Emergency power supply circuit and energy storage power supply of controller

Abstract

The present application relates to an emergency power supply circuit and energy storage power supply for a controller. The emergency power supply circuit includes: a voltage monitoring module, an enabling module, and a time-limited reset module; the voltage monitoring module is used to output a first level signal to the enabling module when the power supply voltage of the controller is less than or equal to a preset voltage; the enabling module is used to output a voltage signal to the time-limited reset module based on the first level signal and the battery voltage of the battery module; the time-limited reset module is used to supply power to the controller for a limited time based on the voltage signal. By adopting this method, the emergency power supply circuit can continue to supply power to the controller for a limited time when the auxiliary power supply system loses power, thereby avoiding control abnormalities caused by sudden power failure of the controller and improving the control reliability of the controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power supply control technology, and in particular to an emergency power supply circuit and energy storage power supply of a controller. Background Art

[0002] The auxiliary power system in an energy storage power supply is a key design point. The operating stability of the auxiliary power system determines the stability of the energy storage power supply. The auxiliary power system needs to ensure that the controller in the energy storage power supply is powered normally when the energy storage power supply is in normal operating conditions.

[0003] However, in the case of abnormal power failure of the auxiliary power system, the auxiliary power system cannot continue to supply power to the controller, resulting in abnormal control of the controller.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an emergency power supply solution for the controller after the auxiliary power system loses power. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the present application provides an emergency power supply circuit and energy storage power supply for a controller, which can prevent sudden power failure of the controller causing control abnormalities by allowing the emergency power supply circuit to continue to supply power to the controller for a limited time when the auxiliary power supply system loses power, thereby improving the control reliability of the controller.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an emergency power supply circuit for a controller, the emergency power supply circuit comprising: a voltage monitoring module, an enabling module, and a time-limited reset module; the monitoring end of the voltage monitoring module is connected to the power supply end of the controller, the output end of the voltage monitoring module is connected to the control end of the enabling module, the output end of the enabling module is connected to the input end of the time-limited reset module, the input end of the enabling module is connected to a battery module, and the output end of the time-limited reset module is connected to the power supply end of the controller;

[0007] A voltage monitoring module, configured to output a first level signal to the enabling module when the power supply voltage of the controller is less than or equal to a preset voltage;

[0008] an enabling module, configured to output a voltage signal to the time-limited reset module according to the first level signal and the battery voltage of the battery module;

[0009] The time-limited reset module is used to supply power to the controller within a limited time according to the voltage signal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the voltage monitoring module includes a power monitoring unit and a signal conversion unit; the monitoring terminal of the power monitoring unit is connected to the power supply terminal of the controller, the output terminal of the power monitoring unit is connected to the power failure detection terminal of the controller, and the output terminal of the power monitoring unit is also connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion unit; the output terminal of the signal conversion unit is connected to the control terminal of the enabling module;

[0011] The power supply monitoring unit is configured to output a second level signal to the signal conversion unit when detecting that the power supply voltage of the controller is less than or equal to a preset voltage;

[0012] The signal conversion unit is configured to output the first level signal to the enabling module according to the second level signal.

[0013] In some embodiments, the signal conversion unit includes: a first current limiting resistor, a pull-down resistor, and a transistor;

[0014] The first current limiting resistor is connected between the output end of the power monitoring unit and the base of the transistor; the pull-down resistor is connected between the output end of the power monitoring unit and the ground end; the collector and emitter of the transistor are respectively connected to the control end and the ground end of the enable module.

[0015] In some embodiments, the enabling module includes an on-off control module, a voltage stabilization module, and a voltage conversion module;

[0016] The control end of the on-off control module is connected to the output end of the voltage monitoring module, the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the on-off control module are respectively connected to the battery module and the control end of the voltage conversion module, and the second conductive end of the on-off control module is also connected to the voltage stabilizing module; the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the voltage conversion module are respectively connected to the battery module and the input end of the time-limited reset module;

[0017] an on-off control module, configured to be turned on according to the first level signal, so as to enable the voltage stabilization module to output a target voltage to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module;

[0018] The voltage conversion module is used to output a voltage signal to the time-limited reset module according to the target voltage.

[0019] In some embodiments, the on-off control module includes a second current limiting resistor, a third current limiting resistor, and a control switch;

[0020] The second current limiting resistor is connected between the battery module and the control end of the control switch; the third current limiting resistor is connected between the battery module and the first conductive end of the control switch, and the second conductive end of the control switch is connected to the control end of the voltage conversion module.

[0021] In some embodiments, the time-limited reset module includes: a power supply control module, a time adjustment module, and a reset auxiliary module;

[0022] The control end of the power supply control module is connected to the time adjustment module, and the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the power supply control module are respectively connected to the output end of the enabling module and the power supply end of the controller; the reset auxiliary module is connected between the first conductive end of the power supply control module and the time adjustment module;

[0023] The power supply control module is used to conduct according to the voltage signal, charge the time adjustment module, and supply power to the controller, and is in a cut-off state when the voltage of the time adjustment module reaches a specified voltage, thereby stopping supplying power to the controller;

[0024] The time adjustment module is used to release the electric energy in the time adjustment module by resetting the auxiliary module at intervals of a preset time length when the power supply control module is in the cut-off state.

