Water body bottom mud in-situ reduction, cleaning and recycling equipment and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses in-situ reduction, cleaning and recycling equipment for bottom mud of a water body and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration. The equipment comprises a cutter suction dredger, a multifunctional ship body water working platform and automatic underwater paving equipment, the cutter suction dredger excavates bottom mud through low disturbance and conveys the bottom mud to the working platform of the multifunctional ship body in a sealed mode, the overwater working platform of the multifunctional ship body is integrated with a mud buffering, separating, dewatering, purifying and mixing filling unit, and the mixed bottom mud is conveyed to a proper position through a self-propelled satellite mud cabin beside the platform to be discharged. The automatic underwater paving equipment is used for subsequent underwater paving operation. According to the water body bottom mud in-situ reduction, cleaning and recycling equipment and the using method, through integrated technological equipment, in-situ cleaning and backfilling of bottom mud in the water area range are achieved, the dredged bottom mud treatment and disposal cost is reduced, a cleaning and recycling layer is formed, secondary pollution is reduced, and the technical advantages of being efficient, environmentally friendly and intelligent are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of water pollution control and ecological restoration, and particularly relates to an in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment and process method for water body sediment, aiming to solve problems such as high cost of sediment treatment and disposal and high environmental risks. Background Art

[0002] Water eutrophication refers to the phenomenon that the contents of nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in water bodies are too high, leading to the overgrowth of algae and other aquatic plants, which can cause problems such as water blooms, hypoxia and even black odor, damaging the aquatic ecosystem and water quality.

[0003] River and lake sediments are important reservoirs of water pollution substances, adsorbing and depositing a large amount of harmful components such as organic matters, heavy metals and nutrients. These pollutants may release the pollutants back into the water body through resuspension and dissolution, becoming an important internal pollution source affecting and restricting the water quality of rivers and lakes, posing a serious threat to the health of the water ecosystem. Therefore, the research on the treatment and disposal of river and lake sediments and water ecological restoration technology is particularly important.

[0004] The composition of river and lake sediments is complex, with inorganic substances dominating, including quartz, various clay minerals and feldspar minerals, and at the same time containing a small amount of carbonate and trace amounts of sulfate, phosphate and organic matter. Its particle composition is mainly divided into gravel, sand, silt and clay, among which the proportion of gravel is about 5%, and the proportion of sand and silt can be as high as about 75%. The distribution of pollutants in river and lake sediments shows obvious non-uniformity, and this difference is closely related to the particle size of the sediment, resulting in significant differences in the concentration and types of pollutants contained in sediments of different particle sizes. The pollutant content in river, lake and reservoir sediments is closely related to the particle gradation and composition of the sediment. In particular, the content of organic matter, total nitrogen and heavy metals in the sediment shows a high correlation with the content of fine particles. Fine particle substances, especially clay particles, due to their large specific surface area and abundant active groups such as metal oxides, show strong ability to adsorb and retain pollutants, and contribute most significantly in the process of phosphorus adsorption. The influence of particle size on the phosphorus adsorption amount is significant, and the adsorption amount ranking is: silt-clay mixture > silt > fine sand > very fine sand. Therefore, in the work of sediment pollution control and restoration, it is very necessary to separate particles of different particle sizes and pay special attention to the management and treatment of fine particle substances.

[0005] Traditional sediment treatment technologies are mainly divided into in-situ remediation technologies and ex-situ remediation technologies. Ex-situ remediation technologies, such as traditional dredging projects, aim to remove sediment from water bodies. A large amount of dredged sludge generated by dredging needs to be treated and disposed of, which not only has high treatment costs but also requires a large amount of disposal space for landfilling dredged soil, making it difficult to implement. In-situ remediation technologies, on the other hand, treat sediment in-situ through physical, chemical, biological and other technical means, without the need for sediment disposal space and can reduce treatment costs, and have received increasing attention. However, these technologies mainly focus on how to remove or degrade sediment pollution, without correlating pollutant and sediment particle size distribution characteristics, resulting in low treatment efficiency or high costs.

[0006] To address these challenges, in view of the non-discrimination in the treatment and disposal of dredged sediment, Patent No. CN108218181A proposed a system and method for deep classification treatment of river and lake sediment, which deeply separates dredged sediment through three modules: sediment transportation, deep classification and mechanical dewatering, and realizes resource utilization. Patent No. CN110862212A discloses a system and process for classification treatment and resource utilization of river and lake sediment. This technology realizes the classified resource utilization of river and lake sediment through separation, sorting and dewatering processes. However, it is necessary to transport the dredged sediment to the treatment module, which increases transportation costs and environmental risks, and there are limitations in the coordination and integration between modules. Classifying and screening sediment can specifically treat sediment with different particle sizes, improve treatment efficiency and effect, and thus reduce treatment costs. Especially for sediment with less pollution, it can be directly backfilled or used for other purposes to avoid unnecessary treatment costs.

