Jet emission structure and hydraulic pulse fracturing tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic fracturing in petroleum engineering, and particularly discloses a jet flow emitting structure and a hydraulic pulse fracturing tool, the jet flow emitting structure comprises a cavity, the upper end and the lower end in the cavity are communicated with a jet flow outlet and a jet flow inlet respectively, and the wall face of the jet flow outlet inclines outwards; at least two spoilers are arranged in a cavity between the jet flow outlet and the jet flow inlet, a first flow channel is arranged between every two adjacent spoilers, the inlet end and the outlet end of each first flow channel are communicated with the jet flow inlet and the jet flow outlet respectively, and second flow channels are formed between the cavity and the spoilers. And the inlet end and the outlet end of the second flow channel are respectively communicated with the inlet end and the outlet end of the first flow channel. The jet flow emitting structure is adopted to act on the stratum in a low-frequency pulse mode, the jet flow can automatically form periodical emitting direction changes, the permeation effect when the jet flow acts on a thin oil layer is improved, the jet flow element is made to rotate through the driving device, a more complex seam net structure is conveniently formed in the stratum, and the crude oil seepage capacity is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic fracturing in petroleum engineering, and specifically to a jet emission structure and a hydraulic pulse fracturing tool. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, China has increased the development efforts for low-permeability and ultra-low-permeability oilfields. The successful development of radial well (i.e., horizontal well) technology has become one of the effective means for developing low-permeability and ultra-low-permeability oilfields. Based on horizontal well drilling, the build-up rate is increased so that window opening, well deviation, and horizontal section drilling are all completed within the same oil layer. Such ultra-short radius radial horizontal well technology can revive old wells, greatly increase the oil well production and the crude oil recovery rate, and is one of the effective means for old well reconstruction, reservoir potential tapping, and stable production and increased production in oilfields, especially suitable for the development of oil reservoirs such as thin oil layers, vertical fractures, heavy oil, and low permeability.

[0003] Conventional hydraulic fracturing usually uses a large displacement pumping method on the ground for fracturing. However, for the complex wellbore structure of ultra-short radius sidetracks and relatively thin oil layers, it is difficult for conventional hydraulic fracturing to achieve relatively precise thin layer fracturing, and it is even more difficult to form a complex fracture network structure in thin oil layers.

[0004] The patent literature (Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN108915659B) discloses a hydraulic pulse fracturing tool. When this tool is used, it is connected to the end of the fracturing string. High-pressure fracturing fluid (jet) is injected from the ground. The high-pressure fracturing fluid enters the cylinder from the opening at the top of the outer cylinder, flows through a streamlined nose cone for rectification to reduce the liquid resistance. The high-pressure fracturing fluid continues to flow through the driving device, deceleration device, and pulse modulation device in sequence, driving the screw to rotate. The screw drives the intermediate shaft to rotate, and the intermediate shaft drives the planetary gear mechanism to operate. The planetary gear mechanism is a transmission method with the sun gear as the driving gear and the internally meshing central gear as the driven gear, with speed reduction and opposite rotation directions. The internally meshing central gear drives the pulse ring valve to rotate. The four through holes on the hub of the pulsating ring valve and the pulse holes on the outer cylinder can control the changes in flow rate and pressure through the changes in the opening degree during relative rotation, thereby forming a regular pulse wave. The pulse wave repeatedly impacts the formation, causing fatigue failure of the rock. However, after the slurry is injected at one place in the pressure string, the slurry will return to the pulse valve outlet after being blocked by the front end of the string, slowing down the impact force, or due to the pressure drop loss caused by fluid backflow, reducing the energy utilization efficiency, having little guiding and agitating effect on the fracturing fluid, causing a large impact on the casing during fracturing, with poor fracturing effect, and affecting the fracturing effect of the backend after fracturing at one place, and even causing insufficient driving force of the driving device, resulting in relatively shallow fractures or inability to form a more complex fracture network structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a jet emission structure, which can reduce the energy loss of the jet, can make the jet automatically form a periodic change in the emission direction, and improve the penetration effect when the jet acts on a thin oil layer.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A jet emission structure includes a chamber, a jet outlet and a jet inlet are respectively communicated with the upper and lower ends in the chamber, the wall surface of the jet outlet inclines outwards, at least two spoiler plates are arranged in the chamber between the jet outlet and the jet inlet, a first flow channel is formed between adjacent spoiler plates, the inlet and outlet ends of the first flow channel are respectively communicated with the jet inlet and the jet outlet, a second flow channel is formed between the chamber and the spoiler plates, and the inlet and outlet ends of the second flow channel are respectively communicated with the inlet and outlet ends of the first flow channel.

