Large-gradient heading machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-gradient heading machine, and belongs to the technical field of heading equipment. The large-gradient heading machine comprises a track assembly; the main frame body is arranged on the track assembly and can move in the extending direction of the track assembly; the main frame body is provided with a first side and a second side; the first side and the second side are oppositely arranged in the first direction; the cutting assembly is arranged on the first side; the shovel plate assembly is arranged on the first side and located below the cutting assembly; the conveying assembly is arranged on the second side. The driving force of the large-gradient heading machine does not depend on ground friction, and the upper limit of the driving force depends on the strength of a mechanical transmission structure between the track assembly and the main frame body. The driving mode gets rid of the constraint of ground conditions on driving force, so that the problems that a traditional crawler-type heading machine is insufficient in driving force and easy to slip on a large slope can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of tunneling equipment, and particularly relates to a large-slope tunneling machine. Background Art

[0002] The existing tunneling machines generally adopt crawler-type traveling mechanisms, which are driven by rear wheels, and the tension of the crawler is adjusted by a tensioning cylinder located on the side of the front wheels, only playing the role of tensioning and guiding the crawler.

[0003] However, during the tunneling process, especially in the case of a large slope working condition, the driving power of the tunneling machine is significantly insufficient, making the tunneling machine inapplicable to the working environment of large slopes. Therefore, for the extreme slope working condition above 30°, the mining process of drilling and blasting is still adopted, which has serious potential hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a large-slope tunneling machine, which can solve the problem that the existing crawler-type tunneling machine cannot adapt to large-slope working conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, this application provides a large-slope tunneling machine, including: a track assembly; a main frame body, arranged on the track assembly and capable of moving along the extending direction of the track assembly; the main frame body has a first side and a second side; the first side and the second side are oppositely arranged along a first direction; a cutting assembly, arranged on the first side; a scraper plate assembly, arranged on the first side and located below the cutting assembly; a conveying assembly, arranged on the second side.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the driving force does not depend on ground friction, and the upper limit of the driving force depends on the strength of the mechanical transmission structure between the track assembly and the main frame body. This driving method gets rid of the bondage of ground conditions on the driving force, thereby being able to overcome the problems of insufficient driving force and easy slipping of traditional crawler-type tunneling machines on large slopes.

[0007] In some technical solutions, optionally, the track assembly includes: a base, serving as a bearing foundation; at least two track chains, arranged in parallel on the base; a scraper, arranged between the two track chains; wherein, the main frame body is provided with a traveling part, and the traveling part is connected to the track chain and can move along the track chain. The conveying is carried out by the scraper arranged on the base, without occupying other redundant spaces, and only using the gap of the track chain, it can achieve efficient material conveying in a limited space, thereby meeting the operation requirements of small-section roadways.

[0008] In some technical solutions, optionally, the main frame body further includes a third side and a fourth side, the third side and the fourth side are oppositely arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; wherein, the traveling part includes: a left wheel set, including at least two driving wheels, arranged on the third side and connected to one of the two crawler tracks; a right wheel set, including at least two driving wheels, arranged on the fourth side and connected to the other of the two crawler tracks. Thereby, ensuring that the driving force is evenly transmitted to the double crawler tracks and avoiding unilateral overload.

[0009] In some technical solutions, optionally, the main frame body further includes a third side and a fourth side, the third side and the fourth side are oppositely arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; wherein, the large gradient tunneling machine further includes: at least two support components, respectively arranged on the third side and the fourth side.

[0010] In the above technical solutions, the support components support the side walls of the roadway on both sides, restricting the lateral displacement or sway of the fuselage, thereby achieving the effect of stabilizing the fuselage and ensuring operation safety.

[0011] In some technical solutions, optionally, the support component includes: a rotating bracket, connected to the main frame body and capable of rotating around the connection position between the rotating bracket and the main frame body; a shoe, arranged on the rotating bracket. Thereby, achieving the effect of stabilizing the fuselage.