[0007] In recent years, some researchers have proposed in-situ purification and restoration of sediment through large ships. Patent No. CN108911461A discloses an in-situ reduction and disposal ship for river sediment pollutants. By setting a control module inside the ship, the cleaning and suction of sediment are realized, and the purification efficiency of sludge is improved through a slurry biological purification device and a mud-water separation device. Although the in-situ purification and restoration of sediment through large ships on the water operation platform cause less damage to the original ecological environment of river sediment, there is often a lack of effective integrated treatment and restoration means, and there are still deficiencies in the refinement, automation and intelligence of sediment treatment. Therefore, in terms of the integrated classification treatment of sediment, the effective removal of pollutants and the in-situ restoration of clean sediment, existing technical equipment is difficult to meet the efficient and environmental governance requirements. Currently, there is a lack of complete technical processes and equipment that can realize the in-situ reduction and clean restoration of sediment in large eutrophic water bodies.

[0008] Therefore, in view of the above problems, a device and method for in-situ reduction and clean restoration of water body sediment are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a device and method for in-situ reduction and clean restoration of water body sediment. Through low-disturbance excavation, closed transportation, grading treatment, mixing of repair agents, and in-situ paving, efficient reduction and restoration of sediment are achieved, the demand for sediment disposal space is reduced, environmental pollution is effectively reduced, and the cost of dredged sediment treatment and disposal is reduced.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A device for in-situ reduction and clean restoration of water body sediment, comprising a cutter suction dredger, a multi-functional hull water working platform, and an automated underwater paving equipment;

[0011] The cutter suction dredger is connected to the multi-functional hull water working platform, and the automated underwater paving equipment is used for subsequent underwater paving operations;

[0012] The multi-functional hull water working platform includes a mud buffer unit, a mud separation unit, a mud dewatering unit, a sediment purification unit, and a mixing and filling unit;

[0013] One end of the mud buffer unit is connected to the cutter suction dredger, and the other end is connected to the mud separation unit. The mud separation unit is respectively connected to the mud dewatering unit and the sediment purification unit, and the mud dewatering unit is connected to the mixing and filling unit;

[0014] The automated underwater paving equipment includes a discharging unit and a paving unit; the discharging unit is connected to the mixing and filling unit, and the paving unit is used to complete paving and compaction after discharging.

[0015] Preferably, the mud buffer unit includes a mud buffer bin and a first stirring device, and the first stirring device is arranged in the mud buffer bin; the mud buffer bin is connected to the mud separation unit.

[0016] Preferably, the mud separation unit includes an impurity removal tank, a drum screen, a vibrating screen, and a multi-stage hydrocyclone system. The drum screen, the vibrating screen, and the multi-stage hydrocyclone system are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the impurity removal tank, and the multi-stage hydrocyclone system is respectively connected to the mud dewatering unit and the sediment purification unit.

[0017] Preferably, the mud dewatering unit includes mechanical dewatering equipment, the upper end of which is connected to the multi-stage hydrocyclone system, and the lower end is connected to the mixing and filling unit.

[0018] Preferably, the sediment purification unit includes a coagulation reactor, a high-intensity magnetic separation device, and a plate and frame filter press. The coagulation reactor is connected to the multi-stage hydrocyclone system, the coagulation reactor is subsequently connected to the high-intensity magnetic separation device, and the high-intensity magnetic separation device is subsequently connected to the plate and frame filter press.

[0019] Preferably, the mixing and filling unit includes a repair agent feeding device and a second stirring device; the second stirring device is arranged in the sludge storage bin, the repair agent feeding device is connected to the sludge storage bin, the upper end of the sludge storage bin communicates with the mechanical dewatering device, and the lower end communicates with the discharging unit.

[0020] Preferably, the discharging unit includes a self-propelled satellite sludge tank, the self-propelled satellite sludge tank is connected with a storage bin, and the lower end of the storage bin is connected with a discharging system;

[0021] The discharging system includes a mud inlet hopper, the mud inlet hopper is connected to the lower end of the storage bin, a propeller drive is arranged in the mud inlet hopper, one end of the propeller drive is connected to a motor, the other end is located at the discharging port of the mud inlet hopper, a valve is arranged at the discharging port, the lower end of the discharging port is connected to an underwater discharging hose, the lower end of the underwater discharging hose is connected to a duckbill discharging port, and a protective cover is connected to the outside of the duckbill discharging port; high-pressure cleaning devices are connected to both side walls of the storage bin; a rigid toothed wing plate is connected to the upper port of the mud inlet hopper.

[0022] Preferably, the paving unit includes a paving ship, a compaction roller is connected to the lower end of the paving ship, and the compaction roller is connected with a power module; a positioning module is connected to the paving ship.

