Inflatable escape pipeline

Abstract

The invention discloses an inflatable escape pipeline, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering equipment, the inflatable escape pipeline comprises a plurality of pipeline bodies which are sequentially communicated in the escape direction, and each pipeline body comprises an air bag assembly and pressure-bearing frames arranged in pairs; the air bag assembly is of a tubular structure capable of being folded and compressed or stretched along the axis, and an annular cavity matched with the overall structure of the air bag assembly is formed in the tube wall of the air bag assembly. The two pressure-bearing frames are both of an annular structure, distributed at the two ends of the air bag assembly in the axis direction of the air bag assembly and coaxially connected with the air bag assembly in a butt joint mode, each pressure-bearing frame is provided with an air source assembly communicated with the annular cavity, and the air source assemblies are provided with triggering mechanisms for triggering the air source assemblies to inflate the annular cavity in a matched mode. The device can be quickly unfolded, and the survival window period is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering equipment, and particularly to an inflatable escape pipeline. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in tunnel engineering, prefabricated escape pipes (φ800mm steel pipes) are mostly fixed along the wall. There are problems such as heavy weight (single section > 80kg), difficult transportation (requiring forklift cooperation), time-consuming deployment (one section is laid every 20m), and large occupation of the internal space of the tunnel. Moreover, the currently used prefabricated escape pipes cannot achieve dynamic risk avoidance. When a collapse occurs, workers need to run to the designated pipe entrance, and the survival window period is short (the golden rescue time < 15 minutes). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inflatable escape pipeline to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can be conveniently stored, occupy a small space, and can be quickly deployed to extend the survival window period.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an inflatable escape pipeline, which includes a plurality of pipe bodies connected in sequence along the escape direction. The pipe body includes an airbag assembly and a pair of pressure-bearing frames arranged in pairs. The airbag assembly is in a tubular structure that can be folded, compressed, or elongated along the axis. An annular cavity matching the overall structure of the airbag assembly is built in the tube wall of the airbag assembly. Both of the pressure-bearing frames are in a ring structure and are distributed at both ends along the axis direction of the airbag assembly and are coaxially docked with the airbag assembly. An air source assembly communicating with the annular cavity is provided on each of the pressure-bearing frames, and the air source assembly is equipped with a triggering mechanism for triggering it to inflate the annular cavity.

[0005] Preferably, the air source assembly includes an air cylinder, an electromagnetic valve, and a power supply all installed on the pressure-bearing frame. Compressed gas is stored in the air cylinder. The electromagnetic valve is connected between the outlet of the air cylinder and the annular cavity. The triggering mechanism is used to trigger the electromagnetic valve to open and connect the outlet of the air cylinder and the annular cavity, and the power supply is used to supply power to the air source assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the triggering mechanism includes a multi-modal sensor for collecting vibration signals, air pressure signals, and toxic gas signals. A plurality of the multi-modal sensors are arrayed on the outer surface of each of the pressure-bearing frames, and each of the multi-modal sensors is electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnetic valve.

[0007] Preferably, the triggering mechanism includes a manual opening mechanism for manually opening the electromagnetic valve, and the manual opening mechanism is installed on the pressure-bearing frame.

[0008] Preferably, the gas source assembly includes a receiving cavity, an electric igniter, and a gas generating agent capable of generating gas when heated; the receiving cavity is arranged on the pressure-bearing frame and communicated with the annular cavity; the gas generating agent is filled in the receiving cavity; the electric igniter is built in the receiving cavity and contacts the gas generating agent; the triggering mechanism is further configured to trigger the electric igniter to start heating the gas generating agent.

[0009] Preferably, the gas generating agent is a mixed powder of NaN3 and Fe2O3, and the gas generating agent reacts to generate N2 when heated.

[0010] Preferably, the triggering mechanism includes a pressure sensor electrically connected to the electric igniter, and the pressure sensor is installed on the gas cylinder and used to monitor the internal air pressure of the gas cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the triggering mechanism further includes a manual switch button installed on the pressure-bearing frame, and the manual switch button is used to manually turn on the electric igniter.

