Special-shaped building structure construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for a special-shaped building structure. The construction method comprises the steps of digital modeling and load analysis, dynamic supporting cooperative regulation and control, formwork deformation compensation, intelligent pouring closed-loop control, multi-mode directional maintenance, completion digital modeling and the like. According to the method, a full-process closed-loop control system for special-shaped building construction is constructed, and through key technical breakthroughs such as intelligent support dynamic shape adjustment, accurate concrete forming and directional excitation of material performance, the pain points such as large error, poor quality and low efficiency of a traditional process are systematically solved. In the construction process, the digital technology runs through all the time, accurate implementation of a complex structure is guaranteed, a foundation is laid for long-term operation and maintenance of the building, and the economical efficiency and reliability of the special-shaped building are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a construction method for a special-shaped building structure. Background Art

[0002] A special-shaped building structure is an irregular building structure. During the structural construction process, due to its irregular characteristics, many troubles will occur. Therefore, the construction of a special-shaped building structure is very different from that of a traditional regular building, and construction methods need to be formulated according to the shape.

[0003] However, there are certain drawbacks in the traditional construction of special-shaped building structures. First of all, the fixed support system is difficult to adapt to the dynamic load changes of the curved surface structure. During the construction process, the structural deformation accumulates seriously, resulting in a forming deviation often exceeding ±15 mm, and a large amount of manual correction is required in the later stage. Secondly, conventional pouring processes are prone to defects such as cold joints and cavities in the areas of sudden curvature changes, and the porosity generally exceeds 5%, affecting the structural durability, and the rework rate is as high as 12%. Moreover, the overall curing ignores the differences in local material properties, the strength dispersion coefficient exceeds 0.25, and microcracks are prone to appear in the high-curvature areas, shortening the structural life by more than 30%. In addition, the data in the modeling, construction, and detection links are isolated, and the deviation between the as-built model and the entity often reaches ±10 mm, and there is a lack of accurate digital benchmarks in the operation and maintenance stage. For the problems in the related technologies, no effective solutions have been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method for a special-shaped building structure aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, aiming to solve the technical problem that "model optimization and conflict detection mainly consider the spatial position of components while ignoring the parameters and attributes of components, which may lead to incomplete detection and failure to discover some potential problems".

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A construction method for a special-shaped building structure, comprising the following steps: Digital modeling and load analysis: Extract the curvature distribution characteristics and stress concentration areas of the special-shaped structure based on the building information model, and generate a three-dimensional construction parameter matrix including key control points; Dynamic support collaborative regulation: Construct an adjustable support system linked with the curvature distribution characteristics, and perform multi-node collaborative adjustment according to real-time deformation data; Formwork deformation compensation: Use deformation induction technology to eliminate the installation error of the formwork system, and establish a dynamic compensation mechanism between the formwork deformation amount and the rheological properties of concrete; Intelligent pouring closed-loop control: Perform layered and gradual pouring operations, and control the concrete forming shape through the fusion of multi-source sensing data; Multi-modal directional maintenance: Implement partitioned directional maintenance that matches the curvature distribution characteristics of the special-shaped structure, and dynamically adjust the maintenance parameters to optimize the material properties; Completion digital modeling: Generate a structural health assessment benchmark model by digitally comparing and analyzing construction deviations.

[0006] Through the described construction method, the construction efficiency and quality of special-shaped building structures can be well improved, various deviations during construction can be reduced, the amount of manual correction work in the later stage can be reduced, the strength and durability of the overall structure can be enhanced, the probability of cracks can be reduced, and the service life of the overall structure can be extended; moreover, construction can be combined with digitalization, which is beneficial to the intelligent application of building construction.

[0007] The present invention constructs a full-process closed-loop control system for the construction of special-shaped buildings. Through key technical breakthroughs such as intelligent support dynamic shape adjustment, precise concrete forming, and directional excitation of material properties, it systematically solves the pain points of large errors, poor quality, and low efficiency in traditional processes. During the construction process, digital technology runs through the whole process, which not only ensures the precise implementation of complex structures but also lays a foundation for the long-term operation and maintenance of buildings, significantly improving the economy and reliability of special-shaped buildings.

