Intelligent operation ventilation control system and method for combined air supply and exhaust tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent operation ventilation control system and method for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, and relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation. The left line and the right line of the tunnel share one ventilation shaft, combined air supply and exhaust are achieved, the construction cost and the construction difficulty of the ventilation shaft are reduced, and the construction efficiency of the ventilation shaft is improved. Lifting baffles are installed at the air outlet of the ventilation shaft exhaust duct and the air inlet of the air supply duct, and under the condition that the air volume of the ventilation shaft is fixed, the lifting baffles can control the air supply volume and the air exhaust volume of the left line and the right line of the tunnel. By arranging the intelligent operation ventilation control system and method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, the opening degree of the lifting baffle and the opening mode of the jet fan can be automatically adjusted according to the real-time condition in the tunnel, a ventilation scheme with the lowest fan energy consumption meeting the tunnel safety operation requirement is obtained, and the ventilation requirement can be met by executing according to the scheme; and the operation energy consumption can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and particularly relates to an intelligent operation ventilation control system and method for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel. Background Art

[0002] With the booming development of highway construction, the number and length of tunnels have both increased rapidly. For long highway tunnels, the ventilation scheme will directly affect the project cost, operation safety and operation efficiency of the tunnel. Therefore, it is crucial to select a suitable ventilation scheme.

[0003] Currently, the longitudinal ventilation method of "ventilation shaft supply and exhaust + jet fan" is generally adopted for highway tunnels with a length greater than 6 km that have been built. Since the air supply (exhaust) volume and the length of the air ducts on the left and right lines of the tunnel are generally not equal, partitions (walls) are often installed in the ventilation shaft to separate the air supply (exhaust) ducts on the left and right lines. This air flow form is single and the operation control is simple, but the air supply volume and exhaust volume cannot be adjusted, which easily causes energy consumption waste.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent operation ventilation control system and method for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel to reasonably control the ventilation scale and reduce the construction cost and ventilation energy consumption on the premise of ensuring operation safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology wastes a large amount of air supply and exhaust in tunnels. The purpose is to provide an intelligent operation ventilation control system and method for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel. By adopting corresponding technical solutions, it has the beneficial effects of reasonably controlling the ventilation scale and reducing the construction cost and ventilation energy consumption.

[0006] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent operation ventilation control system for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, which includes a ventilation shaft, a connecting air duct, a left-line tunnel and a right-line tunnel.

[0008] The upper end of the ventilation shaft is connected to a fan room arranged on the ground, the lower end of the ventilation shaft is connected to the connecting air duct, a partition is arranged in the ventilation shaft, and the partition divides the ventilation shaft into a supply air shaft and an exhaust air shaft. The connecting air duct includes a left-line exhaust air duct, a left-line supply air duct, a right-line exhaust air duct and a right-line supply air duct connected to the left-line tunnel and the right-line tunnel. The left-line exhaust air duct and the right-line exhaust air duct are communicated with the exhaust air shaft, the left-line supply air duct and the right-line supply air duct are communicated with the supply air shaft, and lifting baffles are installed at the air outlets of the left-line exhaust air duct and the right-line exhaust air duct, and lifting baffles are installed at the air inlets of the left-line supply air duct and the right-line supply air duct.

[0009] Second aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent operation ventilation control method for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, which adopts an intelligent operation ventilation control system for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, and further includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Based on the slope change of the tunnel and the location of the ventilation shafts, obtain the air volume required for each section of the tunnel;

[0011] S2. Calculate the air supply and exhaust volume and exhaust volume of the left and right lines of the tunnel respectively;

[0012] S3. Add the air supply volumes of each ventilation shaft to the left and right lines of the tunnel to obtain the total designed air supply volume of each ventilation shaft; add the exhaust volumes of the left and right lines of the tunnel to each position to obtain the total designed exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft.

[0013] Further, in the present invention, the calculation process of the ventilation calculation module in the above step S3 is as follows:

[0014] a1. Based on the basic tunnel information and ventilation parameters, establish a ventilation network calculation model for the tunnel;

[0015] a2. Set the genetic algorithm parameters and initialize the population, that is, the combination of different lifting baffle opening degrees;

[0016] a3. Substitute into the ventilation network calculation model of the tunnel, and calculate the tunnel air flow distribution, fan opening plan and its fitness under the corresponding lifting baffle opening degree combination;

[0017] a4. Select, cross, and mutate to generate an offspring population;

[0018] a5. Judge whether the newly generated individual meets the ventilation requirements. If it meets the requirements, output the value with the lowest total ventilation energy consumption as the optimal ventilation plan; otherwise, continue to iterate until the requirements are met.