[0008] In a further aspect, the position of the first flow channel close to the jet outlet is in a bracket shape, and the middle part of the bracket is communicated with the outlet end of the second flow channel, and the inner wall surface of the bracket is used for guiding the jet to the wall surface of the jet outlet.

[0009] In a further aspect, the spoiler plate includes a wedge-shaped partition, and the outer peripheral surface of the wedge-shaped partition is streamlined.

[0010] In a further aspect, the wall surface at the jet inlet inclines towards the middle of the inlet.

[0011] In a further aspect, the second flow channels are uniformly distributed outside the spoiler plates.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0013] When the high-pressure jet enters the chamber through the jet inlet of the jet emission structure of the present invention, due to the arrangement of the spoiler plates, the first flow channel and the second flow channel, an attachment wall effect will be generated when the jet passes through the first flow channel and the second flow channel, causing partial separation of the jet and forming a separation bubble. The second flow channel cooperates with the flow-around plate to feedback the separated jet again, which will make the jet separation position different and the position of the formed separation bubble also different, triggering self-excited oscillation within a period such as period T, and presenting a periodic change in the outgoing jet direction at the jet outlet, automatically forming a low-frequency pulse with strong multi-directional penetration force. Compared with the existing pulse regulating valve or pulse modulation device, the jet can be separated, so that when the jet is ejected, a periodic change in the outgoing jet direction appears, and the low-frequency oscillation of the surrounding rock formation is denser and the action is stronger. Therefore, the impact force of the jet on the rock formation in all directions will be increased. In addition, due to its good guiding effect on the jet, the impact on the jet emission device is small, the energy loss is small, the ejected jet has a strong impact force, and the energy utilization rate is higher.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic pulse fracturing tool, which reduces the impact force on the pipe sleeve, improves the penetration ability of the fracturing fluid, facilitates more accurate thin-layer fracturing, and forms a complex fracture network structure in the thin oil layer.

[0015] A hydraulic pulse fracturing tool includes the above jet emission structure. One end of the jet inlet of the jet emission structure is connected to a driving device. A second connecting pipe is provided outside the chamber. The chamber is rotatably connected in the second connecting pipe. The second connecting pipe communicates with the jet outlet. One end of the second connecting pipe close to the chamber is connected to a first connecting pipe. The first connecting pipe communicates with the jet inlet, and the driving device is connected in the first connecting pipe.

[0016] In a further solution, a plurality of water outlets are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the pipe wall of the second connecting pipe, and the plurality of water outlets are arranged corresponding to the jet outlet of the jet emission structure.

[0017] In a further solution, adjacent water outlets are connected by inward pointed ends.

[0018] In a further solution, a blocking member is connected to the second connecting pipe. Preferably, the blocking member includes a receiving barrel, a baffle, a firing pin and a spring. A limiting groove is provided on the barrel wall of the receiving barrel. One end of the firing pin is connected in the limiting groove, and the other end extends outside the limiting groove. The spring is elastically connected between the firing pin and the limiting groove. The number of baffles is at least two. The plurality of baffles are respectively distributed on the receiving barrel and are located on both sides of the firing pin. One end of the receiving barrel away from the baffle is connected to the second connecting pipe.

[0019] In a further solution, a universal pipe joint is provided at one end of the receiving barrel away from the baffle, and the receiving barrel is connected to the second connecting pipe through the universal pipe joint.

[0020] In a further solution, the driving device includes a follower rotating member. The follower rotating member has a cavity. A plurality of second receiving inclined grooves are provided on the inner wall of the cavity. The second receiving inclined groove has a first groove section, a second groove section and a third groove section. The third groove section smoothly connects between the first groove section and the second groove section. A main rotating member is provided in the cavity. A first receiving inclined groove is provided on the outer wall of the main rotating member. A sliding member is slidably connected between the first receiving inclined groove and the second receiving inclined groove. The first groove section and the first receiving inclined groove together limit the sliding member. The second groove section can accommodate the sliding member. A universal joint is connected to the main rotating member, and the universal joint is connected to one end of the jet emission structure close to the jet inlet.