[0008] Furthermore, the digital modeling and load analysis include the following steps: Combine terrestrial laser scanners with UAV oblique photography to obtain three-dimensional geographical information data of the construction site; Construct a BIM model of the special-shaped structure based on the NURBS algorithm, including material properties, connection nodes, and prestress parameter characteristic information; Apply an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for load path analysis to identify the main stress transfer path, curvature mutation area, and potential weak area, where the curvature change rate in the curvature mutation area ≥ 0.1 / m² and the safety factor in the potential weak area < 1.8; Output the three-dimensional construction parameter matrix including the coordinates of key control points, the thickness of layered pouring, and the stiffness value of support points.

[0009] Furthermore, the dynamic support collaborative control includes the following steps: According to the curvature distribution characteristics, divide the surface of the special-shaped structure into high-curvature areas, medium-curvature areas, and low-curvature areas, and arrange hydraulic support points at intervals of 0.5R, 0.3R + 0.6m, and 0.2R + 1.5m respectively. Each hydraulic support point is equipped with an inclination sensor and a pressure transmitter, where R is the radius of curvature; Collect the displacement data of the special-shaped structure through a distributed optical fiber sensing network, with a sampling frequency not less than 50Hz. The displacement data is processed by Kalman filtering to generate a real-time deformation cloud map; When the displacement difference between adjacent hydraulic support points is detected to exceed L / 1000, where L is the structural span, the three-level adjustment mechanism is activated: Level I deviation, L / 1000 to L / 800, triggers an early warning and records the deviation data; Level II deviation, L / 800 to L / 600, performs preventive fine-tuning; Level III deviation, exceeding L / 600, initiates emergency coordinated adjustment; After each adjustment is completed, the system is left to stand for several minutes, and the coordinates of the hydraulic support points are re-measured using a laser tracker. When the residual displacement difference exceeds 50% of the allowable value, a secondary compensation adjustment is triggered.

[0010] Furthermore, the three-level regulation mechanism specifically includes: When the displacement difference is between L / 1000 and L / 800, a Level I deviation response is performed, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, deviation data is recorded, and a potential risk heat map is automatically generated; When the displacement difference is between L / 800 and L / 600, level II deviation processing is performed and preventive fine-tuning is performed. The steps are as follows: Calculate the theoretical adjustment amount Δ=K×δ, where K is the attenuation coefficient and δ is the measured deviation; The adjustment is carried out in two batches, the first batch adjusts 60% of the theoretical adjustment amount, and the remaining 40% is adjusted after an interval of 2 minutes; During the adjustment process, multiple adjacent hydraulic support points are locked to maintain local stability; When the displacement difference exceeds L / 600, the Class III deviation emergency adjustment is performed and automatically executed after startup: Increase the output pressure of the hydraulic pump station to 120% of the normal value; Shorten the adjustment interval to 5 seconds / batch; Upload adjustment data to the remote monitoring center in real time and initiate emergency alarm.