[0012] In some technical solutions, optionally, the working surface of the shoe is a curved surface.

[0013] Compared with a flat surface, when the curved working surface contacts the side wall of the roadway, it can automatically adjust the contact posture according to the local shape of the side wall. In this way, it can better adapt to the complex and changeable shape of the side wall of the roadway; at the same time, the curved working surface can provide greater friction and a more reliable support effect. Its fit with the side wall of the roadway is higher.

[0014] In some technical solutions, optionally, anti-slip teeth are provided on the working surface of the shoe. The anti-slip teeth can be embedded in the wall surface, thereby increasing the friction coefficient between the working surface of the shoe and the wall. When the shoe applies pressure to the wall, the biting action between the anti-slip teeth and the wall can generate greater friction, effectively preventing the shoe from slipping and ensuring that the tunneling machine can operate stably and reliably under complex geological conditions and harsh working conditions.

[0015] In some technical solutions, optionally, the cutting component includes: a cutting frame body, connected to the main frame body; a cutting motor, arranged on the cutting frame body; a cutting drum, rotatably arranged on the cutting frame body and connected to the cutting motor; a plurality of cutting teeth are provided on the cutting drum. This continuous rotation method enables the cutting drum to continuously cut the rock formation at different angles, ensuring that the cutting teeth continuously contact the rock formation at different positions.

[0016] In some technical solutions, optionally, the cutting frame body is rotatably connected to the main frame body. Thus, the complete cutting of the entire section height is achieved.

[0017] In some technical solutions, optionally, the shovel plate assembly is rotatably connected to the main frame body.

[0018] In the above technical solutions, during tunneling, the shovel plate assembly can adjust the angle by swinging to keep consistent with the slope and ensure the stability of loading. At the same time, when the cutting drum swings up and down for cutting, the landing point of the rock slag will change. The synchronous swing of the shovel plate assembly can adjust the material receiving angle to prevent the rock slag from accumulating outside the shovel plate assembly. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the large-slope tunneling machine in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is another structural schematic diagram of the large-slope tunneling machine in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is the third structural schematic diagram of the large-slope tunneling machine in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the track assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is another structural schematic diagram of the track assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is the third structural schematic diagram of the track assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the support assembly and the main frame body in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the support assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 is another structural schematic diagram of the support assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the cutting assembly in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Among them, Figures 1 to 10 the corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names in the drawings is as follows:

[0030] 100 Track assembly; 110 Base; 120 Track chain; 130 Scraper; 200 Main frame; 210 First side; 220 Second side; 230 Third side; 240 Fourth side; 300 Cutting assembly; 310 Cutting frame; 320 Cutting motor; 330 Cutting drum; 331 Pick; 400 Bucket plate assembly; 500 Conveyor assembly; 600 Traveling part; 610 Left wheel set; 620 Right wheel set; 640 Driving wheel; 700 Support assembly; 710 Rotating bracket; 720 Support shoe; 721 Working face; 722 Anti-slip teeth. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. generally belong to the same category, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object may be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0033] The following will be combined with Figures 1 to 10 , and the large-slope roadheader provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0034] In the embodiments of the present application, the first direction is the width direction of the main frame 200, and the second direction is the length direction of the main frame 200.

[0035] The existing roadheaders generally adopt crawler-type traveling mechanisms, which drive the crawler through a driving wheel and realize traveling through the static friction between the crawler and the ground. However, when the slope > 30°, the component of the equipment gravity along the slope may exceed the maximum static friction of the crawler, resulting in slipping and insufficient driving force; at the same time, the center of gravity of the roadheader moves backward, resulting in uneven distribution of the grounding pressure and further reducing the effective friction; thus, the crawler-type roadheader cannot meet the requirements of large-slope tunneling.

[0036] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3, To solve the above problems, in some embodiments, the present application provides a large - gradient roadheader, the structure of which includes: a track assembly 100, a main frame 200, a cutting assembly 300, a scraper plate assembly 400, and a conveying assembly 500.

