Amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device based on optical lever and use method of amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device based on an optical lever and a use method of the amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device. The invention relates to the amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device and the use method of the amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device. The problem that the amorphous alloy melt shrinkage cannot be tested in the prior art is solved. The testing device is composed of a graduated scale, a vacuum furnace body, an infrared thermometer, a K-type thermocouple, a lifting support, a laser generator, an induction coil, a crucible, a melt shrinkage testing mold, an optical lever support, an optical lever, a sheet-shaped sliding block support and a sliding block assembly. The using method comprises the following steps: 1, placing the amorphous alloy in a crucible, vacuumizing, and introducing argon; 2, turning on a laser generator; 3, induction melting of the amorphous alloy; and 4, casting the amorphous alloy melt into the melt shrinkage test mold, recording the corresponding scale change of the laser on the graduated scale, recording the temperature change of the amorphous alloy melt, and further obtaining the corresponding relationship between the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt and the melt temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for measuring the melt shrinkage rate of amorphous alloys and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] There are many casting defects in the metal casting process, such as shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, stress, deformation, etc. The basic reason for their occurrence is the shrinkage of the casting alloy. The volume reduction phenomenon that occurs during the cooling process of the casting in the liquid state, solidification state, and solid state is called shrinkage. For general alloys, during the solidification process, the solidification shrinkage is usually (3% - 5%) and the sum of the liquid shrinkage is greater than the solid shrinkage. If there is no good feeding, defects such as shrinkage cavities and shrinkage porosity are likely to appear in the casting. Therefore, the research on the shrinkage characteristics of alloys is a prerequisite for obtaining castings with good metallurgical quality. Amorphous alloys are usually prepared under relatively high cooling conditions, and their microstructures still maintain the structure of the liquid state, and there is usually no solidification shrinkage process. The shrinkage characteristics of amorphous alloy melts during the glass transition process are different from those of crystalline alloys. At present, there is still a lack of relevant data on the shrinkage process of amorphous alloy melts, and relevant research work has rarely been reported. Therefore, obtaining the corresponding relationship between the cooling and shrinkage of amorphous alloy melts is crucial for forming amorphous alloy castings with precise dimensions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the prior art cannot measure the melt shrinkage rate of amorphous alloys, and further provides a device for measuring the melt shrinkage rate of amorphous alloys based on an optical lever and a method for using the same.

[0004] A device for measuring the melt shrinkage rate of amorphous alloys based on an optical lever, which is composed of a scale, a vacuum furnace body, an infrared thermometer, a K-type thermocouple, a lifting bracket, a laser generator, an induction coil, a crucible, a melt shrinkage test mold, an optical lever bracket, an optical lever, a thin sheet-shaped slider bracket, and a slider assembly;

[0005] A flange for monitoring the melt temperature is provided at the top of the vacuum furnace body, a rotary dynamic sealing mechanism is provided on the side wall, and a transparent window is provided on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body; the infrared thermometer is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body and directly above the flange for monitoring the melt temperature;

[0006] The K-type thermocouple, the lifting bracket, the induction coil, the crucible, the melt shrinkage test mold, the optical lever bracket, the optical lever, the thin sheet-shaped slider bracket, and the slider assembly are arranged inside the vacuum furnace body; the lifting bracket is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum furnace body, and the melt shrinkage test mold is arranged on the lifting bracket;

[0007] Inside the melt shrinkage test die, a sprue cup, a vertical sprue, a horizontal sprue and a vertical cavity are connected in sequence to form a U-shaped structure; the horizontal height of the outlet cross-section of the sprue cup is higher than the upper end face of the vertical cavity, and a thin sheet-shaped slider support is arranged on the upper end face of the melt shrinkage test die; the thickness of the thin sheet-shaped slider support is 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm; a thermocouple insertion hole is arranged on the side of the vertical cavity, and one end of a K-type thermocouple passes through the thermocouple insertion hole and is arranged inside the vertical cavity; a optical lever support is arranged on the side wall of the melt shrinkage test die, and the upper end face of the optical lever support is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end face of the melt shrinkage test die;

[0008] The slider assembly is composed of a slider, a connecting rod and a lapping piece. The slider is arranged in the upper part of the cavity of the vertical cavity with a clearance fit. The upper end of the slider is connected to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod passes through the thin sheet-shaped slider support and is connected to the lapping piece, and the lapping piece is lapped on the upper end face of the thin sheet-shaped slider support;

[0009] The optical lever is composed of a front foot tip, a support, a reflecting mirror, a horizontal rod and a horizontal rod foot tip. The lower end of the front foot tip is arranged on the upper end face of the optical lever support. The horizontal rod foot tip is in contact with the upper end face of the lapping piece. The reflecting mirror corresponds to the position of the transparent window on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body;

[0010] An induction coil is arranged outside the crucible. The end of the induction coil passes through the rotary dynamic sealing mechanism and is fixed, so that the crucible is arranged directly above the sprue cup and at the same time directly below the flange plate for monitoring the melt temperature;

[0011] The scale is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body. The scale ruler corresponds to the position of the transparent window on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body. A laser generator is arranged between the scale and the transparent window.

