Anti-seismic electric switch cabinet

Abstract

The application relates to an anti-vibration type electric switch cabinet, belonging to the technical field of electric switch cabinets, which comprises a cabinet body and a base, the base comprises an upper fixing part and a lower fixing part, the upper fixing part is connected with the cabinet body, the lower fixing part is fixedly installed on the ground, a first contact surface is arranged on the upper fixing part, a second contact surface is arranged on the lower fixing part, a damping layer is arranged between the first contact surface and the second contact surface, and the damping layer is used for providing damping force when the first contact surface and the second contact surface are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction, and the side surfaces of the upper fixing part and the lower fixing part are both provided with matched clamping structures, which are used for forming rigid connection in the up-down direction when the upper fixing part and the lower fixing part are relatively displaced to the edges of the first contact surface and the second contact surface. The base is arranged in two parts, and the two parts are connected through the damping layer, so that horizontal transverse vibration is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical switchgear technology, and in particular to an earthquake-resistant electrical switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] As a core power distribution and control device in a power system, electrical switchgear undertakes critical functions such as power distribution, circuit protection, and equipment operation monitoring. Its stability directly affects power grid security and power continuity. The requirements for electrical switchgear vary under different operating conditions. For example, electrical switchgear used on ships is susceptible to hull vibrations caused by waves. Under these frequent vibration conditions, ordinary electrical switchgear is prone to short circuits, fires, or even system failures due to seismic design flaws, cabinet deformation, loose connections, or internal component displacement, resulting in significant economic losses and safety hazards.

[0003] Existing technologies also exist for improving the seismic performance of electrical switchgear. These typically use elastic supports as the base of the switchgear, absorbing vibration energy by utilizing the allowable deformation range of the elastic supports. The vibration reduction mainly relies on the deformation material itself, which places high demands on the materials and results in high losses. Especially in marine environments, not only are there minor vibrations, but when encountering large waves, the vibrations can evolve into swaying. The elastic supports must not only absorb vibrations but also support the entire cabinet to maintain stability. This makes it impossible to design a reasonable structure that can achieve both seismic resistance and anti-swaying effects, because vibration absorption requires flexibility, while holding the swaying cabinet to maintain stability requires rigidity. Therefore, existing electrical switchgear with seismic resistance still has certain shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a shock-resistant electrical switchgear. This device utilizes a damping and snap-fit ​​method to achieve the advantages of vibration reduction during high-frequency small vibrations and maintaining stability during low-frequency shaking.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention specifically relates to an earthquake-resistant electrical switchgear, comprising a cabinet and a base. The base includes an upper fixing member and a lower fixing member. The upper fixing member is connected to the cabinet, and the lower fixing member is fixedly installed on the ground. The upper fixing member has a first contact surface, and the lower fixing member has a second contact surface. A damping layer is provided between the first and second contact surfaces to provide damping force when the first and second contact surfaces undergo relative displacement in the horizontal direction. The sides of both the upper and lower fixing members are provided with mutually cooperating snap-fit ​​structures to form a rigid vertical connection between the upper and lower fixing members when the first and second contact surfaces are relatively displaced to the edge.

[0007] Preferably, the upper fixing member includes a top plate, the bottom of which is a first contact surface, and the lower fixing member includes a support member, the top of which is a second contact surface, and the size of the first contact surface is larger than the size of the second contact surface.

[0008] Preferably, both the first contact surface and the second contact surface are circular structures, and the damping layer is disposed on the surface of the first contact surface.

[0009] Preferably, the damping layer includes a first damping region and a second damping region, the second damping region provides a greater damping force than the first damping region, the first damping region and the second damping region are both distributed around the center of the first contact surface, and the second damping region is distributed on the side of the first damping region away from the center.

[0010] Preferably, both the first damping region and the second damping region are several annular stripes protruding from the first contact surface, and the stripe density of the second damping region is greater than that of the first damping region.

[0011] Preferably, the upper fixing member further includes a first surrounding plate arranged around the edge of the top plate, and the snap-fit ​​structure includes a first insert and an inner slot. The inner slot is arranged on the side wall of the support member, and the first insert is arranged on the first surrounding plate. When the first contact surface and the second contact surface are relatively displaced to the edge, the first insert is inserted into the inner slot.