[0011] Furthermore, the template deformation compensation comprises the following steps: Pre-treat the template before assembly, use a hot air circulation system to heat the template to 40-50°C, keep it warm for 2 hours, and then naturally cool it to room temperature to eliminate the stress inside the template; After assembly, the actual surface is compared with the design model through 3D laser scanning, and graded compensation is implemented for areas with deviations greater than 2mm: When the deviation is 2-3mm, first-level compensation is performed, local pressure treatment is applied, the pressure value is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the duration is 10-15 minutes; When the deviation is 3-5mm, secondary compensation is performed, combining heating and pressurization. When the deviation exceeds 5 mm, three-level compensation is performed, the prefabricated compensation module is replaced and the joint is reshaped; After the compensation is completed, the seam sealing reinforcement operation is carried out.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for strengthening the seam sealing includes: Use an ion surface treatment machine to clean the joint area; Use two-component spraying equipment to spray the primer and topcoat alternately; Apply uniform pressure during curing, and use water jet cutting to take samples and test after curing to ensure that the bonding strength is ≥2.5MPa.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent pouring closed-loop control specifically includes the following steps: Three-dimensional path planning: Generate a spatial spiral casting path based on the BIM model. The spacing S of the casting path is dynamically adjusted according to the expansion of the concrete. The calculation formula is S=0.8D+50mm, D is the measured expansion value, and the adjustment step length does not exceed 100mm; Monitoring of pouring process: a laser thickness gauge is set at the outlet of the pouring pipe to monitor the layer thickness fluctuation in real time; temperature-strain composite sensors are arranged at intervals along the pouring path to monitor the state of concrete. When the temperature gradient is greater than 15°C / m or the strain rate is less than 0.03% / s, the pouring speed is automatically reduced to 50% of the original rate; Quality feedback adjustment: After each layer is poured, the impact echo method is used to detect the density. The coordinates of the area with a porosity greater than 2% are marked, and enhanced maintenance is implemented in this area during the subsequent maintenance stage.

[0014] Furthermore, the multi-modal directional maintenance includes the following steps: The strategy of zoned directional maintenance is adopted, which is divided into: the core load-bearing area, which is subjected to microwave-steam composite maintenance; the transition area, which is covered with electric heating blankets for maintenance; and the free end area, which is subjected to the application of intelligent moisturizing film system; Collect concrete resistivity data every few hours. When the resistivity change rate is greater than 5% / h, adjust the maintenance parameters: Evaluation of maintenance effect: After the maintenance is completed, the surface of the structure is scanned with an infrared thermal imager. Areas with temperature differences greater than 8°C require additional maintenance.

[0015] Furthermore, the control logic of the intelligent moisturizing membrane system is as follows: Each membrane unit integrates a capacitive humidity sensor that uploads data every 15 minutes; When the humidity is less than 90%, the micro-atomizer is started to spray deionized water mist, and the spray volume Q=0.1×A×(90-H)%, where A is the area and H is the real-time humidity; If the humidity still does not meet the standard after three consecutive water replenishments, the spare moisturizing felt layer will be automatically deployed and a maintenance alarm will be issued.

[0016] Furthermore, the steps for implementing the as-built digital modeling are as follows: Within 24 hours after form removal, use a terrestrial three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain the structural point cloud data. The scanning station spacing ≤ 3m, and the scanning time per station ≥ 5 minutes; Register the structural point cloud data obtained by scanning with the BIM model to establish a digital twin model including geometric errors, material properties, and environmental parameters; Conduct finite element analysis on the area with deviation > 3mm to calculate the stress redistribution. When the local stress concentration coefficient is greater than 1.5, add a reinforcement mark in the digital twin model to generate an operation and maintenance guidance document.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This construction method can effectively improve the construction efficiency and quality of special-shaped building structures, reduce various deviations during construction, reduce the manual correction workload in the later stage, improve the strength and durability of the overall structure, reduce the probability of cracks, and extend the service life of the overall structure; moreover, it can combine digitalization for construction, which is conducive to the intelligent application of building construction; 2. The intelligent dynamic support system can actively adapt to structural deformation, effectively solve the problem of error accumulation in the construction of complex curved surfaces, ensure a high degree of coincidence between the building entity and the design model, and greatly improve the forming accuracy of special-shaped structures; 3. The pouring control strategy takes into account the rheological properties of concrete and the feedback of formwork deformation, significantly reducing quality defects such as cold joints and cavities, and bringing the integrity and durability of special-shaped structures to a new level; 4. The zoned and directional curing technology breaks through the limitations of traditional homogeneous curing, precisely regulates according to the material phase change requirements of different structural parts, fully stimulates the strength potential of concrete, and ensures the balanced development of structural performance; 5. The closed-loop construction system realizes the accurate estimation and dynamic adjustment of material usage, effectively avoids waste caused by over-pouring, and at the same time significantly reduces energy consumption through process optimization, meeting the concept of green construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a construction method for a special-shaped building structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0021] Combined with Figure 1 As shown, a construction method for a special-shaped building structure includes the following steps: Step 1, Digital Modeling and Load Analysis: Extract the curvature distribution characteristics and stress concentration areas of the special-shaped structure based on the building information model, and generate a three-dimensional construction parameter matrix containing key control points; Step 2, Dynamic Support Coordination and Regulation: Construct an adjustable support system linked to the curvature distribution characteristics, and implement multi-node collaborative adjustment according to real-time deformation data; Step 3, Template Deformation Compensation: Use deformation-induced technology to eliminate the installation error of the template system, and establish a dynamic compensation mechanism between the template deformation amount and the rheological properties of concrete; Step 4, Intelligent Pouring Closed-loop Control: Perform layered and gradual pouring operations, and control the concrete forming shape through multi-source sensing data fusion; Step 5, Multi-modal Directional Curing: Implement partitioned directional curing matching the curvature distribution characteristics of the special-shaped structure, and dynamically adjust the curing parameters to optimize the material properties; Step 6, Completion Digital Modeling: Analyze the construction deviation through digital comparison, and generate a structural health assessment benchmark model.