[0012] A method for using an amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device based on an optical lever is carried out according to the following steps:

[0013] 1. Place the melt shrinkage test die on the lifting bracket, place the amorphous alloy in the crucible, then close the vacuum furnace body and evacuate, and then introduce argon;

[0014] 2. Turn on the laser generator and make the laser directly face the reflecting mirror of the optical lever;

[0015] 3. Inductively melt the amorphous alloy in the crucible by using the induction coil to obtain an amorphous alloy melt. Use an infrared thermometer to measure the melt temperature and judge whether it reaches the preset temperature;

[0016] IV. By rotating the induction coil, the amorphous alloy melt in the crucible is cast into the vertical cavity of the melt shrinkage test mold. The optical lever and the K-type thermocouple both start to respond. Record the corresponding scale change of the laser emitted by the laser generator reflected on the scale by the mirror, and at the same time record the temperature change of the amorphous alloy melt. Calculate the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity through formula (a), and convert it into the shrinkage rate through formula (b), so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt and the melt temperature;

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, d is the vertical distance from the front foot tip to the horizontal rod foot tip in the optical lever, with the unit of mm; D is the vertical distance from the mirror in the optical lever to the scale, with the unit of mm; Δl is the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity, with the unit of mm; ΔL is the change amount of the scale reading corresponding to the amorphous alloy melt shrinking by Δl, with the unit of mm; ε is the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt; l C is the initial length of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity, with the unit of mm.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] Based on the preparation process of restoring amorphous alloys, the present invention adopts the optical lever amplification principle to solve the problem that it is difficult to measure the small shrinkage rate of amorphous alloy melts. Materials such as copper, steel, and graphite can be used as mold materials to ensure that the amorphous alloy melt is cooled and solidified to form an amorphous alloy at a sufficient cooling rate, and at the same time, the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt can be measured. At the same time, the present invention can control the melt melting temperature and the furnace pressure, and can be conveniently tested under different preparation process conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the device for measuring the shrinkage rate of amorphous alloy melt based on the optical lever of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the induction coil, crucible, melt shrinkage test mold, optical lever support, optical lever, thin plate-shaped slider support, and slider assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the melt shrinkage test mold, thin plate-shaped slider support, and slider assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the optical lever of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic measurement principle diagram of the device for measuring the shrinkage rate of amorphous alloy melt based on the optical lever of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Cooling curve of the amorphous alloy melt for the K-type thermocouple test in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 7 Curve of the corresponding relationship between the shrinkage rate and temperature of the amorphous alloy melt in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 8 X-ray diffraction pattern of the amorphous alloy melt after cooling to room temperature in Example 1. Specific implementation mode

[0029] Specific implementation mode 1, in combination with Figures 1 to 4 Specific description: A test device for the shrinkage rate of an amorphous alloy melt based on a light lever in this implementation mode, which is composed of a scale 1, a vacuum furnace body 2, an infrared thermometer 3, a K-type thermocouple 6, a lifting bracket 7, a laser generator 9, an induction coil 10, a crucible 11, a melt shrinkage test die 12, a light lever bracket 13, a light lever 14, a thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket 15 and a slider assembly 16;

[0030] A flange for monitoring the melt temperature is arranged at the top of the vacuum furnace body 2, a rotary dynamic sealing mechanism is arranged on the side wall, and a transparent window is arranged on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body 2; the infrared thermometer 3 is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body 2 and directly above the flange for monitoring the melt temperature;

[0031] The K-type thermocouple 6, the lifting bracket 7, the induction coil 10, the crucible 11, the melt shrinkage test die 12, the light lever bracket 13, the light lever 14, the thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket 15 and the slider assembly 16 are arranged inside the vacuum furnace body 2; the lifting bracket 7 is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum furnace body 2, and the melt shrinkage test die 12 is arranged on the lifting bracket 7;

[0032] The inside of the melt shrinkage test die 12 is a U-shaped structure formed by sequentially connecting a sprue cup 12-1, a vertical runner 12-2, a horizontal runner 12-3 and a vertical cavity 12-4; the horizontal height of the outlet cross-section of the sprue cup 12-1 is higher than the upper end face of the vertical cavity 12-4, and a thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket 15 is arranged on the upper end face of the melt shrinkage test die 12; the thickness of the thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket 15 is 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm; a thermocouple insertion hole is arranged on the side of the vertical cavity 12-4, and one end of the K-type thermocouple 6 passes through the thermocouple insertion hole and is arranged inside the vertical cavity 12-4; a light lever bracket 13 is arranged on the side wall of the melt shrinkage test die 12, and the upper end face of the light lever bracket 13 is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end face of the melt shrinkage test die 12;

[0033] The described slider assembly 16 consists of a slider 16-1, a connecting rod 16-2, and a lapping piece 16-3. The slider 16-1 is arranged at the upper part of the cavity of the vertical cavity 12-4 with a clearance fit. The upper end of the slider 16-1 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 16-2. The other end of the connecting rod 16-2 passes through the thin-sheet-shaped slider support 15 and is connected to the lapping piece 16-3, and the lapping piece 16-3 laps on the upper end face of the thin-sheet-shaped slider support 15.

