Sampling device for rock and soil exploration and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock-soil sampling, in particular to a sampling device for rock-soil exploration and a use method of the sampling device. The sampling device comprises a moving trolley, a stand column fixedly connected to the front side of the top of the moving trolley, a rotating plate rotationally connected to the front side of the stand column, a mounting plate capable of sliding in the length direction of the rotating plate and a drilling cylinder rotationally connected to the inner side of the mounting plate; a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate and located in the drilling barrel, two oppositely-arranged sliding plates are symmetrically and slidably connected into the fixing frame, and the ends, away from the mounting plate, of the two sliding plates are jointly and fixedly connected with a suction cover with a butt joint pipe; and a plurality of storage boxes are arranged in rows between the two sliding plates. Through linkage control of the reversing valve and the air guide insertion pipe, automatic switching of sampling channels is achieved, negative pressure is generated in cooperation with the air pump, and it is ensured that soil samples of all layers are independently stored in different storage boxes; and through the synergistic effect of the gear and rack transmission mechanism and the plug pin positioning mechanism, rapid loading and stable locking of the storage box can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil sampling, and in particular to a sampling device for rock and soil exploration and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Geotechnical exploration operations require sampling of the rock and soil at the exploration site, and then analyzing the geotechnical characteristics of the corresponding plots through the rock and soil samples; the principle of the sampling device used in the prior art is still similar to that of the traditional Luoyang shovel. After the cylindrical structure drills into the soil layer, the rock and soil samples enter the cylindrical structure, and when the cylindrical structure is pulled out, the rock and soil samples are taken out. As the cylindrical structure continues to drill into deeper layers of rock and soil samples, the difficulty of subsequent extraction gradually increases. In addition, during the drilling process, the soil samples of each layer are easily mixed with each other inside the cylindrical structure due to the lack of effective isolation measures. After the sampling is completed, these mixed samples increase the difficulty of subsequent sample separation and processing, and may also affect the accurate analysis of soil samples at different depths. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a sampling device for geotechnical exploration and a method of using the same. The sampling device can facilitate the collection of soil samples at different depths, and can isolate and sample in layers to avoid mixing of samples from different soil layers.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a sampling device for geotechnical exploration, characterized in that: the sampling device comprises a mobile vehicle, a column fixedly connected to the front side of the top of the mobile vehicle, a rotating plate rotatably connected to the front side of the column, a mounting plate that can slide along the length direction of the rotating plate, and a drill tube rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting plate; a 匚-shaped fixing frame is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the 匚-shaped fixing frame is arranged in the drill tube along the axial direction of the drill tube, and two oppositely arranged sliding plates are symmetrically slidably connected in the fixing frame along the length direction, and a suction hood is fixedly connected to one end of the two sliding plates away from the mounting plate, and the other end of the two sliding plates is detachably connected to the mounting plate, and a suction port with a material guide pipe is provided on the suction hood; a plurality of material storage boxes are arranged in a row along the axial direction of the drill tube between the two sliding plates, and each storage box has a material storage box. The material box is provided with a material feed port with a material guide tube and an exhaust port with an air guide tube; a material guide tube, an air guide tube and a movable rod with a plurality of material guide plugs and air guide tubes are arranged on the outside of the fixed frame, the material guide plugs and the air guide tubes are elastically connected with the material guide tube and the air guide tube respectively, and the positions of all material guide plugs correspond to each material guide tube, and the positions of all air guide plugs correspond to each air guide tube; an air pump is arranged on the fixed frame, the inlet of the air pump is connected to each material storage box through the air guide tube and the air guide plug, and the outlet of the air pump leads to the outside of the mounting plate; a reversing valve is arranged at the connection node between the plurality of material guide plugs and the material guide tube, and the movable rod can move closer to or away from the material storage box, so as to drive the material guide plug relative to the material guide tube, and the air guide plug relative to the air guide tube to form or release the sealed connection.

[0005] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: A breathable bag is detachably connected inside the storage box. The feed inlet is communicated with the internal space of the breathable bag, and the exhaust port is communicated with the space outside the breathable bag inside the storage box.

