Method and system for detecting change of central axis of circular tunnel

Abstract

The invention provides a circular tunnel central axis change detection method. The method comprises the following steps: arranging an inverted T-shaped scale and a total station; acquiring plane coordinates and elevation of the reflective sticker; a horizontal curve is designed based on the tunnel, and the real-time mileage of the reflective sticker is obtained through a curve intersection method according to the plane coordinates; based on a tunnel design horizontal curve, according to the real-time mileage of the reflective sticker and through a curve intersection method, obtaining a chord ruler midpoint theoretical plane coordinate; obtaining the theoretical elevation of the tunnel center line corresponding to the real-time mileage of the reflective sticker; obtaining a chord ruler bottom midpoint theoretical elevation; the variable quantity of the central axis on the horizontal plane is obtained; acquiring the measurement elevation of the bottom midpoint of the chord ruler; acquiring the elevation variation of the central axis; the steps are repeated until measurement analysis of all the detection positions of the first section of the tunnel is completed; obtaining a root-mean-square error of the section of the corresponding tunnel, wherein the root-mean-square error is used for reflecting the overall precision of a point set; the invention further provides a detection system for the central axis change of the circular tunnel. According to the invention, the position of the central axis of the circular tunnel can be obtained efficiently and precisely.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground tunnel axis detection, and particularly to a method and system for detecting the change of the axis of a circular tunnel. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the continuous growth of the population, the construction of underground water conservancy projects has become increasingly important. Some underground water conservancy projects require the use of underground tunnels, and the excavation of underground tunnels usually uses the shield construction method. The shield construction method has the characteristics of small site occupation, small impact on the outside world, high automation degree, low labor intensity, fast construction speed, etc. compared with other construction technologies. Therefore, at present, it is widely used in the construction of tunnels in soft soil and soft rock. With the continuous development of technology, the shield construction technology has gradually become perfect and has gradually become the preferred technology for the construction of water conservancy project tunnels. The shield construction method is a method for constructing underground tunnels by underground excavation. The shield machine is the core equipment of the shield construction method and is also an important equipment for underground engineering construction. The shield construction method can prevent the collapse of the soft foundation excavation surface or maintain the stability of the excavation surface. At the same time, tunnel excavation and lining operations can be safely carried out inside the machine. The shield construction method has the characteristics of high automation degree, labor saving, fast construction speed, one-time forming, not affected by climate, controllable ground settlement during excavation, reducing the impact on ground buildings, and not affecting surface traffic when excavating underwater. In the case of a long tunnel alignment and a large buried depth, it is more economical and reasonable to use a shield machine for construction. Due to its high efficiency and safety characteristics, it has a wide range of applications in the construction of underground water conservancy projects. Among them, the shield machine can be divided into single-circle shield machines, multi-circle shield machines (double-circle shield machines and triple-circle shield machines), and non-circular shield machines (elliptical shield machines, rectangular shield machines, quasi-rectangular shield machines, horseshoe shield machines, U-shaped shield machines) according to the cross-sectional shape. However, with the efficient operation of the shield machine, the requirements for the detection efficiency and accuracy of the axis of the underground tunnel formed by it are becoming higher and higher, especially for the underground tunnels of water conservancy projects with extremely high safety requirements or the underground tunnels under rivers, the requirements for detection accuracy are even higher. Therefore, regarding the detection efficiency and detection quality of the axis of the underground tunnel excavated by the shield method, it is particularly important to improve the construction quality, safety and efficiency of the tunnel and reduce the construction cost of the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a method and system for detecting the change of the axis of a circular tunnel for the above problems, so as to overcome several shortcomings in the above background art, and thus solve the technical problem of how to efficiently and accurately obtain the position of the axis of a circular tunnel.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention proposes a method for detecting the change of the axis of a circular tunnel, including the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Arrange an inverted T-shaped leveling rod in the circular tunnel, and arrange a total station at intervals facing the inverted T-shaped leveling rod; the inverted T-shaped leveling rod includes a chord rod and a vertical column that are perpendicular to each other; a reflective sticker facing the total station is provided at the top of the vertical column; the chord rod is horizontally arranged in the tunnel, and both ends of the chord rod are respectively suspended on the wall surfaces on both sides of the tunnel, so as to form a first virtual hanging point where one end of the chord rod is connected to the wall surface on one side of the tunnel, and a second virtual hanging point where the other end of the chord rod is connected to the wall surface on the other side of the tunnel; both the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are located on a virtual cross-section of the tunnel, and the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are symmetrically distributed;

[0007] Step S2: Obtain the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ) and elevation H s of the reflective sticker through the total station;

[0008] Step S3: Based on the designed horizontal curve of the tunnel, according to the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ), and obtain a real-time mileage M s of the reflective sticker through a curve intersection method;

[0009] Step S4: Based on the designed horizontal curve of the tunnel, according to the real-time mileage M s of the reflective sticker and obtain the theoretical plane coordinates (X T , Y T ) of the midpoint of the chord rod through the curve intersection method;