[0012] Preferably, the lower fixing member further includes a second enclosure plate arranged around the edge of the support member, a second insert block is installed on the second enclosure plate, and an outer slot is provided on the side of the first enclosure plate away from the first insert block, so that when the first contact surface and the second contact surface are relatively displaced to the edge, the second insert block is inserted into the outer slot.

[0013] Preferably, the first enclosure panel and the top panel are detachably connected, and the second enclosure panel and the support member are detachably connected.

[0014] Preferably, anti-collision pads are provided inside both the inner slot and the outer slot.

[0015] Preferably, the upper fixing member is connected to the bottom of the cabinet by shock-absorbing bolts, and the lower fixing member is fixedly connected to the ground by expansion bolts.

[0016] This invention sets the base into two parts: an upper fixing member and a lower fixing member. There is space between the two fixing members that allows for a certain relative displacement. A damping layer is used to provide resistance when relative displacement occurs, achieving a soft connection between the two fixing members. This effectively reduces horizontal lateral vibration. Furthermore, the upper and lower fixing members can form a rigid connection when maximum relative displacement occurs through a snap-fit ​​structure on the side. This can hold the cabinet in place and prevent it from tipping over in scenarios with large swaying amplitude.

[0017] The present invention also provides two different damping forces by setting the damping layer to provide two different damping forces. During lateral vibration, the upper and lower fixing parts generate a small-amplitude, high-frequency relative displacement. The smaller damping force makes the displacement relatively smooth, so this repeated displacement can be used to reduce the vibration of the lower fixing part. When the vibration changes to oscillation, the upper and lower fixing parts generate a large-amplitude relative displacement. Before the displacement reaches the maximum distance each time, a larger damping force is provided, which can delay the timing when the relative displacement reaches the maximum. This can reduce the swaying amplitude of the cabinet itself and reduce the collision of the upper and lower fixing parts when they are engaged. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this disclosure and form part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are used to explain the disclosure, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the disclosure. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the earthquake-resistant electrical switchgear of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the base structure of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the contact portion of the first and second contact surfaces of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the damping layer distribution structure of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the upper and lower fixing members of the present invention forming a rigid connection is shown.

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second enclosure plates of the present invention is shown.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet body, 2. Base, 3. Upper fixing component, 4. Lower fixing component, 5. Shock-absorbing bolt, 6. Expansion bolt, 7. Top plate, 8. First enclosure, 9. Support component, 10. Second enclosure, 11. Outer slot, 12. First insert, 13. Inner slot, 14. Second insert, 15. Damping layer, 16. Anti-collision pad, 17. First contact surface, 18. Second contact surface, 19. First damping area, 20. Second damping area. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a shock-resistant electrical switch cabinet, including a cabinet body 1 and a base 2. The base 2 includes an upper fixing member 3 and a lower fixing member 4. The upper fixing member 3 is connected to the cabinet body 1, and the lower fixing member 4 is fixedly installed on the ground. The upper fixing member 3 is connected to the bottom of the cabinet body 1 by a shock-absorbing bolt 5, and the lower fixing member 4 is fixedly connected to the ground by an expansion bolt 6. The base 2 is divided into two parts. The lower part is the lower fixing member 4, which is used to rigidly fix it to the ground. The expansion bolt 6 is used to facilitate drilling holes in the ground and fixing the lower fixing member 4 to the ground after drilling holes. The upper fixing member 3 is used to connect the cabinet body 1. The shock-absorbing bolt 5 can also play a certain role in shock absorption. The shock-absorbing bolt 5 is a mechanical connector with integrated shock absorption function. Its structure usually includes a screw, a rubber column or a shock-absorbing pad, and a nut. Since the shock-absorbing bolt 5 is widely used in the field of shock absorption, and its structure belongs to the prior art, the specific principle will not be described here.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper fixing member 3 is provided with a first contact surface 17, and the lower fixing member 4 is provided with a second contact surface 18. A damping layer 15 is provided between the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 to provide damping force when the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 undergo relative displacement in the horizontal direction. The sides of both the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4 are provided with mutually cooperating snap-fit ​​structures to form a rigid vertical connection between the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4 when the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 are relatively displaced to the edge. Figure 1 As can be seen, the base 2 is divided into upper and lower parts. To enable the base to have a shock-absorbing effect, the upper fixing part 3 and the lower fixing part 4 are flexibly connected, and the damping layer 15 between the two contact surfaces is used to reduce lateral vibration. However, in order to not be limited to the shock-absorbing effect, such as Figure 2 The base 2 structure shown can also prevent the cabinet 1 from shaking. The following text uses the electrical switch cabinet on a ship as the application scenario. When small waves hit the ship, the ship will vibrate laterally due to the lateral impact. The lower fixing part 4 is fixed to the ship, so the vibration will be transmitted to the lower fixing part 4. The second contact surface 18 of the lower fixing part 4 can generate relative displacement with the first contact surface 17 of the upper fixing part 3. During the displacement, it is resisted by the damping layer 15, thereby reducing the vibration.