[0006] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: One end of the moving rod slidably penetrates through the mounting plate, and a sliding groove for the moving rod to move perpendicular to the axis of the fixed frame is formed on the mounting plate.

[0007] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The sampling device further includes a rotating rod, second gears fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating rod, and racks fixedly connected to both ends of the moving rod. The second gears are meshed with the racks. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed frame, and one end of the rotating rod rotatably penetrates through the mounting plate. A second rotation driving mechanism is installed on the outside of the mounting plate, and the rotating rod is in transmission connection with the second rotation driving mechanism.

[0008] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: One ends of the two sliding plates far away from the suction hood both slidably penetrate through the mounting plate and are provided with insertion holes. A plug pin is slidably connected to the outside of the mounting plate. A second linear module is installed on the outside of the mounting plate. The plug pin is in transmission connection with the second linear module, and the plug pin is used for forming a releasable positioning fit with the insertion hole.

[0009] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: A first rotation driving mechanism is installed on the column, the rotating plate is in transmission connection with the first rotation driving mechanism. A first linear module is axially installed on the rotating plate, the mounting plate is in transmission connection with the first linear module. A servo motor is installed on the mounting plate. A toothed ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the drill barrel. A first gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, and the first gear is meshed with the toothed ring.

[0010] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: A pull rod is fixedly connected inside the suction hood.

[0011] The present invention also provides a using method of a sampling device for geotechnical exploration, including the following steps:

[0012] Step 1, Loading and positioning of the storage box: Place the row of storage boxes between the two sliding plates, fix the sliding plates through the positioning fit between the plug pin and the insertion hole, drive the moving rod to move so that the material guiding insertion tube and the air guiding insertion tube are inserted into their respective corresponding docking tubes, and establish a sealed connection between the suction hood and the material guiding tube and the air guiding tube;

[0013] Step 2, Directional tunneling of the drill barrel: Drive the rotating plate to rotate until the drill barrel is perpendicular to the ground through the first rotation driving mechanism, drive the mounting plate to move downward through the first linear module, and at the same time drive the drill barrel to rotate and tunnel through the servo motor;

[0014] Step 3, stratified negative pressure sampling: Switch the material guiding pipe path through the reversing valve so that soil samples at different depths enter different storage boxes in sequence, specifically including: S31. Initially conduct the material guiding insertion pipe of the bottommost storage box; S32. Start the air pump to generate negative pressure, so that the soil sample enters the breathable bag of the bottom storage box through the suction hood; S33. When the bottom storage box is full, switch the reversing valve to conduct the material guiding insertion pipe of the adjacent upper storage box; S34. Repeat step S33 until all storage boxes complete the storage of soil samples;

[0015] Step 4, sampling reset and recovery: After sampling, reset the storage box to the initial state, release the pin positioning and pull out the sliding plate to take out the storage box.

[0016] Advantages of the present invention: Through the linkage control of the reversing valve and the air guiding insertion pipe, the present invention realizes the automatic switching of the sampling channel. Combined with the negative pressure generated by the air pump, it can ensure that soil samples at each layer are independently stored in different storage boxes, effectively avoiding the mixing problem of soil samples at different depths in the traditional sampling method, improving the integrity and accuracy of the samples; and the mobile vehicle platform is equipped with a column rotating mechanism, which can adapt to the sampling requirements at different terrain angles. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is an installation structure schematic diagram of the drill cylinder, the mounting plate and the rotating plate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is an installation structure schematic diagram of the fixing frame, the sliding plate and the storage box of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is an installation structure schematic diagram of the fixing frame, the air pump and the moving rod of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional installation structure schematic diagram of the material guiding pipe, the air guiding pipe, the material guiding insertion pipe and the air guiding insertion pipe of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a partial installation structure schematic diagram of the air pump of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a partial installation structure schematic diagram of the rotating rod, the second gear and the rack of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 It is an installation structure schematic diagram of the suction hood, the sliding plate and the storage box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the suction hood of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic enlarged view of part A in the present invention;