[0019] Further, in the present invention, the independent loop air pressure balance equation in the tunnel d1 ventilation network calculation model described in the above step a1 is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, R ij —The air resistance of the common branch of the i-th loop and the j-th loop, (N·s 2 ) / m 8 ; R ii —The independent branch air resistance in the i-th loop, (N·s 2 ) / m 8 ; q yi 、q yj —The air volume of the i-th loop and the j-th loop, m 3 / s; p i —The algebraic sum of the ventilation energy of the i-th loop, that is: pi = p j + p m + p t , p j — The working wind pressure of the fan, Pa; p m — The natural wind pressure, Pa; p t — The traffic wind pressure, Pa.

[0022] Furthermore, in the present invention, the ventilation volume of each section of the tunnel obtained by solving the independent loop wind pressure balance equation is compared with the required air volume. When the ventilation volume does not meet the requirements, the jet fans in the tunnel are turned on for adjustment.

[0023] Furthermore, in the present invention, the total ventilation energy consumption includes the total energy consumption of the jet fans and the total energy consumption of the axial fans. The total energy consumption of the jet fans is the total number of jet fans turned on multiplied by the power of a single fan. The energy consumption of the axial fans is calculated according to the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, Q a — The air volume of the axial fan, m 3 / s; p tot — The designed total pressure of the axial fan, obtained by multiplying the wind pressure of the loop where the axial fan is located in the ventilation network by a safety factor, Pa; t0 — The standard temperature, taken as 20 °C; t1 — The ambient temperature of the fan, °C; p0 — The standard atmospheric pressure, Pa; p1 — The ambient atmospheric pressure of the fan, Pa.

[0026] Furthermore, in the present invention, the opening degree combination of the lifting baffle described in step a2 is manifested as adjusting the opening degrees of the lifting baffles in multiple ventilation shafts simultaneously, and are respectively recorded as θ = (θ1, θ2, …, θ n ). The local resistance coefficients of the tunnel ventilation corresponding to different opening degrees satisfy the following formula:

[0027] ζ = 0.34 + 27.50·e -6.49θ

[0028] Substitute the calculated ζ = (ζ1, ζ2, …, ζ n ) into the tunnel ventilation network calculation model to obtain the tunnel operation ventilation plan and fan energy consumption under different opening degree combinations.

[0029] Furthermore, in the present invention, the exhaust air volume of the ventilation shaft is taken as the product of the required air volume in the upstream section of the ventilation shaft and the proposed exhaust ratio, and the supply air volume of the ventilation shaft is taken as the required air volume in the downstream section.

[0030] Furthermore, in the present invention, the range of the proposed exhaust ratio is 0.7 - 0.9.

[0031] Further, in the present invention, the basic tunnel information in the above step a1 includes tunnel cross-section, dimensions, length, the expressway grade where it is located, average summer temperature, and designed altitude.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. By sharing a ventilation shaft between the left and right tunnels of the present invention, combined air supply and exhaust are achieved, reducing the construction cost and difficulty of the ventilation shaft and improving the construction efficiency of the ventilation shaft.

[0034] 2. The combined air supply and exhaust tunnel intelligent operation ventilation control system and method provided by the present invention can automatically adjust the opening degree of the lifting baffle and the opening mode of the jet fan according to the real-time conditions in the tunnel, obtaining a ventilation plan with the lowest fan energy consumption that meets the requirements of tunnel safe operation. Executing according to the plan can not only meet the ventilation requirements but also reduce the operation energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel intelligent operation ventilation control system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional schematic diagram of A - A in

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the lifting baffle;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the local resistance coefficient of the lifting baffle varying with the opening degree;

[0040] Figure 5 is the control flow chart of the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel intelligent operation ventilation control system;

[0041] Figure 6 is the flow schematic diagram of the ventilation calculation module;

[0042] Figure 7 is the ventilation network schematic diagram of the existing independent air supply (exhaust) ventilation plan;

[0043] Figure 8 is the ventilation network schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 It is a curve graph showing the total energy consumption of the fan varying with the number of iterations;