[0037] Specifically, the track assembly 100 is laid along the tunneling direction. The main frame 200 is disposed on the track assembly 100 and can move along the extension direction of the track assembly 100. The main frame 200 has a first side 210 and a second side 220, and the first side 210 and the second side 220 are oppositely arranged along a first direction. The cutting assembly 300 is disposed on the first side 210; the scraper plate assembly 400 is disposed on the first side 210 and is located below the cutting assembly 300; the conveying assembly 500 is disposed on the second side 220.

[0038] In the above - mentioned embodiment, the track assembly 100 serves as the basic support for the movement of the roadheader, is laid along the tunneling direction, and provides a stable running track for the roadheader. The roadheader moves on the track assembly 100. Compared with the existing crawler - type roadheader, the driving force does not depend on ground friction, and the upper limit of the driving force depends on the strength of the mechanical transmission structure between the track assembly 100 and the main frame 200. This driving method gets rid of the bondage of ground conditions on the driving force. Under complex geological conditions, such as soft soil layers, muddy ground, or smooth rock surfaces, etc., it can still stably provide driving force to ensure the normal operation of the roadheader. Theoretically, as long as the track assembly 100 is firmly fixed and the transmission structure between the track assembly 100 and the main frame 200 is reasonably designed, the driving force can meet the requirements of any gradient and can overcome the problems of insufficient driving force and easy slipping of traditional crawler - type roadheaders on large gradients.

[0039] Refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , in some embodiments, the track assembly 100 includes a base 110, a track chain 120, and a scraper 130. Specifically, there are at least two track chains 120, which are arranged in parallel along the tunneling direction on the base 110. The scraper 130 is disposed between the two track chains 120. Among them, the main frame 200 is provided with a traveling part 600, and the traveling part 600 is connected to the track chain 120 and can move along the track chain 120.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the chain rail 120 adopts a chain link articulation mechanism. Through the transmission of the walking part 600 and the chain link, the driving force directly acts on the chain rail 120, which gets rid of the dependence of the traditional crawler tunneling machine on ground friction. The climbing ability is not affected by the ground conditions, thereby meeting the requirements of large slope working conditions. Furthermore, a scraper 130 is also provided between the chain rails 120. During the excavation operation, the material cut by the cutting assembly 300 is collected by the shovel assembly 400, transferred to the scraper 130 through the conveying assembly 500, and conveyed by the scraper 130. Compared with the traditional belt conveyor, the conveying by the scraper 130 set on the base 110 does not need to occupy other redundant space, and only uses the gap of the chain rail 120, which can achieve efficient material transportation in a limited space, thereby meeting the needs of small-section tunnel operations.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 In practical applications, the main frame 200 further includes a third side 230 and a fourth side 240, and the third side 230 and the fourth side 240 are arranged relatively along the second direction, wherein the second direction and the first direction are arranged perpendicularly. The walking part 600 includes a left wheel group 610 and a right wheel group 620.

[0042] Specifically, the left wheel set 610 includes at least two driving wheels 640 disposed on the third side 230 and connected to one of the two chain rails 120. The right wheel set 620 includes at least two driving wheels 640 disposed on the fourth side 240 and connected to the other of the two chain rails 120.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the left wheel group 610 and the right wheel group 620 are symmetrically arranged on the third side 230 and the fourth side 240 of the main frame 200 to ensure that the driving force is evenly transmitted to the double chain rail 120 to avoid unilateral overload.

[0044] In practical applications, the walking unit 600 further includes a motor and a reducer. The reducer connects the motor and the driving wheels 640, and distributes the torque to each driving wheel 640 through the reducer, so as to ensure that the driving wheels 640 move synchronously, thereby preventing deviation.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the steep-slope tunnel boring machine further includes at least two support assemblies 700 , which are respectively disposed on the third side 230 and the fourth side 240 .