[0021] In a further solution, the follower rotating member includes a turbofan. The middle of the turbofan has the cavity. Preferably, a bushing for sealing the cavity is connected to the cavity. Preferably, the outside of the turbofan is rotatably connected to the first connecting pipe, and the turbofan is rotatably connected in the first connecting pipe.

[0022] In a further solution, a diversion section facing the fan input port is provided at the input end of the first connecting pipe.

[0023] In a further solution, the main rotating member includes a turntable, the turntable is arranged in the cavity, and the first receiving inclined groove is provided on the outer wall of the turntable.

[0024] In a further solution, the turntable includes an elastic structure and a disk center connecting portion. The elastic structure is connected to the disk center connecting portion. The first receiving inclined groove is provided at one end of the elastic structure away from the disk center connecting portion. The sliding member is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove through the elastic structure; preferably, the elastic structure includes a plurality of first arc-shaped arms and second arc-shaped arms. The first receiving inclined groove is provided at one end of the first arc-shaped arm away from the disk center connecting portion. The plurality of first arc-shaped arms and second arc-shaped arms are connected to the disk center connecting portion at intervals and evenly. A first slot and a second slot are formed between the first arc-shaped arm and the adjacent two second arc-shaped arms. The width of the first slot is greater than the width of the second slot. The sliding member is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove through the first arc-shaped arm.

[0025] In a further solution, the sliding member includes a ball, and the ball is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove through the first arc-shaped arm.

[0026] In a further solution, the number of groups of the fan and the turntable includes multiple groups, which are arranged in alignment. A transmission shaft is drivingly connected to each turntable.

[0027] By using the above jet emission structure, low-frequency pulses act on the formation. The jet element is rotated through the driving device, which is convenient for forming a more complex fracture network structure in the formation and effectively improves the crude oil seepage capacity.

[0028] Through the pointed design, the loss of the second connecting pipe at the water outlet can be reduced.

[0029] The driving device adopts a slave rotating member, a main rotating member and a slider with a one-way clutch function, which can also prevent the pressure drop loss caused by the backflow of the fluid to a certain extent, improve the energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, the slave rotating member, the main rotating member and the slider adopt a fan, a turntable and a ball group respectively, and the movement is more coordinated, can operate automatically and is more energy-saving.

[0030] During the fracturing construction, after the tool is lowered into the specified position along the wellbore, the tool is lifted, and the plugging agent is released through the plugging member. To prevent the plugging agent from polluting and blocking the wellbore, at the same time, the baffle can also be used to prevent the plugging agent from escaping in the wellbore and improve the plugging strength. Compared with the existing fracturing tools, it is more helpful for the formation to form a complex fracture network structure. Description of the Drawings

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a connection schematic diagram of a hydraulic pulse fracturing tool in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a jet emission structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram at position B in;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a rotating member in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a half-sectional schematic diagram of a main rotating member in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a vortex fan in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 is Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram at position A in;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a connection schematic diagram including a L-shaped rotating part striker in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a half-sectional three-dimensional schematic diagram of a hydraulic pulse fracturing tool in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 It is a simulation state diagram of a jet emission structure in an embodiment of the present invention when using a streamline wedge-shaped partition at 0T, 1 / 4T, and 1 / 2T within a period T.