[0045] Figure 10 It is a graph of the total energy consumption of the fan under different opening combinations of the lifting baffle;

[0046] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram comparing the fresh air volume and required air volume of each section in the tunnel of the existing independent supply (exhaust) ventilation scheme;

[0047] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram comparing the fresh air volume and required air volume of each section in the tunnel of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0048] Labels in the accompanying drawings and corresponding component names: 1 - ventilation shaft, 2 - connecting air duct, 201 - left - hand side exhaust air duct, 202 - right - hand side exhaust air duct, 203 - left - hand side supply air duct, 204 - right - hand side supply air duct, 3 - left - hand side tunnel, 4 - right - hand side tunnel, 5 - partition board, 6 - lifting baffle. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the present invention. The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "set", "installed", "connected" are used, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] Combined with Figure 1As shown in the figure, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an intelligent operation ventilation control system for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, which mainly includes four parts: ventilation shaft 1, connecting air duct 2, left-line tunnel 3, and right-line tunnel 4.

[0053] As Figure 1 shown, taking a certain tunnel ventilation plan as an example, in order to meet the ventilation requirements, a total of two ventilation shafts 1 are set up. The top of the ventilation shaft 1 is connected to the fan room at the bottom surface to ensure smooth air supply and exhaust at the top outlet of the ventilation shaft 1. Combining Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the partition 5 divides the ventilation shaft 1 into two parts: the exhaust shaft on the left side and the air supply shaft on the right side. The exhaust shaft is connected to the tops of the left-line exhaust air duct 201 and the right-line exhaust air duct 202, and the air supply shaft is connected to the tops of the left-line air supply duct 203 and the right-line air supply duct 204.

[0054] Furthermore, combining Figure 3 shown, lifting baffles 6 are installed at the air outlet positions of the left-line exhaust air duct 201 and the right-line exhaust air duct 202. Since the air outlet is connected to the exhaust shaft, when the ventilation volume of the ventilation shaft 1 is fixed, the lifting baffle 6 can control the ventilation volume of the left-line exhaust air duct 201 and the right-line exhaust air duct 202. Lifting baffles 6 are installed at the air inlet positions of the left-line air supply duct 203 and the right-line air supply duct 204. Since the air inlet is connected to the air supply shaft, when the ventilation volume of the air supply shaft is fixed, the lifting baffle 6 can control the ventilation volume of the left-line air supply duct 203 and the right-line air supply duct 204. The lifting baffle 6 is connected to an electric push rod, and the electric push rod is controlled by the control room to move, so that the opening degree of the lifting baffle 6 can be easily controlled, and the use effect is good.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel in this embodiment adopts the intelligent operation ventilation control system in Embodiment 1.

[0057] The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel can automatically adjust the opening degree at different connecting air ducts 2 according to the actual operation conditions of the tunnel, so as to achieve accurate air distribution from the ventilation shaft 1 to the left-line tunnel 3 and the right-line tunnel 4, and reduce the tunnel ventilation energy consumption while ensuring the safe operation of the tunnel.

[0058] Combining Figure 5 shown, the intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel needs to use:

[0059] The basic information module is used to collect and store the basic information of the tunnel, including the tunnel cross-section, dimensions, length, the grade of the expressway where it is located, the average summer temperature, the designed altitude, etc.;

[0060] The monitoring module is used to monitor the traffic volume and composition, temperature and humidity, natural wind speed and direction, pollutant concentration, tunnel wind speed, etc. in the tunnel in real time;

[0061] The required air volume calculation module calculates the theoretical required air volume of the tunnel based on the basic tunnel information, traffic flow data, and meteorological data according to the highway tunnel ventilation design rules. At the same time, the actual required air volume is calculated based on the measured pollutant concentration data, compared with the theoretical required air volume, and the required air volume correction coefficient is calculated to obtain the required air volume correction coefficient applicable to a specific tunnel for correcting the theoretical required air volume;

[0062] The supply (exhaust) air volume calculation module calculates the required air volume of each section of the tunnel based on the corrected required air volume, and calculates the designed supply (exhaust) air volume of each ventilation shaft 1 according to the predetermined exhaust ratio;