[0023] A method for using a water body bottom sludge in-situ reduction and clean restoration device includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1, a cutter suction dredger sucks and dredges mud, and conveys it to the mud buffer bin on the working platform through a pipeline in a closed manner. The first stirring device inside the mud buffer bin operates to ensure the uniform composition of the mud and prevent sedimentation;

[0025] Step 2, the mud entering the impurity removal tank is subjected to preliminary sedimentation and removal of large particles. The separation of large and heavy impurities such as stones, plastic products, and metal products is achieved by setting a grille and controlling the flow rate and residence time. The impurity removal tank is connected to a drum screen through a mud pump and a pipeline. The large particles with a particle size > 5 mm are screened out by the drum screen for external transportation and filling;

[0026] The mud with a particle size ≤ 5 mm after being screened by the drum screen is conveyed to a vibrating screen, the particles with a size of 2 - 5 mm are screened out for external transportation and filling, and the remaining mud with a size ≤ 2 mm is collected and input into a multi-stage cyclone system for further screening;

[0027] The mud with a particle size of 20 μm - 2 mm after being screened by the multi-stage cyclone system is discharged from the underflow port and conveyed to the mud dewatering unit; the mud with a particle size less than 20 μm discharged from the overflow pipe of the multi-stage cyclone system enters the subsequent bottom sludge purification unit;

[0028] Step 3: The slurry transported to the slurry dewatering unit is dehydrated by mechanical dewatering equipment to reduce its moisture content to below 55%, and then transported to the mixing and filling unit by a belt conveyor.

[0029] Step 4: The slurry transported to the sediment purification unit is treated by physical and chemical measures through a coagulation reactor, a high-gradient magnetic separation device, and a plate and frame filter press for the slurry with fine particles ≤20μm, and finally dehydrated by pressure filtration to form a mud cake with a moisture content lower than 40%, which is then transported to land for treatment and disposal.

[0030] Step 5: The sediment transported to the mixing and filling unit is added with a sediment repair agent through a repair agent feeding device and stirred and mixed by a second stirring device to achieve the repair and improvement of the sediment, and then the mixed sediment is transported to the self-propelled satellite mud tank for temporary storage.

[0031] Step 6: The self-propelled satellite mud tank discharges materials according to a preset path; the slurry in the self-propelled satellite mud tank enters the storage bin, then enters the mud inlet hopper, the motor drives the propeller drive to rotate, driving the slurry to be discharged from the discharge port and transported to the mud-water interface through an underwater discharge hose from the duckbill discharge port.

[0032] Step 7: The paving ship drives the compaction roller through the power module to pave and compact the discharged slurry to form a clean layer of 0.2 - 0.4m.

[0033] The discharge rate of the self-propelled satellite mud tank is 0.1 - 0.25m per linear meter 3 , and the tank capacity is 100 - 300m 3 .

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment and method for water body sediment of the present invention incorporate green and safe repair materials into the restored sediment, forming a protective layer on the sediment surface to achieve long-term in-situ repair, significantly reducing the pollution release amount of the lower sediment; promoting the self-repair and natural healthy succession of the water body ecosystem, and significantly improving the self-purification ability and water environment capacity of the water body. Through in-situ treatment and restoration, the off-site stacking and disposal of a large amount of sediment are avoided, reducing the space demand for dredged sediment disposal by more than 70%; the in-situ paving and restoration of sediment can form a clean layer with a thickness of 0.2 - 0.4m, reducing the adverse impact on the water body ecosystem and the risk of secondary pollution, and having significant environmental and economic benefits.

[0035] Meanwhile, the equipment integrates multiple processes such as cutter suction dredging, mud treatment, mixing and filling, and underwater paving, achieving in-situ reduction and clean restoration of sediment within the water area. There is no need for onshore operations, avoiding off-site transportation and treatment of sediment, significantly reducing treatment costs and environmental pollution risks. It has flexible operation capabilities: the scale of the multi-functional hull working platform and the configuration of each treatment unit can be designed and built according to actual needs, and it is equipped with a self-propelled satellite mud tank for discharging restored sediment, enabling this process to quickly adapt to different operating environments and requirements, with high flexibility and scalability. Through the mud separation unit and purification unit on the multi-functional hull working platform, efficient classification treatment of sediment is achieved, reducing the transportation cost of dredged sediment, shrinking the demand for disposal space, while reducing the use of chemical agents for sediment treatment and minimizing the impact on the environment. The equipment is equipped with an automated control system and an intelligent positioning module, which can monitor the mud state in real time, adjust treatment parameters, and achieve precise positioning and automated operation of underwater paving, improving the accuracy and uniformity of operations and reducing manual intervention. A low-disturbance environmental protection cutter suction dredger and wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material pipelines are used, reducing secondary pollution to the water body. At the same time, new energy batteries are used to power the underwater paving equipment, which is regularly charged, in line with the green and low-carbon environmental protection concept. Description of the Drawings

