High-parameter high-voltage isolating switch

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-parameter high-voltage isolating switch which comprises a shell, a basin-type insulator, a moving contact seat, a moving contact, a rack, a gear, a piston, a static contact and a static arc contact. The basin-type insulator is installed in the shell, the moving contact seat is fixed on the basin-type insulator, and the moving contact is installed on the moving contact seat. The rack is fixed on the moving contact and engaged with the gear, and the gear is connected to the transmission system to drive the moving contact to perform opening and closing motion; the piston is mounted on the moving contact seat, forms an air compression chamber together with the moving contact, and is used for compressing air to generate high-speed airflow to blow out an electric arc during opening; the static contact is fixed on the shell through the basin-type insulator, and the static arc contact is arranged on the static contact, adopts a copper-tungsten alloy plum blossom petal structure and is matched with a nozzle of the moving contact to realize arc limitation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrical equipment, and particularly to a high-parameter high-voltage disconnector. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, the disconnector is an important electrical equipment. The main functions of the disconnector in the power system are as follows: (1) When in the open position, there is an insulation distance that meets the specified requirements and an obvious disconnection mark between the contacts to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel; (2) When in the closed position, it can carry the current under normal circuit conditions and the current under abnormal conditions (such as short circuit) within a specified time; (3) The disconnector used in the double-busbar connection mode has the ability to open and close the bus transfer current; (4) It has the ability to open and close a small capacitive current; (5) It has the ability to open and close a small inductive current.

[0003] With the development of the power system, the grid load demand has also increased rapidly. To meet the market demand, the rated current of the extra-high voltage 126 kV GIS product has increased from the conventional 3150 A to 4000 A; the rated current of the 252 kV GIS product has increased from the conventional 4000 to 5000 A, and the performance requirements for the disconnector are getting higher and higher. IEC62271-102:2018 "High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 102: High-voltage alternating-current disconnectors and earthing switches" and DL / T 486-2021 "High-voltage alternating-current disconnectors and earthing switches" increase the upper limit value of the bus transfer current for voltage levels of 252 kV and above from 1600 A to 4000 A. In the case of high bus transfer current parameters, traditional disconnectors may not meet the requirements. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a disconnector that can adapt to high bus transfer current parameters.

[0004] The existing disconnector consists of components such as an electric mechanism, a transmission system, a moving contact, a static contact seat, a moving arcing contact, and a static arcing contact. The material of the arcing contact is a copper-tungsten alloy that is resistant to arc ablation. When the disconnector with a double-busbar connection switches the bus, it is necessary to open and close the bus transfer current. However, when opening and breaking a large bus transfer current, the arc extinguishing ability is too weak, and the arc cannot be reliably extinguished, resulting in serious ablation of the contacts and the shielding cover, thereby reducing the insulation ability between the break ports and leading to breakdown, and ultimately resulting in the failure of opening and breaking.

[0005] In the design of high-parameter disconnectors, the loop current breaking performance needs to be considered. As the rated current increases, the loop current also increases accordingly, the degree of arc ablation increases, the bus transfer voltage increases, and the arcing time increases. It is not easy to achieve breaking with conventional breaking methods. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention discloses a high-parameter high-voltage disconnector, which includes a housing, a pot-type insulator, a moving contact holder, a moving contact, a rack, a gear, a piston, a static contact, and a static arc contact; The pot-type insulator is installed inside the housing, the moving contact holder is fixed on the pot-type insulator, and the moving contact is installed on the moving contact holder; The rack is fixed to the moving contact and meshes with the gear, and the gear is connected to the transmission system to drive the moving contact to perform opening and closing movements; The piston is installed on the moving contact holder and together with the moving contact forms a compressed air chamber for compressing gas to generate a high-speed air flow to blow out the arc during opening; The static contact is fixed to the housing through the pot-type insulator, the static arc contact is installed on the static contact, and adopts a copper-tungsten alloy petal structure, which cooperates with the nozzle of the moving contact to achieve arc limitation.

[0007] Furthermore, the outlet of the air flow channel inside the moving contact adopts a variable diameter design, and the cross-sectional area of the air flow channel is smaller than that of the compressed air chamber to accelerate the air flow speed through the continuity equation.

[0008] Furthermore, the moving contact and the rack adopt an unequal length design. The length of the rack meets the requirements of the opening and closing stroke, and the length of the moving contact meets the requirements of current-carrying capacity.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer shape of the static arc contact is designed as a large curvature structure, which cooperates with the shielding cover to shield the breaking gap, and its surface adopts a copper-tungsten alloy material to enhance the arc erosion resistance.

[0010] Furthermore, the transmission system includes a spline transmission shaft, and the spline transmission shaft meshes with the rack through the gear to drive the moving contact to perform a linear motion.

[0011] Furthermore, the moving contact holder is provided with a rack guide block and a moving contact guide sleeve to ensure the smooth movement of the moving contact.