[0027] Names of reference numerals in the figure: 1, mobile vehicle; 2, column; 3, rotating plate; 4, mounting plate; 5, drilling cylinder; 6, fixing frame; 7, sliding plate; 701, jack; 8, suction hood; 801, material suction port; 9, storage box; 901, feeding port; 902, exhaust port; 1001, material guiding connecting pipe; 1002 - air guiding connecting pipe; 11, material guiding pipe; 12, air guiding pipe; 13, material guiding inserting pipe; 14, air guiding inserting pipe; 15, moving rod; 16, air pump; 1701, rotating rod; 1702, second gear; 1703, rack; 18, pin; 19, first rotating driving mechanism; 20, second rotating driving mechanism; 21, first linear module; 22, second linear module; 2301, servo motor; 2302, toothed ring; 2303, first gear; 24, pull rod. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] An example of a sampling device for geotechnical exploration provided by the embodiment is as Figures 1 - 10As shown in the figure, it includes a mobile vehicle 1, a column 2 fixedly connected to the front side of the top of the mobile vehicle 1, a rotating plate 3 rotatably connected to the front side of the column 2, a mounting plate 4 slidable along the length direction of the rotating plate 3, and a drilling cylinder 5 rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting plate 4. The drilling cylinder 5 is arranged parallel to the rotating plate 3. A U-shaped fixing frame 6 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 4, and the U-shaped fixing frame 6 is located inside the drilling cylinder 5 and is arranged along the axial direction of the drilling cylinder 5. Two relatively arranged sliding plates 7 are symmetrically slidably connected inside the fixing frame 6 along the length direction. The opening of the fixing frame 6 in the length direction faces the circumferential surface of the drilling cylinder 5, and the end of the fixing frame 6 away from the mounting plate 4 is not closed, so as to draw the sliding plates 7 through the drill bit end of the drilling cylinder 5. The ends of the two sliding plates 7 away from the mounting plate 4 extend out of the fixing frame 6 and are connected with a suction hood 8. A material suction port 10 with a material guiding connecting pipe 1001 is opened on the suction hood 8. The other ends of the two sliding plates 7 are detachably connected to the mounting plate 4. A plurality of storage boxes 9 are arranged in a row between the two sliding plates 7 along the axial direction of the drilling cylinder 5. A feeding port 901 and an exhaust port 902 are opened on each storage box 9. A material guiding connecting pipe 1001 is also provided at the feeding port 901 of each storage box 9, and a gas guiding connecting pipe 1002 is provided at the exhaust port 902. A material guiding pipe 11 and a gas guiding pipe 12 are fixedly connected to the outside of the fixing frame 6. A moving rod 15 that can move relative to the storage box 9 is arranged outside the fixing frame 6. A plurality of material guiding inserting pipes 13 and gas guiding inserting pipes 14 are fixedly connected to the moving rod 15. The material guiding inserting pipes 13 and the gas guiding inserting pipes 14 are respectively connected to the material guiding pipe 11 and the gas guiding pipe 12 through flexible hoses. The feeding port of the material guiding pipe 11 is connected to the material guiding connecting pipe at the material suction port 10. The positions of all the material guiding inserting pipes 13 correspond to the material guiding connecting pipes 1001 at the feeding ports 901 of each storage box 9 one by one, and the positions of all the gas guiding inserting pipes 14 correspond to the gas guiding connecting pipes 1002 at the exhaust ports 902 of each storage box 9 one by one. The sampling device further includes an air pump 16 installed on the fixing frame 6. The air pump 16 is installed at one end of the fixing frame 6 close to the mounting plate 4. The inlet of the air pump 16 is communicated with the gas guiding pipe 12 and is communicated with the exhaust port 902 of each storage box 9 through the gas guiding pipe 12. The outlet of the air pump 16 is communicated with the outside of the mounting plate 4. The air pump 16 is used to generate negative pressure to suck the soil sample into the storage box 9. Except for the two material guiding inserting pipes 13 at both ends of the material guiding pipe 11, a reversing valve is provided at the connection node between the remaining material guiding inserting pipes 13 and the material guiding pipe 11. In this embodiment, the reversing valve adopts an electric three-way valve. When the moving rod 15 moves closer to or away from the storage box 9, it can drive the material guiding inserting pipe 13 and the corresponding material guiding connecting pipe 1001, and the gas guiding inserting pipe 14 and the corresponding gas guiding connecting pipe 1002 to form or release a sealed insertion.