[0036] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process flow of the equipment for in-situ reduction and clean restoration of water body sediment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the multi-functional hull water working platform of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the automated underwater paving equipment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a front view cross-sectional view of the self-propelled satellite mud tank discharging system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a side view cross-sectional view of the self-propelled satellite mud tank discharging system of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1. Storage bin; 2. Mud inlet hopper; 3. Propeller drive; 4. Motor; 5. Rigid toothed wing plate; 6. Discharge port; 7. Valve; 8. Underwater discharge hose; 9. Duckbill discharge port; 10. Protective cover; 11. High-pressure cleaning device; 12. Cutter suction dredger; 13. Multifunctional hull water working platform; 14. Automated underwater paving equipment; 15. Mud buffer bin; 16. First stirring device; 17. Impurity removal tank; 18. Drum screen; 19. Vibration screen; 20. Multistage cyclone system; 21. Mechanical dewatering equipment; 22. Coagulation reactor; 23. High-intensity magnetic separation equipment; 24. Plate and frame filter press; 25. Repair agent feeding device; 26. Second stirring device; 27. Self-propelled satellite mud tank; 29. Discharge system; 30. Paving ship; 31. Compaction roller; 32. Power module; 33. Positioning module. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , a device for in-situ reduction and clean restoration of water body sediment, including a cutter suction dredger 12, a multifunctional hull water working platform 13 and an automated underwater paving equipment 14; the cutter suction dredger 12 is connected to the multifunctional hull water working platform 13, and the automated underwater paving equipment 14 is used for subsequent underwater paving operations; the cutter suction dredger is used for low-disturbance excavation of sediment and transportation through a closed pipeline; the multifunctional hull water working platform 13 includes a mud buffer unit, a mud separation unit, a mud dewatering unit, a sediment purification unit and a mixing and filling unit; one end of the mud buffer unit is connected to the cutter suction dredger 12, and the other end is connected to the mud separation unit. The mud separation unit is respectively connected to the mud dewatering unit and the sediment purification unit, and the mud dewatering unit is connected to the mixing and filling unit;

[0045] Specifically, the self-propelled satellite mud tank 27 is connected to the mixing and filling unit and is moored and fixed beside the multifunctional hull working platform, and is used for temporarily storing the sediment after mixing with the repair agent, and has the functions of water transportation and unloading;

[0046] Specifically, the automated underwater paving equipment 14 includes a discharge unit and a paving unit; the discharge unit is connected to the mixing and filling unit, and the paving unit is used for paving and compaction after unloading.

[0047] Specifically, the cutter suction dredger 12 uses a low-disturbance environmental protection type cutter suction dredger for dredging, and conveys it to the water working platform 13 of the multi-functional hull through a closed pipeline. The cutter suction dredger is selected with a power of 500 - 3000 kW and is equipped with HDPE pipes (diameter 150 - 600 mm). The pipes are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, and can be made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or rubber-lined steel pipes.

[0048] Specifically, the scale of the water working platform 13 of the multi-functional hull can be designed and constructed according to needs, and is provided with fixed steel piles, which are driven by a transmission mechanism for pile insertion and extraction to adjust or fix the position of the platform.

[0049] Specifically, the slurry buffer unit includes a slurry buffer bin 15 and a first stirring device 16. The first stirring device 16 is arranged inside the slurry buffer bin 15; the slurry buffer bin 15 is connected to the slurry separation unit.

[0050] Specifically, the slurry buffer bin 15 can be arranged integrally or separately, and is used to collect and buffer the slurry transported by the cutter suction dredger, and output the slurry to the subsequent unit according to the grading treatment capacity of the operation platform. Buffer bin capacity = (input volume per unit time - treatment volume per unit time) × storage time × buffer coefficient. Among them, the input volume is designed according to 100 - 300 m 3 / h, and the treatment volume is designed according to 200 - 350 m 3 / h. The continuous operation time is 8 - 20 h, and the buffer coefficient is a safety factor. Considering possible delays, equipment failures or other unexpected situations during the operation process, it is taken as 1.2 - 1.5. The buffer bin is provided with a supernatant recovery bin grid to collect, treat and utilize the supernatant.

[0051] Specifically, the slurry buffer bin 15 is also equipped with a feeding and discharging system. The feeding and discharging system matches the efficiency of the subsequent treatment unit, and the material is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials. A reasonable pipeline layout is designed to reduce elbows and joints to reduce pressure loss and wear. Specifically, a regulating valve is installed on the feeding pipeline to control the flow direction of the slurry, and a flow meter, a concentration meter and a pressure gauge are installed to monitor the input state of the slurry in real time to ensure that it matches the treatment capacity. The system is equipped with high-performance slurry pumps, such as centrifugal pumps, diaphragm pumps or screw pumps, etc., to provide the power for slurry transportation.

[0052] Specifically, the first stirring device 16 can adopt a paddle stirrer or a turbine stirrer to ensure the uniform composition of the slurry and prevent precipitation; a monitoring device can also be adopted, which can include an online viscometer, a particle size analyzer, vibration and temperature sensors, etc.

[0053] Specifically, the mud storage bin 15 is also equipped with an automated control system. Controlled by the automated control system, it can automatically adjust the stirring speed and feeding rate according to the flow rate and concentration of the mud. An automatic flushing system is set up to use the recycled supernatant liquid to flush and push the mud at the easily sedimented and caked parts.

[0054] Specifically, the mud separation unit includes an impurity removal tank 17, a drum screen 18, a vibrating screen 19, and a multi-stage cyclone system 20. The drum screen 18, the vibrating screen 19, and the multi-stage cyclone system 20 are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the impurity removal tank 17. The multi-stage cyclone system 20 is respectively connected to the mud dewatering unit and the bottom mud purification unit.