[0012] Preferably, a support skeleton extending coaxially with the annular cavity and having a spiral structure is built in the annular cavity.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of radially restraining bands having an elastic structure are coaxially wound around the outer peripheral side of the airbag assembly, and the radially restraining bands are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the airbag assembly.

[0014] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0015] The inflatable escape passage disclosed by the present invention is in an uninflated state during the layout process, so that the pipeline body is in a compressed state, which is convenient for storage, occupies a small space, and reduces interference during the construction of the tunnel. Then, each pipeline body is placed starting from the construction position and connected and arranged in sequence along the escape route direction. When an accident such as a collapse occurs, the gas source assembly is automatically or manually turned on through the triggering mechanism to inflate the annular cavity, so that each pipeline body can be quickly deployed until the entire inflatable escape pipeline can extend to a safe area, avoiding the situation of the fixed escape passage in the prior art, which has a certain distance from the construction site in order to reduce the impact on the construction, and still needs to run to the entrance of the escape passage during the escape process. After being compressed, the present invention can swing starting from the construction site and automatically extend to a safe area after being deployed, and the construction personnel can enter the inflatable escape passage without running a large distance, thus extending the survival window period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inflated escape pipeline disclosed by the present invention after being deployed;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inflated escape pipeline disclosed by the present invention before being deployed;

[0019] Among them, 1 - pipeline body, 2 - pressure-bearing frame, 3 - airbag assembly, 4 - manual opening mechanism, 5 - detachable connection member. Specific embodiments

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inflated escape pipeline to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can be conveniently stored, occupy a small space, and can be quickly deployed to extend the survival window period.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Such as Figures 1 to 2As shown in the figure, the present invention provides an inflatable escape pipeline, which includes a plurality of pipeline bodies 1 connected in sequence along the escape direction. The pipeline body 1 includes an airbag assembly 3 and a pair of pressure-bearing frames 2 arranged in pairs. The airbag assembly 3 is a tubular structure capable of folding, compressing or stretching along the axis. Preferably, the airbag assembly 3 is integrally in a corrugated structure to utilize the characteristics of the corrugated structure, so that the airbag assembly 3 can be compressed and stretched along the corrugated structure. An annular cavity matching the overall structure of the airbag assembly 3 is built in the pipe wall of the airbag assembly 3. Both pressure-bearing frames 2 are in a ring structure and are distributed at both ends of the airbag assembly 3 along the axis direction of the airbag assembly 3 and are coaxially docked with the airbag assembly 3. Preferably, the pressure-bearing frame 2 adopts a titanium alloy honeycomb sandwich structure with a wall thickness of 8 mm and a yield strength ≥ 650 MPa. An air source assembly communicating with the annular cavity is provided on each pressure-bearing frame 2, and the air source assembly is equipped with a triggering mechanism for triggering it to inflate the annular cavity. In the process of arranging the inflatable escape passage disclosed by the present invention, the entire airbag assembly 3 is in an uninflated state, so that the pipeline body 1 is in a compressed state, which is convenient for storage, occupies a small space, and reduces interference during the tunnel construction process. Its folded volume is less than 0.3 m 3 . Then, each pipeline body 1 is placed starting from the construction position and arranged in sequence along the escape route direction. When an accident such as a collapse occurs, the air source assembly is automatically or manually opened through the triggering mechanism to inflate the annular cavity, so that each pipeline body 1 can be quickly unfolded until the entire inflatable escape pipeline can extend to a safe area, avoiding the situation in the prior art where the fixed escape passage has a certain distance from the construction site in order to reduce the impact on construction, and still needs to run to the entrance of the escape passage during the escape process. After being compressed, the present invention can swing starting from the construction site and automatically extend to a safe area after being unfolded. Construction workers do not need to run a long distance to enter the inflatable escape passage, thus extending the survival window period.