[0063] The ventilation calculation module performs the solution of the tunnel ventilation network based on the genetic optimization algorithm and the tunnel ventilation network theory, and obtains the air volume of each section of the tunnel and the supply (exhaust) air volume of the ventilation shaft to the left and right lines respectively when meeting the requirements of tunnel safe operation under different opening degrees combinations of the lifting baffles 6 in the connecting air ducts 2. Through continuous optimization and iteration of the opening degree combination of the baffles, the opening degree combination of the baffles and the jet fan opening scheme that minimize the ventilation energy consumption of the tunnel operation ventilation system are obtained;

[0064] The control unit adjusts the opening degree of the lifting baffle 6 and opens and closes the jet fan based on the ventilation scheme obtained by the ventilation calculation module;

[0065] The ventilation parameter correction module, after the ventilation scheme is adjusted, monitors the actual wind speed in the tunnel and the connecting air ducts 2 in real time, obtains the air volume of each section of the tunnel and the supply (exhaust) air volume of the ventilation shaft 1 to the left and right lines respectively, compares with the air volume obtained by the ventilation calculation module, and obtains the air volume correction parameter for correcting the ventilation network calculation parameters in the ventilation calculation module;

[0066] The evaluation and monitoring module analyzes whether the required air volume of each section of the tunnel meets the requirements, and performs real-time monitoring and adjustment to ensure that the ventilation effect meets the requirements.

[0067] Combined with Figure 6 As shown in

[0068] S1. Based on the tunnel slope change and the position of the ventilation shaft 1, calculate the required air volume of each section of the tunnel;

[0069] S2. Calculate the air supply volume and exhaust air volume of each ventilation shaft 1 in the left-line tunnel 3 and the right-line tunnel 4 respectively. For a certain ventilation shaft 1 in a certain line, take the product of the required air volume in the upstream section of the ventilation shaft 1 and the proposed exhaust air ratio (generally set at 0.7 - 0.9, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation) as the exhaust air volume of this ventilation shaft 1, and take the required air volume in the downstream section as the air supply volume of this ventilation shaft 1;

[0070] S3. Add up the air supply volumes of each ventilation shaft 1 to the left and right lines of the tunnel to obtain the total designed air supply volume of each ventilation shaft 1; add up the exhaust air volumes from the left and right lines of the tunnel to each ventilation shaft 1 to obtain the total designed exhaust air volume of each ventilation shaft 1.

[0071] The calculation process in S3 above is as follows:

[0072] a1. Based on the basic tunnel information and ventilation parameters, establish a ventilation network calculation model for a specific tunnel;

[0073] a2. Set the genetic algorithm parameters and initialize the population, that is, combinations of different opening degrees of the lifting baffle 6;

[0074] a3. Substitute into the ventilation network calculation model of the tunnel, and calculate the air flow distribution in the tunnel, the fan opening plan and its fitness (i.e., the total energy consumption of tunnel ventilation) corresponding to the combination of the opening degrees of the lifting baffle 6;

[0075] a4. Select, cross, and mutate to generate an offspring population;

[0076] a5. Judge whether the newly generated individuals meet the ventilation requirements. If they meet the requirements, output the value with the lowest total ventilation energy consumption as the optimal ventilation plan; otherwise, continue to iterate until the requirements are met.

[0077] Furthermore, for the ventilation network calculation model of the tunnel in step a1, generally using the Scott - Hinsley to solve complex ventilation networks. For a tunnel ventilation network diagram G=(V, E) with the number of nodes m, the number of branches n, and the number of independent loops b (b = n - m + 1), select a group of chordal air volumes of the co - tree as the independent loop air volumes, and calibrate their wind directions, denoted as Q y =(q y1 , q y2 ,…, q yb ), then from the independent loop wind pressure balance equation, the following non - linear equations can be listed:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, R ij —the wind resistance of the common branch between the i - th loop and the j - th loop, (N·s 2 ) / m 8 ; R ii—The air resistance of the independent branch in the i-th circuit, (N·s 2 ) / m 8 ; q yi 、q yj —The air volume of the i-th circuit and the j-th circuit, m 3 / s; p i —The algebraic sum of the ventilation energy in the i-th circuit, that is: p i = p j + p m + p t ,p j —The working wind pressure of the fan, Pa; p m —The natural wind pressure, Pa; p t —The traffic wind pressure, Pa.

