front cross-section of the limiting head has the same shape as the first connection hole of the lower support plate. The rear cross-section of the limiting head is larger than the front cross-section to form a limiting section. The limiting head is inserted into the first connection hole of the lower support plate and axially limited by the limiting section;

[0022] The rear cross-section of the rotating head is circular to form a cylindrical section, and its front cross-section is irregular to form a connecting section;

[0023] The rotating head is arranged in the circular through-hole of the upper support plate, and the connecting section passes through the circular through-hole.

[0024] According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a multi-directional adaptive torsion isolation method is provided, including the following steps:

[0025] S100. When a normal temperature displacement or an external force displacement occurs, the bridge drives the top plate to move, and the bearing provides a vertical bearing capacity for it;

[0026] S200. The top plate pushes the guiding block to move, and the slider automatically turns to the same direction as the guiding block. At the same time, the guiding block slides along the slider to generate a displacement in the direction of the guiding block;

[0027] S300. The displacement perpendicular to the direction of the guiding block does work on the energy dissipation rod through the rotating arm, causing the energy dissipation rod to generate elastic torsion, so as to convert this part of the displacement into the torsional motion of the energy dissipation rod;

[0028] S400. Under the action of temperature displacement or external force, the energy dissipation rod reciprocates torsionally under its elastic action to realize the adaptability to the displacement generated by the bridge daily;

[0029] S500. When a large displacement occurs due to an earthquake, the bridge drives the top plate to move, and the bearing provides a vertical bearing capacity for it;

[0030] S600. The top plate pushes the guiding block to move, and the slider automatically turns to the same direction as the guiding block. At the same time, the guiding block slides along the slider to generate a displacement in the direction of the guiding block;

[0031] S700. The displacement perpendicular to the direction of the guiding block does work on the energy dissipation rod through the rotating arm, causing the energy dissipation rod to generate plastic torsion, so as to convert this part of the displacement into the torsional motion of the energy dissipation rod;

[0032] S800. During a major earthquake, the energy dissipation rod enters plasticity and absorbs earthquake energy in the hysteresis loop, which greatly improves the damping ratio of the entire system and achieves a good shock absorption effect.

[0033] Further, in step S700, after the large displacement generated by a major earthquake (rare earthquake) disappears, since the energy dissipation rod has undergone plastic torsion, it is replaced according to its low-cycle fatigue condition.

[0034] Generally speaking, compared with the prior art through the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be achieved:

[0035] 1. For the self-adaptive torsion type isolation device of the present invention, when the bridge is horizontally moved by an external load, it drives the guide rail assembly to move in the horizontal plane, converts the horizontal movement into a torsional movement through the rotating arm assembly, and transmits the torsional force to the energy dissipation rod. At this time, the torsional deformation of the energy dissipation rod is small and within the elastic deformation range, and it does not absorb seismic energy; when an earthquake occurs, the upper bridge drives the guide rail assembly to move in the horizontal plane, converts the horizontal movement into a torsional movement through the rotating arm assembly, and transmits the torsional force to the energy dissipation rod. At this time, the torsional deformation of the energy dissipation rod is large and within the plastic deformation range, and it absorbs seismic energy during hysteresis. By converting all the horizontal movements into the torsional movement of the energy dissipation rod, the damping ratio of the entire system is improved, and a good shock absorption effect is achieved.

[0036] 2. For the self-adaptive torsion type isolation device of the present invention, the elastic torsion limit of the energy dissipation rod is designed according to the specifications and seismic resistance of the bridge, so that it generates elastic torsion under normal displacement conditions and recovers after the displacement disappears, so that the displacement of the bridge during normal service will not cause damage to it.