[0034] The described optical lever 14 consists of a front foot tip 17, a support 18, a reflecting mirror 19, a horizontal rod 20, and a horizontal rod foot tip 21. The lower end of the front foot tip 17 is arranged on the upper end face of the optical lever support 13. The horizontal rod foot tip 21 is in contact with the upper end face of the lapping piece 16-3. The reflecting mirror 19 corresponds to the position of the transparent window on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body 2.

[0035] An induction coil 10 is arranged outside the crucible 11. The end of the induction coil 10 passes through the rotary dynamic sealing mechanism and is fixed, so that the crucible 11 is arranged directly above the pouring cup 12-1 and is simultaneously located directly below the flange for melt temperature monitoring.

[0036] The described scale 1 is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body 2. The scale of the scale 1 corresponds to the position of the transparent window on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body 2. A laser generator 9 is arranged between the scale 1 and the transparent window.

[0037] In this specific embodiment, the infrared thermometer 3 is installed outside the vacuum furnace body 2, directly above the crucible 11, and can monitor the temperature of the alloy melt in real time through the observation window of the flange for melt temperature monitoring on the vacuum furnace body 2.

[0038] In this specific embodiment, the melt shrinkage test die 12 adopts a bottom-casting design to reduce the influence of the runner shrinkage on the measurement data. The die is internally equipped with a slider assembly 16, which can slide up and down according to the change of the melt volume.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, the melt shrinkage test die 12 is placed on the lifting bracket 7, and the height of the die in the furnace can be adjusted through the lifting bracket 7.

[0040] In this specific embodiment, the optical lever 14 is placed on the optical lever support 13 of the melt shrinkage test die 12, and the horizontal rod foot tip 21 of the optical lever 14 is in contact with the lapping piece 16-3 of the slider assembly 16. The optical lever 14 can deflect at an angle with the change of the position of the slider assembly 16.

[0041] In this specific embodiment, the scale 1 is located outside the vacuum furnace body 2, facing the transparent window of the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body 2. A laser generator 9 is arranged between the scale 1 and the observation window. The laser emitted by the laser generator 9 can pass through the transparent window and be projected onto the reflecting mirror 19 of the optical lever 14, and then be reflected back to the scale 1. When the optical lever 14 deflects at an angle, the reflecting mirror 19 also deflects accordingly, and the position where the laser is reflected onto the scale 1 also changes.

[0042] A thermocouple insertion hole is arranged on the side of the vertical cavity 12-4 of the melt shrinkage test die 12. One end of the K-type thermocouple 6 passes through the thermocouple insertion hole and is arranged inside the vertical cavity 12-4 to measure the temperature change during the cooling process of the amorphous alloy melt.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this specific embodiment are:

[0044] Based on the preparation process of restoring amorphous alloys, this specific embodiment uses the optical lever amplification principle to solve the problem that it is difficult to measure the small melt shrinkage rate of amorphous alloys. Materials such as copper, steel, and graphite can be used as the die materials to ensure that the amorphous alloy melt cools and solidifies to form amorphous alloys at a sufficient cooling rate, while realizing the measurement of the melt shrinkage rate of amorphous alloys. At the same time, this specific embodiment can control the melt melting temperature and the furnace pressure, and can be conveniently tested under different preparation process conditions.

[0045] Specific embodiment two: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that a camera 8 is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body 2, and the camera 8 corresponds to the scale position of the scale 1. Others are the same as specific embodiment one.

[0046] This specific embodiment uses the camera 8 to record the scale where the laser is reflected onto the scale 1 in real time.

[0047] Specific embodiment three: The difference between this embodiment and one of specific embodiments one or two is that a flange for thermocouple wiring is arranged on the side wall of the vacuum furnace body 2; the other end of the K-type thermocouple 6 is electrically connected to the temperature data collector 5 through the flange for thermocouple wiring, and the temperature data collector 5 is connected to the computer 4 through an RJ45 interface. Others are the same as specific embodiments one or two.

[0048] Specific embodiment four: The difference between this embodiment and one of specific embodiments one to three is that the vacuum furnace body 2 is connected to a secondary vacuum system. Others are the same as specific embodiments one to three.

[0049] Specific Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and any one of Specific Embodiments 1 to 4 is that: the sprue cup 12-1 is of a conical structure, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the sprue cup 12-1 is larger than that of the outlet of the sprue cup 12-1. Others are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 4.

[0050] Specific Embodiment 6: The difference between this embodiment and any one of Specific Embodiments 1 to 5 is that: the vertical runner 12-2, the horizontal runner 12-3 and the vertical cavity 12-4 are all of cylindrical cavity structures; let the diameters of the vertical runner 12-2 and the horizontal runner 12-3 be d C , and the diameter of the vertical cavity 12-4 be D C , D C ≥d C . Others are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 5.

[0051] Specific Embodiment 7: The difference between this embodiment and any one of Specific Embodiments 1 to 6 is that: the mirror 19 is arranged on the bracket 18, the front toe 17 is arranged at the bottom of the bracket 18, the horizontal rod 20 is arranged on one end face of the bracket 18, and the horizontal rod toe 21 is arranged at the end of the horizontal rod 20. Others are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 6.