[0030] Ships don't only encounter vibrations. When the waves increase, the hull sways, causing significant displacement of the lower fixing member 4 and the upper fixing member 3. The first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 cannot achieve infinite relative displacement; there must be a maximum relative displacement. Therefore, as the vibration turns into swaying, the displacement of the lower fixing member 4 and the upper fixing member 3 also increases until the maximum relative displacement is reached. At this point, due to the snap-fit ​​structure, the lower fixing member 4 and the upper fixing member 3 are snapped together, becoming a rigid connection in the vertical direction. Even if the swaying amplitude increases, the cabinet 1 will sway with the hull. Because the upper and lower parts of the base 2 become rigid, the cabinet 1 will not separate from the base 2, thus preventing it from tipping over due to excessive force. This horizontal damping and shock absorption differs from the traditional vertical elastic shock absorption method. In the traditional structure, if the cabinet 1 sways, the swaying tension will be transmitted to the elastic support, causing fatigue of the elastic support. However, with the base 2 involved in this application, the tension will not directly act on the damping layer 15, thus not affecting the subsequent shock absorption effect and reducing wear. The reason for not having a reset structure between the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4 is that, in actual use, the direction of vibration and sway of the hull is random. Therefore, even if the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4 are slightly offset, the next vibration will cause the offset to move in the opposite direction from the offset point due to inertia or the vibration direction being opposite to the previous one. For example, in one vibration, the lower fixing member 4 and the upper fixing member 3 will move to the left. If they move to the right next time, the reverse movement will be completed. If they continue to move to the left, the lower fixing member 4 and the upper fixing member 3 will eventually reach the maximum displacement. If they continue to move to the left, the lower fixing member 4 and the upper fixing member 3 can be regarded as a whole. However, since the lower fixing member 4 and the upper fixing member 3 are only rigidly connected in the vertical direction at the maximum displacement, they are still separable in the horizontal direction. The lower fixing member 4 cannot move to the left, but the upper fixing member 3 will move to the right due to inertia, thereby realizing the separation of the two from the whole state, which is convenient for the next shock absorption.

[0031] like Figure 3As shown above, the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 cannot achieve infinite relative displacement, otherwise the cabinet 1 would swing too much. Therefore, the displacement needs to meet the requirements of shock absorption without being too large and affecting stability. The upper fixing member 3 includes the top plate 7, the bottom of which is the first contact surface 17. The lower fixing member 4 includes the support member 9, the top of which is the second contact surface 18. The size of the first contact surface 17 is larger than the size of the second contact surface 18. The part of the first contact surface 17 that is larger than the size of the second contact surface 18 is the range of motion of the second contact surface 18. By setting the relative size of the two, the space of relative displacement can be reasonably determined, thereby meeting the requirements of shock absorption and anti-shaking. Both the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 are circular structures. The damping layer 15 is disposed on the surface of the first contact surface 17. Because the size of the first contact surface 17 is relatively large, the damping layer 15 is disposed on the first contact surface 17 to ensure that the second contact surface 18 can be fully affected by the damping layer 15 no matter how it is displaced relative to the first contact surface 17. The first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 are made circular because it is impossible to predict which direction the ship will sway. The circular structure of the second contact surface 18 can contact the boundary of the first contact surface 17 in any direction. Contacting the boundary means that the lower fixing member 4 and the upper fixing member 3 have reached their maximum displacement.