[0037] 3. For the self-adaptive torsion type isolation device of the present invention, when encountering a large displacement caused by an earthquake, the torsion of the energy dissipation rod exceeds its torsional elastic limit and undergoes plastic deformation to absorb the energy generated by the earthquake, thereby achieving a shock absorption effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-directional self-adaptive torsion type isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is an internal structural diagram of a multi-directional self-adaptive torsion type isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is a first perspective schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support frame and the rotating arm assembly of a multi-directional self-adaptive torsion type isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 is a second perspective schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support frame and the rotating arm assembly of a multi-directional self-adaptive torsion type isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 is a third perspective schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support frame and the rotating arm assembly of a multi-directional self-adaptive torsion type isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the support frame structure of a multi-directional adaptive torsion isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the energy dissipation rod structure of a multi-directional adaptive torsion isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the guide rail assembly structure of a multi-directional adaptive torsion isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the swing arm assembly and the guide rail assembly of the guide rail assembly of a multi-directional adaptive torsion isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the support structure of a multi-directional adaptive torsion isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the flow of a multi-directional adaptive torsion isolation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same technical features, specifically: 1 - base, 2 - support frame, 21 - fixing plate, 22 - upper support plate, 23 - lower support plate, 3 - energy dissipation rod, 31 - limiting head, 32 - force transmission rod, 33 - rotating head, 4 - swing arm assembly, 41 - swing arm, 42 - rotating shaft, 43 - slider, 5 - guide rail assembly, 51 - top plate, 52 - guiding block, 53 - stainless steel plate, 54 - wear-resistant plate, 6 - support. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] As Figures 1-10As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-directional adaptive torsional isolator, which includes a support frame 2, a rotating arm assembly 4 provided on the support frame 2, and a guide rail assembly 5 provided on the rotating arm assembly 4. The support frame 2 is directly provided around the bridge pier or the base 1, and the base 1 is fixed on the bridge pier. The support frame 2 and the rotating arm assembly 4 are connected by an energy dissipation rod 3, and the guide rail assembly 5 is rotatably connected to the rotating arm assembly 4 and slides while rotating around the rotating arm assembly 4. The bottom of the bridge is fixed on the guide rail assembly 5. When the bridge is horizontally moved by an external load, it drives the guide rail assembly 5 to move in the horizontal plane. The horizontal movement is converted into a torsional movement through the rotating arm assembly 4, and the torsional force is transmitted to the energy dissipation rod 3. At this time, the torsional deformation of the energy dissipation rod 3 is small and within the elastic deformation range, and it does not absorb seismic energy; when an earthquake occurs, the upper bridge drives the guide rail assembly 5 to move in the horizontal plane. The horizontal movement is converted into a torsional movement through the rotating arm assembly 4, and the torsional force is transmitted to the energy dissipation rod 3. At this time, the torsional deformation of the energy dissipation rod 3 is large and within the plastic deformation range, and it absorbs seismic energy during hysteresis. By converting all the horizontal movements into the torsional movement of the energy dissipation rod 3, the damping ratio of the entire system is improved, and a good shock absorption effect is achieved.

[0053] The support frame 2 includes a fixed plate 21, an upper support plate 22 provided at the upper end of the fixed plate 21, and a lower support plate 23 provided at the lower end of the fixed plate 21. Among them, the shape of the fixed plate 21 fits the surface of the base 1 or the bridge pier, and a plurality of them are fixed along the circumference of the base 1 or the bridge pier by anchor bolts. The upper support plate 22 is fixed on the fixed plate 21, which is horizontally arranged and has a circular through hole in the middle; the lower support plate 23 is fixed on the fixed plate 21, which is horizontally arranged and has a first connection hole in the middle. The first connection hole is a special-shaped hole, and its shape is not limited as long as it is not circular. Preferably, it is an oval hole.

[0054] The energy dissipation rod 3 is preferably a metal energy dissipation rod, which is made of steel with strong and stable hysteretic deformation ability after yielding, specifically showing good plasticity and low yield point. Preferably, it is steel of type 316, Q235 or Q355. The energy dissipation rod 3 includes a limit head 31 at the bottom end and a rotating head 33 at the top end. The limit head 31 and the rotating head 33 are connected by a force transmission rod 32. The cross-section of the front end of the limit head 31 is the same as the shape of the first connection hole of the lower support plate 23. The cross-section of the rear end of the limit head 31 is larger than the front end cross-section to form a limit section, and the cross-section of this limit section is preferably circular. The limit head 31 is inserted into the first connection hole of the lower support plate 23 and is axially limited by the limit section. The cross-section of the rear end of the rotating head 33 is circular to form a cylindrical section, and the cross-section of its front end is special-shaped to form a connection section. The cross-section shape of the connection section is not limited as long as it is not circular. The rotating head 33 is arranged in the circular through hole of the upper support plate 22, and the connection section passes through this circular through hole.