[0052] Specific Embodiment 8, specifically described in combination with Figure 5 Specific description: A method for using a device for testing the shrinkage rate of an amorphous alloy melt based on a light lever in this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0053] 1. Place the melt shrinkage test die 12 on the lifting bracket 7, place the amorphous alloy in the crucible 11, then close the vacuum furnace body 2 and evacuate, and then introduce argon;

[0054] 2. Turn on the laser generator 9 and make the laser directly face the mirror 19 of the light lever 14;

[0055] 3. Use the induction coil 10 to inductively melt the amorphous alloy in the crucible 11 to obtain an amorphous alloy melt, use the infrared thermometer 3 to measure the temperature of the melt, and judge whether it reaches the preset temperature;

[0056] 4. By rotating the induction coil 10, pour the amorphous alloy melt in the crucible 11 into the vertical cavity 12-4 of the melt shrinkage test die 12. The light lever 14 and the K-type thermocouple 6 both start to respond. Record the scale change corresponding to the laser emitted by the laser generator 9 reflected on the scale 1 by the mirror 19, and at the same time record the temperature change of the amorphous alloy melt. Calculate the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4 through formula (a), and convert it into a shrinkage rate through formula (b), so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt and the melt temperature;

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, d is the vertical distance from the front foot tip 17 to the foot tip 21 of the horizontal rod in the optical lever 14, with the unit of mm; D is the vertical distance from the reflecting mirror 19 to the scale 1 in the optical lever 14, with the unit of mm; Δl is the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4, with the unit of mm; ΔL is the change amount of the scale reading corresponding to the scale 1 when the amorphous alloy melt shrinks by Δl, with the unit of mm; ε is the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt; l C is the initial length of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4, with the unit of mm.

[0059] Since the horizontal height of the outlet cross-section of the pouring cup 12-1 of the melt shrinkage test die 12 is higher than the upper end surface of the vertical cavity 12-4, according to the principle of communicating vessels, when the amorphous alloy melt fills the vertical cavity 12-4 and contacts the lower end surface of the slider 16-1, the upper end surface of the overlapping piece 16-3 of the slider assembly 16 rises from the original position 1 to position 2. Then, as the temperature of the amorphous alloy melt drops and shrinks, the upper end surface of the overlapping piece 16-3 of the slider assembly 16 drops from position 2 to position 3. Correspondingly, there are also corresponding positions of the laser on the scale, as Figure 5 shown.

[0060] In this specific embodiment, the melting and casting and solidification of the amorphous alloy are carried out under vacuum and protected by argon gas.

[0061] In this specific embodiment, the camera 8 is used to record the corresponding scale change of the laser reflected by the laser generator 9 on the scale. At the same time, the temperature data collector 5 and the computer 4 record the temperature change of the amorphous alloy melt. Starting from the response time of each sensor, the corresponding relationship between the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt and the melt temperature can be obtained.

[0062] Specific Embodiment Nine: The difference between this embodiment and Specific Embodiment Eight is that: in Step Four, when the amorphous alloy melt fills the vertical cavity 12-4 and contacts the lower end surface of the slider 16-1, the upper end surface of the overlapping piece 16-3 rises from the original position 1 to position 2. As the temperature of the amorphous alloy melt drops and shrinks, the upper end surface of the overlapping piece 16-3 drops to position 3. Others are the same as Specific Embodiment Eight.

[0063] Specific Embodiment Ten: The difference between this embodiment and one of Specific Embodiments Eight or Nine is that: the formula (a) in Step Four is specifically derived from formulas (c) to (l), and the formula (b) is specifically calculated from formulas (a) and (m), as follows:

[0064]

[0065] When θ → 0:

[0066]

[0067] Then we have:

[0068]

[0069] Similarly, we have:

[0070]

[0071] When γ → 0

[0072]

[0073] Then we have:

[0074]

[0075] Therefore:

[0076]

[0077] The shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt can be calculated by the following formula:

[0078] l C = l y + Δl0(m)

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, d is the vertical distance from the front foot tip 17 to the foot tip 21 of the horizontal rod in the optical lever 14, with the unit of mm; D is the vertical distance from the reflecting mirror 19 to the scale 1 in the optical lever 14, with the unit of mm; ε is the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt; l C is the initial length of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4, with the unit of mm; l yWhen the amorphous alloy melt does not enter the vertical cavity 12-4, \(h_0\) is the distance from the lower end face of the initial state slider 16-1 to the bottom of the vertical cavity 12-4; \(\theta\) is the angle between the horizontal rod 20 and the horizontal direction when the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 rises from the original position 1 to position 2; \(\Delta l_0\) is the distance that the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 rises from the original position 1 to position 2, with the unit of mm; \(\Delta L_0\) is the change in the reading of the scale 1 corresponding to the rise of the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 from the original position 1 to position 2, with the unit of mm; \(\gamma\) is the angle between the horizontal rod 20 and the horizontal direction when the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 descends from position 2 to position 3; \(\Delta l\) is the shrinkage of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4, that is, the distance that the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 descends from position 2 to position 3, with the unit of mm; \(\Delta L\) is the change in the reading of the scale 1 corresponding to the shrinkage \(\Delta l\) of the amorphous alloy melt, that is, the change in the reading of the scale 1 when the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 descends from position 2 to position 3, with the unit of mm. Others are the same as in the eighth or ninth specific implementation manners.