[0042] In the figure: 1. Jet emission structure; 10. Chamber; 11. Jet outlet; 12. Jet inlet; 13. Turbulence plate; 131. Wedge-shaped partition; 14. First flow channel; 15. Second flow channel; 2. Driving device; 21. Driven rotating part; 210. Cavity; 211. Second receiving inclined groove; 2111. First groove section; 2112. Second groove section; 2113. Third groove section; 212. Turbofan; 22. Main rotating part; 221. First receiving inclined groove; 222. Turntable; 2221. Elastic structure; 22211. First arc-shaped arm; 22212. Second arc-shaped arm; 22213. First slotted opening; 22214. Second slotted opening; 2222. Disk center connecting part; 23. Sliding part; 231. Ball; 24. Universal joint; 25. Bushing; 26. Transmission shaft; 3. Second connecting pipe; 31. Water outlet; 32. Tip; 4. First connecting pipe; 401. Flow guiding section; 5. Sealing part; 51. Receiving barrel; 511. Limit groove; 5111. Notch; 5112. Connecting shaft; 5113. Oblique hole; 52. Baffle; 53. Impact pin; 531. L-shaped rotating part; 532. Linear sliding part; 54. Spring; 55. Universal pipe joint. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, a jet emission structure includes a chamber 10. The upper and lower ends in the chamber 10 are respectively communicated with a jet outlet 11 and a jet inlet 12. The wall surface of the jet outlet 11 is inclined outward. At least two turbulence plates 13 are provided in the chamber 10 between the jet outlet 11 and the jet inlet 12. A first flow channel 14 is formed between adjacent turbulence plates 13. The inlet and outlet ends of the first flow channel 14 are respectively communicated with the jet inlet 12 and the jet outlet 11. A second flow channel 15 is formed between the chamber 10 and the turbulence plate 13. The inlet and outlet ends of the second flow channel 15 are respectively communicated with the inlet and outlet ends of the first flow channel 14.

[0045] Its working principle is that when the high-pressure jet enters the chamber 10 through the jet inlet 12, due to the setting of the spoiler 13, the first flow channel 14, and the second flow channel 15, a wall attachment effect is generated when the jet passes through the first flow channel 14 and the second flow channel 15, causing the jet to be partially separated and form a separation bubble. The second flow channel 15 cooperates with the flow deflection plate to give feedback to the separated jet, which will make the jet separation position different, and the position of the formed separation bubble is also different, triggering periodic self-excited oscillation within the period T, and presenting a periodic change in the direction of the outgoing jet at the jet outlet 11, automatically forming a low-frequency pulse with strong multi-directional penetration. If the low-frequency pulse is applied to a closed lower layer, it will help the formation of a complex fracture network structure, effectively improving the seepage capacity of crude oil.

[0046] The first flow channel 14 is in the shape of a small bracket near the jet outlet 11, and the middle of the small bracket is connected to the outlet end of the second flow channel 15. The inner wall surface of the small bracket is used to guide the jet to the wall surface of the jet outlet 11. It is convenient to regroup the separated jets to the jet outlet 11, facilitate the separation and ejection of the jets, reduce the energy loss of the jets at the jet outlet 11, and improve the destructive power. Those skilled in the art should be able to think that other streamlined curved surfaces can also achieve similar low-frequency pulses after jet separation, but the impact force or destructive power may not be as good as the small bracket-shaped structure, and these changes should also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0047] The spoiler 13 includes a streamline wedge-shaped partition 131, and the outer peripheral surface of the wedge-shaped partition 131 is streamlined; Figure 10 As shown, the jet launching structure 1 passes through the jet when the streamlined wedge-shaped baffle 131 is used, and the state diagram is simulated at 0T, 1 / 4T and 1 / 2T in the period T. The streamlined wedge-shaped baffle 131, in conjunction with the above-mentioned first flow channel 14, the second flow channel 15 and the chamber 10, has a good separation effect on the jet, is easy to produce a better separation bubble, has little obstruction to the jet, has an obvious periodic effect, and causes little jet energy loss. Preferably, the wall surface at the jet inlet 12 is inclined toward the middle of the inlet; this facilitates the jet to enter the jet inlet 12, increasing the pressure difference change when the jet enters. Preferably, the second flow channel 15 is evenly distributed on the outside of the spoiler 13, which can reduce the loss of the jet when passing through the first flow channel 14.

