Two-stage throttling refrigerator and throttling refrigeration detector

Abstract

The invention relates to a two-stage throttling refrigerator and a throttling refrigeration detector. The two-stage throttling refrigerator comprises a mandrel; the inner cold finger is arranged on the periphery of the core shaft in a sleeving manner, and a heat exchange space is formed between the inner cold finger and the core shaft; the whole throttling element is located in the heat exchange space, a first inner cavity and a second inner cavity are formed in the throttling element, and a first refrigeration level throttling hole and a second refrigeration level throttling hole are formed in the throttling element; the pre-cooling-stage refrigeration passage is communicated with a first gas working medium gas source and a first inner cavity of the throttling element; and the refrigeration-stage refrigeration passage is respectively communicated with a second gas working medium gas source and the second inner cavity of the throttling element. Different gas working media are guided to flow into the same throttling element through the pre-cooling-stage refrigeration channel and the refrigeration-stage refrigeration channel, throttling refrigeration is achieved through the same throttling element, and pre-cooling-stage refrigeration and refrigeration-stage refrigeration can be achieved through the refrigeration characteristics of the gas working media of different gas sources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerators, and in particular to a double-stage throttling refrigerator and a throttling refrigeration detector. Background Art

[0002] Existing throttling refrigerators mostly use a single gas source, namely nitrogen or argon as the refrigerant. Among them, argon cools quickly but has a high cooling temperature. Compared with argon, nitrogen has a lower cooling temperature but a slower cooling speed. If a single gas source is used, it is impossible to take into account the advantages of both gas sources at the same time, and it is impossible to meet the rapid cooling needs in different scenarios.

[0003] At the same time, there are technical solutions in the prior art for realizing pre-cooling stage refrigeration and refrigeration stage refrigeration through the same throttling refrigerator. For example, the application document with application number 202323573289.X and patent name “A two-stage throttling refrigerator and detector” discloses a similar solution, which only uses a single gas source as the refrigerant, and the function of the pre-cooling stage heat exchange tube is only to cool the gas in the refrigeration stage heat exchange tube, rather than directly cooling components such as chips. At the same time, the refrigerator needs to separately set two throttling elements at different positions, which makes the overall structure of the refrigerator complicated. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a two-stage throttling refrigerator and a throttling refrigeration detector, which respectively guide different gaseous working media to flow into the same throttling element through a pre-cooling stage refrigeration passage and a refrigeration stage refrigeration passage, and realize throttling refrigeration through the same throttling element, thereby realizing pre-cooling stage refrigeration and refrigeration stage refrigeration by utilizing the refrigeration characteristics of gas working media of different gas sources.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, a two-stage throttling refrigerator is provided, which includes a core shaft; an inner cooling finger, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the core shaft and forms a heat exchange space between the inner cooling finger and the core shaft; a throttling element, which is located in the heat exchange space as a whole and has a first internal cavity, a second internal cavity, and a first refrigeration stage throttling hole communicating with the first internal cavity and a second refrigeration stage throttling hole communicating with the second internal cavity; the first refrigeration stage throttling hole and the second refrigeration stage throttling hole are both facing the workpiece to be cooled;

[0007] A pre-cooling stage refrigeration passage, which is connected to the first gas source and the first internal cavity of the throttling element respectively;

[0008] And, a refrigeration-stage refrigeration passage, which is respectively connected to the second gas working medium source and the second internal cavity of the throttling element.

[0009] Preferably, the two-stage throttling refrigerator further includes an inner cooling plate, which is connected to the top of the inner cooling finger and is provided with air holes.

[0010] Preferably, the two-stage throttling refrigerator further includes an outer cooling finger, which is sleeved around the outer periphery of the inner cooling finger; and an outer cooling plate, which is connected to the top of the outer cooling finger and is located outside the outer cooling finger for placing the workpiece to be cooled.

[0011] Preferably, the throttling element is further provided with a pre-cooling stage throttling hole communicating with the first internal cavity. When the first gaseous working medium passes through the pre-cooling stage throttling hole, it is cooled under the throttling refrigeration effect, and the cooled first gaseous working medium flows into the heat exchange space through the pre-cooling stage throttling hole.

[0012] Preferably, the gas outlet positions of the first refrigeration stage throttling hole and the second refrigeration stage throttling hole are both higher than the gas outlet position of the pre-cooling stage throttling hole.

[0013] Preferably, the types of the first gaseous working medium and the second gaseous working medium are different.