[0081] The following embodiments are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0082] Embodiment 1:

[0083] A test device for the shrinkage rate of an amorphous alloy melt based on a light lever, which is composed of a scale 1, a vacuum furnace body 2, an infrared thermometer 3, a K-type thermocouple 6, a lifting bracket 7, a laser generator 9, an induction coil 10, a crucible 11, a melt shrinkage test die 12, a light lever bracket 13, a light lever 14, a thin-slice-shaped slider bracket 15 and a slider assembly 16;

[0084] A flange for monitoring the melt temperature is arranged at the top of the vacuum furnace body 2, a rotary dynamic sealing mechanism is arranged on the side wall, and a transparent window is arranged on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body 2; the infrared thermometer 3 is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body 2 and directly above the flange for monitoring the melt temperature;

[0085] The K-type thermocouple 6, the lifting bracket 7, the induction coil 10, the crucible 11, the melt shrinkage test die 12, the light lever bracket 13, the light lever 14, the thin-slice-shaped slider bracket 15 and the slider assembly 16 are arranged inside the vacuum furnace body 2; the lifting bracket 7 is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum furnace body 2, and the melt shrinkage test die 12 is arranged on the lifting bracket 7;

[0086] Inside the melt shrinkage test die 12, a sprue cup 12-1, a vertical runner 12-2, a horizontal runner 12-3, and a vertical cavity 12-4 are connected in sequence to form a U-shaped structure; the horizontal height of the outlet cross-section of the sprue cup 12-1 is higher than the upper end face of the vertical cavity 12-4, and a thin plate-shaped slider support 15 is arranged on the upper end face of the melt shrinkage test die 12; the thickness of the thin plate-shaped slider support 15 is 0.5 mm; a thermocouple insertion hole is arranged on the side of the vertical cavity 12-4, and one end of a K-type thermocouple 6 passes through the thermocouple insertion hole and is arranged inside the vertical cavity 12-4; a light lever support 13 is arranged on the side wall of the melt shrinkage test die 12, and the upper end face of the light lever support 13 and the upper end face of the melt shrinkage test die 12 are on the same horizontal plane;

[0087] The slider assembly 16 is composed of a slider 16-1, a connecting rod 16-2, and a lapping piece 16-3. The slider 16-1 is arranged in the upper part of the cavity of the vertical cavity 12-4 with a clearance fit. The upper end of the slider 16-1 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 16-2. The other end of the connecting rod 16-2 passes through the thin plate-shaped slider support 15 and is connected to the lapping piece 16-3, and the lapping piece 16-3 is lapped on the upper end face of the thin plate-shaped slider support 15;

[0088] The light lever 14 is composed of a front foot tip 17, a support 18, a reflecting mirror 19, a horizontal rod 20, and a horizontal rod foot tip 21. The lower end of the front foot tip 17 is arranged on the upper end face of the light lever support 13. The horizontal rod foot tip 21 is in contact with the upper end face of the lapping piece 16-3. The reflecting mirror 19 corresponds to the position of the transparent window on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body 2;

[0089] An induction coil 10 is arranged outside the crucible 11. The end of the induction coil 10 passes through the rotary dynamic sealing mechanism and is fixed, so that the crucible 11 is arranged directly above the sprue cup 12-1 and is simultaneously located directly below the flange for melt temperature monitoring;

[0090] The scale 1 is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body 2. The scale of the scale 1 corresponds to the position of the transparent window on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body 2. A laser generator 9 is arranged between the scale 1 and the transparent window.

[0091] A camera 8 is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body 2. The camera 8 corresponds to the scale of the scale 1.

[0092] A flange for thermocouple wiring is arranged on the side wall of the vacuum furnace body 2; the other end of the K-type thermocouple 6 is electrically connected to a temperature data collector 5 through the flange for thermocouple wiring, and the temperature data collector 5 is connected to a computer 4 through an RJ45 interface.

[0093] The vacuum furnace body 2 is connected to a secondary vacuum system.

[0094] The described pouring cup 12-1 has a conical structure, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the pouring cup 12-1 is larger than that of the outlet of the pouring cup 12-1.

[0095] The described vertical runner 12-2, horizontal runner 12-3 and vertical cavity 12-4 are all cylindrical cavity structures; let the diameter of the vertical runner 12-2 and the horizontal runner 12-3 be d C , and the diameter of the vertical cavity 12-4 be D C , d C = 9 mm, D C = 10 mm.

[0096] The described mirror 19 is arranged on the bracket 18. The front toe 17 is arranged at the bottom of the bracket 18, the horizontal rod 20 is arranged on one end face of the bracket 18, and the horizontal rod toe 21 is arranged at the end of the horizontal rod 20.

[0097] The materials of the described melt shrinkage test die 12, thin sheet-shaped slider bracket 15 and slider assembly 16 are all copper.