[0048] Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that as long as the baffles of other shapes conform to the above working principle, or new solutions for the formation of flow-around plates formed by slight changes on the wedge-shaped baffle 131, they should all fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0049] In specific implementation, the above jet emission structure 1 can be used in a variety of short-radius hydraulic pulse fracturing tools. As a hydraulic pulse generation tool, for example, when it is applied to a hydraulic pulse fracturing tool in any of the following embodiments, it can further assist the hydraulic pulse fracturing tool in forming a complex fracture network structure in the formation.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 9 shown, a hydraulic pulse fracturing tool includes the above jet emission structure 1. One end of the jet inlet 12 of the jet emission structure 1 is connected to a driving device 2. A second connecting pipe 3 is provided outside the chamber 10. The chamber 10 is rotatably connected in the second connecting pipe 3. The second connecting pipe 3 is communicated with the jet outlet 11. One end of the second connecting pipe 3 close to the chamber 10 is connected to a first connecting pipe 4. The first connecting pipe 4 is communicated with the jet inlet 12. And the driving device 2 is connected in the first connecting pipe 4. The driving device 2 is used to drive the jet emission structure to rotate in the second connecting pipe 3, and cooperate with the first connecting pipe 4 to introduce the jet to the jet inlet 12 of the jet emission mechanism. The second connecting pipe 3 is used to install the jet emission structure 1 and export the jet ejected from the jet outlet 11 of the jet emission structure 1 to the formation, and the low-frequency pulse acts on the formation, which helps the formation to form a complex fracture network structure and effectively improves the crude oil seepage capacity.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, a plurality of water outlets 31 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the pipe wall of the second connecting pipe 3. The plurality of water outlets 31 are arranged corresponding to the jet outlets 11 of the jet emission structure 1; preferably, the adjacent water outlets 31 are connected by inward pointed tips 32. This can reduce the obstructive effect on the jet ejected from the jet outlet 11, so that it can act on the formation to the maximum extent.

[0052] A plurality of odd-numbered emission holes are formed on the side wall of the second connecting pipe 3 for the jet of the jet element to pass through, and the driving device 2 is coupled to drive the jet element to rotate circumferentially. Finally, it can be realized that the jet is always ejected along the water outlet 31, avoiding the jet hitting the wall surface of the sleeve and causing wall surface damage.

[0053] A plugging member 5 is connected to the second connecting pipe 3. Preferably, the plugging member 5 includes a receiving barrel 51, a baffle 52, a firing pin 53 and a spring 54. A limiting groove 511 is provided on the barrel wall of the receiving barrel 51. One end of the firing pin 53 is connected in the limiting groove 511, and the other end extends outside the limiting groove 511. The spring 54 is elastically connected between the firing pin 53 and the limiting groove 511. The number of baffles 52 is at least two. The multiple baffles are respectively distributed on the receiving barrel 51 and are located on both sides of the firing pin 53. One end of the receiving barrel 51 away from the baffle 52 is connected to the second connecting pipe 3. Preferably, a universal pipe joint 55 is provided at one end of the receiving barrel 51 away from the baffle 52. The receiving barrel 51 is connected to the second connecting pipe 3 through the universal pipe joint 55, so that it is convenient for the receiving barrel 51 to be reliably connected to the second connecting pipe 3 when passing through the wellbore.

[0054] During the fracturing construction, after the hydraulic pulse fracturing tool is lowered into the specified position along the wellbore, the tool is lifted, causing the firing pin 53 to pierce the receiving barrel 51 and release the plugging agent. To prevent the plugging agent from polluting and blocking the wellbore, it is necessary to control the dosage of the plugging agent. At the same time, the baffle 52 can also be used to prevent the plugging agent from escaping in the wellbore and improve the plugging strength.

[0055] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, the firing pin 53 includes an L-shaped rotating portion 531, and the limiting groove 511 includes a notch 5111. A connecting shaft 5112 is connected to the notch 5111. The L-shaped rotating portion 531 is rotatably connected to the notch through the connecting shaft 5112. One end of the L-shaped rotating portion close to the central axis of the receiving barrel 51 is connected to the spring 54. In this way, when the firing pin 53 enters, it can slide along the well pipe inside the pipe without piercing the receiving barrel 51. Only when the plugging member is pulled back, the firing pin 53 will be stuck on the well pipe, rotate and then pierce the receiving barrel 51 to release the plugging agent in the receiving barrel 51.