[0022] Through the above construction method, the construction efficiency and quality of the special-shaped building structure can be well improved, various deviations during the construction process can be reduced, the workload of manual correction in the later stage can be reduced, the strength and durability of the overall structure can be improved, the probability of cracks can be reduced, and the service life of the overall structure can be extended; moreover, it can be combined with digitalization for construction, which is conducive to the intelligent application of building construction.

[0023] The intelligent dynamic support system can actively adapt to the structural deformation, effectively solve the problem of error accumulation in the construction of complex curved surfaces, ensure a high degree of coincidence between the building entity and the design model, and greatly improve the forming accuracy of the special-shaped structure.

[0024] The pouring control strategy takes into account the rheological properties of concrete and the template deformation feedback, significantly reduces quality defects such as cold joints and cavities, and raises the integrity and durability of the special-shaped structure to a new level.

[0025] The partition-oriented maintenance technology breaks through the limitations of traditional homogeneous maintenance, precisely regulates the material phase change requirements of different structural parts, fully stimulates the strength potential of concrete, and ensures the balanced development of structural performance.

[0026] The closed-loop construction system realizes the precise estimation and dynamic adjustment of material usage, effectively avoids waste caused by over-pouring, and at the same time significantly reduces energy consumption through process optimization, meeting the concept of green construction.

[0027] Furthermore, the digital modeling and load analysis specifically include the following steps: Step 101: Combine ground laser scanners with drone oblique photography to obtain three-dimensional geographic information data of the construction site. The accuracy of the laser scanner is within ±0.5mm, and the pixel resolution of the drone camera is not less than 2mm / pixel. Step 102: Build a BIM model of the special-shaped structure based on the NURBS algorithm. The accuracy level of the BIM model is LOD400, including material properties, connection nodes, prestress parameter characteristic information, etc. Step 103: Apply the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for load path analysis to identify the principal stress transfer path, curvature mutation area, and potential weak area, and the curvature change rate in the curvature mutation area ≥ 0.1 / m², and the safety factor in the potential weak area < 1.8. Step 104: Output the three-dimensional construction parameter matrix including key control point coordinates (error ≤ ±3mm), layered pouring thickness (gradient difference ≤ 50mm), and support point stiffness value (error ±5%).

[0028] Furthermore, the three-dimensional construction parameter matrix includes: Spatial coordinate transformation: Register the design coordinate system and the construction coordinate system, and control the registration error within ±1.5mm. Construction error pre-compensation: According to historical construction data, preset a positive compensation amount of 0.3 - 0.8% for the areas prone to deviation. Generate machine-readable instructions: Encode the parameter matrix into a JSON format file, including support point adjustment amount (accuracy 0.1mm), pouring path coordinates (accuracy ±2mm), and an executable instruction set for maintenance parameter thresholds.