[0080] There are b equations in the factor, and the equations contain b unknowns Q y = (q y1 , q y2 , …, q yb ), so this equation has a definite solution. Using the approximate values of a set of roots in the equation, the equation is expanded by Taylor series, and the air volume correction value is obtained through simplification. The ventilation volume of each section of the tunnel is calculated, and then the fresh air volume of each section of the tunnel is obtained. The fresh air volume of the tunnel is compared with the required air volume. When the fresh air volume does not meet the requirements, the jet fans in the tunnel are turned on for adjustment, and the air volume of the circuit is recalculated until the requirements are met, and the tunnel operation ventilation plan and the total ventilation energy consumption are output.

[0081] Furthermore, the total ventilation energy consumption includes the total energy consumption of the jet fans and the total energy consumption of the axial fans. The total energy consumption of the jet fans is the total number of jet fans turned on multiplied by the single power. The energy consumption of the axial fans is calculated according to the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, Q a —The air volume of the axial fan, m 3 / s; p tot —The designed total pressure of the axial fan, which can be obtained by multiplying the wind pressure of the circuit where the axial fan is located in the ventilation network by the safety factor, Pa; t0—the standard temperature, taken as 20°C; t1—the ambient temperature of the fan, °C; p0—the standard atmospheric pressure, Pa; p1—the ambient atmospheric pressure of the fan, Pa.

[0084] The opening degree combination of the lifting baffle 6 in step a2 generally shows that the opening degrees of the lifting baffles 6 in multiple ventilation shafts 1 are adjusted simultaneously, denoted as θ = (θ1, θ2, …, θ n ), and the local resistance coefficients of the tunnel ventilation corresponding to different opening degrees are as Figure 4 shown, satisfying the following formula:

[0085] ζ=0.34+27.50·e -6.49θ

[0086] The calculated ζ=(ζ1,ζ2,…,ζ n ) was substituted into the tunnel ventilation network calculation model to obtain the tunnel operation ventilation scheme and fan energy consumption under different opening degree combinations.

[0087] Specifically, the intelligent operation ventilation control method of the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel of this embodiment takes the tunnel ventilation plan of a certain place as an example. In order to meet the ventilation requirements, two ventilation shafts 1 are set up. The lengths of the two lines of the 1# ventilation shaft 1 are 1973m and 2075m respectively, and the distance from the bottom of the ventilation shaft 1 to the entrance of the right-line tunnel 4 is 4330m; the lengths of the two lines of the 2# ventilation shaft 1 are 1094m and 1053m respectively, and the distance from the bottom of the ventilation shaft 1 to the exit of the right-line tunnel 4 is 2857m.

[0088] The existing independent supply (exhaust) ventilation network diagram is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the intelligent operation ventilation control method of the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel of this embodiment 2 is as follows Figure 8 As shown in the figure, numbers 1 to 24 are node numbers, e1 to e 26 is the edge number, used for network calculation; e 19 ~e 26 It is the ventilation shaft 1 side, set as the fixed air volume side, the air volume is fixed, e2, e4, e7 and e9 are short roads, the length is only 50m, and during the analysis process, only the positive air flow is guaranteed. The most unfavorable working condition of the project is the long-term driving speed of 40km / h to dilute pollutants. The required air volume is as follows: Figure 8 During the network solution, the side where ventilation shaft 1 is located is a fixed air volume side, where the exhaust ratio of the left line of 1# ventilation shaft 1 is 0.7, the exhaust ratio of the right line of 1# and 2# ventilation shaft 1 is 0.8, and the exhaust ratio of the left line of 2# ventilation shaft is 0.8. The air volume of the inclined shaft is the required air volume of the main tunnel immediately downstream.

[0089] For the existing independent supply (exhaust) ventilation scheme, without turning on the jet fans, the fresh air in the entrance section and middle section of the left tunnel 3 is insufficient, and 14 and 4 jet fans need to be turned on respectively to make the air volume in each section meet the requirements. The comparison of the fresh air volume and required air volume in each section of the main tunnel is as follows: Figure 11 The total fan energy consumption under this ventilation scheme is 4364.11kW, and the specific results are shown in the following table.