[0098] The usage method of the above amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device based on a light lever is as follows:

[0099] I. Place the melt shrinkage test die 12 on the lifting bracket 7, place the amorphous alloy in the crucible 11, then close the vacuum furnace body 2. First, use a mechanical pump to evacuate to 10 Pa, and then use a molecular pump to evacuate to 10 -3 Pa, and then introduce argon gas to 50 kPa;

[0100] The described amorphous alloy is Zr 41.2 Ti 13.8 Cu 12.5 Ni 10 Be 22.5 (grade: Vit1);

[0101] II. Turn on the laser generator 9, and make the laser directly face the mirror 19 of the light lever 14. Turn on the camera 8 for focusing, adjust the position of the scale 1, so that the camera 8 directly faces the position where the laser reflected by the mirror 19 of the light lever 14 hits the scale 1, in order to record the change of the scale value; turn on the temperature data collector 5 and the computer 4 to record the temperature of the amorphous alloy melt entering the vertical cavity 12-4.

[0102] III. Use the induction coil 10 to inductively melt the amorphous alloy in the crucible 11 to obtain an amorphous alloy melt, use the infrared thermometer 3 to measure the melt temperature, and judge whether it reaches the preset temperature;

[0103] IV. By rotating the induction coil 10, the amorphous alloy melt in the crucible 11 is cast into the vertical cavity 12-4 of the melt shrinkage test die 12. The optical lever 14 and the K-type thermocouple 6 both start to respond. Record the scale change corresponding to the laser emitted by the laser generator 9 reflected on the scale 1 by the mirror 19, and at the same time record the temperature change of the amorphous alloy melt. Wait until the amorphous alloy melt cools to room temperature, calculate the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4 through formula (a), and convert it into the shrinkage rate through formula (b), so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt and the melt temperature;

[0104]

[0105] In the formula, d is the vertical distance from the front foot tip 17 to the horizontal rod foot tip 21 in the optical lever 14, with the unit of mm; D is the vertical distance from the mirror 19 to the scale 1 in the optical lever 14, with the unit of mm; Δl is the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4, with the unit of mm; ΔL is the change amount of the scale reading corresponding to the scale 1 when the amorphous alloy melt shrinks by Δl, with the unit of mm; ε is the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt; l C is the initial length of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4, with the unit of mm;

[0106] In step IV, when the amorphous alloy melt is filled into the vertical cavity 12-4 and contacts the lower end surface of the slider 16-1, the upper end surface of the lap joint piece 16-3 rises from the original position 1 to position 2. As the temperature of the amorphous alloy melt decreases and shrinks, the upper end surface of the lap joint piece 16-3 drops to position 3.

[0107] The formula (a) in step IV is specifically derived through formulas (c) to (l), and formula (b) is specifically calculated through formula (a) and formula (m), as follows:

[0108]

[0109] When θ→0:

[0110]

[0111] Then there is:

[0112]

[0113] Similarly, there is:

[0114]

[0115] When γ→0

[0116]

[0117] Then there is:

[0118]

[0119] Therefore:

[0120]

[0121] The shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt can be calculated by the following formula:

[0122] l C = l y + Δl0(m)

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, d is the vertical distance from the front foot tip 17 to the foot tip 21 of the horizontal rod in the optical lever 14, with the unit of mm; D is the vertical distance from the reflecting mirror 19 to the scale 1 in the optical lever 14, with the unit of mm; ε is the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt; l C is the initial length of the amorphous alloy melt in the vertical cavity 12-4 in the length direction, with the unit of mm; l y is the distance from the lower end face of the initial state slider 16-1 to the bottom of the vertical cavity 12-4 when the amorphous alloy melt has not entered the vertical cavity 12-4; θ is the angle between the horizontal rod 20 and the horizontal direction when the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 rises from the original position 1 to position 2; Δl0 is the distance that the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 rises from the original position 1 to position 2, with the unit of mm; ΔL0 is the change amount of the reading on the scale 1 corresponding to the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 rising from the original position 1 to position 2, with the unit of mm; γ is the angle between the horizontal rod 20 and the horizontal direction when the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 descends from position 2 to position 3; Δl is the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity 12-4, that is, the distance that the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 descends from position 2 to position 3, with the unit of mm; ΔL is the change amount of the reading on the scale 1 corresponding to the amorphous alloy melt shrinking by Δl, that is, the change amount of the reading on the scale 1 when the upper end face of the lap joint 16-3 descends from position 2 to position 3, with the unit of mm.

[0125] In this embodiment, data processing starts from the responses of the K-type thermocouple 6 and the optical lever 14.

[0126] The optical lever 14 described in this embodiment is purchased from Changchun Lepu Technology Co., Ltd., and the model is YMC-IV.

[0127] Figure 6Cooling curve of the amorphous alloy melt for the K-type thermocouple test in Example 1. As can be seen from the figure, the cooling process of the amorphous alloy melt can be divided into a rapid cooling stage, a transition stage, and a slow cooling stage. At the initial stage of cooling, the temperature of the amorphous alloy melt drops rapidly and reaches the glass transition temperature of the alloy (about 357 °C) at 4.2 s, which indicates that the copper melt shrinkage test die 12 can provide a high cooling rate for the alloy melt.