[0014] Preferably, the pre-cooling stage refrigeration path includes: a pre-cooling stage heat exchange tube, a first air inlet joint, and a first air inlet pipe;

[0015] The pre-cooling stage heat exchange tube is wound around the outer periphery of the mandrel and is located in the heat exchange space. The air inlet end of the pre-cooling stage heat exchange tube communicates with the first air inlet pipe, and the air outlet end communicates with the first internal cavity of the throttling element; the first air inlet joint respectively corresponds to and communicates with the first gaseous working medium gas source and the first air inlet pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the refrigeration stage refrigeration path includes: a refrigeration stage heat exchange tube, a second air inlet joint, and a second air inlet pipe;

[0017] The refrigeration stage heat exchange tube is wound around the outer periphery of the mandrel and is located in the heat exchange space. The air inlet end of the refrigeration stage heat exchange tube communicates with the second air inlet pipe, and the air outlet end communicates with the second internal cavity of the throttling element; the second air inlet joint respectively corresponds to and communicates with the second gaseous working medium gas source and the second air inlet pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the two-stage throttling refrigerator further includes:

[0019] A flange, which is connected to the mandrel and the inner cooling finger and has a gas path communicating with the pre-cooling stage refrigeration path and / or the refrigeration stage refrigeration path.

[0020] On the other hand, a throttling refrigeration detector is further provided, which includes the above two-stage throttling refrigerator and the workpiece to be cooled.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0022] The present invention guides different gas working fluids into the same throttling element through a precooling stage refrigeration path and a refrigeration stage refrigeration path respectively, and realizes throttling refrigeration through the same throttling element. That is, the precooling stage refrigeration and the refrigeration stage refrigeration can be realized by using the refrigeration characteristics of different gas source gas working fluids to meet the cooling requirements of different scenarios. At the same time, there is no need to set different throttling elements at different positions and open throttling holes on different throttling elements. Therefore, the structural design of the throttling refrigerator can be greatly simplified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the two-stage throttling refrigerator in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is the overall structure diagram of the two-stage throttling refrigerator with the internal cooling disk separated in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3a is the cross-sectional view of the two-stage throttling refrigerator in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3b is Figure 3a the enlarged view of part A in

[0027] Figure 4 is the overall structure diagram of the throttling unit in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is the connection state diagram of the throttling unit and the internal cooling disk in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is the overall structure diagram of the flange in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] As Figure 1-2 , shown in FIGS. 3a - 3b, this embodiment provides a two-stage throttling refrigerator, which includes:

[0033] A mandrel 1, whose overall structure is conical;

[0034] Internal cooling fingers 2, which are sleeved around the mandrel 1, and a heat exchange space S is formed between the mandrel 1 and the internal cooling fingers 2;

[0035] The internal cooling disk 3 is connected to the top of the internal cooling finger 2 and is provided with air holes 31. At the same time, the mandrel 1, the internal cooling finger 2, and the internal cooling disk 3 are coaxially arranged.

[0036] The external cooling finger is sleeved around the external of the internal cooling finger 2.

[0037] The external cooling disk is connected to the top of the external cooling finger and is located outside the external cooling finger for placing the workpiece to be cooled, and the position of the air hole 31 corresponds to the external cooling disk where the workpiece to be cooled is placed.

[0038] The throttling element 4 is connected to the internal cooling disk 3 and is entirely located in the heat exchange space S, and a first internal cavity 401 and a second internal cavity 402 that can both allow gas to flow are formed inside. At the same time, a pre-cooling stage throttling hole 41, a first refrigeration stage throttling hole 42, and a second refrigeration stage throttling hole 43 that communicate with the first internal cavity 401 are provided, and a second refrigeration stage throttling hole 43 that communicates with the second internal cavity 402 (as shown in Figure 3b , Figure 4), the first internal cavity 401 and the second internal cavity 402 do not communicate with each other, and the first refrigeration stage throttling hole 42 and the second refrigeration stage throttling hole 43 both correspond to the position of the air hole 31, both face the workpiece to be cooled, and both communicate with the air hole 31. Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 , in this embodiment, there can be only 1 air hole 31, which communicates with the first refrigeration stage throttling hole 42 and the second refrigeration stage throttling hole 43 at the same time, or there are at least 2 air holes 31, at least one air hole 31 communicates with the first refrigeration stage throttling hole 42, and at least one air hole 31 communicates with the second refrigeration stage throttling hole 43.