[0024] In this embodiment, two adjacent pipe bodies 1 are coaxially detachably connected through a pressure-bearing frame 2, and the pressure-bearing frames 2 between two adjacent pipe bodies 1 are connected through detachable connectors 5; preferably, a mortise and tenon type quick-connect buckle is provided between the pressure-bearing frames 2 of two adjacent pipe bodies 1 to achieve axial anti-torsion connection of multiple pipe bodies 1. Among them, the mortise and tenon type quick-connect buckle includes multiple groups of male and female ends that are inserted and matched. The male end is preferably an insertion block, and the female end is preferably a slot that matches the structure of the insertion block. For the convenience of manufacturing, multiple groups of insertion blocks are preferably provided on the same pressure-bearing frame 2 between two cooperating pressure-bearing frames 2, and the insertion blocks are evenly distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the pressure-bearing frame 2. Multiple groups of slots are provided on the other pressure-bearing frame 2. During the connection process of two adjacent pipe bodies 1, each insertion block is synchronously inserted into each slot, and a locking pin that expands and contracts along the direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the insertion block is provided at each slot, and a locking port for the locking pin to insert is provided on each insertion block. After the insertion block is inserted into the slot, the locking pin is inserted into the locking port to complete the locking connection between the two pressure-bearing frames 2, thereby ensuring that the axial torque bearing of multiple pipe bodies 1 > 300 N·m.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the gas source assembly includes a gas cylinder, an electromagnetic valve, and a power supply that are all installed on the pressure-bearing frame 2; compressed gas is stored in the gas cylinder, and the gas is preferably an inert gas, such as nitrogen, etc. Specifically, the gas cylinder is a high-pressure gas cylinder with a volume of 1.5 L. After the gas is compressed into the gas cylinder, the gas pressure inside the gas cylinder is about 35 MPa. The electromagnetic valve is connected between the outlet of the gas cylinder and the annular cavity; the triggering mechanism is used to trigger the electromagnetic valve to open and connect the outlet of the gas cylinder and the annular cavity. After the triggering mechanism triggers the electromagnetic valve to open, the gas cylinder completes the inflation work of the annular cavity in about 0.8 seconds. The power supply is used to supply power to the gas source assembly to ensure the electrical control opening of mechanisms such as the electromagnetic valve. Preferably, the power supply is a rechargeable battery, and during use, operating regulations are formulated, and it is necessary to specify construction personnel to regularly check the status of the power supply and perform operations such as charging the power supply in a timely manner.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the triggering mechanism includes a multi-modal sensor for collecting vibration signals, air pressure signals, and toxic gas signals. A plurality of multi-modal sensors are arrayed on the outer surface of each pressure-bearing frame 2, and each multi-modal sensor is electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnetic valve. After the multi-modal sensor detects the corresponding signal in the tunnel, it can output the corresponding signal to the control system, and then the control system issues an electrical control instruction to drive the electromagnetic valve to open, completing the work of automatic induction and inflating the annular cavity.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, the triggering mechanism includes a manual opening mechanism 4 for manually opening the solenoid valve. The manual opening mechanism 4 is installed on the pressure-bearing frame 2. Based on the embodiment with a multi-modal sensor, in the case where the multi-modal sensor does not trigger the solenoid valve or the power supply is damaged, the solenoid valve can be manually opened through the manual opening mechanism 4 to ensure the conduction of the solenoid valve. In this embodiment, the manual opening mechanism 4 preferably adopts a pull rod or the like, and the solenoid valve adopts a pilot-operated or large-diameter solenoid valve. The push rod on the solenoid valve body is connected through the pull rod. In specific applications, the push rod is pulled by the pull rod until the valve is opened. And the pull rod is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the pressure-bearing frame 2, so that during the process of the construction personnel passing through the pipeline body 1, the solenoid valve can be triggered through the pull rod, and there is no need to take risks to trigger the solenoid valve outside the pipeline body 1.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the gas source assembly includes a receiving cavity, an electric igniter, and a gas-generating agent capable of generating gas when heated; the receiving cavity is arranged on the pressure-bearing frame 2 and is communicated with the annular cavity. Preferably, the receiving cavity is located on the inner peripheral side of the pressure-bearing frame 2 to avoid damage to the receiving cavity when the tunnel collapses; the gas-generating agent is filled in the receiving cavity; the electric igniter is built in the receiving cavity and is in contact with the gas-generating agent; the triggering mechanism is also used to trigger the electric igniter to start heating the gas-generating agent. In the specific use process, the electric igniter is triggered to start by the triggering mechanism, so as to use the electric igniter to heat the gas-generating agent, so that the gas-generating agent generates a large amount of non-toxic and harmless gas after being heated and is introduced into the annular cavity, and then the entire airbag assembly 3 can be unfolded and elongated.