[0090] For the intelligent operation ventilation control method of the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, without turning on the jet fan and adjusting the lifting damper 6, the fresh air volume and required air volume of each section of the main tunnel are compared. Figure 12As shown in the figure, the fresh air in each section of the right-line tunnel 4 is surplus, while the fresh air in the middle section e8 and the exit section e10 of the left-line tunnel 3 is insufficient, with the differences being 12.02 m3 / s and 27.89 m3 / s respectively. If the jet fans are adjusted by opening the main tunnel, 12 and 38 jet fans can be opened at e8 and e10 respectively. At this time, the fresh air volume in each section of the tunnel is as Figure 11 shown. The air volume in the entrance section of the left line is surplus by 121.89 m3 / s, and the wind speed in the exit section just meets the requirements, with a surplus of 1.47 m3 / s. The total fan energy consumption is shown in the following table.

[0091]

[0092] Furthermore, according to the general law of the stability of a simple air network for a preliminary judgment, the lifting baffle 6 in the connection air ducts 2 at e12 and e14 is selected for adjustment here. Increasing the air resistance of e12 can increase the air volume of e10, but at the same time, it will also cause a decrease in the air volume of e8; increasing the air resistance of e14 can increase the air volume of e5, but at the same time, it will also cause a decrease in the air volume of e6. Therefore, when the air volume requirements of multiple branches in the main tunnel are not met, it is difficult to directly obtain the adjustment plan for the lifting baffle 6 through the general law of the stability of the air network to maximize the utilization rate of fresh air in the tunnel.

[0093] Set the variables as the opening degrees of the lifting baffles 6 in the left-line air supply ducts 203 and the right-line air supply ducts 204 at e12 and e14. To avoid too small an air passage section and form a strong eddy current before and after the lifting baffle 6, the opening degree of the lifting baffle 6 is selected to be between (0.3 - 1). Randomly generate an initial population, with the population size being 50, the crossover probability being 0.7, the mutation probability being 0.02, and the number of iterations being 100 times. After iteration, the curve of the total fan energy consumption changing with the number of iterations is as Figure 9 shown. The total fan energy consumption diagram under different baffle opening degree combinations at the 100th iteration is as Figure 10 shown.

[0094] From Figure 9It can be seen that the program optimization effect is remarkable. Since the 10th iteration, the total energy consumption of the fans has been basically stabilized at 4269.91 kW. At this time, the opening degrees of the lifting baffles 6 in the e12 and e14 connection air ducts 2 are 0.310 and 0.942 respectively. The cross-sectional height H of the connection air duct 2 is 6.2 m, that is, the corresponding air passing opening heights h are 1.92 m and 5.84 m respectively. At this time, the air passing cross-sections of the left-line air supply duct 203 and the right-line air supply duct 204 are 14.94 m2 and 40.24 m2 respectively, and the air passing cross-section wind speeds are 22.04 m / s and 4.33 m / s respectively. At this time, only 12 and 28 jet fans need to be turned on in the middle section e8 and the exit section e10 of the left-line tunnel 3, and the fresh air volume in each section of the main tunnel can meet the requirements. Compared with the existing independent air supply (exhaust) ventilation scheme, more jet fans need to be turned on to distribute the air flow as needed, but the overall power of the axial fans is reduced, and the total energy consumption of the fans can be reduced by 955.80 kW, a reduction of 18.29%.

[0095] Therefore, for the intelligent operation ventilation control method of the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, a liftable lifting baffle 6 is set in the connection air duct 2 and connected to the intelligent ventilation control system, which can not only greatly reduce the construction cost and shorten the construction period, but also reduce the energy consumption of the tunnel ventilation operation, and make real-time adjustments according to the actual operation conditions of the tunnel to realize the intelligent ventilation control of the tunnel operation.

[0096] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent operation ventilation control system for a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, characterized in that, It includes a ventilation shaft, a connecting air duct, a left-line tunnel and a right-line tunnel. The upper end of the ventilation shaft is connected to a fan room arranged on the ground. The lower end of the ventilation shaft is connected to the connecting air duct. A partition is arranged in the ventilation shaft, and the partition divides the ventilation shaft into a supply air shaft and an exhaust air shaft. The connecting air duct includes a left-line exhaust air duct, a left-line supply air duct, a right-line exhaust air duct and a right-line supply air duct that are connected to the left-line tunnel and the right-line tunnel. The left-line exhaust air duct and the right-line exhaust air duct communicate with the exhaust air shaft. The left-line supply air duct and the right-line supply air duct communicate with the supply air shaft. Lifting baffles are installed at the air outlets of the left-line exhaust air duct and the right-line exhaust air duct, and lifting baffles are installed at the air inlets of the left-line supply air duct and the right-line supply air duct.