[0025] In some embodiments, the time-limited reset module further includes a first power storage element and a power consumption element;

[0026] Two ends of the first electric energy storage element are respectively connected to the first conducting end and the grounding end of the power supply control module, and two ends of the electric energy consumption element are respectively connected to the first conducting end and the grounding end of the power supply control module;

[0027] a first electric energy storage element, configured to charge when the first conducting end of the power supply control module is a voltage signal, and release electric energy through the electric energy consumption element when the power supply control module is disconnected;

[0028] Among them, at the starting moment when the enabling module stops outputting the voltage signal, the voltage difference between the two ends of the first energy storage element is greater than the voltage difference between the first end of the reset auxiliary module and the ground end of the time adjustment module; the first end of the reset auxiliary module is connected to the first conduction end of the power supply control module.

[0029] In some embodiments, the time adjustment module includes a time adjustment resistor and a second energy storage element;

[0030] The time adjustment resistor is connected between the control terminal of the power supply control module and the second electric energy storage element. The second electric energy storage element is also connected to the reset auxiliary module.

[0031] In some embodiments, the reset auxiliary module includes a diode and a voltage regulator;

[0032] The cathode of the diode is connected to the first conduction terminal of the power supply control module, the anode of the diode is connected to the anode of the voltage regulator tube, and the cathode of the voltage regulator tube is connected to the second electric energy storage element;

[0033] Among them, at the starting moment when the enable module stops outputting the voltage signal, the voltage difference across the first energy storage element is greater than the preset voltage difference. The preset voltage difference is the voltage difference across the second energy storage element minus the target voltage of the Zener diode and then minus the voltage drop of the diode.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy storage power supply, which includes the emergency power supply circuit of any one of the first aspects, a controller, an auxiliary power supply system, and a battery module; the auxiliary power supply system is connected to the power supply end of the controller for providing a power supply voltage to the controller;

[0035] The output end of the emergency power supply circuit is connected to the power supply end of the controller, and the input end of the emergency power supply circuit is connected to the battery module. The emergency power supply circuit is used to supply power to the controller for a limited time according to the battery voltage provided by the battery module when the power supply voltage is less than or equal to the preset voltage.

[0036] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the auxiliary power supply system loses power (i.e., the connection between the auxiliary power supply system and the control circuit fails), the supply voltage of the controller will gradually decrease from the normal value. When the supply voltage of the controller starts to drop to the preset voltage but has not yet reached 0, the voltage monitoring module outputs a first level signal, the enable module outputs a voltage signal according to the first level signal, and the time-limited reset module supplies power to the controller for a limited time according to the voltage signal. In this way, although the auxiliary power supply system has lost power, the controller is supplied with power for a limited time through the time-limited reset module, and the controller can still perform related operations after the power failure, thereby avoiding control abnormalities caused by sudden power failure of the controller and improving the control reliability of the controller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an emergency power supply circuit of a controller provided in the first embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an emergency power supply circuit of a controller provided in a second embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an emergency power supply circuit of a controller provided in a third embodiment;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an emergency power supply circuit of a controller provided in a fourth embodiment;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an emergency power supply circuit of a controller provided in a fifth embodiment;

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage power supply provided in some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "each" means each or each of a plurality, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0047] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to internal communication between two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0049] In order to solve the problem that the auxiliary power supply system loses power abnormally and the auxiliary power supply system cannot continue to supply power to the controller, resulting in abnormal controller control, some solutions have proposed a dual power supply module using two different power conversion circuits to supply power to the controller, so that when one power supply module loses power abnormally, the other power supply module can still supply power to the controller.

[0050] However, in the above-mentioned solution, one of the dual power supply modules is an auxiliary power supply system, and the other newly added power supply module is generally a button battery, a lithium battery or a supercapacitor. The added button battery, lithium battery or supercapacitor are all energy storage devices that need to be added additionally, which will lead to an increase in material costs; the two power conversion circuits used to connect the two power supply modules and the controller respectively need to work continuously, resulting in an increase in the power consumption of the circuit; and it is impossible to provide an effective power abnormality signal to the controller. When the auxiliary power supply system loses power, the controller cannot accurately know the moment when the auxiliary power supply system loses power, which makes it difficult to effectively execute related operations after the power failure. For example, the related operations include completing the current operation instruction (such as the currently uncompleted operation instruction), detecting the system fault type and sending the fault signal to the controller of the next node, performing at least one of the operations such as storage of key information, and then performing the shutdown operation.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the emergency power supply circuit of the controller provided in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the emergency power supply circuit includes: a voltage monitoring module, an enabling module and a time-limited reset module; the monitoring end of the voltage monitoring module is connected to the power supply end of the controller, the output end of the voltage monitoring module is connected to the control end of the enabling module, the output end of the enabling module is connected to the input end of the time-limited reset module, the input end of the enabling module is connected to the battery module, and the output end of the time-limited reset module is connected to the power supply end of the controller.

[0052] The voltage monitoring module is used to output a first level signal to the enabling module when the power supply voltage of the controller is less than or equal to the preset voltage; the enabling module is used to output a voltage signal to the time-limited reset module based on the first level signal and the battery voltage of the battery module; the time-limited reset module is used to supply power to the controller for a limited time based on the voltage signal.

[0053] A controller may be included in the energy storage power supply, and the controller may be used to process tasks generated by the energy storage power supply. In some embodiments, the controller may include an integration of one or at least two of the following: a microcontroller unit (MCU), a general-purpose processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), an embedded neural network processing unit (NPU), a microprocessor, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, data processing logic based on quantum computing, an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, etc.