[0046] During the excavation process, the stability of the tunnel boring machine body is the core bottleneck restricting the excavation efficiency and safety. In this embodiment, the support assembly 700 is used to support the side walls of the tunnel on both sides to limit the lateral displacement or shaking of the body, thereby stabilizing the body and ensuring the safety of the operation.

[0047] ReferenceFigure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the support assembly 700 includes a rotating bracket 710 and a support shoe 720. The rotating bracket 710 is connected to the main frame 200 and can rotate around the connection position between the rotating bracket 710 and the main frame 200. The support shoe 720 is disposed on the rotating bracket 710.

[0048] The rotating bracket 710 is connected to the main frame 200 and can rotate around the connection position of the two. The support shoe 720 is installed on the rotating bracket 710. The rotation of the rotating bracket 710 can drive the support shoe 720 to adjust its position to better support the side wall of the lane and achieve the purpose of stabilizing the fuselage.

[0049] In practical applications, the shape of the side wall of the tunnel is not an ideal flat plane. Due to factors such as rock layer structure, uneven distribution of geological stress, and disturbance of surrounding rocks during excavation, the side wall of the tunnel often presents irregular ups and downs, curvature, or local depressions and protrusions. Therefore, the working surface 721 of the support shoe 720 (i.e., the contact surface with the side wall of the tunnel) is designed as a curved surface. Compared with a flat surface, the curved working surface can automatically adjust the contact posture according to the local shape of the side wall when in contact with the side wall of the tunnel. In this way, it can better adapt to this complex and changeable shape of the side wall of the tunnel. At the same time, the curved working surface can provide greater friction and more reliable support effect. It has a higher degree of fit with the side wall of the tunnel, reducing the possibility of relative sliding between the support shoe 720 and the side wall, so that during the excavation process, no matter what direction of lateral force the fuselage is subjected to, the support shoe 720 can stably support on the side wall, effectively limiting the lateral displacement and shaking of the fuselage, and ensuring the safety and continuity of the excavation operation.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the working surface 721 of the gripper shoe 720 is provided with anti-slip teeth 722 .

[0051] During the excavation operation, the tunnel boring machine needs to withstand the huge reaction force from the cutting assembly 300 and its own gravity. If there is not enough friction between the support shoe 720 and the tunnel wall, it is very easy to slip, shift, etc., which seriously affects the excavation accuracy and efficiency and even endangers the construction safety. Anti-skid teeth 722 are set on the working surface 721. The anti-skid teeth 722 can be embedded in the wall surface, thereby increasing the friction coefficient between the working surface 721 of the support shoe 720 and the wall. When the support shoe 720 applies pressure to the wall, the bite between the anti-skid teeth 722 and the wall can generate greater friction, thereby effectively preventing the support shoe 720 from slipping, ensuring that the tunnel boring machine can operate stably and reliably under complex geological conditions and harsh working conditions.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 10, in some embodiments, the cutting assembly 300 includes a cutting frame body 310, a cutting motor 320, and a cutting drum 330. Specifically, the cutting frame body 310 is connected to the main frame body 200. The cutting motor 320 is disposed on the cutting frame body 310 and is the power source for the cutting operation. The cutting drum 330 is rotatably disposed on the cutting frame body 310 and is connected to the cutting motor 320; a plurality of cutting teeth 331 are provided on the cutting drum 330, and the cutting drum 330 can rotate about the axis of the cutting drum 330 in the vertical plane where the second direction is located.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the cutting drum 330 can rotate about its own axis in the vertical plane where the second direction is located. This continuous rotation mode enables the cutting drum 330 to continuously cut the rock formation at different angles, ensuring that the cutting teeth 331 continuously contact the rock formation at different positions.

[0054] In practical applications, the cutting frame body 310 is rotatably connected to the main frame body 200 through a pin shaft. In this way, through the cutting frame body 310, the cutting drum 330 can swing up and down in the plane where the second direction is located, thereby realizing full-section cutting.