2. A method for intelligent operation ventilation control of a combined air supply and exhaust tunnel, characterized in that, Adopting the intelligent operation ventilation control system for the combined supply and exhaust tunnel as described in claim 1, it further includes the following steps. S1. Based on the slope change of the tunnel and the position of the ventilation shaft, obtain the required air volume for each section of the tunnel. S2. Calculate the supply and exhaust air volumes and the exhaust air volume of the left and right lines of the tunnel respectively. S3. Add up the air volumes supplied from each ventilation shaft to the left and right lines of the tunnel to obtain the total designed supply air volume of each ventilation shaft; add up the exhaust air volumes from the left and right lines of the tunnel to each position to obtain the total designed exhaust air volume of the ventilation shaft.

3. The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel according to claim 2, wherein The calculation process of the ventilation calculation module in step S3 above is as follows. a1. Based on the basic information of the tunnel and ventilation parameters, establish a ventilation network calculation model of the tunnel. a2. Set the genetic algorithm parameters and initialize the population, that is, combinations of different opening degrees of the lifting baffles. a3. Substitute into the ventilation network calculation model of the tunnel, and calculate the air flow distribution in the tunnel, the fan opening scheme and its fitness corresponding to the combination of the opening degrees of the lifting baffles. a4. Select, cross and mutate to generate a new population. a5. Judge whether the newly generated individuals meet the ventilation requirements. If they meet the requirements, output the value with the lowest total ventilation energy consumption as the optimal ventilation scheme. Otherwise, continue to iterate until the requirements are met.

4. The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that The independent loop air pressure balance equation in the ventilation network calculation model of tunnel d1 in step a1 is as follows. where R ij — the air resistance of the common branch of the i-th and j-th circuits, (N·s 2 ) / m 8 ; Rii — the air resistance of the independent branch in the i-th circuit, (N·s 2 ) / m 8 ; q yi , q yj — the air volume of the i-th and j-th circuits, m 3 / s; pi — the algebraic sum of the ventilation energy of the i-th circuit, that is: p i = p j + p m + p t , p j — the working wind pressure of the fan, Pa; p m — the natural wind pressure, Pa; p t — the traffic wind pressure, Pa.

5. The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel according to claim 4, wherein Use the independent loop air pressure balance equation to solve and obtain the ventilation volume of each section of the tunnel, and compare it with the required air volume. When the ventilation volume does not meet the requirements, turn on the jet fans in the tunnel for adjustment.

6. The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel according to claim 4, wherein The total ventilation energy consumption includes the total energy consumption of the jet fans and the total energy consumption of the axial fans. The total energy consumption of the jet fans is the total number of jet fans turned on multiplied by the single fan power. The energy consumption of the axial fans is calculated according to the following formula. Where, Q a — Air volume of the axial flow fan, m 3 / s; p tot — Total designed pressure of the axial flow fan, obtained by multiplying the wind pressure of the loop where the axial flow fan is located in the ventilation network by the safety factor, Pa; t0 — Standard temperature, taken as 20°C; t1 — Ambient temperature of the fan, °C; p0 — Standard atmospheric pressure, Pa; p1 — Ambient atmospheric pressure of the fan, Pa.

7. According to the intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined supply and exhaust tunnel as described in claim 4, it is characterized in that The opening degree combination of the lifting baffle described in step a2 is manifested as adjusting the opening degrees of the lifting baffles in multiple ventilation shafts simultaneously, which are respectively recorded as θ = (θ1, θ2, …, θ n ), and the local resistance coefficients of tunnel ventilation corresponding to different opening degrees satisfy the following formula: ζ = 0.34 + 27.50·e -6.49θ Substitute the calculated ζ = (ζ1, ζ2, …, ζ n ) into the tunnel ventilation network calculation model to obtain the tunnel operation ventilation schemes and fan energy consumption under different opening combinations.

8. The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, Take the product of the required air volume in the upstream section of the ventilation shaft and the proposed exhaust ratio as the exhaust air volume of the ventilation shaft, and take the required air volume in the downstream section as the supply air volume of the ventilation shaft.

9. The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The range of the proposed exhaust ratio is 0.7 - 0.

9.

10. The intelligent operation ventilation control method for the combined air supply and exhaust tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The basic information of the tunnel in step a1 includes the tunnel cross-section, dimensions, length, the grade of the expressway where it is located, the average summer temperature and the designed altitude.

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