Novel preparation process method of dendrobium white tea
By controlling the temperature and drying stage during the preparation process of Dendrobium white tea, combined with the freezing, crushing and extraction steps, the problem of easy degradation of Dendrobium polysaccharide ingredients and theanine components of white tea is solved, and the stability and efficient fusion of Dendrobium and white tea ingredients is achieved, and the product quality is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510269262.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the polysaccharide components in Dendrobium and theanine components of white tea are easily degraded, and the stability of theanine and polysaccharide components cannot be ensured, resulting in a lower degree of fusion of Dendrobium white tea.
Fresh stems and white tea with a mass ratio of 1:1 were used. After the temperature-regulated withering treatment, the Dendrobium extract was sprayed and staged drying was carried out to control the drying temperature <100℃, and combined with the freezing, crushing and extraction steps, we ensure that the polysaccharide ingredients are stably adsorbed on the white tea.
It effectively improves the degree of fusion of active ingredients between Dendrobium and white tea, ensures the stability of theanine and polysaccharide ingredients, and improves product quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN120381065A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of the preparation of Dendrobium white tea, and specifically relates to a preparation process method of a new type of Dendrobium white tea. Background Art
[0002] As a precious traditional Chinese medicine, Dendrobium has a straight stem, thick and fleshy, slightly flattened cylindrical shape, and has the effects of promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, nourishing yin and clearing heat, improving eyesight and nourishing the liver, and reducing blood sugar. Dendrobium contains a variety of bioactive components, such as polysaccharides, alkaloids, amino acids, etc. Its main active component is polysaccharides, which have anti-tumor and immune-enhancing effects, can enhance the body's immunity, and have a good immune regulatory effect on systems such as the liver, kidney, heart, and brain.
[0003] White tea is one of the six traditional tea categories in China, with the quality characteristics of complete bud hairs on the outside, covered with hairs all over the body, fresh and clear hair fragrance, yellow-green and clear soup color, and light and sweet taste. At the same time, white tea contains nutritional components such as tea polyphenols, caffeine, and amino acids. Long-term drinking of white tea helps to improve the body's immunity and prevent various diseases. The production process of white tea is relatively simple, mainly going through two processes: withering and drying. Withering is the key process for forming the quality of white tea. Through withering, the moisture in the tea leaves gradually evaporates, the enzyme activity in the tea leaves increases, promoting material transformation, and thus forming the unique aroma and taste of white tea. Drying is to dry the withered tea leaves to further reduce the moisture content for easy storage, and can retain the natural substances and nutritional components in the tea leaves to the greatest extent. Currently, there are preparation process methods on the market that combine Dendrobium with white tea to mix the effects of Dendrobium and white tea and improve the effects of the mixed products.
[0004] However, most of the current preparation process methods of Dendrobium white tea mainly use the process of drying at a temperature >100°C to prepare Dendrobium white tea during the preparation process. In the environment at this temperature, the polysaccharide components in Dendrobium and the theanine components in white tea are easily degraded, unable to ensure the stability of the theanine and polysaccharide components, resulting in a lower degree of component fusion in Dendrobium white tea, thereby reducing the component synergistic effect and product quality. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This application provides a preparation process method of a new type of Dendrobium white tea, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art that the polysaccharide components in Dendrobium and the theanine components in white tea are easily degraded, unable to ensure the stability of the theanine and polysaccharide components, resulting in a lower degree of component fusion in Dendrobium white tea.
[0006] A preparation process method of a new type of Dendrobium white tea, the method comprising the following steps:
[0007] S1: Select fresh Dendrobium stems and white tea with a mass ratio of 1:1, and wash and air-dry them;
[0008] S2: Evenly spread out the white tea, with a spreading thickness of 3 cm - 5 cm, and then carry out withering treatment on the white tea through temperature adjustment. The withering time is 60 hours - 72 hours;
[0009] S3: Cut 20% - 30% of the fresh dendrobium stems into sections, and successively carry out freezing treatment, crushing treatment and extraction treatment to obtain dendrobium extract;
[0010] S4: Evenly spray the dendrobium extract on the withered white tea according to the mass ratio of 1 - 1.5:5 - 8 of the dendrobium extract to the white tea, and let it stand and penetrate for 2 hours - 3 hours to obtain withered leaves;
[0011] S5: Spread the remaining 80% - 70% of the fresh dendrobium stems and the withered leaves in a single layer on the withered leaves according to the mass ratio of 0.5 - 1:1 - 2, and successively carry out preliminary drying treatment and deep drying treatment;
[0012] S6: Put the dried dendrobium and tea leaves into a sealed container, and place it in a light - proof environment for aging for 5 weeks - 10 weeks to obtain dendrobium white tea.