[0055] The swing arm assembly 4 includes a swing arm 41, a rotating shaft 42 provided on the swing arm 41, and a slider 43 provided on the rotating shaft 42. Among them, one end of the swing arm 41 is provided with a second connection hole, the shape of which is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the connection section, and it is sleeved on the connection section to form a connection. The other end of the swing arm 41 extends outward, and the slider 43 is provided on the extended section of the swing arm 41. The two are connected by the rotating shaft 42, and the slider 43 rotates on the swing arm 41 around the rotating shaft 42. The top of the slider 43 extends to both sides, making the slider 43 a T-shaped block.

[0056] The guide rail assembly 5 includes a top plate 51 and a guide block 52 provided on the bottom surface of the top plate 51. Among them, the number of the guide blocks 52 is the same as that of the energy dissipation rods 3 and the swing arm assemblies 4. The bottom surface of the guide block 52 is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the top of the slider 43 is arranged in the T-shaped groove, and the slider 43 slides in the guide block 52. A plurality of the guide blocks 52 are all fixed to the bottom surface of the top plate 51. When the top plate 51 moves, it drives the guide block 52 to move in a plane, so that the slider 43 rotates to adjust the moving direction of the guide block 52, and the connection between the top plate 51 and the swing arm assembly 4 is maintained through the guide block 52. Stainless steel plates 53 are provided on several surfaces of the guide block 52 in contact with the slider 43, and wear-resistant plates 54 are provided on several surfaces of the slider 43 in contact with the guide block 52. A sliding friction pair is formed between the stainless steel plate 53 and the wear-resistant plate 54 to reduce the sliding friction force between the slider 43 and the guide block 52.

[0057] A gap is reserved between the plurality of guide rail assemblies 5, and a support 6 is arranged in the gap. The support 6 is a multi-directional support including a spherical steel support, a pot rubber support or a friction pendulum support. Its lower support plate and the fixed plate 21 are fixed to the top surface of the same pier or the base 1, and its upper support plate is fixedly connected to the top plate 51, and the top plate 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge. The upper support plate and the lower support plate of the support 6 rotate and translate freely, and provide support and a sliding friction pair for the top plate 51 above it, so as to reduce the friction force of the horizontal movement of the bridge while supporting the bridge.

[0058] When the bridge generates temperature displacement or displacement under external force, the top plate 51 moves together with it, and at the same time pushes the guide block 52 to move. Since the central positions of the top plate 51 and the support 6 are offset, the relative positions of the guide block 52 and the force transmission rod 32 change. At this time, the slider 43 rotates to adjust to the same direction as the guide block 52, so as to facilitate the guide block 52 to slide along the length direction of the slider 43. When the slider 43 rotates, the guide block 52 exerts a force on the swing arm 41, so that the swing arm 41 rotates slightly, so as to transmit the force to the energy dissipation rod 3. When the energy dissipation rod 3 is stressed, the force transmission rod 32 undergoes a torsional deformation, realizing the conversion of the horizontal movement of the guide block 52 and the swing arm assembly 4 into torsional movement.

[0059] It is understandable that in this solution, the elastic torsional limit of the energy dissipation rod 3 is designed according to the specifications and seismic resistance of the bridge, so that it produces elastic torsion under normal displacement conditions and recovers after the displacement disappears, so that the displacement of the bridge during normal service will not cause damage to it. When a large displacement caused by an earthquake occurs, the torsion of the energy dissipation rod 3 exceeds its torsional elastic limit, and plastic deformation occurs to absorb the energy generated by the earthquake, thereby achieving a shock absorption effect.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] As Figure 11 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-directional adaptive torsional isolation method, which includes the following steps under normal displacement:

[0062] S100. When a normal temperature displacement or an external force displacement is generated, the bridge drives the top plate 51 to move, and the bearing 6 provides a vertical bearing capacity for it;

[0063] S200. The top plate 51 pushes the guide block 52 to move, and the slider 43 automatically turns to the same direction as the guide block 52. At the same time, the guide block 52 slides along the slider 43 to generate a displacement in the direction of the guide block 52;

[0064] S300. The displacement perpendicular to the direction of the guide block 52 does work on the energy dissipation rod 3 through the rotating arm 41, causing the energy dissipation rod 3 to generate elastic torsion, so as to convert this part of the displacement into the torsional motion of the energy dissipation rod 3;

[0065] S400. Under the action of temperature displacement or external force, the energy dissipation rod 3 reciprocates torsionally under its elastic action to realize the adaptability to the displacement generated by the bridge daily.