[0032] Damping layer 15 is designed to provide diverse damping forces, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the damping layer 15 includes a first damping region 19 and a second damping region 20. The damping force provided by the second damping region 20 is greater than that of the first damping region 19. Both the first and second damping regions 19 are distributed around the center of the first contact surface 17, and the second damping region 19 is located on the side of the first damping region 19 away from the center. By using two damping regions, the damping layer 15 can provide two different magnitudes of damping force. Its core function is to adapt to the requirements of the working condition. The second damping region 20 is located on the outer side away from the center. The effect of this design is that high-frequency small-amplitude vibrations... When the ship moves, the second contact surface 18 is located in the first damping region 19. When relative displacement occurs, it experiences less resistance and can better utilize relative displacement to reduce vibration. If the resistance is greater, the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4 will become nearly rigid in the horizontal direction, which contradicts the concept of using displacement to reduce vibration. When the hull begins to sway, the second contact surface 18 will move from the first damping region 19 to the second damping region 20. During this movement, the damping at the boundary where the second contact surface 18 is about to reach the first contact surface 17 increases. This design has the following two advantages:

[0033] First, the increased resistance experienced by the second contact surface 18 can reduce the collision with the boundary of the first contact surface 17.

[0034] II. As is common knowledge, the swaying of a ship is a reciprocating motion. For example, after the ship sways to the left at a certain angle, it will begin to sway back to the right. The lower fixed component 4 is fixedly connected to the ground, so its swaying is consistent with that of the ship. However, due to the presence of damping force, the upper fixed component 3 is subjected to resistance, causing a certain delay in its movement with the lower fixed component 4. That is, the upper fixed component 3 and the lower fixed component 4 do not sway synchronously. If the ship sways to its maximum angle and begins to sway back, the upper fixed component 3, due to greater resistance, will not reach its maximum displacement before the lower fixed component 4 sways back again. In this way, the swaying amplitude of the upper fixed component 3 is smaller than that of the ship, which can effectively improve stability. Therefore, designing two different damping forces is also to reduce the swaying amplitude of the electrical switch cabinet while meeting the requirements for vibration reduction.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, both the first damping region 19 and the second damping region 20 are composed of several annular stripes protruding from the first contact surface 17. The stripe density of the second damping region 20 is greater than that of the first damping region 19. The damping force is actually the magnitude of the frictional force between the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18. Therefore, using raised stripes can effectively increase the frictional force between the two. There are many ways to achieve damping force, and this is only one example. The first damping region 19 and the second damping region 20 are not necessarily clearly defined; they can also be designed to be progressive, for example, the stripe density gradually increases from the center outwards. This makes the damping more linear and the stability better.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the upper fixing member 3 also includes a first surrounding plate 8 arranged around the edge of the top plate 7. The snap-fit ​​structure includes a first insert 12 and an inner slot 13. The inner slot 13 is arranged on the side wall of the support member 9, and the first insert 12 is arranged on the first surrounding plate 8. When the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 are relatively displaced to the edge, the first insert 12 is inserted into the inner slot 13. The snap-fit ​​structure uses a plug-in method to achieve a rigid vertical connection between the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4. As can be seen from the above, the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 can generate relative displacement laterally. Therefore, the horizontal plug-in method better achieves the vertical fixation of the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4. When the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 move in opposite directions, the rigid connection can also be better separated. No additional drive structure is required, and it can adaptively meet the requirements.