[0029] Furthermore, the dynamic support collaborative regulation includes the following steps: Step 201: According to the curvature distribution characteristics, divide the surface of the special-shaped structure into high-curvature areas (R ≤ 3m), medium-curvature areas (3m < R ≤ 10m), and low-curvature areas (R > 10m), and arrange hydraulic support points at intervals of 0.5R, 0.3R + 0.6m, and 0.2R + 1.5m respectively. Each hydraulic support point is equipped with an inclination sensor and a pressure transmitter, where R is the radius of curvature. Step 202: collect displacement data of the special-shaped structure through a distributed optical fiber sensor network, with a sampling frequency of not less than 50 Hz, and generate a real-time deformation cloud map after the displacement data is processed by Kalman filtering; Step 203: When the displacement difference between the adjacent hydraulic support points is monitored to be more than L / 1000, where L is the structural span, a three-level adjustment mechanism is started, specifically, level I deviation, L / 1000 to L / 800, triggering an early warning and recording deviation data; level II deviation, L / 800 to L / 600, performing preventive fine-tuning; level III deviation, exceeding L / 600, starting emergency coordinated adjustment; Step 204: After each adjustment is completed, the system is left to stand for several minutes, and the coordinates of the hydraulic support points are re-measured using a laser tracker. When the residual displacement difference exceeds 50% of the allowable value, a secondary compensation adjustment is triggered.

[0030] Furthermore, the three-level regulation mechanism specifically includes: When the displacement difference is between L / 1000 and L / 800, a Level I deviation response is performed, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and deviation data is recorded. The system automatically generates a potential risk thermal map.

[0031] When the displacement difference is between L / 800 and L / 600, level II deviation processing is performed and preventive fine-tuning is performed. The steps are as follows: Calculate the theoretical adjustment amount Δ=K×δ, where K is the attenuation coefficient, with a value of 0.3-0.5, and δ is the measured deviation; The adjustment is carried out in two batches, the first batch adjusts 60% of the theoretical adjustment amount, and the remaining 40% is adjusted after an interval of 2 minutes; During the adjustment process, three adjacent hydraulic support points are locked to maintain local stability.

[0032] When the displacement difference exceeds L / 600, the Class III deviation emergency adjustment is performed and automatically executed after startup: Increase the output pressure of the hydraulic pump station to 120% of the normal value; Shorten the adjustment interval to 5 seconds / batch; Upload adjustment data to the remote monitoring center in real time and initiate emergency alarm.

[0033] Furthermore, the template deformation compensation comprises the following steps: Step 301, pre-treat the template before assembly, use a hot air circulation system to heat the template to 40-50°C, keep it warm for 2 hours, and then naturally cool it to room temperature to eliminate the internal stress of the template material; Step 302: After the assembly is completed, the actual curved surface is compared with the design model through 3D laser scanning, and graded compensation is performed for areas with deviations greater than 2 mm, as follows: When the deviation is 2-3mm, first-level compensation is performed, local pressure treatment is applied, the pressure value is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the duration is 10-15 minutes; When the deviation is 3-5mm, secondary compensation is carried out, combining heating (60-70℃) and pressurization (0.3-0.5MPa) double treatment; When the deviation exceeds 5 mm, three-level compensation is performed, the prefabricated compensation module is replaced and the joint is reshaped; Step 303: After the compensation is completed, the seam sealing and strengthening operation is performed.

[0034] Furthermore, the method for strengthening the seam sealing includes: (1) Use an ion surface treatment machine to clean the joint area, with a processing power of 300W and a moving speed of 0.5m / min; (2) Use two-component spraying equipment to alternately spray the primer (epoxy resin) and the topcoat (polyurethane), with a spraying pressure of 0.4-0.6MPa and an interval of 15-20 minutes between layers; (3) Apply a uniform pressure of 0.05-0.1MPa during curing. After curing, use water jet cutting to take samples for testing to ensure that the bonding strength is ≥2.5MPa.