[0010] Step S5: Based on the designed vertical curve of the tunnel, according to the real-time mileage M s of the reflective sticker and obtain a theoretical elevation H s of the tunnel center line corresponding to the real-time mileage M T of the reflective sticker through a vertical curve slope method;

[0011] Step S6: Calculate and obtain a theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord rod according to the theoretical elevation H T of the tunnel center line, the length L h of the chord rod, and the radius R of the tunnel; The formula for the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord rod is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] In formula (1), R is the radius of the tunnel; L h is the length of the chord rod; is the height from the center of the tunnel cross-section to the bottom of the chord rod, Calculated by the side length calculation formula of a right triangle; H T is the theoretical elevation of the tunnel center line;

[0014] Step S7, by comparing the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ) of the reflective sticker with the theoretical plane coordinates (X T , Y T ) of the midpoint of the chord scale, the change amount (DX, DY) of the tunnel center axis on the horizontal plane is obtained. The formula for the change amount (DX, DY) is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] In formula (2), DX is the change amount of the X coordinate, X s is the actual X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, X T is the theoretical X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, X s -X T is the change amount of the tunnel center axis on the X coordinate axis; DY is the change amount of the Y coordinate, Y s is the actual Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, Y T is the theoretical Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, Y s -Y T is the change amount of the tunnel center axis on the Y coordinate axis;

[0017] Step S8, according to the length L p of a vertical column, the height L v of a chord scale, and the measured elevation H s of a reflective sticker, the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale The formula for the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] In formula (3), H s is the measured elevation of the reflective sticker; L p is the height of the vertical column, that is, the distance from the center of the reflective sticker to the top surface of the chord scale; L v is the height of the chord scale itself;

[0020] Step S9, by comparing the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale with the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale, a change amount DH of the tunnel center axis elevation is obtained. The formula for the change amount DH of the tunnel center axis elevation is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] In formula (4), is the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale, is the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale; DH is the elevation change of the tunnel centerline;

[0023] Step S10: Repeat steps S1 to S9 until the measurement and analysis of each detection position in a section of the tunnel are completed; then execute step S11;

[0024] Step S11: Obtain the root mean square error RMSE corresponding to this section of the tunnel, which is used to reflect the overall accuracy of a point set. The formula is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In formula (5), n represents the number of measurement points in the measurement section, i represents the i-th measurement point, and V i is the spatial change of the tunnel centerline point; the formula for the spatial change V i of the tunnel centerline point is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In formula (6), the changes (DX, DY, DH) of the tunnel centerline in the horizontal and vertical directions are obtained from formulas (2) and (4). For the i-th measurement point, the corresponding changes are (DX i , DY i , DH i ); formula (6) is used to calculate the spatial change V i of the tunnel centerline point from the changes in three directions.

[0029] Furthermore, steps S2 - S9 are executed in a computer program.

[0030] Furthermore, before step S1, the method for detecting the change of the circular tunnel centerline further includes:

[0031] Step S100: Import a designed horizontal curve parameter file and a designed vertical curve parameter file into the computer program, and then execute step S1.

[0032] Furthermore, the computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium; the computer program is executed by a processor.

[0033] Furthermore, the computer program is stored in the memory of an electronic device; the computer program is executed by the processor of the electronic device.

[0034] Furthermore, the electronic device is communicatively connected to the total station.

[0035] The present invention further provides a detection system for the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel, which includes a reverse T-shaped leveling staff and a total station instrument both arranged in the tunnel, and also includes a host computer in communication with the total station instrument; the reverse T-shaped leveling staff includes a chord staff and a vertical column perpendicular to each other; a reflective sticker facing the total station instrument is provided at the top of the vertical column; the chord staff is horizontally and transversely arranged in the tunnel, and both ends of the chord staff are respectively hung on the wall surfaces on both sides of the tunnel, so as to form a first virtual hanging point where one end of the chord staff is hung on one side wall surface of the tunnel, and a second virtual hanging point where the other end of the chord staff is hung on the other side wall surface of the tunnel; both the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are located on a virtual cross-section of the tunnel, and the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are symmetrically distributed;

[0036] The software system of the host computer includes the following software function modules:

[0037] Total station data acquisition module, which is used to transmit the planar coordinates (X s , Y s ) and elevation H s of the reflective sticker obtained by the total station instrument to a real-time mileage analysis module of the reflective sticker;

[0038] Real-time mileage analysis module of the reflective sticker, which is used to obtain a real-time mileage M s , Y s ) of the reflective sticker based on the designed horizontal curve of the tunnel according to the planar coordinates (X s by using a curve intersection method, and transmit the real-time mileage M s of the reflective sticker to a theoretical planar coordinate analysis module of the midpoint of the chord staff;