[0054] In some embodiments, the power supply end of the controller is also connected to an auxiliary power supply system. The auxiliary power supply system can be a power supply system that can provide a voltage output. In some embodiments, the auxiliary power supply system can include a main auxiliary power supply system, the input end of the main auxiliary power supply system is connected to the battery module, the output end of the main auxiliary power supply system is connected to the power supply end of the controller, and the main auxiliary power supply system can provide a stable voltage to the controller based on the battery voltage provided by the battery module. In some embodiments, the auxiliary power supply system can include a low-power auxiliary power supply system, the input end of the low-power auxiliary power supply system is connected to the battery module, the output end of the low-power auxiliary power supply system is connected to the power supply end of the controller, and the low-power auxiliary power supply system can provide low-power supply to the controller based on the battery voltage provided by the battery module. The voltage provided by the main auxiliary power supply system to the controller is greater than the voltage provided by the low-power auxiliary power supply system to the controller.

[0055] The battery module may be an existing power supply module in the energy storage power supply. For example, the battery module may be an energy storage battery in the energy storage power supply.

[0056] The voltage monitoring module may include a voltage monitoring chip.

[0057] The preset voltage may be a voltage greater than 0. For example, the preset voltage may be greater than 0 and less than the rated supply voltage (e.g., the operating voltage for normal operation of the controller). For example, the preset voltage may be an average of 0 and the rated supply voltage, or the preset voltage may be the difference between the rated supply voltage and a voltage offset value. The voltage monitoring module is further configured to output a second level signal to the enabling module, or not output a level signal, when the supply voltage of the controller is greater than the preset voltage.

[0058] If the controller's supply voltage is less than or equal to the preset voltage, it indicates that the supply voltage of the power supply module is abnormal. If the controller's supply voltage is greater than the preset voltage, it indicates that the supply voltage of the power supply module is normal.

[0059] The battery module's cell voltage may differ from the normal value of the controller's supply voltage (also known as the rated supply voltage). The voltage signal output by the enabling module may be a fixed-value voltage signal that does not change with changes in the battery module's cell voltage. In some embodiments, the voltage output by the enabling module may be the rated supply voltage or the rated supply voltage plus the voltage drop generated by the time-limit reset module.

[0060] The time-limited reset module can enter a conductive state based on a voltage signal. In this conductive state, the module can supply power to the controller for a limited time (i.e., for a limited duration). For example, the voltage supplied by the module to the controller can be the rated supply voltage or a voltage lower than the rated supply voltage. A voltage lower than the rated supply voltage enables the controller to perform relevant operations after a power outage. After the limited power supply period ends, the module enters a non-conductive state, achieving a reset after the limited power supply period. The module can supply power for a limited duration and then reset after the limited duration. The limited duration can be determined based on the module's properties. The module transitions from a first state to a second state based on the voltage signal. In the first state, the module is non-conductive. In the second state, the module is conductive. If the module remains in the second state for a limited duration, the module resets to the first state.

[0061] The time-limited reset module is used to provide time-limited power to the controller, so that the controller can perform related operations after power failure within the limited market, minimizing the impact on the power supply of the battery module. It can also solve the situation where the auxiliary power system is about to lose power and there is no other power supply, causing the controller to be unable to perform related operations after power failure.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first level signal is a low level signal. In other embodiments, the first level signal may be a high level signal.

[0063] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the auxiliary power supply system loses power (i.e., the connection between the auxiliary power supply system and the control circuit fails), the supply voltage of the controller will gradually decrease from the normal value. When the supply voltage of the controller starts to drop to the preset voltage but has not yet reached 0, the voltage monitoring module outputs a first level signal, the enable module outputs a voltage signal according to the first level signal, and the time-limited reset module supplies power to the controller for a limited time according to the voltage signal. In this way, although the auxiliary power supply system has lost power, the controller is supplied with power for a limited time through the time-limited reset module, and the controller can still perform related operations after the power failure, thereby avoiding control abnormalities caused by sudden power failure of the controller and improving the control reliability of the controller.

[0064] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the emergency power supply circuit of the controller provided in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 Example compared to Figure 1 The difference between the embodiments is that the voltage monitoring module includes a power monitoring unit and a signal conversion unit; the monitoring end of the power monitoring unit is connected to the power supply end of the controller, the output end of the power monitoring unit is connected to the power failure detection end of the controller, and the output end of the power monitoring unit is also connected to the input end of the signal conversion unit; the output end of the signal conversion unit is connected to the control end of the enable module;

[0065] The power supply monitoring unit is used to output a second level signal to the signal conversion unit when it monitors that the power supply voltage of the controller is less than or equal to the preset voltage; the signal conversion unit is used to output a first level signal to the enabling module according to the second level signal.

[0066] The power monitoring unit may be a power monitor. When the controller's power supply voltage is less than or equal to a preset voltage, the power monitoring unit is configured to output a second-level signal to the signal conversion unit and the controller. The controller may determine, based on the second-level signal, that the auxiliary power system has lost power and begin executing related post-power-loss operations. The power monitoring unit may also be connected to a ground terminal.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first level signal is a low level signal, and the second level signal is a high level signal. In other embodiments, the first level signal is a high level signal, and the second level signal is a low level signal.