[0128] Figure 7 Corresponding relationship curve between the shrinkage rate and temperature of the amorphous alloy melt in Example 1. As can be seen from the figure, the change rate of the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt changes at about 390 °C, which is slightly higher than the glass transition temperature of 357 °C of the amorphous alloy. When the temperature is below this temperature, the shrinkage of the alloy is faster than that above this temperature. This indicates that the microstructure of the amorphous alloy melt changes at this temperature. At the same time, there is a transition stage in this transformation, indicating that the glass transition of the amorphous alloy melt is completed in a temperature range.

[0129] Figure 8 X-ray diffraction pattern of the amorphous alloy melt after cooling to room temperature in Example 1. As can be seen from the figure, there are no sharp diffraction peaks in the figure, indicating that the obtained amorphous alloy has a completely amorphous structure. For the Vit1 alloy, the copper melt shrinkage test die 12 can provide a sufficient cooling rate. It shows that the device in this example can reproduce the preparation process of the amorphous alloy and can test the shrinkage rate during the transformation of the amorphous alloy melt into the amorphous alloy.

Claims

1. An amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device based on an optical lever, characterized in that It consists of a scale (1), a vacuum furnace body (2), an infrared thermometer (3), a K-type thermocouple (6), a lifting bracket (7), a laser generator (9), an induction coil (10), a crucible (11), a melt shrinkage test die (12), a light lever bracket (13), a light lever (14), a thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket (15) and a slider assembly (16). A flange for monitoring the melt temperature is provided at the top of the vacuum furnace body (2), a rotary dynamic sealing mechanism is provided on the side wall, and a transparent window is provided on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body (2); the infrared thermometer (3) is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body (2) and directly above the flange for monitoring the melt temperature. The K-type thermocouple (6), the lifting bracket (7), the induction coil (10), the crucible (11), the melt shrinkage test die (12), the light lever bracket (13), the light lever (14), the thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket (15) and the slider assembly (16) are arranged inside the vacuum furnace body (2); the lifting bracket (7) is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum furnace body (2), and the melt shrinkage test die (12) is arranged on the lifting bracket (7). Inside the melt shrinkage test die (12), a sprue cup (12-1), a vertical runner (12-2), a horizontal runner (12-3) and a vertical cavity (12-4) are sequentially connected into a U-shaped structure; the horizontal height of the outlet cross-section of the sprue cup (12-1) is higher than the upper end face of the vertical cavity (12-4), and a thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket (15) is arranged on the upper end face of the melt shrinkage test die (12); the thickness of the thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket (15) is 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm; a thermocouple insertion hole is arranged on the side of the vertical cavity (12-4), and one end of the K-type thermocouple (6) passes through the thermocouple insertion hole and is arranged inside the vertical cavity (12-4); a light lever bracket (13) is arranged on the side wall of the melt shrinkage test die (12), and the upper end face of the light lever bracket (13) is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end face of the melt shrinkage test die (12). The slider assembly (16) consists of a slider (16-1), a connecting rod (16-2) and a lapping piece (16-3). The slider (16-1) is arranged in the upper part of the cavity of the vertical cavity (12-4) with a clearance fit. The upper end of the slider (16-1) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (16-2), the other end of the connecting rod (16-2) passes through the thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket (15) and is connected to the lapping piece (16-3), and the lapping piece (16-3) is lapped on the upper end face of the thin-sheet-shaped slider bracket (15). The light lever (14) consists of a front foot tip (17), a bracket (18), a reflecting mirror (19), a horizontal rod (20) and a horizontal rod foot tip (21). The lower end of the front foot tip (17) is arranged on the upper end face of the light lever bracket (13), the horizontal rod foot tip (21) is in contact with the upper end face of the lapping piece (16-3), and the reflecting mirror (19) corresponds to the position of the transparent window on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body (2). An induction coil (10) is arranged outside the crucible (11). The end of the induction coil (10) passes through the rotary dynamic sealing mechanism and is fixed, so that the crucible (11) is arranged directly above the pouring cup (12-1) and simultaneously directly below the flange for melt temperature monitoring. The scale (1) is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body (2). The scale of the scale (1) corresponds to the position of the transparent window on the furnace door of the vacuum furnace body (2). A laser generator (9) is arranged between the scale (1) and the transparent window.

2. The amorphous alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device based on an optical lever according to claim 1, wherein A camera (8) is arranged outside the vacuum furnace body (2). The camera (8) corresponds to the scale position of the scale (1).

3. The test device for the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt based on the optical lever according to claim 1, wherein A flange for thermocouple wiring is arranged on the side wall of the vacuum furnace body (2). The other end of the K-type thermocouple (6) is electrically connected to the temperature data collector (5) through the flange for thermocouple wiring. The temperature data collector (5) is connected to the computer (4) through an RJ45 interface.

4. The test device for the shrinkage rate of amorphous alloy melt based on optical lever according to claim 1, characterized in that The vacuum furnace body (2) is connected to a secondary vacuum system.