[0029] In this embodiment, the receiving cavity, the electric igniter, and the gas-generating agent capable of generating gas when heated can exist independently. By electrically connecting the electric igniter to the multi-modal sensor, after the multi-modal sensor detects the corresponding signal in the tunnel, it can output the corresponding signal to the control system. Then, the control system issues an electric control command to drive the electric igniter to start, completing the automatic induction and the work of inflating the annular cavity.

[0030] In this embodiment, the receiving cavity, the electric igniter, and the gas-generating agent capable of generating gas when heated coexist with the gas cylinder and the solenoid valve, etc. The gas output by the gas cylinder is used as the main gas source, and the gas generated by the gas-generating agent when heated is used as the auxiliary gas source. When the gas cylinder fails to output gas, the electric igniter is turned on, so that the gas-generating agent generates a large amount of non-toxic and harmless gas after being heated and is introduced into the annular cavity. Whether using the gas cylinder or the gas-generating agent, it can ensure that after the gas is filled into the annular cavity, the unfolding of the pipeline body 1 can be limited within 30 seconds.

[0031] In this embodiment, the accommodation cavity is part of the pressure-bearing frame 2 and is integrally formed with the pressure-bearing frame 2. It is arranged on the side of the pressure-bearing frame 2 close to the airbag assembly 3. Preferably, the accommodation cavity is in a ring structure and is coaxially communicated with the annular cavity of the airbag assembly 3. A ring-to-ring self-compensating sealing ring is connected between the pressure-bearing frame 2 and the airbag assembly 3. Preferably, it is made of Viton fluororubber and can maintain airtightness within a misalignment range of 5 - 15 mm (leakage rate < 0.1 L / min @ 10 kPa). The gas cylinder can be arranged in the accommodation cavity and is connected to the solenoid valve through an outlet pipe, so that the outlet pipe extends into the annular cavity to avoid affecting the gas-generating agent.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the gas-generating agent is a mixed powder of NaN3 and Fe2O3. When the gas-generating agent is heated, it reacts to generate N2. Sodium azide NaN3 decomposes to form sodium Na and nitrogen N2, and sodium reacts with iron oxide Fe2O3 to form stable and harmless sodium oxide and iron. This reaction consumes metallic sodium and avoids the residue of dangerous substances.

[0033] In this embodiment, a small amount of highly sensitive gunpowder, such as guanidine nitrate, is wrapped around the electric igniter to ensure that the electric igniter quickly heats the gas-generating agent.