[0066] In step S200, a sliding friction pair composed of a stainless steel plate 53 and a wear-resistant plate 54 is provided between the contact surfaces of the slider 43 and the guide block 52 to reduce the friction between the two.

[0067] In step S300, since the temperature displacement or the external force displacement generated by the bridge is within the design range, that is, this kind of displacement is a normal displacement. At this time, the energy dissipation rod 3 only generates a small torsion under its action to offset the force generated by the displacement. This degree of torsion is within the elastic range of the energy dissipation rod 3. After the displacement disappears, it automatically restores, only realizing the function of temporary energy storage, and not absorbing seismic energy.

[0068] The following steps are included under seismic displacement:

[0069] S500. When a large displacement is generated due to an earthquake, the bridge drives the top plate 51 to move, and the bearing 6 provides a vertical bearing capacity for it;

[0070] S600. The top plate 51 pushes the guide block 52 to move, and the slider 43 automatically turns to the same direction as the guide block 52. At the same time, the guide block 52 slides along the slider 43 to generate a displacement in the direction of the guide block 52.

[0071] S700. The displacement perpendicular to the direction of the guide block 52 does work on the energy dissipation rod 3 through the swing arm 41, causing the energy dissipation rod 3 to undergo plastic torsion, so as to convert this part of the displacement into the torsional motion of the energy dissipation rod 3.

[0072] S800. During a major earthquake (rare earthquake), the energy dissipation rod 3 enters the plastic state and absorbs seismic energy during hysteresis. This greatly increases the damping ratio of the entire system and achieves a good seismic reduction effect.

[0073] In step S700, since the displacement of the bridge caused by the earthquake is outside the design range, that is, this kind of displacement is abnormal displacement. At this time, the energy dissipation rod 3 only generates a large torsion under its action to offset the force generated by the displacement. This degree of torsion exceeds the elastic torsion limit of the energy dissipation rod 3. After the displacement disappears, it will not recover, so as to effectively absorb seismic energy and achieve a good seismic reduction effect.

[0074] In step S700, after the large displacement generated by a major earthquake (rare earthquake) disappears, due to the plastic torsion of the energy dissipation rod 3, it is replaced according to its low-cycle fatigue condition, and the replacement is convenient.

[0075] In step S800, during a minor earthquake (frequent earthquake), the energy dissipation rod 3 is in the elastic range and does not absorb seismic energy. Its stiffness is lower than that of the traditional bridge bearing, so the natural vibration period of the bridge can be extended, and a good vibration isolation effect can be achieved.

[0076] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional adaptive torsional isolator, characterized in that It includes a support frame (2), a swing arm assembly (4), and a guide rail assembly (5); The swing arm assembly (4) is arranged on the support frame (2) and is connected to the support frame (2) through a damping rod (3). It includes a swing arm (41), a rotating shaft (42) arranged on the swing arm (41), and a slider (43) arranged on the rotating shaft (42); The guide rail assembly (5) is rotatably connected to the swing arm assembly (4) and slides while rotating around the swing arm assembly (4). It includes a top plate (51) and a guide block (52) arranged on the bottom surface of the top plate (51); One end of the swing arm (41) is connected to the damping rod (3), and the slider (43) is rotatably connected to the other end of the swing arm (41) through the rotating shaft (42), and the guide block (52) of the slider (43) is slidably connected.

2. The multi-directional adaptive torsion type seismic isolator according to claim 1, wherein One end of the swing arm (41) is provided with a second connection hole, and the shape of the second connection hole is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the top end of the damping rod (3). It is sleeved on the top end of the damping rod (3) to form a connection; The other end of the swing arm (41) extends outwards, and the slider (43) is arranged on the extended section of the swing arm (41). The two are connected through the rotating shaft (42), and the slider (43) rotates on the swing arm (41) around the rotating shaft (42).

3. The multi-directional adaptive torsion type seismic isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the slider (43) extends to both sides, making the slider (43) a T-shaped block.