[0037] Since the first contact surface 17 can only reach the boundary of the second contact surface 18 by moving in one direction, inserting the first insert 12 into the inner slot 13 can only achieve fixation on one side. Fixation on only one side may not be secure enough. Figure 5As shown, the lower fixing member 4 also includes a second enclosure 10 arranged around the edge of the support member 9. A second insert 14 is installed on the second enclosure 10. An outer slot 11 is provided on the side of the first enclosure 8 away from the first insert 12. When the first contact surface 17 and the second contact surface 18 are relatively displaced to the edge, the second insert 14 is inserted into the outer slot 11. Not only is a plug-in structure between the first enclosure 8 and the support member 9 provided, but a plug-in structure between the second enclosure 10 and the first enclosure 8 is also provided. When the support member 9 moves to one side, the first insert 12 of the first enclosure 8 on the reached side can be inserted into the inner slot 13 to complete the fixation on that side. On the opposite side, due to the movement of the support member 9, the second insert 14 on the second enclosure 10 can be inserted into the outer slot 11 to complete the fixation on the other side. In this way, the fixation on both sides is stronger.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the first enclosure 8 and the top plate 7 are detachably connected, and the second enclosure 10 and the support member 9 are detachably connected. Since both the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4 have enclosures, and the support member 9 needs a certain amount of space to move on the top plate 7, there needs to be a gap between the enclosures. The inserts installed on the enclosures make the enclosures not a regular shape structure. Therefore, when installing the upper fixing member 3 and the lower fixing member 4, the first enclosure 8 and the second enclosure 10 are removed first. After the outer wall is installed, the first enclosure 8 is installed first, and then the outer second enclosure 10 is installed. This facilitates the overall assembly. The installation can be done by bolts or welding.

[0039] Both the inner slot 13 and the outer slot 11 are equipped with anti-collision pads 16 to prevent damage to the insert.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A shock-resistant electrical switchgear, comprising a cabinet (1) and a base (2), characterized in that, The base (2) includes an upper fixing member (3) and a lower fixing member (4). The upper fixing member (3) is connected to the cabinet (1), and the lower fixing member (4) is fixedly installed on the ground. The upper fixing member (3) is provided with a first contact surface (17), and the lower fixing member (4) is provided with a second contact surface (18). A damping layer (15) is provided between the first contact surface (17) and the second contact surface (18) to provide damping force when the first contact surface (17) and the second contact surface (18) are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction. The sides of the upper fixing member (3) and the lower fixing member (4) are provided with mutually cooperating snap-fit ​​structures to form a rigid connection in the vertical direction when the first contact surface (17) and the second contact surface (18) are relatively displaced to the edge. The upper fixing member (3) includes a top plate (7), the bottom of the top plate (7) is a first contact surface (17), and the lower fixing member (4) includes a support member (9), the top of the support member (9) is a second contact surface (18), and the size of the first contact surface (17) is larger than the size of the second contact surface (18). The first contact surface (17) and the second contact surface (18) are both circular structures, and the damping layer (15) is disposed on the surface of the first contact surface (17); The damping layer (15) includes a first damping region (19) and a second damping region (20). The damping force provided by the second damping region (20) is greater than that of the first damping region (19). The first damping region (19) and the second damping region (20) are both distributed around the center of the first contact surface (17), and the second damping region (20) is distributed on the side of the first damping region (19) away from the center. The first damping region (19) and the second damping region (20) are both annular stripes protruding from the first contact surface (17), and the stripe density of the second damping region (20) is greater than that of the first damping region (19).

2. The earthquake-resistant electrical switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper fixing member (3) also includes a first surrounding plate (8) arranged around the edge of the top plate (7). The snap-fit ​​structure includes a first insert (12) and an inner slot (13). The inner slot (13) is arranged on the side wall of the support member (9). The first insert (12) is arranged on the first surrounding plate (8). When the first contact surface (17) and the second contact surface (18) are relatively displaced to the edge, the first insert (12) is inserted into the inner slot (13).

3. The earthquake-resistant electrical switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower fixing member (4) also includes a second enclosure (10) arranged around the edge of the support member (9). A second insert (14) is installed on the second enclosure (10). An outer slot (11) is provided on the side of the first enclosure (8) away from the first insert (12). When the first contact surface (17) and the second contact surface (18) are relatively displaced to the edge, the second insert (14) is inserted into the outer slot (11).

4. The earthquake-resistant electrical switchgear according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first enclosure (8) and the top plate (7) are detachably connected, and the second enclosure (10) and the support member (9) are detachably connected.

5. The earthquake-resistant electrical switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that, Anti-collision pads (16) are provided inside both the inner slot (13) and the outer slot (11).

6. The earthquake-resistant electrical switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper fixing member (3) is connected to the bottom of the cabinet (1) by shock-absorbing bolts (5), and the lower fixing member (4) is fixedly connected to the ground by expansion bolts (6).

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