[0055] Specifically, the impurity removal tank 17 removes large particulate matters through preliminary sedimentation. Specifically, the separation of large and heavy impurities such as stones, plastic products, and metal products is achieved by setting a grille and controlling the flow rate and residence time. The impurity removal tank 17 is connected to the drum screen 18 through a mud pump and a pipeline. The large particles with a particle size > 5 mm are screened out by the drum screen 18 for external transportation and filling.

[0056] Specifically, the mud with a particle size ≤ 5 mm after being screened by the drum screen 18 is transported to the vibrating screen 19. The particles with a size of 2 - 5 mm are screened out for external transportation and filling. The remaining mud with a size ≤ 2 mm is collected and input into the multi-stage cyclone system 20 for further screening.

[0057] Specifically, the mud with a particle size of 20 μm - 2 mm is discharged from the underflow port and transported to the mud dewatering unit. The moisture content is reduced to less than 55% by using mechanical dewatering equipment, and then it is transported to the mixing and filling unit through a belt conveyor. The mud with a particle size ≤ 20 μm is discharged from the overflow pipe of the hydrocyclone and enters the subsequent bottom mud purification unit.

[0058] Specifically, the mud dewatering unit includes mechanical dewatering equipment 21. The upper end of the mechanical dewatering equipment 21 is connected to the multi-stage cyclone system 20, and the lower end is connected to the mixing and filling unit.

[0059] Specifically, the bottom mud purification unit includes a coagulation reactor 22, a high-intensity magnetic separation device 23, and a plate and frame filter press 24. The coagulation reactor 22 is connected to the multi-stage cyclone system 20. The coagulation reactor 22 is subsequently connected to the high-intensity magnetic separation device 23, and the high-intensity magnetic separation device 23 is subsequently connected to the plate and frame filter press 24. The fine particle mud is treated by physical and chemical measures through the coagulation reactor 22, the high-intensity magnetic separation device 23, and the plate and frame filter press 24. Finally, it is dehydrated by pressure filtration to form a mud cake with a moisture content lower than 40%, and then it is transported to the land for treatment and disposal.

[0060] Specifically, the high-intensity magnetic separation device 23 can preferably be a high-intensity magnetic separation device. Flocculants and magnetic powder need to be added during the use process to improve the separation effect, and the magnetic powder is recycled. The flocculant is preferably a natural polymer flocculant (such as starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, etc.).

[0061] Specifically, the mixing and filling unit includes a repair agent feeding device 25 and a second stirring device 26; the second stirring device 26 is arranged in the sludge storage bin, the repair agent feeding device 25 is connected to the sludge storage bin, the upper end of the sludge storage bin communicates with the mechanical dewatering equipment 21, and the lower end communicates with the discharging unit. The second stirring device 26 stirs and mixes the bottom sludge and the bottom sludge repair agent to achieve the repair and improvement of the bottom sludge; the mixed bottom sludge is transported to the self-propelled satellite sludge tank for subsequent underwater in-situ restoration operations. The bottom sludge repair agent may include an oxygen releasing agent, a nutrient regulator, a pH regulator, a microbial repair agent, activated carbon / biochar, etc. The addition amount is controlled at 3%-15% of the bottom sludge quality. The second stirring device 26 used in the mixing process may preferably be a turbine stirrer.

[0062] The repair agent added by the repair agent feeding device 25 includes at least one of an oxygen releasing agent, activated carbon / biochar, and a microbial repair agent, and the addition amount is 3%-15% of the bottom sludge quality.

[0063] Specifically, the discharging unit includes a satellite sludge tank 27, the satellite sludge tank 27 is connected with a storage bin 1, the lower end of the storage bin 1 is connected with a discharging system 29; the discharging system 29 includes a mud inlet hopper 2, the mud inlet hopper 2 is connected to the lower end of the storage bin 1, a propeller driver 3 is arranged in the mud inlet hopper 2, one end of the propeller driver 3 is connected with a motor 4, the other end is located at the discharging port 6 of the mud inlet hopper 2, a valve 7 is arranged at the discharging port 6, the lower end of the discharging port 6 is connected with an underwater discharging hose 8, the lower end of the underwater discharging hose 8 is connected with a duckbill discharging port 9, and a protective cover 10 is connected to the outside of the duckbill discharging port 9; high-pressure cleaning devices 11 are connected to the two side walls of the storage bin 1; a rigid toothed wing plate 5 is connected to the upper port of the mud inlet hopper 2.

[0064] Specifically, the discharging rate of the self-propelled satellite sludge tank 27 is 0.1-0.25 m per linear meter 3 and the capacity of the tank body is 100-300 m 3 , and a duckbill discharging port 9 and a protective cover 10 are arranged at the discharging port 6.

[0065] The self-propelled satellite sludge tank 27 is moored and fixed beside the multi-functional hull working platform, used for temporarily storing the bottom sludge after mixing with the repair agent, and having the functions of water transportation and discharging.