[0068] The power monitoring unit is further configured to output a second level signal to a power failure detection terminal of the controller.

[0069] In some embodiments, the power monitoring unit is further connected to ground. In some embodiments, the controller is further connected to a ground terminal.

[0070] The signal conversion unit may include a transistor or a field effect transistor. For example, the signal conversion unit may include an N-type transistor.

[0071] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a power supply monitoring unit is set up. When the power supply voltage of the controller is greater than the preset voltage, the power supply monitoring unit does not output a level signal (or outputs a first level signal), thereby reducing the power consumption of the power supply monitoring unit. When the power supply voltage of the controller is less than or equal to the preset voltage, the power supply monitoring unit outputs a second level signal, thereby causing the signal conversion unit to output a first level signal through the second level signal, thereby realizing emergency power supply of the controller and improving the effectiveness of control.

[0072] Please continue reading Figure 2 The signal conversion unit includes: a first current limiting resistor R1, a pull-down resistor R2 and a transistor Q1; the first current limiting resistor R1 is connected between the output end of the power monitoring unit and the base of the transistor Q1; the pull-down resistor R2 is connected between the output end of the power monitoring unit and the ground end; the collector and emitter of the transistor Q1 are respectively connected to the output end and the ground end of the enable module.

[0073] The transistor Q1 in the signal conversion unit may be an N-type transistor.

[0074] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the level signal output by the signal conversion unit is a low-level signal or no level signal is output, the pull-down resistor R2 can reliably ensure that the level of one end of the power monitoring unit used to connect to the signal conversion unit is low, thereby achieving a filtering effect. By setting a first current limiting resistor R1 at the base of the transistor Q1, it is possible to prevent the base current from being too large and causing the transistor Q1 to burn out.

[0075] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the emergency power supply circuit of the controller provided in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 Example compared to Figure 1 The difference between the embodiments is that the enabling module includes an on-off control module, a voltage stabilizing module and a voltage conversion module.

[0076] The control end of the on-off control module is connected to the output end of the voltage monitoring module, the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the on-off control module are respectively connected to the control ends of the battery module and the voltage conversion module, and the second conductive end of the on-off control module is also connected to the voltage stabilizing module; the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the voltage conversion module are respectively connected to the input end of the battery module and the time-limited reset module.

[0077] The on-off control module is configured to be turned on according to the first level signal so as to enable the voltage stabilization module to output the target voltage to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module. The voltage conversion module is configured to output a voltage signal to the time limit reset module according to the target voltage.

[0078] In some embodiments, a first terminal of the voltage stabilizing module is connected to the second conducting terminal of the controller, and a second terminal of the voltage stabilizing module is connected to the ground terminal.

[0079] In some embodiments, the on-off control module is used to turn on the first conduction end and the second conduction end of the on-off control module according to the first level signal, so that the voltage stabilizing module breaks down, and the voltage of the first end of the voltage stabilizing module is clamped at the target voltage; the voltage conversion module is used to output a voltage signal to the time-limited reset module according to the target voltage.

[0080] In some embodiments, the controller is further connected to ground.

[0081] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the enabling module includes an on-off control module, a voltage stabilizing module and a voltage conversion module. The on-off control module turns on the battery module and the voltage stabilizing module when obtaining a first level signal, so that the voltage stabilizing module is broken down, and the voltage of the first end of the voltage stabilizing module is clamped at the target voltage, so that the voltage conversion module outputs a fixed voltage signal to the time-limited reset module according to the fixed target voltage, so that the size of the voltage signal output by the enabling module to the time-limited reset module is determined according to the properties of the set voltage stabilizing module and the properties of the voltage conversion module, and is independent of the voltage size of the battery module, thereby avoiding the voltage fluctuation of the battery module from affecting the voltage signal output by the enabling module and improving the stability of the voltage signal output.

[0082] Please continue reading Figure 3 The on-off control module includes a second current-limiting resistor R3, a third current-limiting resistor R4, and a control switch Q2. Exemplarily, the control switch can be a P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOS) or an NMOS. The second current-limiting resistor R3 is connected between the battery module and the control terminal of the control switch (e.g., the gate of the PMOS). The third current-limiting resistor R4 is connected between the battery module and the first conduction terminal of the control switch Q2 (e.g., the source of the PMOS). The second conduction terminal of the control switch Q2 (e.g., the drain of the PMOS) is connected to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module.

[0083] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, by providing the second current-limiting resistor R3, it is possible to prevent the current input to the control end of the control switch Q2 from being too large, which may cause the control switch Q2 to be easily damaged. By providing the third current-limiting resistor R4, the battery module provides current to the control end of the voltage conversion module (for example, provides current to the base of the N-type transistor Q3) through the third current-limiting resistor R4, which can prevent the current provided to the base of the N-type transistor Q3 from being too large, which may cause the N-type transistor Q3 to be easily damaged, and can limit the current provided to the voltage stabilization module (for example, the voltage regulator diode ZD).

[0084] Please continue reading Figure 3 The voltage conversion module includes an N-type transistor Q3 and a fourth current-limiting resistor R5. A first end of the fourth current-limiting resistor R5 is connected to the battery module, a second end of the fourth current-limiting resistor R5 is connected to the collector of the N-type transistor Q3, a base of the N-type transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of the voltage regulator module, and an emitter of the N-type transistor Q3 is connected to the input end of the time-limited reset module.