4. The multi-directional adaptive torsional isolator according to claim 3, wherein, The bottom surface of the guide block (52) is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the top of the slider (43) is arranged in the T-shaped groove, and the slider (43) slides in the guide block (52).

5. The multi-directional adaptive torsion type isolation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide blocks (52) are all fixed to the bottom surface of the top plate (51). When the top plate (51) moves, it drives the guide blocks (52) to move in a plane, causing the slider (43) to rotate to adjust the moving direction of the guide blocks (52), and maintaining the connection between the top plate (51) and the swing arm assembly (4) through the guide blocks (52); Stainless steel plates (53) are arranged on several surfaces of the guide block (52) in contact with the slider (43), and wear-resistant plates (54) are arranged on several surfaces of the slider (43) in contact with the guide block (52). A sliding friction pair is formed between the stainless steel plate (53) and the wear-resistant plate (54) to reduce the sliding friction force between the slider (43) and the guide block (52).

6. A multi-directional adaptive torsion type seismic isolator according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The support frame (2) includes a fixed plate (21), an upper support plate (22) arranged at the upper end of the fixed plate (21), and a lower support plate (23) arranged at the lower end of the fixed plate (21).

7. A multi-directional adaptive torsional isolator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shape of the fixed plate (21) fits the surface of the base (1) or the pier, and a plurality of them are fixed along the circumference of the base (1) or the pier through anchor bolts; The upper support plate (22) is fixed to the fixed plate (21), is horizontally arranged, and has a circular through hole in the middle; The lower support plate (23) is fixed to the fixed plate (21), is horizontally arranged, and has a first connection hole in the middle. The first connection hole is a special-shaped hole.

8. A multi-directional adaptive torsion isolation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The damping rod (3) includes a limit head (31) at the bottom end and a rotating head (33) at the top end; The front-end cross-section of the limiting head (31) has the same shape as the first connection hole of the lower support plate (23). The rear-end cross-section of the limiting head (31) is larger than the front-end cross-section to form a limiting section. The limiting head (31) is inserted into the first connection hole of the lower support plate (23) and is axially limited by the limiting section. The rear-end cross-section of the rotating head (33) is circular to form a cylindrical section, and its front-end cross-section is irregular to form a connection section. The rotating head (33) is arranged in the circular through-hole of the upper support plate (22), and the connection section passes through the circular through-hole.

9. A multi-directional adaptive torsional isolation method, which is realized by using a multi-directional adaptive torsional isolator described in any one of claims 1-8, and is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S100. When a normal temperature displacement or an external force displacement occurs, the bridge drives the top plate (51) to move, and the bearing (6) provides a vertical bearing capacity for it. S200. The top plate (51) pushes the guide block (52) to move. The slider (43) automatically turns to the same direction as the guide block (52). At the same time, the guide block (52) slides along the slider (43) to generate a displacement in the direction of the guide block (52). S300. The displacement perpendicular to the direction of the guide block (52) does work on the energy dissipation rod (3) through the swing arm (41), causing the energy dissipation rod (3) to generate elastic torsion, so as to convert this displacement into the torsional motion of the energy dissipation rod (3). S400. Under the action of temperature displacement or external force, the energy dissipation rod (3) reciprocally twists under its elastic action to achieve self-adaptation to the displacement generated by the bridge daily. S500. When a large displacement is generated due to an earthquake, the bridge drives the top plate (51) to move, and the bearing (6) provides a vertical bearing capacity for it. S600. The top plate (51) pushes the guide block (52) to move. The slider (43) automatically turns to the same direction as the guide block (52). At the same time, the guide block (52) slides along the slider (43) to generate a displacement in the direction of the guide block (52). S700. The displacement perpendicular to the direction of the guide block (52) does work on the energy dissipation rod (3) through the swing arm (41), causing the energy dissipation rod (3) to generate plastic torsion, so as to convert this part of the displacement into the torsional motion of the energy dissipation rod (3). S800. During a major earthquake, the energy dissipation rod (3) enters the plastic state and absorbs earthquake energy in the hysteresis loop. It greatly improves the damping ratio of the entire system and achieves a good shock absorption effect.

10. A multi-directional adaptive torsional isolation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S700, after the large displacement generated by the major earthquake disappears, due to the plastic torsion of the energy dissipation rod (3), it is replaced according to its low-cycle fatigue condition.

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