[0039] The pre-cooling stage refrigeration path includes being arranged in the heat exchange space S and respectively communicating with the first gas working medium gas source and the throttling element 4 for guiding the first gas working medium to flow into the first internal cavity 401 of the throttling element 4. When the first gas working medium passes through the pre-cooling stage throttling hole 41 and the first refrigeration stage throttling hole 42, it is cooled under the throttling refrigeration effect, and the cooled first gas working medium flows into the heat exchange space S through the pre-cooling stage throttling hole 41, realizes pre-cooling through heat exchange with the gas working medium flowing in the refrigeration stage refrigeration path, and flows out through the first refrigeration stage throttling hole 42 and the air hole 31 to directly cool the workpiece to be cooled, so as to realize pre-cooling stage refrigeration.

[0040] And a refrigeration-stage refrigeration passage, which is disposed in the heat exchange space S and is respectively connected to the second gas working medium gas source and the throttling element 4, and is used to guide the second gas working medium to flow into the second internal cavity 402 of the throttling element 4. When the second gas working medium passes through the second-stage refrigeration throttling orifice 43, it is cooled under the throttling refrigeration effect. The cooled second gas working medium flows out through the second-stage refrigeration throttling orifice 43 and the air hole 31 to directly cool the workpiece to be cooled, so as to achieve refrigeration-stage refrigeration. At the same time, the second gas working medium after refrigeration can return to the external atmospheric environment through the assembly gap between the internal cooling fingers (such as the external-internal cooling finger and the internal-internal cooling finger (i.e., the internal cooling finger 2 in this embodiment));

[0041] The types of the first gas working medium and the second gas working medium are different. For example, in this embodiment, the first gas working medium includes high-pressure argon, and the second gas working medium includes high-pressure nitrogen. In the height direction, the gas outlet positions of the first-stage refrigeration throttling orifice 42 and the second-stage refrigeration throttling orifice 43 are both higher than the gas outlet position of the pre-cooling-stage throttling orifice 41.

[0042] The working process of the two-stage throttling refrigerator is as follows:

[0043] The first gas working medium output from the first gas working medium gas source, such as high-pressure argon, etc., flows into the pre-cooling-stage heat exchange tube 7 of the pre-cooling-stage refrigeration passage in the heat exchange space S, and under the guidance of the pre-cooling-stage heat exchange tube 7, it flows into the first internal cavity 401 of the throttling element 4 and flows therein. Further, when the first gas working medium passes through the pre-cooling-stage throttling orifice 41 and the first-stage refrigeration throttling orifice 42, it is cooled under the throttling refrigeration effect. The cooled low-pressure and low-temperature gas working medium flows into the heat exchange space S through the pre-cooling-stage throttling orifice 41, and is pre-cooled by exchanging heat with the gas working medium flowing in the refrigeration-stage refrigeration passage (especially the refrigeration-stage heat exchange tube 10). At the same time, it flows out through the first-stage refrigeration throttling orifice 42 and the air hole 31 to directly cool the workpiece to be cooled, so as to achieve pre-cooling-stage refrigeration; at the same time, the gas working medium flowing into the heat exchange space S can be discharged through the assembly gap between the mandrel 1 and the internal cooling finger 2, or recovered and processed by other gas recovery devices to achieve recycling;

[0044] During the precooling stage refrigeration or after the precooling stage refrigeration ends, the second gaseous working medium output from the second gaseous working medium gas source, such as high-pressure nitrogen, etc., flows into the refrigeration stage heat exchange tube 10 of the refrigeration stage refrigeration path within the heat exchange space S, and under the guidance of the refrigeration stage heat exchange tube 10, it flows into the second internal cavity 402 of the throttling element 4 and flows therein. Further, when the second gaseous working medium passes through the second refrigeration stage throttling orifice 43, it is cooled under the throttling refrigeration effect, and the cooled second gaseous working medium flows out through the second refrigeration stage throttling orifice 43 and the air hole 31 to directly cool the workpiece to be cooled, so as to achieve refrigeration stage refrigeration.

[0045] Thus, the two-stage throttling refrigerator of this embodiment guides different gaseous working media into the same throttling element through the precooling stage refrigeration path and the refrigeration stage refrigeration path respectively, and flows out through different throttling orifices opened on the same throttling element, so that the refrigeration characteristics of gaseous working media from different gas sources can be utilized to correspondingly achieve precooling stage refrigeration and refrigeration stage refrigeration to meet the cooling requirements of different scenarios. At the same time, there is no need to set different throttling elements at different positions and open throttling orifices on different throttling elements. Therefore, the structural design of the throttling refrigerator can be greatly simplified.