[0012] Furthermore, the static contact and the shielding cover are integrally designed, and the independent shielding cover structure is omitted to reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention effectively shortens the arcing time and reduces mechanical impact through the design of the operating mechanism with rapid opening and slow closing. Combining the directional high-speed air flow generated by the synergistic action of the puffer chamber and the moving contact to accelerate the arc cooling and extinction significantly enhances the arc extinguishing ability; the variable-diameter optimization of the air flow channel inside the moving contact further increases the gas flow rate and enhances the arc extinguishing efficiency; the static arc contact adopts a copper-tungsten alloy plum blossom petal structure, taking into account both the arc erosion resistance and the fracture shielding function, reducing the damage to the main contact caused by arc drift; the unequal-length design of the moving contact and the rack reduces the mass of the moving parts while meeting the requirements of current-carrying capacity and stroke, improving the operation stability; the optimized design of the transmission system and the guiding structure ensures the smooth and reliable opening and closing actions and extends the mechanical life; the integrated design of the static contact and the shielding cover simplifies the structure and reduces the manufacturing cost, overall improving the breaking performance, electrical life and operation reliability of the disconnector under high bus transfer current and meeting the stringent requirements of the power system for large-current parameter equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In combination with the accompanying drawings and with reference to the following detailed description, the above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent. The drawings are used to better understand the solution and do not limit the present disclosure. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, where: Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Reference numerals: 1, housing; 2, first pot-type insulator; 3, moving contact holder; 4, moving contact; 5, rack; 6, gear; 7, piston; 8, second pot-type insulator; 9, static contact; 10, static arc contact; 11, shielding cover; 12, rack guide block; 13, moving contact guide sleeve; 14, spline transmission shaft; 15, static-side main contact finger; 16, moving-side main contact finger; 101, puffer chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Referring to Figure 1 , the embodiments of the present invention provide a high-parameter high-voltage disconnector, including a housing 1, a first pot-type insulator 2, a moving contact holder 3, a moving contact 4, a rack 5, a gear 6, a piston 7, a second pot-type insulator 8, a static contact 9 and a static arc contact 10; The first pot insulator 2 is installed inside the housing 1. The moving contact base 3 is fixed on the first pot insulator 2, and the moving contact 4 is installed on the moving contact base 3. The rack 5 is fixed on the moving contact 4 and meshes with the gear 6. The gear 6 is connected to the drive system to drive the moving contact 4 to perform opening and closing movements. The piston 7 is installed on the moving contact base 3 and together with the moving contact 4 forms a compression chamber 101 for compressing gas to generate a high-speed air flow to blow out the arc during opening. The static contact 9 is fixed on the housing 1 through the second pot insulator 8. The static arc contact 10 is installed on the static contact 9 and adopts a copper-tungsten alloy petal structure, which cooperates with the nozzle of the moving contact 4 to achieve arc limitation. Furthermore, the outlet of the air flow channel inside the moving contact 4 adopts a variable diameter design, and the cross-sectional area of the air flow channel is smaller than that of the compression chamber 101 to accelerate the air flow velocity through the continuity equation.

[0018] Furthermore, the moving contact 4 and the rack 5 adopt an unequal length design. The length of the rack 5 meets the requirements of the opening and closing stroke, and the length of the moving contact 4 meets the requirements of current-carrying capacity.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer shape of the static arc contact 10 is designed as a large curvature structure, which cooperates with the shielding cover 11 to shield the break, and its surface adopts a copper-tungsten alloy material to enhance the arc erosion resistance.

[0020] Furthermore, the drive system includes a spline drive shaft 14. The spline drive shaft 14 meshes with the rack 5 through the gear 6 to drive the moving contact 4 to perform a linear motion.

[0021] Furthermore, the moving contact base 3 is provided with a rack 5 guide block and a moving contact 4 guide sleeve to ensure the smooth movement of the moving contact 4.

[0022] Furthermore, the static contact 9 and the shielding cover 11 are integrally designed, and the structure of the independent shielding cover 11 is omitted to reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0023] In this embodiment, the high-parameter disconnector includes an operating mechanism, a drive system, an arc contact system, and a compression system.

[0024] The drive system is that the output shaft of the mechanism drives the spline drive shaft 14 to rotate. The spline drive shaft 14 drives the gear 6 to rotate through the spline. The gear 6 meshes with the rack 5 to drive the rack 5 to perform a linear motion. The rack 5 is fixedly installed on the moving contact 4 and is driven by the rack 5 to perform reciprocating motion to achieve the opening and closing functions.