[0066] Specifically, the storage bin 1 is used for temporarily storing the bottom sludge after mixing with the bottom sludge repair agent. The capacity of each self-propelled satellite sludge tank is about 100-300 m 3。The discharging system 29 is installed at the lowest position in the middle of the self-propelled satellite mud tank. The top elevation of the mud inlet hopper is the lowest position of the mud storage space in the mud tank. The bottom of the mud tank rises from the position of the mud inlet hopper to both ends with a slope of 5-10%. The propeller drive 3 is driven by a motor 4 located at the head end. Rigid toothed wing plates 5 are arranged at intervals of 1:1 distance along the upper edge of the mud inlet hopper 2, and the dispersed interval discharging space channels prevent blockage.

[0067] Specifically, the discharging port is arranged on the side of the tail of the mud tank, and a mud discharging valve 7 is installed inside it. The discharging port is an "L"-shaped rectangular hollow steel arm structure, rigidly connected to the end of the rotary drive at one end, and perpendicular to the water surface outside the mud tank at the other end, and connected to a flexible conduit. The lower outlet of the conduit is close to the mud surface. The lower end of the discharging pipe orifice is set in a duckbill shape to fully disperse the slurry of the mixed bottom mud repair agent. A protective cover 10 is arranged at the discharging pipe orifice to reduce the disturbance to the underlying bottom mud and overlying water. Multiple high-pressure cleaning devices are respectively arranged at both ends of the mud storage space in the mud tank, which are used to flush the residual slurry in time after the discharging process ends. The discharging rate of the self-propelled satellite mud tank is controlled by the propeller drive and the valve, and the discharging volume per linear meter is 0.1-0.25 m 3 。After the self-propelled satellite mud tank completes discharging along the predetermined route and designed volume, the underwater intelligent paving equipment is used to carry out the paving operation.

[0068] Specifically, the paving unit includes a paving ship 30. A compaction roller 31 is connected to the lower end of the paving ship 30, and the compaction roller 31 is connected to a power module 32; a positioning module 33 is connected to the paving ship 30.

[0069] Specifically, the paving ship 30 is a self-propelled unmanned intelligent positioning paving ship. The travel of the paving ship 30 is the same as that of the self-propelled satellite mud tank 27. When the discharging is completed, the paving ship 30 starts to enter the travel operation. The material of the hull support structure is preferably high-strength stainless steel with high strength, corrosion resistance and light weight, powered by a new energy battery, and regularly goes to the multi-functional hull working platform for charging. The paving device is mainly composed of a compaction roller 31. The diameter range of the roller is 0.3-0.5 m, which is solid steel wrapped with stainless steel material and flexibly connected by anchor chains on both sides. It is lifted during non-working periods and placed on the underwater mud surface during working periods, and is towed by the paving ship. It levels and compacts the mud material discharged on the mud surface by its gravity and rotary rolling.

[0070] Specifically, the positioning module 33 integrates a multi-beam sounder and a Beidou satellite navigation system, which can obtain underwater three-dimensional terrain data in real time to achieve precise positioning and navigation. The automatic control module integrates sensor data, positioning information and operation instructions to realize the automatic control of the paving operation and ensure the accuracy and uniformity of the paving operation.

[0071] This in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment for water body sediment is equipped with a cutter suction dredger 12, a multi-functional hull water working platform 13, and an automated underwater paving equipment 14. This equipment can achieve low-disturbance excavation, airtight transportation, classification treatment, resource utilization, and in-situ restoration of sediment, significantly reducing treatment costs and environmental risks.

[0072] A method for using an in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment for water body sediment includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: The cutter suction dredger 12 conducts dredging by cutter suction and transports the dredged sediment to the mud buffer bin 15 on the working platform through a pipeline. The first stirring device 16 inside the mud buffer bin 15 operates to ensure the uniform composition of the mud and prevent sedimentation.

[0074] Step 2: The mud entering the impurity removal tank 17 undergoes preliminary sedimentation and removal of large particles. The separation of large and heavy impurities such as stones, plastic products, and metal products is achieved by setting a grille and controlling the flow rate and residence time. The impurity removal tank 17 is connected to a drum screen 18 through a mud pump and a pipeline. The large particles with a particle size > 5 mm screened out by the drum screen 18 are used for landfilling outside.

[0075] The mud with a particle size ≤ 5 mm screened by the drum screen 18 is transported to a vibrating screen 19. The particles with a size of 2 - 5 mm are screened out for landfilling outside, and the remaining mud with a size ≤ 2 mm is collected and input into a multi-stage hydrocyclone system 20 for further screening.

[0076] The mud with a particle size of 20 μm - 2 mm screened by the multi-stage hydrocyclone system 20 is discharged from the underflow port and transported to the mud dewatering unit. The mud with a particle size less than 20 μm discharged from the overflow pipe of the multi-stage hydrocyclone system 20 enters the subsequent sediment purification unit.

[0077] Step 3: For the mud transported to the mud dewatering unit, a mechanical dewatering device 21 is used to reduce its moisture content to less than 55%, and then it is transported to the mixing and filling unit through a belt conveyor.

[0078] Step 4: For the mud transported to the sediment purification unit, the fine particles with a size ≤ 20 μm in the mud are treated by physical and chemical measures through a coagulation reactor 22, a high-intensity magnetic separation device 23, and a plate and frame filter press 24. Finally, through pressure filtration and dehydration, a mud cake with a moisture content lower than 40% is formed and then transported outside for onshore treatment and disposal.