[0039] Theoretical planar coordinate analysis module of the midpoint of the chord staff, which is used to obtain a theoretical planar coordinate (X s of the midpoint of the chord staff based on the designed horizontal curve of the tunnel according to the real-time mileage M T of the reflective sticker and by using the curve intersection method, and transmit the theoretical planar coordinate (X T ) of the midpoint of the chord staff to a change amount analysis module of the central axis of the tunnel on the horizontal plane; T , Y T ) of the midpoint of the chord staff to a change amount analysis module of the central axis of the tunnel on the horizontal plane;

[0040] Theoretical elevation analysis module of the central line, which is used to obtain a theoretical elevation H s of the central line of the tunnel corresponding to the real-time mileage M s of the reflective sticker based on the designed vertical curve of the tunnel according to the real-time mileage M T of the reflective sticker and by using a vertical curve slope method, and transmit the theoretical elevation H T of the central line of the tunnel to a theoretical elevation analysis module of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord staff;

[0041] The theoretical elevation analysis module for the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale is used to calculate the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale based on the theoretical elevation H of the tunnel centerline T , the length L of the chord scale h and the radius R of the tunnel, and transmit the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale to an analysis module for the change in the elevation of the tunnel centerline; the formula for the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale is as follows: In formula (1), R is the radius of the tunnel; L

[0042]

[0043] is the length of the chord scale; h is the height from the center of the tunnel cross-section to the bottom of the chord scale, calculated by the side length calculation formula of a right triangle; H is the theoretical elevation of the tunnel centerline; T In formula (2), DX is the change in the X coordinate, X

[0044] The analysis module for the change in the tunnel centerline on the horizontal plane is used to obtain the change (DX, DY) in the tunnel centerline on the horizontal plane by comparing the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ) of the reflective sticker with the theoretical plane coordinates (X T , Y T ) of the midpoint of the chord scale, and transmit the change (DX, DY) in the tunnel centerline on the horizontal plane to a root mean square error analysis module; the formula for the change (DX, DY) is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] is the actual X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, X s is the theoretical X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, X T -X s is the change in the tunnel centerline on the X coordinate axis; DY is the change in the Y coordinate, Y T is the actual Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, Y s is the theoretical Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, Y T -Y s is the change in the tunnel centerline on the Y coordinate axis; T The analysis module for the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale is used to obtain the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale according to the length L

[0047] of a vertical column, the height L p of a chord scale, and the measured elevation H v of a reflective sticker s , and transmit the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale to... Transferred to an analysis module for the elevation change of the tunnel center line; measure the elevation at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord scale The formula is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] In formula (3), H s is the elevation measured by the reflective sticker; L p is the height of the vertical column, that is, the distance from the center of the reflective sticker to the top surface of the chord scale; L v is the height of the chord scale itself;

[0050] The analysis module for the elevation change of the tunnel center line is used to obtain the elevation change amount DH of the tunnel center line by comparing the measured elevation at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord scale and the theoretical elevation at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord scale, and transfer the elevation change amount DH of the tunnel center line to a root mean square error analysis module; the formula for the elevation change amount DH of the tunnel center line is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] In formula (4), is the measured elevation at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord scale, is the theoretical elevation at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord scale; DH is the elevation change amount of the tunnel center line;

[0053] The root mean square error analysis module is used to obtain the root mean square error RMSE corresponding to a section of the tunnel, which reflects the overall accuracy of a point set; the formula for the root mean square error RMSE is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] In formula (5), n represents the number of measurement points in the measurement section, i represents the i-th measurement point, and V i is the spatial change amount of the tunnel center line point; the formula for the spatial change amount V i of the tunnel center line point is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In formula (6), the change amounts (DX, DY, DH) of the tunnel center line in the horizontal and vertical directions are obtained from formula (2) and formula (4). For the i-th measurement point, the corresponding change amounts are (DX i , DY i , DH i ); formula (6) is used to calculate the spatial change amount V i of the tunnel center line point from the change amounts in three directions.

[0058] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] The present invention can efficiently and accurately obtain the position of the central axis of a circular tunnel. In particular, it significantly improves the detection efficiency and quality of the central axis of an underground tunnel formed by the shield tunneling method, ensures the construction quality, safety and efficiency of the tunnel, and reduces the detection cost of tunnel construction. The present invention also has the advantages of reliable accuracy and high automation degree, and can accurately reflect the real change situation of the central axis of the tunnel. The present invention only needs to measure the plane of the reflective sticker at the midpoint of the horizontal chord and the elevation, and can efficiently obtain the horizontal change amount and elevation change amount of the central axis of the tunnel, and can quickly obtain the overall accuracy of the tunnel section. Description of the Drawings

[0060] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present invention. These figures are for illustrative purposes only and thus do not limit the present invention.