[0056] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the firing pin 53 includes a straight sliding portion 532, and the limiting groove 511 includes an inclined hole 5113. The straight sliding portion 532 slides in the inclined hole 5113. One end of the straight sliding portion 532 close to the central axis of the receiving barrel 51 is connected to the spring 54. When the firing pin 53 enters the well pipe, it can slide along the well pipe inside the pipe without piercing the receiving barrel 51. Only when the plugging member is pulled back, the firing pin 53 will be stuck on the well pipe, and the firing pin 53 continues to move towards the central axis of the receiving barrel 51, piercing the receiving barrel 51 to release the plugging agent in the receiving barrel 51.

[0057] Those skilled in the art should also be able to think of using some other types of plugging members to achieve plugging in the wellbore, such as balloon-type or explosive plugging structures. After the hydraulic pulse fracturing tool is lowered into the specified position along the wellbore, by injecting a plugging agent into the balloon, the plugging agent can also be shaped under the action of the baffle, or directly after reaching the specified position, directly blasting the sealing member so that the plugging agent in the plugging member flows out.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the driving device 2 includes a one-way clutch. During downhole operations, the one-way clutch can be used to ensure the rotation direction of the jet emission structure 1 and prevent it from reversing under the action of the turbulent flow, causing energy loss or insufficient rupture.

[0059] Such as Figure 4 shown, the one-way clutch includes a slave rotating member 21. The slave rotating member 21 has a cavity 210. A plurality of second receiving inclined grooves 211 are provided on the inner wall of the cavity 210. The second receiving inclined grooves 211 have a first groove section 2111, a second groove section 2112 and a third groove section 2113. The third groove section 2113 smoothly connects between the first groove section 2111 and the second groove section 2112. A main rotating member 22 is provided in the cavity 210. As Figure 5 shown, a first receiving inclined groove 221 is provided on the outer wall of the main rotating member 22. A sliding member 23 is slidably connected between the first receiving inclined groove 221 and the second receiving inclined groove 211. The first groove section 2111 and the first receiving inclined groove 221 together limit the sliding member 23. The second groove section 2112 can accommodate the sliding member 23. A universal joint 24 is connected to the main rotating member 22. The universal joint 24 is connected to one end of the jet emission structure 1 close to the jet inlet 12. The third groove section 2113 is used for guiding the sliding of the sliding member between the first groove section and the second groove section 2112. When the main rotating member rotates relative to the slave rotating member 21 along the inclination direction of the first receiving inclined groove 221, at this time, due to inertia, the sliding member 23 will be located at the first groove section 2111, and the first groove section 2111 and the first receiving inclined groove 221 together will limit the sliding member 23. Therefore, the sliding member 23 will drive the slave rotating member 21 to operate. When the main rotating member 22 rotates in the other direction, the sliding member 23 will be located on the second groove section 2112. At this time, neither the second groove section 2112 nor the first receiving inclined groove 221 can limit the sliding member 23. At this time, the main rotating member and the slave rotating member 21 do not contact and rotate idly, and the power is not transmitted. When the main rotating member is driven by the turbulent flow of the jet emission structure to rotate in the reverse direction, it will not cause damage to the slave rotating member 21.

[0060] Such as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the rotating member 21 includes a fan 212. There is a cavity 210 in the middle of the fan 212. Preferably, a bushing 25 for sealing the cavity 210 is connected to the cavity 210. The bushing 25 can prevent the sliding member 23 from being affected by the pressure liquid. Preferably, the fan 212 is rotatably connected in the first connecting pipe 4. Preferably, a guiding section 401 facing the input port of the fan 212 is provided at the input end of the first connecting pipe 4. Preferably, as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the main rotating member 22 includes a turntable 222. The turntable 222 is arranged in the cavity 210, and a first receiving inclined groove 221 is formed on the outer wall of the turntable 222. The fan 212 can directly rotate by using the liquid flow power of the fracturing fluid, driving the main rotating member 22 and the jet emission structure to rotate.