[0030] In the embodiment, a breathable bag (not shown in the figure) is detachably connected inside the storage box 9. The feeding port 901 is communicated with the internal space of the breathable bag, and the exhaust port 902 is communicated with the space outside the breathable bag inside the storage box 9.

[0031] In the embodiment, one end of the movable rod 15 slides through the mounting plate 4, and a sliding groove is provided on the mounting plate 4 for the movable rod 15 to move along an axis perpendicular to the fixed frame 6 (i.e., the axis of the drill tube). In this embodiment, the movable rod 15 also slides through the 匚-shaped fixed frame 6, and the 匚-shaped fixed frame 6 is also provided with a sliding groove for the movable rod 15 to move along an axis perpendicular to the fixed frame 6.

[0032] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in order to drive the moving rod 15 to move, in this embodiment, the moving rod 15 is provided with a moving control mechanism, and the moving control mechanism includes a rotating rod 1701, a second gear 1702 fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating rod 1701, and a rack 1703 fixedly connected to both ends of the moving rod 15, and the two second gears 1702 are respectively meshed with the two racks 1703; one end of the rotating rod 1701 passes through the fixed frame 6 and is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 6, and the other end rotatably passes through the mounting plate 4, and a rotating second driving mechanism 20 is installed on the outer side of the mounting plate 4, and the rotating rod 1701 is transmission-connected to the second driving mechanism 20. By rotating the second driving mechanism 20 to drive the rotating rod 1701 to rotate, the rotating rod 1701 will drive the second gears 1702 at both ends to rotate. The rotation of the two gears 1702 will drive the two transmission racks 1703 meshing therewith to move, thereby driving the moving rod 15 to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed frame 6, so that the material guiding tube 13 and the air guiding tube 14 are respectively disengaged from or sealedly connected with the material guiding tube 1001 at the feed port 901 of the corresponding storage box 9 and the air guiding tube 1002 at the exhaust port 902.

[0033] In the embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, in order to facilitate the disassembly of the sliding plate 7, the ends of the two sliding plates 7 away from the suction hood 8 are slid through the mounting plate 4 and are provided with a plug hole 701. The outer side of the mounting plate 4 is slidably connected with a latch 18. The outer side of the mounting plate 4 is installed with a second linear module 22. The latch 18 is transmission-connected with the second linear module 22. The latch 18 is used to form a releasable positioning match with the plug hole 701. Specifically, the latch 18 includes two latch rods matching the plug hole 701 and a latch plate connecting the two latch rods. The latch plate is transmission-connected with the linear module 22. The linear module 22 drives the latch plate to move closer to or away from the sliding plate 7, so that the two latch rods are respectively plugged into or disengaged from the plug holes 701 on the two sliding plates 7.

[0034] In the embodiment, Figure 1As shown, in order to drive the rotation of the rotating plate 3, the sliding of the mounting plate 4, and the rotation of the drilling cylinder 5, a first rotation driving mechanism 19 is installed on the column 2. The rotating plate 3 is in transmission connection with the first rotation driving mechanism 19, and a first linear module 21 is axially arranged on the rotating plate 3. The mounting plate 4 is in transmission connection with the first linear module 21. A servo motor 2301 is installed on the mounting plate 4. A toothed ring 2302 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the drilling cylinder 5. A first gear 2303 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 2301. The first gear 2303 meshes with the toothed ring 2302. In this embodiment, both the first linear module 21 and the second linear module 22 adopt screw linear modules. The bolt 18 and the mounting plate 4 are respectively threadedly connected to their corresponding screws. Both the first rotation driving mechanism 19 and the second rotation driving mechanism 20 adopt a combination including a worm gear, a worm, and a driving motor. The rotating rod 1701 and the rotating plate 3 are coaxially connected to their corresponding worm gears respectively.