[0035] Furthermore, the intelligent pouring closed-loop control specifically includes the following steps: Step 401, 3D path planning: Generate a spatial spiral casting path based on the BIM model, the spacing S of the casting path is dynamically adjusted according to the expansion degree of concrete, the calculation formula is S=0.8D+50mm, D is the measured expansion value, and the adjustment step length does not exceed 100mm; Step 402, monitoring the pouring process: a laser thickness gauge is set at the outlet of the pouring pipe to monitor the layer thickness fluctuation in real time (allowable deviation ±3%); a temperature-strain composite sensor is arranged every 1.5m along the pouring path to monitor the concrete state, and when the temperature gradient is greater than 15°C / m or the strain rate is less than 0.03% / s, the pouring speed is automatically reduced to 50% of the original rate; Step 403, quality feedback adjustment: after each layer is poured, the density is detected by the impact echo method, and the coordinates of the area with porosity > 2% are marked. In the subsequent maintenance stage, enhanced maintenance is implemented for this area. The implementation method of the impact echo method detection is as follows: measurement point arrangement: detection points are arranged according to a 1m×1m grid, and the high stress area is encrypted to 0.5m×0.5m; data acquisition: an automatic excitation device is used to apply a 5kHz pulse wave, and the reflected signal is received by a three-axis accelerometer; defect analysis: a waveform feature library is established, and when the amplitude attenuation rate > 40% and the frequency offset > 15% are detected, it is determined to be a defective area, and the positioning accuracy is ±50mm.

[0036] Furthermore, the multi-modal directional maintenance includes the following steps: Step 501: Adopt the strategy of zoned and directional curing, which is divided into the following parts respectively: Core load-bearing area: Implement microwave-steam combined curing, with a microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz, a power density of 0.8 - 1.2 W / cm², and a steam pressure of 0.12 MPa; Transition area: Adopt electric blanket covering for curing, and control the temperature gradient within 5 °C / m; Free end area: Apply an intelligent moisture preservation film system to automatically adjust the humidity inside the film (maintaining 90 - 95% RH).

[0037] Step 502: Collect concrete resistivity data every 4 hours. When the resistivity change rate is greater than 5% / h, adjust the curing parameters as follows: Area where resistivity rises too fast: Increase the microwave power by 10% and extend the curing time by 1 h; Area where resistivity rises too slowly: Increase the steam injection frequency to 2 times / h.

[0038] Step 503: Curing effect evaluation: After the curing is completed, use an infrared thermal imager to scan the surface of the structure. Areas with a temperature difference greater than 8 °C need to be supplemented with curing.

[0039] Furthermore, the control logic of the intelligent moisture preservation film system is as follows: (1) Each film unit integrates a capacitive humidity sensor and uploads data every 15 minutes; (2) When the humidity < 90%, start the micro atomizer to spray deionized water mist, and the spraying volume Q = 0.1 × A × (90 - H)%, where A is the area of the region and H is the real-time humidity; (3) When the humidity still does not meet the standard after continuous water replenishment 3 times, automatically unfold the spare moisture preservation felt layer and send out a maintenance alarm at the same time.

[0040] Furthermore, the steps for implementing the as-built digital modeling are as follows: Step 601: Within 24 hours after form removal, use a ground 3D laser scanner (accuracy ±0.5 mm) to obtain the structural point cloud data, with the scanning station spacing ≤ 3 m and the scanning time per station ≥ 5 minutes; Step 602: Register the structural point cloud data obtained by scanning with the BIM model to establish a digital twin model including geometric errors, material properties, and environmental parameters; Step 603: Conduct finite element analysis on areas with deviations > 3 mm, calculate the stress redistribution situation. When the local stress concentration coefficient is greater than 1.5, add reinforcement marks in the digital twin model and generate an operation and maintenance guidance document. Example 2

[0041] An experimental comparison was made between the construction method of the special-shaped building structure provided in Embodiment 1 and the traditional construction method. Indicators such as support displacement deviation (displacement deviation), concrete porosity (porosity), strength dispersion coefficient, model registration error (error), and energy consumption per unit volume for curing were measured and analyzed. The comparison results are shown in the following table.