[0061] As Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the turntable 222 includes an elastic structure 2221 and a disk center connecting portion 2222. The elastic structure 2221 is connected to the disk center connecting portion 2222. One end of the elastic structure 2221 away from the disk center connecting portion 2222 has a first receiving inclined groove 221. The sliding member 23 is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove 211 through the elastic structure 2221. Preferably, the elastic structure 2221 includes a plurality of first arc-shaped arms 22211 and second arc-shaped arms 22212. One end of the first arc-shaped arm 22211 away from the disk center connecting portion 2222 has a first receiving inclined groove 221. The plurality of first arc-shaped arms 22211 and second arc-shaped arms 22212 are connected to the disk center connecting portion 2222 at equal intervals. A first slot 22213 and a second slot 22214 are formed between the first arc-shaped arm 22211 and the adjacent two second arc-shaped arms 22212. The width of the first slot 22213 is greater than the width of the second slot 22214. The sliding member 23 is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove 211 through the first arc-shaped arm 22211. The elastic structure 2221 can be used to press the sliding member 23, so that the sliding member 23 is stably clamped on the second receiving inclined groove 211. When the fan 212 rotates in the same direction as the turntable 222, it will drive the sliding member 23 to slide along the first receiving inclined groove 221 to one end and then drive the turntable 222 to rotate. When the fan 212 rotates in the opposite direction to the turntable 222, the sliding member 23 will reach the other end of the first receiving inclined groove 221 under relative rotation. At this time, the sliding member 23 does not press the fan 212, and the fan 212 idles.

[0062] As Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the sliding member 23 includes a ball 231. The ball 231 is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove 211 through the first arc-shaped arm 22211. The ball 231 is convenient for sliding in the first receiving inclined groove 221 and the second receiving inclined groove 211. Preferably, the number of groups of the fan 212 and the turntable 222 includes multiple groups, and the multiple groups are aligned. A transmission shaft 26 is drivingly connected to each turntable 222. This can improve the energy utilization rate.

[0063] During downhole operations, the fracturing fluid drives the blades of the vortex fan 212 to rotate through the blades of the vortex fan 212, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. To prevent the vortex fan 212 from rotating in reverse, a one-way clutch is provided. On the one hand, it can make the movement of the vortex fan group more coordinated. At the same time, it also prevents the pressure drop loss caused by the reverse flow of the fluid to a certain extent, improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0064] Those skilled in the art should be able to think that a ratchet and pawl structure can also be directly set at the installation position of the vortex fan and the first connecting pipe to completely prevent the vortex fan from rotating in the reverse direction, thereby improving the utilization rate of the jet energy.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so as to implement the embodiments of the present application described herein. In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings.

[0066] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0067] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A jet emission structure, characterized in that, It includes a chamber (10). A jet outlet (11) and a jet inlet (12) are respectively communicated with the upper and lower ends inside the chamber (10). The wall surface of the jet outlet (11) inclines outward. At least two spoiler plates (13) are arranged in the chamber between the jet outlet (11) and the jet inlet (12). A first flow channel (14) is formed between adjacent spoiler plates (13). The inlet and outlet ends of the first flow channel (14) are respectively communicated with the jet inlet (12) and the jet outlet (11). A second flow channel (15) is formed between the chamber (10) and the spoiler plate (13). The inlet and outlet ends of the second flow channel (15) are respectively communicated with the inlet and outlet ends of the first flow channel (14).

2. The jet emission structure according to claim 1, wherein, The first flow channel (14) is in a small bracket shape near the jet outlet position, and the middle part of the small bracket is communicated with the outlet end of the second flow channel (15). The inner wall surface of the small bracket is used to direct the jet to the wall surface of the jet outlet (11).

3. A jet emission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spoiler plate (13) includes a wedge-shaped partition plate (131), and the outer peripheral surface of the wedge-shaped partition plate (131) is streamline-shaped; preferably, the wall surface at the jet inlet (12) inclines towards the middle of the inlet; preferably, the second flow channels (15) are evenly distributed outside the spoiler plate (13).

4. A hydraulic pulse fracturing tool, characterized in that, It includes a jet emission structure (1) according to any one of claims 1-3. One end of the jet inlet (12) of the jet emission structure (1) is connected with a driving device (2). A second connecting pipe (3) is arranged outside the chamber (10). The chamber (10) is rotatably connected inside the second connecting pipe (3). The second connecting pipe (3) is communicated with the jet outlet (11). One end of the second connecting pipe (3) close to the chamber (10) is connected with a first connecting pipe (4). The first connecting pipe (4) is communicated with the jet inlet (12), and the driving device (2) is connected inside the first connecting pipe (4).