[0055] The cutting frame body 310 is rotatably connected to the main frame body 200 through a pin shaft, enabling the cutting drum 330 to swing up and down in the vertical plane where the second direction is located. This function enables the cutting teeth 331 to cover different height positions of the roadway section. During the tunneling process, as the cutting frame body 310 swings up and down, the cutting teeth 331 can cut from the top of the roadway to the bottom gradually, or cut from the bottom upwards, realizing the complete cutting of the entire section height. Through the self-rotation of the cutting drum 330 and the up-and-down swing of the cutting frame body 310, a larger range of cutting can be completed in one tunneling process, reducing the number of equipment adjustments and repeated cutting, thus significantly improving the tunneling speed.

[0056] In practical applications, the cutting frame body 310 realizes the lifting movement through an oil cylinder. It can be understood that in addition to the pin shaft, the cutting frame body 310 and the main frame body 200 can also be connected by a universal joint or a hinge, etc., and this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0057] In some embodiments, the scraper plate assembly 400 is rotatably connected to the main frame body 200 through a pin shaft.

[0058] Specifically, the scraper plate assembly 400 is rotatably connected to the main frame body 200 through a pin shaft, enabling the scraper plate assembly 400 to swing up and down in the vertical plane where the second direction is located. During the tunneling process, the scraper plate assembly 400 can adjust the angle by swinging to keep consistent with the slope, ensuring the stability of loading. At the same time, when the cutting drum 330 swings up and down for cutting, the landing point of the rock slag will change. The synchronous swing of the scraper plate assembly 400 can adjust the material receiving angle to prevent the rock slag from accumulating outside the scraper plate assembly.

[0059] It can be understood that, in addition to the pin shaft, a universal joint or a hinge can also be used to connect the scraper plate assembly 400 and the main frame body 200, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this text, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including that element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0061] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-described embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disc) and includes several instructions for causing a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0062] The embodiments of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, and all of them fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-gradient tunneling machine, characterized in that, Comprising: Track assembly; Main frame body, disposed on the track assembly and capable of moving along the extending direction of the track assembly; The main frame body has a first side and a second side; The first side and the second side are oppositely disposed along a first direction; Cutting assembly, disposed on the first side; Scraper plate assembly, disposed on the first side and located below the cutting assembly; Conveyor assembly, disposed on the second side.

2. The large-gradient tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The track assembly includes: Base, serving as a bearing foundation; At least two track chains, disposed in parallel on the base; Scraper, disposed between the two track chains; Wherein, the main frame body is provided with a traveling part, and the traveling part is connected to the track chain and capable of moving along the track chain.

3. The large-gradient tunneling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main frame body further includes a third side and a fourth side, the third side and the fourth side are oppositely disposed along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; Wherein, the traveling part includes: Left wheel set, including at least two driving wheels, disposed on the third side and connected to one of the at least two track chains; Right wheel set, including at least two driving wheels, disposed on the fourth side and connected to the other of the at least two track chains.

4. The large-gradient tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame body further includes a third side and a fourth side, the third side and the fourth side are oppositely disposed along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; Wherein, the large gradient tunneling machine further includes: At least two support assemblies, respectively disposed on the third side and the fourth side.

5. The large-slope tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support assembly includes: Rotating bracket, connected to the main frame body and capable of rotating around the connection position between the rotating bracket and the main frame body; Support shoe, disposed on the rotating bracket.

6. The large-gradient tunneling machine according to claim 5, wherein, The working surface of the support shoe is a curved surface.

7. The large-gradient tunneling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, Anti-slip teeth are provided on the working surface of the support shoe.

8. The large-gradient tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The cutting assembly includes: Cutting frame body, connected to the main frame body; Cutting motor, disposed on the cutting frame body; Cutting drum, rotatably disposed on the cutting frame body and connected to the cutting motor; a plurality of cutting teeth are provided on the cutting drum.

9. The large-gradient tunneling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cutting frame body is rotatably connected to the main frame body.

10. The large-gradient tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The scraper plate assembly is rotatably connected to the main frame body.

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