[0061] Figure 1 is a working flow chart of a method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 is a layout schematic diagram of an inverted T-shaped leveling staff and a total station according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 is a marking schematic diagram of the measurement parameters corresponding to the inverted T-shaped leveling staff according to the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 is a relationship schematic diagram of the position of the reflective sticker, the theoretical position of the midpoint of the chord staff and the designed horizontal curve according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 is an optimized working flow chart of a method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel according to the present invention;

[0066] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0067] Total station 100; Chord staff 200; Vertical column 300; Reflective sticker 400; Tunnel 500; Designed horizontal curve 600; Theoretical position of the midpoint of the chord staff 700. Detailed Embodiments

[0068] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will, in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, further clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Terms such as "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0070] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are detailed to clearly convey the present invention. However, the quantity of details provided is not intended to limit the expected variations of the embodiments; on the contrary, the aim is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

[0071] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without some of these specific details.

[0072] The embodiments of the present invention include various steps, which will be described below. These steps can be executed by hardware components or can be included in machine-executable instructions, which can be used to program a general or special-purpose processor to execute these steps using the instructions. Alternatively, the steps can be executed through a combination of hardware, software, and firmware and / or an artificial operator.

[0073] The various methods described herein can be practiced by combining one or more machine-readable storage media containing code according to the present invention with appropriate standard computer hardware to execute the code contained therein. The apparatuses for implementing the various embodiments of the present invention can include one or more computers (or one or more processors within a single computer) and a storage system having network access and containing or having a computer program encoded according to the various methods described herein, and the method steps of the present invention can be completed by modules, routines, subroutines, or sub-parts of a computer program product.

[0074] If the specification states that a component or feature "may", "is capable of", "can", or "might" include or have a feature, then it is not necessary for the specific component or feature to include or have the feature.

[0075] As used in the specification of the present application and the subsequent claims, the meanings of "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Additionally, as used in the description herein, unless the context clearly provides otherwise, the meaning of "in" includes "in" and "on".

[0076] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments are shown. These exemplary embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and to make the present invention thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. However, the disclosed invention may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications. Additionally, all statements of the embodiments of the present invention and their specific examples described herein are intended to cover their structural and functional equivalents. Moreover, these equivalents are intended to include both currently known equivalents and equivalents developed in the future (i.e., any elements developed to perform the same function, regardless of structure). Also, the terms and phrases used are for the purpose of describing the exemplary embodiments and should not be considered limiting. Accordingly, the present invention will be given the broadest scope, including various substitutions, modifications, and equivalents consistent with the disclosed principles and features. For clarity, details of technical materials known in the technical field related to the present invention have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.

[0077] Thus, for example, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that schematic diagrams, schematic views, illustrations, etc. represent conceptual views or processes of systems and methods embodying the present invention. The functions of the various elements shown in the figures can be provided by using dedicated hardware as well as hardware capable of executing the relevant software. Similarly, any switches shown in the figures are merely conceptual. Their functions can be performed by the operation of program logic, by dedicated logic, by the interaction of program control and dedicated logic, or even manually, and the specific technique can be selected by the entity implementing the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art should further understand that the exemplary hardware, software, processes, methods, and / or operating systems described herein are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to be limited to any particular named elements.

[0078] Embodiments of the present invention may provide a computer program product, which may include a machine-readable storage medium having instructions tangibly implemented thereon, which may be used to program a computer (or other electronic device) to perform processing. The term "machine-readable storage medium" or "computer-readable storage medium" includes, but is not limited to, fixed (hardware) drives, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical disks, compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROMs), and magneto-optical disks, semiconductor memories such as ROMs, PROMs, random access memories (RAMs), programmable read-only memories (PROMs), erasable PROMs (EPROMs), electrically erasable PROMs (EEPROMs), flash memories, magnetic or optical cards, or other types of media / machine-readable media suitable for storing electronic instructions (e.g., computer programming code such as software or firmware). The machine-readable medium may include non-transitory media, where data may be stored and does not include carrier waves and / or transient electronic signals propagated by wireless or wired connections. Examples of non-transitory media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic disks or tapes, optical storage media such as compact discs (CDs) or digital versatile discs (DVDs), flash memories, memories or memory devices. The computer program product may include code and / or machine-executable instructions, which may represent any combination of processes, functions, subroutines, programs, routines, subroutines, modules, software packages, classes, or instructions, data structures, or program statements. By passing and / or receiving information, data, variables, parameters, or memory contents, code segments may be coupled to another code segment or hardware circuit. Information, variables, parameters, data, etc. may be passed, forwarded, or transmitted by any suitable means, including memory sharing, message passing, token passing, network transmission, etc.

[0079] In addition, embodiments may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, firmware, middleware, or microcode, the program code or code segments (e.g., computer program product) for performing the necessary tasks may be stored in a machine-readable medium. The processor may execute the necessary tasks.

[0080] The systems depicted in some of the figures may be provided in various configurations. In some embodiments, the system may be configured as a distributed system, where one or more components of the system are distributed over one or more networks in a cloud computing system.