[0034] As another preference, the gas-generating agent is equipped with a self-igniting material, such as white phosphorus or potassium-sodium alloy. By pre-isolating and encapsulating the gas-generating agent and the self-igniting material respectively, and supporting a perforating rod, etc., when the electric igniter cannot heat the gas-generating agent or there is no electric igniter, the encapsulation structure is damaged by the perforating rod, so that the self-igniting material contacts the gas-generating agent and simultaneously contacts the remaining oxygen in the accommodation cavity and the annular cavity, triggering a self-ignition reaction and then generating gas.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the triggering mechanism includes a pressure sensor electrically connected to the electric igniter. The pressure sensor is installed on the gas cylinder and is used to monitor the internal air pressure of the gas cylinder. The internal air pressure signal of the gas cylinder detected by the pressure sensor is transmitted to the control system. When the control system recognizes that the air pressure signal is not within the range, it then outputs a corresponding electrical signal to the electric igniter to turn on the electric igniter.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the triggering mechanism further includes a manual switch button installed on the pressure-bearing frame 2. The manual switch button is used to manually turn on the electric igniter to heat the gas-generating agent by manually turning on the electric igniter when the pressure sensor and the like are damaged.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, a support framework with a spiral structure that extends coaxially with the annular cavity is disposed inside the annular cavity to enhance the pressure-bearing strength of the entire airbag assembly 3. In this embodiment, the support framework is made of shape memory alloy NiTiNOL, and its phase transition temperature is -10°C. Further, preferably, the airbag assembly 3 is made of a double-layer aramid fabric as the matrix. In combination with the support framework, the compressive protection of the entire airbag assembly 3 is greater than 2 MPa. Moreover, a polyurethane puncture-proof coating is applied to the outer layer of the airbag assembly 3 to ensure the safety of the entire airbag assembly 3 during use.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, a plurality of radially restraining bands with an elastic structure are coaxially wound around the outer periphery of the airbag assembly 3. The radially restraining bands are equally spaced along the axial direction of the airbag assembly 3. By providing the radially restraining bands, the airbag assembly 3 is prevented from over-inflating and bursting. Preferably, the radially restraining bands are made of carbon fiber braided tapes, and the adjustable range of their pre-tightening force is 200 - 500 N.

[0039] Adaptations made according to actual requirements are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0041] Specific examples are used in the present invention to illustrate the principles and implementation manners of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inflatable escape pipe, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of pipe bodies that are sequentially connected along the escape direction. The pipe body includes an airbag assembly and paired pressure-bearing frames. The airbag assembly is a tubular structure that can be folded, compressed or elongated along the axis. An annular cavity matching the overall structure of the airbag assembly is built into the tube wall of the airbag assembly. Both of the pressure-bearing frames are annular structures, distributed at both ends along the axis direction of the airbag assembly, and coaxially docked with the airbag assembly. An air source assembly communicating with the annular cavity is provided on each of the pressure-bearing frames, and the air source assembly is equipped with a triggering mechanism for triggering it to inflate the annular cavity.

2. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air source assembly includes a gas cylinder, a solenoid valve and a power supply, all of which are installed on the pressure-bearing frame. Compressed gas is stored in the gas cylinder; the solenoid valve is connected between the outlet of the gas cylinder and the annular cavity; the triggering mechanism is used to trigger the solenoid valve to open and connect the outlet of the gas cylinder and the annular cavity, and the power supply is used to supply power to the air source assembly.

3. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 2, wherein, The triggering mechanism includes a multi-modal sensor for collecting vibration signals, air pressure signals and toxic gas signals. A plurality of the multi-modal sensors are arrayed on the outer surface of each of the pressure-bearing frames, and each of the multi-modal sensors is electrically connected to the corresponding solenoid valve.

4. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The triggering mechanism includes a manual opening mechanism for manually opening the solenoid valve, and the manual opening mechanism is installed on the pressure-bearing frame.

5. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air source assembly includes a receiving cavity, an electric igniter and a gas-generating agent capable of generating gas when heated. The receiving cavity is arranged on the pressure-bearing frame and communicates with the annular cavity; the gas-generating agent is filled in the receiving cavity; the electric igniter is built into the receiving cavity and contacts the gas-generating agent; the triggering mechanism is also used to trigger the electric igniter to start heating the gas-generating agent.

6. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that The gas-generating agent uses a mixed powder of NaN3 and Fe2O3, and N2 is generated after the gas-generating agent is heated.

7. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that, The triggering mechanism includes a pressure sensor electrically connected to the electric igniter. The pressure sensor is installed on the gas cylinder and is used to monitor the internal air pressure of the gas cylinder.

8. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that, The triggering mechanism further includes a manual switch button installed on the pressure-bearing frame, and the manual switch button is used to manually turn on the electric igniter.

9. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 1, wherein A support skeleton that extends coaxially with the annular cavity and has a spiral structure is built into the annular cavity.

10. The inflatable escape pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of elastic radial restraint bands are coaxially wound around the outer peripheral side of the airbag assembly, and each of the radial restraint bands is equally spaced along the axis direction of the airbag assembly.

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