[0085] Please continue reading Figure 3 The voltage stabilization module may include a voltage stabilization device ZD1 (the voltage stabilization device may include a voltage stabilization diode) and a base pull-down resistor R6 for the N-type transistor Q3. A first end of the voltage stabilization device ZD1 is connected to the base of the N-type transistor Q3, a second end of the voltage stabilization device ZD1 is connected to the ground, a first end of the base pull-down resistor R6 for the N-type transistor Q3 is connected to the base of the N-type transistor Q3, and a second end of the base pull-down resistor R6 for the N-type transistor Q3 is connected to the ground.

[0086] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the emergency power supply circuit of the controller provided in the fourth embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 Example compared to Figure 1 The difference between the embodiments is that the time-limited reset module includes: a power supply control module, a time adjustment module and a reset auxiliary module.

[0087] The control end of the power supply control module is connected to the time adjustment module, and the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the power supply control module are respectively connected to the output end of the enable module and the power supply end of the controller; the reset auxiliary module is connected between the first conductive end of the power supply control module and the time adjustment module.

[0088] In some embodiments, a first terminal of the time adjustment module is connected to a control terminal of the power supply control module, a second terminal of the time adjustment module is connected to a ground terminal, and a third terminal of the time adjustment module is connected to the reset auxiliary module.

[0089] In some embodiments, a first terminal of the reset auxiliary module is connected to a first conduction terminal of the power supply control module, and a second terminal of the reset auxiliary module is connected to a third terminal of the time adjustment module.

[0090] The power supply control module is used to conduct according to the voltage signal, charge the time adjustment module, and supply power to the controller. When the voltage of the time adjustment module (first end) reaches the specified voltage, the power supply control module is in the cut-off state and the power supply control module stops supplying power to the controller; the time adjustment module is used to release the electric energy in the time adjustment module by resetting the auxiliary module after a preset time interval when the power supply control module is in the cut-off state.

[0091] The power supply control module may include a transistor. For example, the power supply control module may be a P-type transistor. In some embodiments, the controller is further connected to a ground terminal.

[0092] In other embodiments, the time-limited reset module may include a power supply control module and a time adjustment module, the control end of the power supply control module is connected to the first end of the time adjustment module, the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the power supply control module are respectively connected to the output end of the enable module and the power supply end of the controller; the second end of the time adjustment module is connected to the ground end; the power supply control module is used to conduct according to the voltage signal, charge the time adjustment module, and supply power to the controller, and when the voltage of the time adjustment module (first end) reaches the specified voltage, the power supply control module is in the cut-off state, and the power supply control module stops supplying power to the controller.

[0093] In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, the time-limited reset module includes a power supply control module, a time adjustment module and a reset auxiliary module. Through the mutual cooperation of the power supply control module, the time adjustment module and the reset auxiliary module, the time-limited reset module provides time-limited power to the controller, thereby improving the reliability of the time-limited power supply; and the power supply control module, the time adjustment module and the reset auxiliary module are all passive devices and do not require additional power supply, which not only simplifies the design but also improves the stability and environmental adaptability of the system; in addition, the time adjustment module starts to release the electric energy in the time adjustment module through the reset auxiliary module at intervals of preset time, so that within the preset time, even if the auxiliary power supply system loses power again, the power supply control module still cannot be turned on, avoiding the situation where the battery module needs to be continuously powered after the auxiliary power supply system loses power, which not only makes it impossible for the controller to smoothly perform related operations after power failure, but also has a long-term impact on the battery module, so that the embodiment of the present application can improve the reliability of power failure control of the auxiliary power supply system.

[0094] Please continue reading Figure 4 In some embodiments, the time-limited reset module further includes a first power storage element (eg, capacitor C1) and a power consumption element (eg, discharge resistor R7).

[0095] Two ends of the first electric energy storage element are respectively connected to the first conducting end and the grounding end of the power supply control module, and two ends of the electric energy consumption element are respectively connected to the first conducting end and the grounding end of the power supply control module;

[0096] The first electrical energy storage element is used to charge when the first conductive end of the power supply control module is a voltage signal, and release electrical energy through the energy consumption element when the power supply control module is disconnected; the moment when the time adjustment module starts to release electrical energy is the moment when the voltage difference between the two ends of the first electrical energy storage element is less than the voltage difference between the first end of the reset auxiliary module and the ground end of the time adjustment module.

[0097] Among them, at the starting moment when the enabling module stops outputting the voltage signal, the voltage difference between the two ends of the first energy storage element is greater than the voltage difference between the first end of the reset auxiliary module and the ground end of the time adjustment module; the first end of the reset auxiliary module is connected to the first conduction end of the power supply control module.

[0098] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting a first electric energy storage element and an electric energy consumption element, the first electric energy storage element can start to release the electric energy of the first electric energy storage element when the output end of the enabling module stops outputting voltage, until the voltage across the first electric energy storage element is less than the voltage difference between the first end of the reset auxiliary module and the ground end of the time adjustment module, and the time adjustment module starts to release the electric energy in the time adjustment module through the reset auxiliary module. Therefore, through the cooperation of the first electric energy storage element and the electric energy consumption element, the time when the time adjustment module starts to release the electric energy in the time adjustment module through the reset auxiliary module can be limited, thereby avoiding the situation where the battery module needs to continuously supply power after the auxiliary power supply system loses power.