[0081] Each of the appended claims defines a separate invention, which for purposes of infringement is considered to include equivalents of the various elements or limitations specified in the claim. Depending on the context, all references to "the invention" in the following may in some cases refer only to certain specific embodiments. In other cases, it should be recognized that references to "the invention" will refer to the subject matter recited in one or more but not necessarily all of the claims.

[0082] Unless otherwise specified herein or clearly contradicted by the context, all methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order. The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (e.g., "such as") provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is merely intended to better illustrate the invention and does not limit the scope of the claimed invention. Any language in the specification should not be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.

[0083] The various terms used herein are as follows. In the case where terms used in the claims are not defined below, the broadest definition should be given, which has been reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing the application by persons skilled in the relevant art.

[0084] Embodiment 1

[0085] As Figures 1 - 4 shown:

[0086] This embodiment proposes a method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel, including the following steps:

[0087] Step S1, arrange an inverted T-shaped leveling staff inside the circular tunnel 500, and arrange a total station 100 at intervals facing the inverted T-shaped leveling staff; the inverted T-shaped leveling staff includes a chord scale 200 and a vertical column 300 that are perpendicular to each other; a reflective sticker 400 facing the total station 100 is provided at the top of the vertical column 300; the chord scale 200 is horizontally arranged in the tunnel 500, and both ends of the chord scale 200 are respectively hung on the wall surfaces on both sides of the tunnel 500, so as to form a first virtual hanging point where one end of the chord scale 200 is hung on one side wall surface of the tunnel 500, and a second virtual hanging point where the other end of the chord scale 200 is hung on the other side wall surface of the tunnel 500; both the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are located on a virtual cross-section of the tunnel 500, and the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are symmetrically distributed;

[0088] Step S2, obtain the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ) and elevation H s of the reflective sticker 400 through the total station 100;

[0089] Step S3, based on the designed horizontal curve 600 of the tunnel 500, according to the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ), and obtain a real-time mileage M s of the reflective sticker through a curve intersection method;

[0090] Step S4, based on the designed horizontal curve 600 of the tunnel 500, according to the real-time mileage M sand obtain the theoretical plane coordinates (X T , Y T ) of the midpoint of the chord ruler through the intersection point method of the curves;

[0091] Step S5, based on the designed vertical curve of the tunnel 500, according to the real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker s and obtain the theoretical elevation H of the tunnel center line corresponding to the real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker s through a vertical curve slope method; T ;

[0092] Step S6, according to the theoretical elevation H of the tunnel center line T , the chord ruler length L h and the tunnel radius R, calculate and obtain the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord ruler The formula for the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord ruler is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] In formula (1), R is the tunnel radius; L h is the chord ruler length; is the height from the center O of the tunnel cross-section to the bottom of the chord ruler, calculated through the side length calculation formula of a right triangle; H T is the theoretical elevation of the tunnel center line, and the theoretical elevation H of the tunnel center line T corresponds to the elevation of the center O of the tunnel 500;

[0095] Step S7, by comparing the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ) of the reflective sticker 400 with the theoretical plane coordinates (X T , Y T ) of the midpoint of the chord ruler, obtain the change amount (DX, DY) of the tunnel center axis on the horizontal plane. The formula for this change amount (DX, DY) is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] In formula (2), DX is the change amount of the X coordinate, X s is the actual X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord ruler, X T is the theoretical X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord ruler, X s -X T is the change amount of the tunnel 500 center axis on the X coordinate axis; DY is the change amount of the Y coordinate, Y s is the actual Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord ruler, Y T is the theoretical Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord ruler, Y s -Y Tis the change amount of the central axis of the tunnel 500 on the Y coordinate axis;

[0098] Step S8, according to the length L of a vertical column p , the height L of a chord scale v and a reflective sticker to measure the elevation H s , obtain the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale Measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale The formula is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] In formula (3), H s is the measured elevation of the reflective sticker; L p is the height of the vertical column, that is, the distance from the center of the reflective sticker 400 to the top surface of the chord scale 200; L v is the height of the chord scale itself;

[0101] Step S9, by comparing the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale and the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale obtain a change amount DH of the elevation of the central axis of the tunnel. The formula for the change amount DH of the elevation of the central axis of the tunnel is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] In formula (4), is the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale, is the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale; DH is the change amount of the elevation of the central axis of the tunnel;

[0104] Step S10, repeat Step S1 to Step S9 until the measurement and analysis of each detection position in a section of the tunnel are completed; then execute Step S11;

[0105] Step S11, obtain the root mean square error RMSE corresponding to this section of the tunnel 500 for reflecting the overall accuracy of a point set. The formula is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] In formula (5), n represents the number of measurement points in the measurement section, i represents the i-th measurement point, and V i is the spatial change amount of the central axis point of the tunnel; The formula for the spatial change amount V of the central axis point of the tunnel i is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] In Equation (6), the changes (DX, DY, DH) of the central axis of the tunnel 500 in the horizontal and vertical directions are obtained from Equation (2) and Equation (4). For the i-th measurement point, the corresponding changes are (DX i , DY i , DH i ); Equation (6) is used to calculate the spatial change V of the central axis point of the tunnel from the changes in three directions i .