[0046] Embodiment 2:

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is only that, as Figure 1 , as shown in FIG. 6, the precooling stage refrigeration path further includes: a first air inlet joint 5 and a first air inlet pipe 6. Among them, the precooling stage heat exchange tube 7 is wound around the periphery of the mandrel 1 and is located within the heat exchange space S, and the air inlet end of the precooling stage heat exchange tube 7 communicates with the first air inlet pipe 6, and the air outlet end communicates with the first internal cavity 401 of the throttling element 4; the first air inlet joint 5 respectively corresponds to communicate with the first gaseous working medium gas source and the first air inlet pipe 6;

[0048] After the first gaseous working medium is output, it sequentially passes through the first air inlet joint 5 and the first air inlet pipe 6 and enters the precooling stage heat exchange tube 7. After heat exchange through the precooling stage heat exchange tube 7, it enters the first internal cavity 401 of the throttling element 4, and after being cooled under the throttling effect, it flows out from the precooling stage throttling orifice 41 and the first refrigeration stage throttling orifice 42;

[0049] The refrigeration stage refrigeration path further includes: a second air inlet joint 8 and a second air inlet pipe 9. Among them, the refrigeration stage heat exchange tube 10 is wound around the periphery of the mandrel 1 and is located within the heat exchange space S, and the air inlet end of the refrigeration stage heat exchange tube 10 communicates with the second air inlet pipe 9, and the air outlet end communicates with the second internal cavity 402 of the throttling element 4; the second air inlet joint 8 respectively corresponds to communicate with the second gaseous working medium gas source and the second air inlet pipe 9;

[0050] After the second working gas is output, it successively passes through the second intake joint 8 and the second intake pipe 9 and enters the refrigeration-stage heat exchange pipe 10. After heat exchange in the refrigeration-stage heat exchange pipe 10, it enters the second internal cavity 402 of the throttling element 4. After being cooled under the throttling effect, it flows out from the second refrigeration-stage throttling orifice 43.

[0051] Preferably, in this embodiment, both the pre-cooling-stage heat exchange pipe 7 and the refrigeration-stage heat exchange pipe 10 are arranged in a spiral winding manner around the mandrel 1. In the heat exchange pipes wound in the same layer, both the pre-cooling-stage heat exchange pipe 7 and the refrigeration-stage heat exchange pipe 10 are included, or only the pre-cooling-stage heat exchange pipe 7 / refrigeration-stage heat exchange pipe 10 is included. At the same time, as Figure 3a shown in FIG. 5, the connections between the pre-cooling-stage heat exchange pipe 7 and the refrigeration-stage heat exchange pipe 10 and the throttling element 4 can all be realized through corresponding pipelines 13, and the arrangement of the pipelines 13 can be determined according to the overall layout of the structure;

[0052] In this embodiment, the pre-cooling-stage heat exchange pipe 7 and the refrigeration-stage heat exchange pipe 10 are wound and arranged in the same heat exchange space S. Thus, the gas working medium flowing in the same heat exchange pipe can exchange heat and at the same time cool the surrounding other heat exchange pipes to enhance the heat exchange effect of other heat exchange pipes.

[0053] Embodiment 3:

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 or 2 lies only in that, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the two-stage throttling refrigerator further includes:

[0055] A flange 11, which is connected to the mandrel 1 and the internal cooling finger 2 through components such as screws and bolts, and has a gas passage 111 communicating with the pre-cooling-stage refrigeration passage and / or the refrigeration-stage refrigeration passage. Specifically, in this embodiment, there can be multiple gas passages 111 of the flange 111, and they are located inside the mandrel 1. The first intake pipe 6 and the second intake pipe 9 are correspondingly connected to a gas passage 111 through pipeline structures such as hoses 12. The gas working medium of the external gas source can enter the corresponding gas passage 111 through the first intake pipe 6 and the second intake pipe 9, and then enter the pre-cooling-stage heat exchange pipe 7 and the refrigeration-stage heat exchange pipe 10 through the gas passage 111 to flow, so as to input the gas working medium from the gas source outside the internal cooling finger 6 into the heat exchange space S through the flange 11 to optimize the structural arrangement.