[0042] Table 1: Data table of comparative experiments

[0043] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the traditional method, indicators such as support displacement deviation, concrete porosity, strength dispersion coefficient, model registration error, and energy consumption per unit volume for curing under this construction method have been significantly reduced. In particular, the support displacement deviation and model registration error have been reduced by more than 80%, achieving very good construction effects.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction method for a special-shaped building structure, characterized in that, The steps include: Digital modeling and load analysis: Extract the curvature distribution characteristics and stress concentration areas of special-shaped structures based on the building information model, and generate a three-dimensional construction parameter matrix containing key control points; Dynamic support collaborative regulation: construct an adjustable support system linked to the curvature distribution characteristics, and implement multi-node collaborative regulation based on real-time deformation data; Formwork deformation compensation: Use deformation induction technology to eliminate formwork system installation errors and establish a dynamic compensation mechanism for formwork deformation and concrete rheological properties; Intelligent pouring closed-loop control: Execute layered and gradual pouring operations and control the concrete forming form through multi-source sensor data fusion; Multimodal directional curing: implementing zoned directional curing that matches the curvature distribution characteristics of the special-shaped structure, and dynamically adjusting curing parameters to optimize material properties; As-built digital modeling: Analyze construction deviations through digital comparison and generate a benchmark model for structural health assessment.

2. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The digital modeling and load analysis include the following steps: Use a combination of ground laser scanners and drone oblique photography to obtain three-dimensional geographic information data of the construction site; Construct a BIM model of special-shaped structures based on the NURBS algorithm, including material properties, connection nodes, and prestress parameter feature information; The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to analyze the load path, identify the principal stress transfer path, curvature mutation zone and potential weak zone, and the curvature change rate of the curvature mutation zone is ≥ 0.1 / m², and the safety factor of the potential weak zone is < 1.8; Output the three-dimensional construction parameter matrix including the coordinates of key control points, layered pouring thickness, and support point stiffness values.

3. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic support coordinated regulation comprises the following steps: According to the curvature distribution characteristics, the surface of the special-shaped structure is divided into a high curvature area, a medium curvature area, and a low curvature area, and hydraulic support points are arranged at intervals of 0.5R, 0.3R+0.6m, and 0.2R+1.5m, respectively. Each hydraulic support point is equipped with an inclination sensor and a pressure transmitter, where R is the radius of curvature; The displacement data of the special-shaped structure is collected through a distributed optical fiber sensor network, and the sampling frequency is not less than 50Hz. The displacement data is processed by Kalman filtering to generate a real-time deformation cloud map; When it is monitored that the displacement difference between adjacent hydraulic support points exceeds L / 1000, where L is the structural span, the three-level adjustment mechanism is activated; After each adjustment is completed, the system is left to stand for several minutes, and the coordinates of the hydraulic support points are re-measured using a laser tracker. When the residual displacement difference exceeds 50% of the allowable value, a secondary compensation adjustment is triggered.

4. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 3, characterized in that The three-level regulation mechanism specifically includes: When the displacement difference is between L / 1000 and L / 800, a Level I deviation response is performed, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, deviation data is recorded, and a potential risk heat map is automatically generated; When the displacement difference is between L / 800 and L / 600, level II deviation processing is performed and preventive fine-tuning is performed. The steps are as follows: Calculate the theoretical adjustment amount Δ=K×δ, where K is the attenuation coefficient and δ is the measured deviation; The adjustment is carried out in two batches, the first batch adjusts 60% of the theoretical adjustment amount, and the remaining 40% is adjusted after an interval of 2 minutes; During the adjustment process, multiple adjacent hydraulic support points are locked to maintain local stability; When the displacement difference exceeds L / 600, perform emergency adjustment of Class III deviation, and automatically execute after startup: Increase the output pressure of the lifting hydraulic pump station to 120% of the normal value; Shorten the adjustment interval time to 5 seconds / batch; Upload the adjustment data to the remote monitoring center in real time and activate the emergency alarm.

5. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The template deformation compensation includes the following steps: Pre-treat the template before assembly. Use a hot air circulation system to heat the template to 40 - 50 °C, keep it warm for 2 hours, and then naturally cool it to room temperature to eliminate the internal stress of the template; After assembly, compare the actual curved surface with the design model through 3D laser scanning, and implement hierarchical compensation for areas with deviations greater than 2 mm: When the deviation is between 2 - 3 mm, perform primary compensation, apply local pressure treatment, with a pressure value of 0.1 - 0.3 MPa and a duration of 10 - 15 minutes; When the deviation is between 3 - 5 mm, perform secondary compensation, and apply a combination of heating and pressure treatment; When the deviation exceeds 5 mm, perform tertiary compensation, replace the prefabricated compensation module and perform joint reshaping; After compensation is completed, perform joint sealing strengthening operation.

6. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 5, characterized in that The method of the joint sealing strengthening includes: Clean the joint area using an ion surface treatment machine; Use a two-component spraying device to alternately spray the primer and the topcoat; Apply uniform pressure during curing, and use the water jet cutting method to take samples for testing after curing to ensure that the bonding strength ≥ 2.5 MPa.

7. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent pouring closed-loop control specifically includes the following steps: Three-dimensional path planning: Generate a spatial spiral pouring path based on the BIM model. The spacing S of the pouring path is dynamically adjusted according to the concrete spread, and the calculation formula is S = 0.8D + 50 mm, where D is the measured spread value, and the adjustment step size does not exceed 100 mm; Pouring process monitoring: Set a laser thickness gauge at the outlet of the pouring pipe to monitor the layer thickness fluctuation in real time; Arrange temperature-strain composite sensors at intervals along the pouring path to monitor the concrete state. When the monitored temperature gradient is greater than 15 °C / m or the strain rate is less than 0.03% / s, automatically reduce the pouring speed to 50% of the original speed; Quality feedback adjustment: After each layer of pouring is completed, use the impact echo method to detect the density, mark the coordinates of the areas with a porosity greater than 2%, and implement enhanced curing for these areas during the subsequent curing stage.

8. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-modal directional curing includes the following steps: Adopt the strategy of the partitioned directional curing, which are respectively divided into: the core load-bearing area, implementing microwave-steam composite curing; the transition area, using an electric blanket for covering and curing; the free end area, applying an intelligent moisture-keeping film system; Collect the concrete resistivity data every few hours. When the resistivity change rate is greater than 5% / h, adjust the curing parameters: Curing effect evaluation: After curing is completed, scan the surface of the structure using an infrared thermal imager, and areas with a temperature difference greater than 8 °C need to be supplemented with curing.

9. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control logic of the intelligent moisture-keeping film system is as follows: Each film unit integrates a capacitive humidity sensor and uploads data every 15 minutes; When the humidity < 90%, start the micro atomizer to spray deionized water mist, and the spraying volume Q = 0.1×A×(90 - H)%, where A is the area of the region and H is the real-time humidity; When the humidity still fails to reach the standard after three consecutive water replenishments, the spare moisture-proof felt layer will be automatically deployed, and a maintenance alarm will be issued simultaneously.

10. The construction method of the special-shaped building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps for implementing the completed digital modeling are as follows: Within 24 hours after form removal, use a ground three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain structural point cloud data. The scanning station spacing ≤ 3m, and the scanning time per station ≥ 5 minutes; Register the structural point cloud data obtained by scanning with the BIM model to establish a digital twin model including geometric errors, material properties, and environmental parameters; Conduct finite element analysis on areas with deviations > 3mm, calculate the stress redistribution situation. When the local stress concentration coefficient is greater than 1.5, add reinforcement marks in the digital twin model to generate an operation and maintenance guidance document.

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