[0110] Preferably, steps S2 - S9 are executed in a computer program.

[0111] Preferably, before step S1 or after step S1 is executed at the first detection position of a section of the tunnel and before step S2 is executed, the method for detecting the change of the central axis of the circular tunnel further includes:

[0112] Step S100, importing a design horizontal curve parameter file and a design vertical curve parameter file into the computer program.

[0113] Further preferably, as Figure 5 shown, step S100 is preferentially executed, and then step S1 is executed.

[0114] Further preferably, the recorded parameters of the design horizontal curve parameter file include: starting mileage, starting X coordinate, starting Y coordinate, intersection X coordinate, intersection Y coordinate, horizontal curve radius, transition curve length, and ending mileage.

[0115] Further preferably, the recorded parameters of the design vertical curve parameter file include: starting mileage, starting elevation, grade change point mileage, grade change point elevation, grade change point radius, ending mileage, and ending elevation.

[0116] Specifically, configure the design horizontal curve and the design vertical curve:

[0117] ① Configure the design horizontal curve using the intersection method and store it as a text file (*.txt) with the following format:

[0118] Starting mileage, starting X coordinate, starting Y coordinate

[0119] Intersection, intersection X coordinate, intersection Y coordinate, circle radius, transition curve length

[0120] …

[0121] Ending mileage

[0122] ② Configure the design vertical curve using the slope method and store it as a text file (*.txt) with the following format:

[0123] Starting mileage, starting elevation

[0124] Elevation at the grade change point, elevation at the grade change point, radius

[0125] …

[0126] End mileage, end elevation.

[0127] Preferably, the computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium; the computer program is executed by a processor.

[0128] Preferably, the computer program is stored in the memory of an electronic device; the computer program is executed by the processor of the electronic device.

[0129] Preferably, the electronic device is communicatively connected to the total station 100.

[0130] Specifically, for the relationship between the position of the reflective sticker, the theoretical position of the midpoint of the chord ruler, and the designed horizontal curve, see Figure 3 , the geometric meaning of the theoretical position of the midpoint of the chord ruler is the foot of the perpendicular from the position of the reflective sticker to the designed horizontal curve, and the theoretical coordinates of the midpoint of the chord ruler can be obtained by the curve coordinate calculation method (intersection method) of linear engineering such as highways and railways.

[0131] Specifically, in step S7, since the vertical column 300 is strictly perpendicular to the horizontal chord ruler 200, the position of the reflective sticker 400 is the actual position of the midpoint of the chord ruler. Therefore, the change amount of the central axis in the horizontal plane can be obtained by comparing the measured coordinates of the reflective sticker 400 with the theoretical plane coordinates of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord ruler, denoted as (DX, DY).

[0132] Specifically, in step S8, the change in the vertical direction of the central axis can be reflected by the change in the elevation of the midpoint of the chord ruler. Since the actual measured elevation is the elevation of the reflective sticker, it is necessary to calculate the measured elevation of the midpoint of the chord ruler through the measured elevation of the reflective sticker.

[0133] Specifically, in step S1, the following process is executed:

[0134] Set up the total station and establish Bluetooth communication;

[0135] Set up the total station on the known control point and level it. Set the instrument coordinates, elevation, and azimuth. It is also possible to complete the instrument setup through the multi-point intersection method. Then open the measurement software and connect to the total station via Bluetooth to establish Bluetooth communication;

[0136] Place the inverted T-shaped leveling staff and measure the coordinates and elevation of the reflective sticker;

[0137] Place the inverted T-shaped leveling staff at the measurement point. Center the bubble by adjusting the left and right heights of the chord ruler. Aim the total station at the reflective sticker and measure the planar coordinates (X s , Y s ) and elevation H s .

[0138] Specifically, in step S11, the sectional accuracy RMSE is calculated using the planar change amount and elevation change amount of all measurement points.

[0139] The present invention also has the following advantages:

[0140] The present invention is applicable to the displacement calculation of the central axis of a single circular tunnel. Based on the geometric relationship between the chord line and the circle, the coordinates and elevation of the midpoint of the chord line are calculated through the coordinates and elevation of the reflective stickers. The mileage and coordinates of the measurement points are calculated using the horizontal curve intersection method, and the elevation of each mileage is calculated using the vertical curve slope method. The calculation and analysis process is theoretically rigorous, and the calculation and analysis results are accurate and reliable. It can be reflected from Table 1 below that the technical solution of this embodiment greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of the analysis results.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step S1: Arrange an inverted T-shaped leveling staff in the circular tunnel, and arrange a total station at an interval facing the inverted T-shaped leveling staff; the inverted T-shaped leveling staff includes a chord staff and a vertical column that are perpendicular to each other; a reflective sticker facing the total station is provided at the top of the vertical column; the chord staff is horizontally arranged in the tunnel, and both ends of the chord staff are respectively hung on the wall surfaces on both sides of the tunnel, so as to form a first virtual hanging point where one end of the chord staff is hung on one side wall surface of the tunnel and a second virtual hanging point where the other end of the chord staff is hung on the other side wall surface of the tunnel; both the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are located on a virtual cross-section of the tunnel, and the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are symmetrically distributed; Step S2, obtain the planar coordinates (X s , Y s ) and elevation H s of the reflective sticker through a total station; Step S3, based on the designed horizontal curve of the tunnel, according to the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ), and obtain a real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker through a curve intersection method s ; Step S4, based on the designed horizontal curve of the tunnel, according to the real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker s and obtain the theoretical plane coordinates (X T , Y T ) of the midpoint of a chord ruler through the curve intersection method; Step S5, based on the designed vertical curve of the tunnel, according to the real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker s and obtaining the theoretical elevation H of the tunnel center line corresponding to the real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker through a vertical curve slope method s ; T ; Step S6, according to the theoretical elevation H of the tunnel center line T , the length L of the chord scale h and the radius R of the tunnel, calculate to obtain the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of a chord scale The formula for the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale is as follows: In formula (1), R is the tunnel radius; L h is the length of the chord scale; is the height from the center of the tunnel cross-section to the bottom of the chord scale, which is calculated by the side length calculation formula of a right triangle; H T is the theoretical elevation of the tunnel center line; Step S7, by comparing the planar coordinates (X s , Y s ) of the reflective sticker with the theoretical planar coordinates (X T , Y T ) of the midpoint of the chord scale, the change amounts (DX, DY) of the tunnel axis on the horizontal plane are obtained. The formulas for the change amounts (DX, DY) are as follows: In formula (2), DX is the change in the X coordinate, and X s is the actual X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, and X T is the theoretical X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, and X s -X T is the change in the X-axis of the tunnel centerline; DY is the change in the Y coordinate, and Y s is the actual Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, and Y T is the theoretical Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, and Y s -Y T is the change in the Y-axis of the tunnel centerline; Step S8, according to the length L of a vertical column p , the height L of a chord scale v and a reflective sticker to measure the elevation H s , and obtain the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale The measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale The formula is as follows: In formula (3), H s is the elevation measured by the reflective sticker; L p is the height of the vertical column, that is, the distance from the center of the reflective sticker to the top surface of the chord scale; L v is the height of the chord scale itself; Step S9, by comparing the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale and the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale obtain the elevation change amount DH of the tunnel axis. The formula for the elevation change amount DH of the tunnel axis is as follows: In formula (4), is the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale, is the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale; DH is the elevation change of the tunnel centerline; Step S10: Repeat Step S1 to Step S9 until the measurement and analysis of each detection position in a section of the tunnel are completed; then execute Step S11; Step S11: Obtain the root mean square error RMSE for reflecting the overall accuracy of a point set corresponding to this section of the tunnel, and the formula is as follows: In formula (5), n represents the number of measurement points in the measurement section, i represents the i-th measurement point, and V i is the spatial variation of the points on the tunnel centerline; the spatial variation V i of the points on the tunnel centerline is given by the following formula: In formula (6), the changes (DX, DY, DH) of the tunnel centerline in the horizontal and vertical directions are obtained from formulas (2) and (4). For the i-th measurement point, the corresponding changes are (DX i , DY i , DH i ); formula (6) is used to calculate the spatial change V of the tunnel centerline point from the changes in three directions i .

2. The method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel according to claim 1, wherein Steps S2 - S9 are executed in a computer program.

3. The method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before Step S1, the method for detecting the change of the central axis of the circular tunnel further includes: Step S100: Import a designed horizontal curve parameter file and a designed vertical curve parameter file into the computer program, and then execute Step S1.

4. The method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium; the computer program is executed by a processor.

5. The method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The computer program is stored in the memory of an electronic device; the computer program is executed by the processor of the electronic device.

6. The method for detecting the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel according to claim 5, wherein The electronic device is communicatively connected to the total station.