[0079] Step 5: For the sediment transported to the mixing and filling unit, a sediment repair agent is added through a repair agent feeding device 25, and it is stirred and mixed by a second stirring device 26 to achieve the repair and improvement of the sediment. Then the mixed sediment is transported to a self-propelled satellite mud tank 27 for temporary storage.

[0080] Step 6, the self-propelled satellite mud tank 27 discharges materials according to a preset path: the slurry in the self-propelled satellite mud tank 27 enters the storage bin 1, then enters the mud inlet hopper 2, the motor 4 drives the propeller drive 3 to rotate, driving the slurry to be discharged from the discharge port 6, through the underwater discharge hose 8 and discharged from the duckbill discharge port 9 and conveyed to the mud-water interface; the discharge rate is 0.1 - 0.25 m per linear meter 3 ;

[0081] Step 7, the paving ship 30 drives the compaction roller 31 through the power module 32 to pave and compact the discharged slurry to form a clean layer of 0.2 - 0.4 m. The discharge rate of the self-propelled satellite mud tank is 0.1 - 0.25 m per linear meter 3 , and the tank capacity is 100 - 300 m 3 .

[0082] The in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment and usage method for the bottom mud of this water body incorporate green and safe restoration materials into the restored bottom mud, forming a protective layer on the surface of the sediment, achieving long-term in-situ restoration, significantly reducing the pollution release amount of the lower bottom mud; promoting the self-restoration and natural healthy succession of the water ecosystem, significantly improving the self-purification ability and water environment capacity of the water body. Through in-situ treatment and restoration, a large amount of bottom mud is avoided from being stacked and disposed of elsewhere, reducing the demand for the disposal space of dredged bottom mud by more than 70%; the in-situ paving and restoration of the bottom mud can form a clean layer with a thickness of 0.2 - 0.4 m, reducing the adverse impact on the water ecosystem and the risk of secondary pollution, and having significant environmental and economic benefits.

[0083] At the same time, the equipment integrates multiple links such as cutter suction dredging, slurry treatment, mixing and filling, and underwater paving, realizing the in-situ reduction and clean restoration of the bottom mud within the water area, without the need for land operations, avoiding the off-site transportation and treatment of the bottom mud, and significantly reducing the treatment cost and environmental pollution risk. It has flexible operation capabilities: the scale of the multi-functional hull working platform and the configuration of each treatment unit can be designed and built according to actual needs, and is equipped with a self-propelled satellite mud tank to realize the discharge of the restored bottom mud, enabling this process to quickly adapt to different operating environments and requirements, with high flexibility and scalability. Through the slurry separation unit and purification unit on the multi-functional hull working platform, efficient classification treatment of the bottom mud is achieved, while reducing the transportation cost of the dredged bottom mud and the demand for disposal space, reducing the use of chemical agents for bottom mud treatment, and reducing the impact on the environment. The equipment is equipped with an automated control system and an intelligent positioning module, which can monitor the slurry state in real time, adjust the treatment parameters, and achieve precise positioning and automated operation of underwater paving, improving the accuracy and uniformity of the operation, and reducing manual intervention. A low-disturbance environmental protection cutter suction dredger and wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material pipelines are used, reducing the secondary pollution to the water body. At the same time, new energy batteries are used to provide power for the underwater paving equipment and are charged regularly, meeting the green and low-carbon environmental protection concept.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ reduction and clean restoration device for water body sediment, characterized in that, It includes a cutter suction dredger (12), a multi-functional hull waterborne working platform (13), and an automated underwater paving equipment (14); The cutter suction dredger (12) is connected to the multi-functional hull waterborne working platform (13), and the automated underwater paving equipment (14) is used for subsequent underwater paving operations; The multi-functional hull waterborne working platform (13) includes a mud buffer unit, a mud separation unit, a mud dewatering unit, a bottom mud purification unit, and a mixing and filling unit; One end of the mud buffer unit is connected to the cutter suction dredger (12), and the other end is connected to the mud separation unit. The mud separation unit is respectively connected to the mud dewatering unit and the bottom mud purification unit, and the mud dewatering unit is connected to the mixing and filling unit; The automated underwater paving equipment (14) includes a discharging unit and a paving unit; the discharging unit is connected to the mixing and filling unit, and the paving unit is used to complete paving and compaction after discharging.

2. The in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment for water body sediment according to claim 1, wherein, The mud buffer unit includes a mud buffer bin (15) and a first stirring device (16), and the first stirring device (16) is arranged in the mud buffer bin (15); the mud buffer bin (15) is connected to the mud separation unit.

3. The in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment for water body bottom mud according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mud separation unit includes an impurity removal tank (17), a drum screen (18), a vibrating screen (19), and a multi-stage cyclone system (20). The drum screen (18), the vibrating screen (19), and the multi-stage cyclone system (20) are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the impurity removal tank (17). The multi-stage cyclone system (20) is respectively connected to the mud dewatering unit and the bottom mud purification unit.