[0099] Please continue reading Figure 4 In some embodiments, the time adjustment module includes a time adjustment resistor R8 and a second energy storage element (e.g., capacitor C2); the time adjustment resistor R8 is connected between the control end of the power supply control module and the first end of the second energy storage element, the first end of the second energy storage element is also connected to the second end of the reset auxiliary module, and the second end of the second energy storage element is connected to the ground end.

[0100] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting a time adjustment resistor R8 and a second energy storage element, the properties of the time adjustment resistor R8 and the second energy storage element can limit the power supply duration, thereby improving the reliability of the time-limited power supply.

[0101] Please continue reading Figure 4In some embodiments, the reset auxiliary module includes a diode D1 and a voltage stabilizer ZD2. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the first conduction terminal of the power supply control module, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the voltage stabilizer ZD2, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizer ZD2 is connected to the first terminal of the second energy storage element.

[0102] Among them, at the starting moment when the enable module stops outputting the voltage signal, the voltage difference across the first energy storage element is greater than the preset voltage difference. The preset voltage difference is the voltage difference across the second energy storage element minus the target voltage of the Zener diode and then minus the voltage drop of the diode.

[0103] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the reset auxiliary module includes a diode D1 and a voltage stabilizer ZD2. When the enable module outputs a voltage signal, the generated current will not be output to the second energy storage element through the reset auxiliary module, but will flow to the second energy storage element through the power supply control module. The current flowing from the power supply control module to the second energy storage element is very small, thereby realizing slow charging of the second energy storage element, so that the power supply control module can be turned on during the charging process of the second energy storage element (the corresponding time is a limited time), thereby improving the effectiveness of emergency power supply to the controller; and by setting this connection method of the voltage stabilizer ZD2 and the diode D1, the voltage stabilizer ZD2 can reversely break down, so that the electric energy of the second energy storage element can be released through the voltage stabilizer ZD2, the diode D1 and the energy consumption element, so that the time-limited reset module can be reset.

[0104] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the emergency power supply circuit of the controller provided in the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the emergency power supply circuit includes a voltage monitoring module, an enabling module and a time-limited reset module.

[0105] In some embodiments, the emergency power supply circuit further includes an energy storage capacitor C0, a first end of which is connected to the auxiliary power supply system, a first end of which is also connected to the power supply terminal of the controller, and a second end of which is connected to the ground terminal. By providing the energy storage capacitor C0, the auxiliary power supply system can charge the energy storage capacitor C0 when power is not lost. In the event of a power loss in the energy storage power supply system, the energy storage capacitor C0 can supply power to the controller, so that the controller's power supply can be maintained until the time-limited reset module of the emergency power supply circuit provides the controller with a time-limited power supply.

[0106] The voltage monitoring module includes a power monitoring unit (e.g., a power monitoring device), a first current-limiting resistor R1, a pull-down resistor R2, and an N-type transistor Q1. The power monitoring unit is connected to the VCC_MCU power supply (i.e., the controller's power supply) and monitors the VCC_MCU voltage in real time. When the VCC_MCU power supply voltage falls below the normal value (i.e., the preset voltage), it outputs a POW_OF signal (a high level, i.e., the second level signal) indicating an abnormal VCC_MCU voltage. N-type transistor Q1 then conducts, pulling the POW_EN signal to ground, enabling the enable module and providing emergency power to the VCC_MCU power supply. The first current-limiting resistor R1 serves as the primary current-limiting resistor for N-type transistor Q1. The pull-down resistor R2 reliably maintains the POW_OF signal at a low level when the POW_OF signal is low, providing filtering.

[0107] The POW_OF signal is also connected to the input / output (I / O) detection port of the controller (e.g., the main control MCU) (i.e., the controller's power-off detection terminal). When the power monitoring unit detects an abnormal fault, it outputs a high level. Once the controller determines that the POW_OF signal is high, it executes the abnormal power-off protection related operations. Specifically, when the VCC_MCU power supply experiences an abnormal power-off, the controller can quickly detect the abnormal state. For example, by selecting an appropriate voltage monitoring value for the power monitoring unit, the controller can operate stably while the emergency power supply circuit resumes power after a power outage.

[0108] A battery module (such as a battery pack) is a lithium battery group in an energy storage system that performs electrical energy storage and discharge functions. It is an important component of the energy storage system. The total output voltage of the battery module is VBAT.

[0109] The enabling module includes a second current limiting resistor R3, a third current limiting resistor R4, a fourth current limiting resistor R5, a pull-down resistor R6, an N-type transistor Q3, a control switch Q2 and a voltage stabilizing device ZD1.

[0110] The POW_EN signal controls the on and off of control switch Q2. When transistor Q1 is off, the POW_EN signal is pulled up to the VBAT high level. When transistor Q1 is on, the POW_EN signal is pulled down to the low level. When the POW_EN signal is low, control switch Q2 is turned on. The VBAT voltage passes through the third current-limiting resistor R4, control switch Q2, and voltage regulator ZD1, causing voltage regulator ZD1 to break down. The base of N-type transistor Q3 is clamped to the target voltage of voltage regulator ZD1. The VC1 voltage is the target voltage of voltage regulator ZD1 minus the emitter voltage drop of N-type transistor Q3 (exemplarily, a typical value of 0.7V). By selecting the target voltage of voltage regulator ZD1 and passing it through the enable module, the desired VCC_MCU voltage is obtained. That is, when the POW_EN signal is low, the enable module effectively outputs the VC1 voltage.