7. A detection system for the change of the central axis of a circular tunnel, characterized in that, Including an inverted T-shaped leveling staff and a total station arranged in the circular tunnel, both arranged in the tunnel, and also including a host computer communicative with the total station; the inverted T-shaped leveling staff includes a chord staff and a vertical column that are perpendicular to each other; a reflective sticker facing the total station is provided at the top of the vertical column; the chord staff is horizontally arranged in the tunnel, and both ends of the chord staff are respectively hung on the wall surfaces on both sides of the tunnel, so as to form a first virtual hanging point where one end of the chord staff is hung on one side wall surface of the tunnel and a second virtual hanging point where the other end of the chord staff is hung on the other side wall surface of the tunnel; both the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are located on a virtual cross-section of the tunnel, and the first virtual hanging point and the second virtual hanging point are symmetrically distributed; The software system of the host computer includes the following software function modules: Total station data acquisition module, which is used to transfer the planar coordinates (X s , Y s ) and elevation H s of the reflective sticker obtained by the total station to a real-time mileage analysis module of the reflective sticker; The reflective sticker real-time mileage analysis module is used to obtain a real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker based on the designed horizontal curve of the tunnel according to the plane coordinates (X s , Y s ) by using a curve intersection point method, and transmit the real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker s to a theoretical plane coordinate analysis module of the midpoint of the chord scale; s ​ The theoretical plane coordinate analysis module of the chord scale midpoint is used to obtain, based on the designed horizontal curve of the tunnel and according to the real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker s and obtain a theoretical plane coordinate (X T , Y T ) of the chord scale midpoint through the curve intersection method, and transmit the theoretical plane coordinate (X T , Y T ) of the chord scale midpoint to a module for analyzing the change amount of the tunnel axis in the horizontal plane; The middle line theoretical elevation analysis module is used to obtain, based on the designed vertical curve of the tunnel and according to the real-time mileage M of the reflective sticker s and obtain, through a vertical curve slope method, the real-time mileage M corresponding to the reflective sticker s of a theoretical elevation H of the tunnel middle line T , and transmit the theoretical elevation H of the tunnel middle line T to a theoretical elevation analysis module at the midpoint of the bottom of a chord ruler; The theoretical elevation analysis module at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord ruler is used to calculate the theoretical elevation of the midpoint of the bottom of the chord ruler based on the theoretical elevation H of the tunnel center line T , the length L of the chord ruler h and the radius R of the tunnel, and transmit the theoretical elevation of the midpoint of the bottom of the chord ruler to an analysis module for the change amount of the elevation of the tunnel center line; the formula for the theoretical elevation of the midpoint of the bottom of the chord ruler is as follows: The formula is as follows: In formula (1), R is the tunnel radius; L h is the length of the chord scale; is the height from the center of the tunnel cross-section to the bottom of the chord scale, which is calculated by the side length calculation formula of a right triangle; H T is the theoretical elevation of the tunnel center line; Analysis module for the variation of the tunnel center line on the horizontal plane, which is used to obtain the variation (DX, DY) of the tunnel center line on the horizontal plane by comparing the planar coordinates (X s , Y s ) of the reflective sticker with the theoretical planar coordinates (X T , Y T ) of the midpoint of the chord scale, and transmit the variation (DX, DY) of the tunnel center line on the horizontal plane to a root mean square error analysis module; the formula for the variation (DX, DY) is as follows: In formula (2), DX is the change in the X coordinate, X s is the actual X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, X T is the theoretical X coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, X s -X T is the change in the X-axis of the tunnel centerline; DY is the change in the Y coordinate, Y s is the actual Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, Y T is the theoretical Y coordinate of the midpoint of the chord scale, Y s -Y T is the change in the Y-axis of the tunnel centerline; The elevation analysis module for measuring the midpoint at the bottom of the chord ruler is used to obtain the elevation H measured at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord ruler based on the length L of a vertical column p , the height L of a chord ruler v and a reflective sticker, and transmit the elevation measured at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord ruler s to an analysis module for the elevation change of the central axis of a tunnel and transmit the elevation measured at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord ruler to an analysis module for the elevation change of the central axis of a tunnel; Measuring elevation at the midpoint of the bottom of the chord scale The formula is as follows: In formula (3), H s is the elevation measured by the reflective sticker; L p is the height of the vertical column, that is, the distance from the center of the reflective sticker to the top surface of the chord scale; L v is the height of the chord scale itself; Tunnel centerline elevation change analysis module, which is used to obtain an elevation change amount ΔH of the tunnel centerline by comparing the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale and the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale and transmitting the elevation change amount ΔH of the tunnel centerline to a root mean square error analysis module; the formula for the elevation change amount ΔH of the tunnel centerline is as follows: In formula (4), is the measured elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale, is the theoretical elevation of the midpoint at the bottom of the chord scale; DH is the elevation change of the tunnel centerline; Root mean square error analysis module, used to obtain the root mean square error RMSE for reflecting the overall accuracy of a point set corresponding to a section of the tunnel; the formula of the root mean square error RMSE is as follows: In formula (5), n represents the number of measurement points within the measurement section, i represents the i-th measurement point, and V i is the spatial variation of the points on the tunnel centerline; the spatial variation V i of the points on the tunnel centerline is given by the following formula: In Equation (6), the changes (DX, DY, DH) of the tunnel centerline in the horizontal and vertical directions are obtained from Equations (2) and (4). For the i-th measurement point, the corresponding changes are (DX i , DY i , DH i ); Equation (6) is used to calculate the spatial change V of the tunnel centerline point from the changes in three directions i .

Images