5. The test device for the shrinkage rate of amorphous alloy melt based on optical lever according to claim 1, wherein The pouring cup (12-1) is of a conical structure, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the pouring cup (12-1) is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the pouring cup (12-1).

6. The measuring device for the shrinkage rate of an amorphous alloy melt based on a optical lever according to claim 1, wherein The described vertical runner (12-2), horizontal runner (12-3) and vertical cavity (12-4) are all cylindrical cavity structures; let the diameters of the vertical runner (12-2) and the horizontal runner (12-3) be d C , and the diameter of the vertical cavity (12-4) be D C , D C ≥d C .

7. The non-crystalline alloy melt shrinkage rate testing device based on a light lever according to claim 1, characterized in that The mirror (19) is arranged on the bracket (18). The front toe (17) is arranged at the bottom of the bracket (18). A horizontal rod (20) is arranged on one end face of the bracket (18). The horizontal rod toe (21) is arranged at the end of the horizontal rod (20).

8. The usage method of a test device for the shrinkage rate of an amorphous alloy melt based on an optical lever according to claim 1, characterized in that It is carried out according to the following steps:

1. Place the melt shrinkage test die (12) on the lifting bracket (7). Place the amorphous alloy in the crucible (11). Then close the vacuum furnace body (2) and evacuate it, and then introduce argon.

2. Turn on the laser generator (9) and make the laser directly face the mirror (19) of the optical lever (14).

3. Use the induction coil (10) to inductively melt the amorphous alloy in the crucible (11) to obtain an amorphous alloy melt. Use the infrared thermometer (3) to measure the temperature of the melt and judge whether it reaches the preset temperature.

4. By rotating the induction coil (10), pour the amorphous alloy melt in the crucible (11) into the vertical cavity (12-4) of the melt shrinkage test die (12). The optical lever (14) and the K-type thermocouple (6) both start to respond. Record the corresponding scale change of the laser emitted by the laser generator (9) reflected on the scale (1) through the mirror (19), and at the same time record the temperature change of the amorphous alloy melt. Calculate the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity (12-4) through formula (a), and convert it into a shrinkage rate through formula (b), so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt and the melt temperature. In the formula, d is the vertical distance from the front toe tip (17) to the horizontal bar toe tip (21) in the optical lever (14), with the unit of mm; D is the vertical distance from the mirror (19) to the scale (1) in the optical lever (14), with the unit of mm; Δl is the shrinkage amount of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity (12-4), with the unit of mm; ΔL is the change amount of the scale (1) reading corresponding to the shrinkage of the amorphous alloy melt by Δl, with the unit of mm; ε is the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt; l C is the initial length of the amorphous alloy melt in the length direction in the vertical cavity (12-4), with the unit of mm.

9. The method for using a test device for the shrinkage rate of an amorphous alloy melt based on an optical lever according to claim 8, characterized in that In step 4, when the amorphous alloy melt fills the vertical cavity (12-4) and contacts the lower end face of the slider (16-1), the upper end face of the overlapping piece (16-3) rises from the original position 1 to position 2. As the temperature of the amorphous alloy melt drops and shrinks, the upper end face of the overlapping piece (16-3) drops to position 3.

10. A test device for the shrinkage rate of an amorphous alloy melt based on an optical lever according to claim 9, characterized in that the steps The specific formula (a) described in item 4 is derived from formulas (c) to (l), and the specific formula (b) is calculated from formulas (a) and (m), as follows: When θ→0: Then there is: Similarly, there is: When γ→0 Then there is: Therefore: The shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt can be calculated by the following formula: l C = l y + Δl0(m) Where d is the vertical distance from the front foot tip (17) to the horizontal bar foot tip (21) in the optical lever (14), with the unit of mm; D is the vertical distance from the mirror (19) to the scale (1) in the optical lever (14), with the unit of mm; ε is the shrinkage rate of the amorphous alloy melt; l C is the initial length in the length direction of the amorphous alloy melt in the vertical cavity (12-4), with the unit of mm; l y is the distance from the lower end face of the initial state slider (16-1) to the bottom of the vertical cavity (12-4) when the amorphous alloy melt has not entered the vertical cavity (12-4); θ is the angle between the horizontal bar (20) and the horizontal direction when the upper end face of the overlap piece (16-3) rises from the original position 1 to position 2; Δl0 is the distance that the upper end face of the overlap piece (16-3) rises from the original position 1 to position 2, with the unit of mm; ΔL0 is the change in the reading of the corresponding scale (1) when the upper end face of the overlap piece (16-3) rises from the original position 1 to position 2, with the unit of mm; γ is the angle between the horizontal bar (20) and the horizontal direction when the upper end face of the overlap piece (16-3) descends from position 2 to position 3; Δl is the shrinkage amount in the length direction of the amorphous alloy melt in the vertical cavity (12-4), that is, the distance that the upper end face of the overlap piece (16-3) descends from position 2 to position 3, with the unit of mm; ΔL is the change in the reading of the corresponding scale (1) when the amorphous alloy melt shrinks by Δl, that is, the change in the reading of the corresponding scale (1) when the upper end face of the overlap piece (16-3) descends from position 2 to position 3, with the unit of mm.

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