[0111] On the contrary, when the POW_EN signal is high, the control switch Q2 is disconnected, and the base of the N-type transistor Q3 is pulled to the ground (GND) by the pull-down resistor R6. The N-type transistor Q3 is disconnected, so the VC1 voltage is 0V at this time; that is, when the POW_EN signal is high, the enable module has no output voltage (or stops outputting voltage signals, or does not output voltage signals).

[0112] Among them, the fourth current limiting resistor R5 is the fourth current limiting resistor, which plays the role of sharing the voltage across the N-type transistor Q3 during linear voltage reduction; the second current limiting resistor R3 is the second current limiting resistor, which pulls the control end of the control switch Q2 to VBAT when the N-type transistor Q1 in the voltage monitoring module is turned off to prevent the control switch Q2 from being turned on by mistake; the pull-down resistor R6 is the pull-down resistor of the base of the N-type transistor Q3. When the control switch Q2 is turned off, the third current limiting resistor R4 provides a current I to the emitter of the N-type transistor Q3. B Since the N-type transistor Q3 works in the amplification state, the current between the collector C and the emitter E is I C =I B * h (h is the transistor's amplification factor). The selection of the fourth current-limiting resistor R5 determines the step-down supply current capability of the voltage conversion module.

[0113] The time-limited reset module includes capacitor C1, bleeder resistor R7, diode D1, voltage regulator ZD2, P-type transistor Q4, time adjustment resistor R8, and capacitor C2. When the enable module outputs a valid VC1 voltage, VC1 charges capacitor C2 through the emitter of P-type transistor Q4 and time adjustment resistor R8. P-type transistor Q4 turns on, and VC1 charges capacitor C1 and powers the controller. When RC time adjustment capacitor C2 is fully charged, P-type transistor Q4 turns off. If the auxiliary power system is still not powered at this time, the controller will be completely powered off, thus achieving a time-limited power supply.

[0114] Time adjustment resistor R8 and capacitor C2 set the conduction time of P-type transistor Q4. Initially, the design calculates the time required for the controller to complete related operations after an emergency power outage of the auxiliary power system. Bleeder resistor R7 and capacitor C2 are adjusted to meet this time. Diode D1 and voltage regulator ZD2 provide a reset function for the RC time adjustment circuit. When the VC1 voltage charges capacitor C1 and supplies power to the controller, and the VCC_MCU voltage returns to normal, the power monitor outputs a normal POW_OF signal (a normal POW_OF signal is low, an abnormal POW_OF signal is high). The POW_EN signal transitions high, turning off control switch Q2, deactivating the enable module, and turning off N-type transistor Q3. The voltage VC1 across capacitor C1 is discharged through bleeder resistor R7. When the voltage drop across capacitor C1 falls below the voltage across capacitor C2 minus the target voltage of voltage regulator ZD2, minus the voltage drop of diode D1, capacitor C2 begins to discharge and reset.

[0115] The design and selection of bleeder resistor R7, capacitor C1, and capacitor C2 should be considered based on the capacity of capacitor C1. When an abnormal power outage occurs, the power monitoring unit detects a VCC_MCU undervoltage (i.e., when the VCC_MCU voltage falls below its normal value) and outputs a high POW_OF signal. After the enable module executes once, the VCC_MCU voltage returns to normal, and POW_OF transitions from high to low, causing the enable module to stop operating. Bleeder resistor R7 then begins discharging capacitor C1. The resistance of bleeder resistor R7 and the capacitance of capacitor C1 can be designed so that the time it takes for capacitor C1 to discharge to a voltage lower than the voltage of capacitor C2 minus the target voltage of voltage regulator ZD2, minus the voltage drop across diode D1, is longer than the duration of the second VCC_MCU undervoltage event. This prevents capacitor C2 from resetting during the second VCC_MCU undervoltage event. Because capacitor C2 was not reset when VCC_MCU experienced undervoltage for the second time, although the enable module was enabled to output a valid VC1 voltage again, capacitor C2 was not reset, and P-type transistor Q4 failed to turn on again. The VCC_MCU voltage continued to be consumed until it fell below the voltage value where the power monitoring unit and controller stopped working, and the energy storage system was completely powered off.

[0116] The emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application utilizes the energy in the battery module to implement an emergency power supply design in the event of an abnormal power outage in the auxiliary power supply system.

[0117] Through the time-limited reset module, during an abnormal power failure of the auxiliary power system, the emergency power supply circuit only performs power supply once. After completing one power supply, the circuit disconnects the battery pack. The entire circuit no longer consumes the energy of the battery pack, effectively saving system energy.

[0118] In the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, the entire hardware circuit only works for a short period of time during an abnormal power failure of the auxiliary power supply system, and the circuit power consumption is low.

[0119] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage power supply provided in some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the energy storage power supply includes the emergency power supply circuit, controller, auxiliary power supply system and battery module in any of the above embodiments. The auxiliary power supply system is connected to the power supply terminal of the controller to provide power supply voltage to the controller;

[0120] The output end of the emergency power supply circuit is connected to the power supply end of the controller, and the input end of the emergency power supply circuit is connected to the battery module. The emergency power supply circuit is used to supply power to the controller for a limited time according to the battery voltage provided by the battery module when the power supply voltage is less than or equal to the preset voltage.