4. The in-situ reduction and clean recovery equipment for water body sediment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mud dewatering unit includes a mechanical dewatering device (21). The upper end of the mechanical dewatering device (21) is connected to the multi-stage cyclone system (20), and the lower end is connected to the mixing and filling unit.

5. The in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment for water body sediment according to claim 3, characterized in that The bottom mud purification unit includes a coagulation reactor (22), a high-intensity magnetic separation device (23), and a plate and frame filter press (24). The coagulation reactor (22) is connected to the multi-stage cyclone system (20), the coagulation reactor (22) is subsequently connected to the high-intensity magnetic separation device (23), and the high-intensity magnetic separation device (23) is subsequently connected to the plate and frame filter press (24).

6. The in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment for water body sediment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mixing and filling unit includes a repair agent feeding device (25) and a second stirring device (26); the second stirring device (26) is arranged in a mud storage bin. The repair agent feeding device (25) is connected to the mud storage bin. The upper end of the mud storage bin is connected to the mechanical dewatering device (21), and the lower end is connected to the discharging unit.

7. The in-situ reduction and cleaning and restoration equipment for water body bottom mud according to claim 6, characterized in that, The discharging unit includes a self-propelled satellite mud tank (27). The self-propelled satellite mud tank (27) is connected to a storage bin (1), and the lower end of the storage bin (1) is connected to a discharging system (29); The said discharging system (29) includes a sludge inlet hopper (2), which is connected to the lower end of the storage bin (1). A propeller drive (3) is arranged in the sludge inlet hopper (2). One end of the propeller drive (3) is connected to a motor (4), and the other end is located at the discharge opening (6) of the sludge inlet hopper (2). A valve (7) is arranged at the discharge opening (6). The lower end of the discharge opening (6) is connected to an underwater discharge hose (8), and the lower end of the underwater discharge hose (8) is connected to a duckbill discharge port (9). A protective cover (10) is connected to the outside of the duckbill discharge port (9); High-pressure cleaning devices (11) are connected to the two side walls of the storage bin (1); A rigid toothed wing plate (5) is connected to the upper port of the sludge inlet hopper (2).

8. The in-situ reduction and clean restoration equipment for water body sediment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The said paving unit includes a paving barge (30). A compaction roller (31) is connected to the lower end of the paving barge (30), and the compaction roller (31) is connected to a power module (32); A positioning module (33) is connected to the paving barge (30).

9. A method for using an in-situ reduction and clean restoration device for water body sediment, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1, the cutter suction dredger (12) performs dredging by cutter suction and transports it to the mud buffer bin (15) on the working platform through a closed pipeline. The first stirring device (16) inside the mud buffer bin (15) operates to ensure the uniform composition of the mud and prevent precipitation; Step 2, the mud entering the impurity removal tank (17) is subjected to preliminary sedimentation and removal of large particles. By setting a grille and controlling the flow rate and residence time, the separation of large and heavy impurities such as stones, plastic products, and metal products is achieved. The impurity removal tank (17) is connected to a drum screen (18) through a mud pump and a pipeline. The large particles with a particle size > 5 mm are screened out by the drum screen (18) for external transportation and filling; The mud with a particle size ≤ 5 mm after being screened by the drum screen (18) is transported to a vibrating screen (19). The particles with a size of 2 - 5 mm are screened out for external transportation and filling, and the remaining mud with a size ≤ 2 mm is collected and input into a multi-stage cyclone system (20) for further screening; The mud with a particle size of 20 μm - 2 mm after being screened by the multi-stage cyclone system (20) is discharged from the underflow port and transported to the mud dewatering unit; The mud with a particle size less than 20 μm discharged from the overflow pipe of the multi-stage cyclone system (20) enters the subsequent bottom mud purification unit; Step 3, for the mud transported to the mud dewatering unit, a mechanical dewatering device (21) is used to reduce its moisture content to below 55%, and then it is transported to the mixing and filling unit through a belt conveyor; Step 4, for the mud transported to the bottom mud purification unit, the fine particles ≤ 20 μm of the mud are treated by physical and chemical measures through a coagulation reactor (22), a high-intensity magnetic separation device (23), and a plate and frame filter press (24). Finally, through pressure filtration and dehydration, a mud cake with a moisture content lower than 40% is formed and then transported to land for treatment and disposal; Step 5, for the bottom mud transported to the mixing and filling unit, a bottom mud repair agent is added through a repair agent feeding device (25) and stirred and mixed by a second stirring device (26) to achieve the repair and improvement of the bottom mud. Then the mixed bottom mud is transported to a self-propelled satellite mud tank (27) for temporary storage; Step 6, the self-propelled satellite mud tank (27) discharges materials according to a preset path; the slurry in the self-propelled satellite mud tank (27) enters the storage bin (1), then enters the mud inlet hopper (2), the motor (4) drives the propeller drive (3) to rotate, driving the slurry to be discharged from the discharge port (6), through the underwater discharge hose (8) and discharged from the duckbill discharge port (9) and conveyed to the mud-water interface; Step 7, the spreading ship (30) drives the compaction roller (31) through the power module (32) to spread and compact the discharged slurry to form a clean layer of 0.2 - 0.4 m.

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