[0035] In the embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, a cross-shaped pull rod 24 is fixedly connected inside the suction hood 8, and the center of the cross-shaped pull rod 24 is directly opposite to the material suction channel of the suction hood 8.

[0036] The working process of the present invention: In the initial state, the rotating plate 3 of the present device is perpendicular to the column 2, as Figure 1As shown, the whole device is moved to the ground of the soil body to be sampled by the mobile vehicle 1, and a plurality of material storage boxes 9 are arranged in rows along the axial direction of the drill tube 5 between the two sliding plates 7. One end of the two sliding plates 7 with the insertion hole 701 is located outside the mounting plate 4. The second linear module 22 drives the latch 18 to slide into the insertion hole 701 to position the two sliding plates 7; the second driving mechanism 20 drives the rotating rod 1701 to rotate, so that the rotating rod 1701 is meshed with the second gear 1702 and the rack 1703 to drive the moving rod 15 to drive the material guide tube 13 and the air guide tube 14 to the material storage. The box 9 moves closer, so that the material guide plug 13 and the air guide plug 14 form a sealed connection with the corresponding material guide pipe 1001 and the air guide pipe 1002, and then the first driving mechanism 19 is rotated to drive the rotating plate 3 to rotate until the drill tube 5 faces the ground, and then the first linear module 21 drives the mounting plate 4 to move along the rotating plate 3, and the mounting plate 4 drives the drill tube 5 to gradually descend, and at the same time, the servo motor 2301 drives the first gear 2303 to rotate, so that the first gear 2303 drives the drill tube 5 to rotate under the meshing action with the gear ring 2302, so as to excavate the soil through the drill tube 5;During this process, the cross-shaped pull rod 24 disperses the agglomerated soil through shearing action. At the same time, through the switching of the reversing valve at the connection node of the material guiding insertion pipe 13 corresponding to the bottom storage box 9 and the material guiding pipe 11, a one-way conduction is formed between the suction hood 8 and the bottom storage box 9, and the connection between the suction hood 8 and the storage boxes 9 other than the bottom one is in a disconnected state, so that the soil material can flow unidirectionally to the bottom storage box 9. Then, by the operation of the air pump 16, a negative pressure is generated in the bottom storage box 9, so that the soil body can enter the breathable bag in the bottom storage box 9 through the suction hood 8 and the material guiding pipe 11. When the drill cylinder 5 continuously drills down until the breathable bag in the bottom storage box 9 is filled with soil material, through the switching of the reversing valve at the connection node of the material guiding insertion pipe 13 corresponding to the bottom storage box 9 and the material guiding pipe 11, the connection between the suction hood 8 and the bottom storage box 9 is in a disconnected state, and a one-way conduction is formed between the suction hood 8 and the second storage box 9 from bottom to top. The reversing valve here can be an electric three-way valve and can be controlled by an external control system, so that the soil material can flow unidirectionally into the second storage box 9 from bottom to top, and so on, until each storage box 9 is filled with soil material, realizing the isolated storage of soil samples at different depths. After sampling, the mounting plate 4 is driven by the first linear module 21 to gradually rise to the initial height, and then the rotating plate 3 is driven by rotating the first driving mechanism 19 to rotate until the drill cylinder 5 is in a horizontal state. Then, the rotating rod 1701 is driven to rotate reversely by rotating the second driving mechanism 20. Under the meshing action of the second gear 1702 and the rack 1703, the moving rod 15 drives the material guiding insertion pipe 13 and the air guiding insertion pipe 14 to move away from the storage box 9, so that the material guiding insertion pipe 13 and the air guiding insertion pipe 14 are disengaged from the sealed insertion with the respective material guiding connection pipes 1001 and air guiding connection pipes 1002. Then, the pin 18 is driven by the second linear module 22 to slide reversely out of the jack 701, releasing the positioning of the two sliding plates 7. Then, the suction hood 8 and the sliding plate 7 are slid a proper distance away from the drill cylinder 5 by the pull rod 24 to remove the storage box 9 one by one.;