[0121] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0122] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An emergency power supply circuit for a controller, characterized in that: The emergency power supply circuit includes: a voltage monitoring module, an enabling module and a time-limited reset module; the monitoring end of the voltage monitoring module is connected to the power supply end of the controller, the output end of the voltage monitoring module is connected to the control end of the enabling module, the output end of the enabling module is connected to the input end of the time-limited reset module, the input end of the enabling module is connected to a battery module, and the output end of the time-limited reset module is connected to the power supply end of the controller; The voltage monitoring module is configured to output a first level signal to the enabling module when the power supply voltage of the controller is less than or equal to a preset voltage; The enabling module is configured to output a voltage signal to the time-limited reset module according to the first level signal and the battery voltage of the battery module; The time-limited reset module includes: a power supply control module, a time adjustment module and a reset auxiliary module; The control end of the power supply control module is connected to the time adjustment module, and the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the power supply control module are respectively connected to the output end of the enabling module and the power supply end of the controller; the reset auxiliary module is connected between the first conductive end of the power supply control module and the time adjustment module; The power supply control module is configured to be turned on according to the voltage signal, charge the time adjustment module, and supply power to the controller, and to be in a cut-off state and stop supplying power to the controller when the voltage of the time adjustment module reaches a specified voltage; The time adjustment module is configured to release the electric energy in the time adjustment module through the reset auxiliary module at intervals of a preset time length when the power supply control module is in the cut-off state.

2. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage monitoring module includes a power monitoring unit and a signal conversion unit; the monitoring end of the power monitoring unit is connected to the power supply end of the controller, the output end of the power monitoring unit is connected to the power failure detection end of the controller, and the output end of the power monitoring unit is also connected to the input end of the signal conversion unit; the output end of the signal conversion unit is connected to the control end of the enabling module; The power supply monitoring unit is configured to output a second level signal to the signal conversion unit when detecting that the power supply voltage of the controller is less than or equal to the preset voltage; The signal conversion unit is configured to output the first level signal to the enabling module according to the second level signal.

3. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal conversion unit includes: a first current limiting resistor, a pull-down resistor and a transistor; The first current limiting resistor is connected between the output end of the power monitoring unit and the base of the transistor; the pull-down resistor is connected between the output end of the power monitoring unit and the ground end; the collector and emitter of the transistor are respectively connected to the control end and the ground end of the enable module.

4. The emergency power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The enabling module includes an on-off control module, a voltage stabilizing module and a voltage conversion module; The control end of the on-off control module is connected to the output end of the voltage monitoring module, the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the on-off control module are respectively connected to the battery module and the control end of the voltage conversion module, and the second conductive end of the on-off control module is also connected to the voltage stabilizing module; the first conductive end and the second conductive end of the voltage conversion module are respectively connected to the battery module and the input end of the time-limited reset module; The on-off control module is configured to be turned on according to the first level signal, so that the voltage stabilizing module outputs a target voltage to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module; The voltage conversion module is configured to output the voltage signal to the time-limited reset module according to the target voltage.

5. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The on-off control module includes a second current limiting resistor, a third current limiting resistor and a control switch; The second current limiting resistor is connected between the battery module and the control end of the control switch; the third current limiting resistor is connected between the battery module and the first conductive end of the control switch, and the second conductive end of the control switch is connected to the control end of the voltage conversion module.

6. The emergency power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The time-limited reset module further includes a first power storage element and a power consumption element; The two ends of the first electric energy storage element are respectively connected to the first conductive end and the ground end of the power supply control module, and the two ends of the electric energy consumption element are respectively connected to the first conductive end and the ground end of the power supply control module; The first electric energy storage element is configured to charge when the first conductive end of the power supply control module is the voltage signal, and release electric energy through the electric energy consumption element when the power supply control module is disconnected; Among them, at the starting moment when the enabling module stops outputting the voltage signal, the voltage difference between the two ends of the first energy storage element is greater than the voltage difference between the first end of the reset auxiliary module and the ground end of the time adjustment module; the first end of the reset auxiliary module is connected to the first conduction end of the power supply control module.

7. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The time adjustment module includes a time adjustment resistor and a second electric energy storage element; The time adjustment resistor is connected between the control terminal of the power supply control module and the second electric energy storage element, and the second electric energy storage element is also connected to the reset auxiliary module.

8. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reset auxiliary module includes a diode and a voltage regulator tube; The cathode of the diode is connected to the first conducting end of the power supply control module, the anode of the diode is connected to the anode of the voltage regulator tube, and the cathode of the voltage regulator tube is connected to the second electric energy storage element; Among them, at the starting moment when the enabling module stops outputting the voltage signal, the voltage difference across the first energy storage element is greater than a preset voltage difference, and the preset voltage difference is the voltage difference across the second energy storage element minus the target voltage of the Zener diode, and then minus the voltage drop of the diode.

9. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: The energy storage power supply comprises the emergency power supply circuit, controller, auxiliary power supply system and battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the auxiliary power supply system is connected to the power supply end of the controller for providing a power supply voltage to the controller; The output end of the emergency power supply circuit is connected to the power supply end of the controller, and the input end of the emergency power supply circuit is connected to the battery module. The emergency power supply circuit is used to provide time-limited power to the controller according to the battery voltage provided by the battery module when the power supply voltage is less than or equal to the preset voltage.

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