5. A hydraulic pulse fracturing tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of water outlets (31) are circumferentially and evenly distributed on the pipe wall of the second connecting pipe (3). The plurality of water outlets (31) are arranged corresponding to the jet outlet (11) of the jet emission structure (1); preferably, adjacent water outlets (31) are connected by inward pointed heads (32).

6. A hydraulic pulse fracturing tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plugging member (5) is connected to the second connecting pipe (3). Preferably, the plugging member (5) includes a receiving barrel (51), a baffle (52), a firing pin (53) and a spring (54). A limiting groove (511) is provided on the barrel wall of the receiving barrel (51). One end of the firing pin (53) is connected in the limiting groove (511), and the other end extends outside the limiting groove (511). The spring (54) is elastically connected between the firing pin (53) and the limiting groove (511). The number of the baffles (52) is at least two. A plurality of baffles are respectively distributed on the receiving barrel (51) and are located on both sides of the firing pin (53). One end of the receiving barrel (51) away from the baffle (52) is connected to the second connecting pipe (3). Preferably, a universal pipe joint (55) is provided at one end of the receiving barrel (51) away from the baffle. The receiving barrel (51) is connected to the second connecting pipe (3) through the universal pipe joint (55).

7. The hydraulic pulse fracturing tool according to claim 4, wherein The driving device (2) includes a secondary rotating member (21). The secondary rotating member (21) has a cavity (210). A plurality of second receiving inclined grooves (211) are provided on the inner wall of the cavity (210). The second receiving inclined groove (211) has a first groove section (2111), a second groove section (2112) and a third groove section (2113). The third groove section (2113) smoothly connects between the first groove section (2111) and the second groove section (2112). A primary rotating member (22) is provided in the cavity (210). A first receiving inclined groove (221) is provided on the outer wall of the primary rotating member (22). A sliding member (23) is slidably connected between the first receiving inclined groove (221) and the second receiving inclined groove (211). The first groove section (2111) and the first receiving inclined groove (221) together limit the sliding member (23). The second groove section (2112) can accommodate the sliding member (23). A universal joint (24) is connected to the primary rotating member (22). The universal joint (24) is connected to one end of the jet emission structure (1) close to the jet inlet (12).

8. A hydraulic pulse fracturing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The secondary rotating member (21) includes a fan (212). The middle of the fan (212) has the cavity (210). Preferably, a bushing (25) for sealing the cavity (210) is connected to the cavity (210). Preferably, the outside of the fan (212) is rotatably connected to the first connecting pipe (4), and the fan (212) is rotatably connected in the first connecting pipe (4). Preferably, a guiding section (401) facing the input port of the fan (212) is provided at the input end of the first connecting pipe (4). Preferably, the primary rotating member (22) includes a turntable (222). The turntable (222) is provided in the cavity (210), and the first receiving inclined groove (221) is provided on the outer wall of the turntable (222).

9. The hydraulic pulse fracturing tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, The turntable (222) includes an elastic structure (2221) and a disk center connecting portion (2222). The elastic structure (2221) is connected to the disk center connecting portion (2222). One end of the elastic structure (2221) away from the disk center connecting portion (2222) has the first receiving inclined groove (221). The sliding member (23) is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove (211) through the elastic structure (2221); preferably, the elastic structure (2221) includes a plurality of first arc-shaped arms (22211) and second arc-shaped arms (22212). One end of the first arc-shaped arm (22211) away from the disk center connecting portion (2222) has the first receiving inclined groove (221). The plurality of first arc-shaped arms (22211) and second arc-shaped arms (22212) are connected to the disk center connecting portion (2222) at equal intervals. A first slot (22213) and a second slot (22214) are formed between the first arc-shaped arm (22211) and two adjacent second arc-shaped arms (22212). The width of the first slot (22213) is greater than the width of the second slot (22214). The sliding member (23) is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove (211) through the first arc-shaped arm (22211).

10. A hydraulic pulse fracturing tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sliding member (23) includes a ball (231). The ball (231) is pressed in the second receiving inclined groove (211) through the first arc-shaped arm (22211); preferably, the number of groups of the turbofan (212) and the turntable (222) includes multiple groups, and the multiple groups are arranged in alignment. A transmission shaft (26) is drivingly connected to each turntable (222).

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