[0025] Arc contact system: Copper-tungsten alloy, an arc-resistant material, is sintered at the front end of the moving contact 4, so that the moving contact 4 has both the main contact current-carrying function and the arc-initiating function of the opening switch, and the main contact and arc contact functions are combined into the same component. The static arc contact 10 is installed on the static contact 9. The static arc contact 10 adopts a copper-tungsten alloy plum petal structure. When closing the switch, the static arc contact 10 is inserted into the nozzle in the center of the moving contact 4. During the opening process, the moving contact 4 is first separated from the static side main contact finger 15 of the static arc contact 10. At this time, the moving contact 4 and the static arc contact 10 conduct current, and then the moving contact 4 and the static arc contact 10 gradually separate to generate an arc, and the arc is limited to the copper-tungsten material part.

[0026] Compressed air system: Figure 1 As shown, the piston 7 is installed on the moving contact seat 3, and a compressed air chamber 101 is designed inside the moving contact 4. When the switch is opened, the moving contact 4 moves toward the piston 7, and the gas inside the compressed air chamber 101 is compressed, generating an air flow that is blown out from the air flow channel to cool the arc and extinguish the arc.

[0027] The operating mechanism of the present invention is a motor energy storage spring operating mechanism, and the characteristics of the mechanism are: electric closing, closing design speed 0.1-0.2m / s, the motor stores energy for the spring while closing; when opening, the spring releases energy, drives the moving contact 4 to achieve rapid opening, the closing design speed is 1.0-1.5m / s, and the opening time is controlled at 80-100ms. Rapid opening reduces the degree of contact ablation and is conducive to arc extinguishing. Slow closing is conducive to the return of air to the pressure cylinder, reduces the impact of the transmission system, and delays the mechanical life.

[0028] The conductor of the moving contact 4 and the rack 5 are designed with unequal lengths. The length of the rack 5 is designed to meet the travel requirements; the length of the contact is designed to meet the flow requirements; the guide block of the rack 5 and the guide sleeve of the moving contact 4 set on the moving contact seat 3 play a guiding role, so that the contact runs smoothly. This design improves the utilization rate of materials and reduces product costs.

[0029] The diameter of the airflow channel on the moving contact 4 is smaller than the diameter of the compressed air chamber 101. According to the continuity equation, when the cross-sectional area of the airflow channel becomes narrower, the airflow speed will increase. High-speed gas will be generated to blow toward the arc, which can quickly take away the arc heat. When the current passes through zero, the insulation strength can be quickly restored to play the role of arc extinguishing.

[0030] The static contact 9 has a large curvature structure, which cooperates with the shielding cover 11 to play the function of shielding the fracture. Compared with the traditional contact seat + shielding cover 11 structure, this design reduces the static side shielding cover 11, thereby reducing product costs.

[0031] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration purposes and not for limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should also understand that various modifications can be made to the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-parameter high-voltage disconnector, comprising a housing (1), a first pot insulator (2), a moving contact holder (3), a moving contact (4), a rack (5), a gear (6), a piston (7), a second pot insulator (8), a static contact (9) and a static arc contact (10), characterized in that: The first pot insulator (2) is installed inside the housing (1), the moving contact holder (3) is fixed on the first pot insulator (2), and the moving contact (4) is installed on the moving contact holder (3); The rack (5) is fixed on the moving contact (4) and meshes with the gear (6), and the gear (6) is connected to a drive system to drive the moving contact (4) to perform opening and closing movements; The piston (7) is installed on the moving contact holder (3) and together with the moving contact (4) forms a compressed air chamber (101) for compressing gas to generate a high-speed air flow to blow out the arc during opening; The static contact (9) is fixed to the housing (1) through the second pot insulator (8), the static arc contact (10) is installed on the static contact (9) and adopts a copper-tungsten alloy plum blossom petal structure, and cooperates with the nozzle of the moving contact (4) to achieve arc limitation.

2. The high-parameter high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the air flow channel inside the moving contact (4) adopts a variable diameter design, and the cross-sectional area of the air flow channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the compressed air chamber (101) to accelerate the air flow speed through the continuity equation.

3. The high-parameter high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving contact (4) and the rack (5) adopt an unequal length design, the length of the rack (5) meets the requirements of the opening and closing stroke, and the length of the moving contact (4) meets the requirements of current-carrying capacity.

4. The high-parameter high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shape of the static arc contact (10) is designed as a large curvature structure, which cooperates with the shielding cover (11) to shield the breaking gap, and its surface adopts a copper-tungsten alloy material to enhance the arc erosion resistance performance.

5. The high-parameter high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive system includes a spline drive shaft (14), and the spline drive shaft (14) meshes with the rack (5) through the gear (6) to drive the moving contact (4) to perform a linear motion.

6. The high-parameter high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, wherein: The moving contact holder (3) is provided with a rack guide block (12) and a moving contact guide sleeve (13) to ensure the smooth movement of the moving contact (4).

7. The high-parameter high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static contact (9) and the shielding cover (11) are integrally designed, and the independent shielding cover structure is omitted to reduce the manufacturing cost.

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