[0056] Embodiment 3:

[0057] This embodiment provides a throttling refrigeration detector, which includes: the two-stage throttling refrigerator described in Embodiment 1 or 2 and the workpiece to be cooled; wherein, the workpiece to be cooled is placed on the external cooling disk, and the external cooling disk corresponds to the position of the internal cooling disk 3. In this embodiment, the workpiece to be cooled includes a chip, preferably an infrared detector chip.

[0058] In summary, in the two-stage throttling refrigerator of the present application, different gaseous working fluids are respectively guided into the same throttling element through the pre-cooling stage refrigeration passage and the refrigeration stage refrigeration passage, and throttling refrigeration is achieved through the same throttling element. That is, the refrigeration characteristics of gaseous working fluids from different gas sources can be utilized to achieve pre-cooling stage refrigeration and refrigeration stage refrigeration, so as to meet the cooling requirements of different scenarios. At the same time, there is no need to set different throttling elements at different positions and open throttling holes on different throttling elements. Therefore, the structural design of the throttling refrigerator can be greatly simplified;

[0059] At the same time, the gaseous working fluid flowing into the throttling element in the pre-cooling stage heat exchange tube can cool the workpiece to be cooled and the refrigeration stage heat exchange tube simultaneously after throttling effect refrigeration, so as to enhance the heat exchange refrigeration effect.

[0060] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage throttling refrigerator, which includes a mandrel; an internal cooling finger sleeved around the mandrel, and a heat exchange space is formed between the internal cooling finger and the mandrel; Characterized in that, The two-stage throttling refrigerator further includes: A throttling element, which is entirely located in the heat exchange space, and a first internal cavity, a second internal cavity are formed inside, and a first refrigeration stage throttling hole communicating with the first internal cavity and a second refrigeration stage throttling hole communicating with the second internal cavity are provided; both the first refrigeration stage throttling hole and the second refrigeration stage throttling hole face the workpiece to be cooled; A pre-cooling stage refrigeration passage, which respectively communicates with a first gas working medium gas source and the first internal cavity of the throttling element; And a refrigeration stage refrigeration passage, which respectively communicates with a second gas working medium gas source and the second internal cavity of the throttling element.

2. The two-stage throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage throttling refrigerator further includes an internal cooling disc, which is connected to the top of the internal cooling finger and is provided with air holes.

3. The two-stage throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage throttling refrigerator further includes an external cooling finger sleeved around the internal cooling finger; and an external cooling disc connected to the top of the external cooling finger and located outside the external cooling finger for placing the workpiece to be cooled.

4. The two-stage throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The throttling element is further provided with a pre-cooling stage throttling hole communicating with the first internal cavity. When the first gas working medium passes through the pre-cooling stage throttling hole, it is cooled under the action of the throttling refrigeration effect, and the cooled first gas working medium flows into the heat exchange space through the pre-cooling stage throttling hole.

5. The two-stage throttling refrigerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gas outlet positions of the first refrigeration stage throttling hole and the second refrigeration stage throttling hole are both higher than the gas outlet position of the pre-cooling stage throttling hole.

6. The two-stage throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein, The types of the first gas working medium and the second gas working medium are different.

7. The two-stage throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-cooling stage refrigeration passage includes: a pre-cooling stage heat exchange tube, a first air inlet joint, and a first air inlet pipe; The pre-cooling stage heat exchange tube is wound around the periphery of the mandrel and is located in the heat exchange space. The air inlet end of the pre-cooling stage heat exchange tube communicates with the first air inlet pipe, and the air outlet end communicates with the first internal cavity of the throttling element; the first air inlet joint respectively communicates with the first gas working medium gas source and the first air inlet pipe.

8. The two-stage throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration stage refrigeration passage includes: a refrigeration stage heat exchange tube, a second air inlet joint, and a second air inlet pipe; The refrigeration stage heat exchange tube is wound around the periphery of the mandrel and is located in the heat exchange space. The air inlet end of the refrigeration stage heat exchange tube communicates with the second air inlet pipe, and the air outlet end communicates with the second internal cavity of the throttling element; the second air inlet joint respectively communicates with the second gas working medium gas source and the second air inlet pipe.

9. The two-stage throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage throttling refrigerator further includes: A flange, which connects the mandrel and the internal cooling finger and has a gas passage communicating with the pre-cooling stage refrigeration passage and / or the refrigeration stage refrigeration passage.

10. A throttling refrigeration detector, characterized in that, Including the two-stage throttling refrigerator according to any one of claims 1-9 and the workpiece to be cooled.

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