[0037] The embodiment provides a method for using a sampling device for geotechnical exploration, including the following steps:

[0038] S1. Loading and positioning of the storage box 9: Place the row of storage boxes 9 between the two sliding plates 7, fix the sliding plates 7 through the positioning cooperation of the pin 18 and the jack 701, drive the moving rod 15 to move so that the material guiding insertion pipe 13 and the air guiding insertion pipe 14 are inserted into the respective docking pipes 10, and establish a sealed connection between the suction hood 8 and the material guiding pipe 11 and the air guiding pipe 12;

[0039] S2. Directional tunneling of the drill cylinder 5: Drive the rotating plate 3 to rotate through the first driving mechanism 19 until the drill cylinder 5 is perpendicular to the ground, drive the mounting plate 4 to move down by the first linear module 21, and at the same time drive the drill cylinder 5 to rotate and tunnel by the servo motor 2301;

[0040] S3. Stratified negative pressure sampling: Switch the passage of the material guiding pipe 11 through the reversing valve so that soil samples at different depths enter different storage boxes 9 in sequence; specifically including:

[0041] S31. Initially conduct the material guiding insertion pipe 13 of the lowermost storage box 9;

[0042] S32. Start the air pump 16 to generate negative pressure, so that the soil sample enters the breathable bag of the lowermost storage box 9 through the suction hood 8;

[0043] S33. After the lowermost storage box 9 is filled, switch the reversing valve to conduct the material guiding insertion pipe 13 of the adjacent upper storage box 9;

[0044] S34. Repeat step S33 until all storage boxes 9 complete the storage of soil samples;

[0045] S4. Sampling reset and recovery: After sampling, reset the storage box 9 to the initial state, release the positioning of the bolt 18 and withdraw the sliding plate 7 to take out the storage box 9.

[0046] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the content described in the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for geotechnical exploration, characterized in that: The sampling device includes a mobile vehicle (1), a column (2) fixedly connected to the front side of the top of the mobile vehicle (1), a rotating plate (3) rotatably connected to the front side of the column (2), a mounting plate (4) slidable along the length direction of the rotating plate (3), and a drill pipe (5) rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting plate (4); a U-shaped fixing frame (6) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (4), and the U-shaped fixing frame (6) is arranged axially along the drill pipe (5) inside the drill pipe (5). Two oppositely arranged sliding plates (7) are symmetrically and slidably connected along the length direction inside the fixing frame (6). The suction hood (8) fixedly connected to one ends of the two sliding plates (7) away from the mounting plate (4), and the other ends thereof are detachably connected to the mounting plate (4). A material suction port (801) with a material guiding connecting pipe (1001) is opened on the suction hood (8); a plurality of storage boxes (9) are arranged axially along the drill pipe (5) between the two sliding plates (7). Each storage box (9) is provided with a feeding port (901) with a material guiding connecting pipe (1001) and an exhaust port (902) with a gas guiding connecting pipe (1002); a material guiding pipe (11), a gas guiding pipe (12), and a moving rod (15) with a plurality of material guiding inserting pipes (13) and gas guiding inserting pipes (14) are arranged outside the fixing frame (6). The material guiding inserting pipes (13) and the gas guiding inserting pipes (14) are elastically communicated with the material guiding pipe (11) and the gas guiding pipe (12) respectively, and the positions of all the material guiding inserting pipes (13) correspond to the respective material guiding connecting pipes (1001), and the positions of all the gas guiding inserting pipes (14) correspond to the respective gas guiding connecting pipes (1002); an air pump (16) is arranged on the fixing frame (6). The inlet of the air pump (16) is communicated with each storage box (9) through the gas guiding pipe (12) and the gas guiding inserting pipe (14), and the outlet of the air pump (16) leads to the outside of the mounting plate (4); a reversing valve is arranged at the connection node of the plurality of material guiding inserting pipes (13) and the material guiding pipe (11). The moving rod (15) can move relatively close to or away from the storage box (9) to drive the material guiding inserting pipe (13) to form or release a sealed insertion with the material guiding connecting pipe (1001), and the gas guiding inserting pipe (14) to form or release a sealed insertion with the gas guiding connecting pipe (1002).

2. The sampling device for geotechnical exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A breathable bag is detachably connected inside the storage box (9). The feeding port (901) is communicated with the internal space of the breathable bag, and the exhaust port (902) is communicated with the space outside the breathable bag inside the storage box (9).

3. The sampling device for geotechnical exploration according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One end of the moving rod (15) slidably penetrates through the mounting plate (4), and a sliding groove for the moving rod (15) to move along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixing frame (6) is opened on the mounting plate (4).

4. The sampling device for geotechnical exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling device further includes a movement control mechanism for controlling the movement of the moving rod (15). The movement control mechanism includes a rotating rod (1701), second gears (1702) fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating rod (1701), and racks (1703) fixedly connected to both ends of the moving rod (15). The second gears (1702) are meshed with the racks (1703). One end of the rotating rod (1701) penetrates through the fixing frame (6) and is rotatably connected to the fixing frame (6), and the other end rotatably penetrates through the mounting plate (4). A second rotating driving mechanism (20) is installed outside the mounting plate (4), and the rotating rod (1701) is in transmission connection with the second rotating driving mechanism (20).

5. The sampling device for geotechnical exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the two sliding plates (7) far away from the suction hood (8) slidably penetrate through the mounting plate (4) and are provided with insertion holes (701). A latch (18) is slidably connected to the outside of the mounting plate (4). A second linear module (22) is installed outside the mounting plate (4). The latch (18) is in transmission connection with the second linear module (22). The latch (18) is used to form a releasable positioning fit with the insertion hole (701).

6. The sampling device for geotechnical exploration according to claim 5, wherein: A first rotating driving mechanism (19) is installed on the column (2). The rotating plate (3) is in transmission connection with the first rotating driving mechanism (19). A first linear module (21) is axially arranged on the rotating plate (3). The mounting plate (4) is in transmission connection with the first linear module (21). A servo motor (2301) is installed on the mounting plate (4). A toothed ring (2302) is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the drill barrel (5). A first gear (2303) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (2301). The first gear (2303) is meshed with the toothed ring (2302).

7. A sampling device for geotechnical exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pull rod (24) is fixedly connected inside the suction hood (8).

8. A method for using the sampling device for geotechnical exploration described in claim 7, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1. Loading and positioning of the storage box: Place the row of storage boxes between the two sliding plates, fix the sliding plates through the positioning fit between the latch and the insertion hole, drive the moving rod to move so that the material guiding insertion tube and the air guiding insertion tube are inserted into their respective corresponding docking tubes, and establish a sealed connection between the suction hood and the material guiding tube and the air guiding tube; S2. Directional tunneling of the drill barrel: Drive the rotating plate to rotate until the drill barrel is perpendicular to the ground through the first rotating driving mechanism, drive the mounting plate to move downward through the first linear module, and at the same time drive the drill barrel to rotate and tunnel through the servo motor; S3. Stratified negative pressure collection: Switch the material guiding tube passage through the reversing valve so that soil samples at different depths enter different storage boxes in sequence; S4. Sampling reset and recovery: After sampling, reset the storage box to the initial state, release the latch positioning and pull out the sliding plate to take out the storage box.

9. The usage method of a sampling device for geotechnical exploration according to claim 8, characterized in that , The specific process of step S3 is as follows: S31. Initially conduct the material guiding insertion tube of the bottommost storage box; S32. Start the air pump to generate negative pressure, so that the soil sample enters the breathable bag of the bottom storage box through the suction hood; S33. When the bottom storage box is full, switch the reversing valve to conduct the material guiding insertion tube of the adjacent upper storage box; S34. Repeat step S33 until all storage boxes complete the storage of soil samples.

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