[0013] Furthermore, the specific steps of the freezing treatment in S3 are as follows;
[0014] S3.11: Put the cut fresh dendrobium stem sections into a freezer, control the temperature of the freezer at - 25°C - - 18°C, and freeze for 3 hours - 3.5 hours to ensure that the fresh dendrobium stem sections are completely frozen;
[0015] S3.12: Take out the frozen fresh dendrobium stem sections and put them in an environment of 10°C - 15°C for thawing. The thawing time is 12 hours - 24 hours;
[0016] S3.13: Repeat the above - mentioned freezing steps 4 - 5 times and the above - mentioned thawing steps 3 - 4 times to obtain frozen fresh dendrobium stem sections.
[0017] Furthermore, the specific steps of the crushing treatment in S3 are as follows:
[0018] S3.21: Place the frozen fresh dendrobium stem sections in a liquid nitrogen freezer. The liquid nitrogen temperature is - 196°C - - 200°C, and the freezing time is 10 minutes - 15 minutes to vitrify the cell structure and avoid loss of heat - sensitive components during crushing;
[0019] S3.22: Put the fresh dendrobium stem sections frozen in the liquid nitrogen freezer into a crusher. Among them, the main shaft speed of the crusher is 12000 rpm - 14000 rpm, and the crushing time is 5 minutes - 10 minutes to obtain crushed materials;
[0020] S3.23: Screen the crushed materials with a grading wheel to obtain finished dendrobium powder. The particle size of the finished dendrobium powder is ≤15 μm.
[0021] Further, the specific steps of the extraction process in S3 are as follows:
[0022] S3.31: Add water and cellulase to the finished Dendrobium powder, stir well and then let it stand for 5 to 8 hours, with a stirring speed of 60 rpm - 70 rpm and a stirring time of 20 to 30 minutes;
[0023] S3.32: Filter the liquid after standing through a filter to obtain the Dendrobium extract.
[0024] Further, the mass ratio of the finished Dendrobium powder, water and cellulase is: 1 - 2:5 - 10:0.5 - 1, and the concentration of the cellulase is 0.3% - 05%.
[0025] Further, it is necessary to turn it over every 40 to 60 minutes during the preliminary drying process, and turn it over every 10 to 30 minutes during the deep drying process.
[0026] Further, the drying temperature of the preliminary drying process is 65°C - 85°C, the drying time is 4 to 5 hours, and the relative humidity should be controlled at 40% - 60%.
[0027] Further, the drying temperature of the deep drying process is 40°C - 60°C, the drying time is 2 to 5 hours, and the relative humidity is further reduced to 30% - 50%.
[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0029] Based on further analysis and research of the problems of the prior art, the present application first extracts the Dendrobium extract and sprays it on white tea, so that the polysaccharide components in the Dendrobium extract can be effectively adsorbed on the white tea, and then mixes the fresh Dendrobium stems with the white tea for staged drying treatment. The drying temperature is controlled below 100°C throughout the process, so that the polysaccharide components in the Dendrobium and the theanine components in the white tea are not easily degraded, effectively ensuring the stability of the theanine and polysaccharide components. Thus, the polysaccharide components in the Dendrobium are extracted by a dual method to complete the preparation of Dendrobium white tea, effectively improving the integration degree of the active ingredients of Dendrobium and white tea, and improving the synergistic effect of the active ingredients and the product quality.
[0030] The present application also divides the staged drying treatment into preliminary drying treatment and deep drying treatment. First, through the preliminary drying treatment, the water in the Dendrobium extract can be removed, and the polysaccharide components in the Dendrobium extract are adsorbed on the white tea, effectively removing part of the water in the fresh Dendrobium stems and white tea, and avoiding the destruction of active ingredients by high temperature. At the same time, the decrease in the temperature of the deep drying treatment can avoid the destruction of the active ingredients in the Dendrobium and white tea by high temperature, and at the same time ensure the drying degree of the Dendrobium and white tea. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the preparation process method of the novel dendrobium white tea provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of S3 of the preparation process method of the novel dendrobium white tea provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments
[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
[0034] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a preparation process method of a novel dendrobium white tea is provided, including the following steps:
[0035] S1: Select fresh dendrobium stems and white tea with a mass ratio of 1:1, and wash and dry them;
[0036] S2: Spread the white tea evenly, with a spreading thickness of 3 cm - 5 cm, and then carry out withering treatment on the white tea through temperature adjustment, and the withering time is 60 hours - 72 hours.
[0037] Among them, the temperature range of temperature adjustment is 18°C - 30°C. Within 24 hours a day, from 5 am to 9 am it is 18°C - 22°C, from 9 am to 5 pm it is 23°C - 30°C, and from 5 pm to 4 am the next day it is 25°C - 20°C, to affect the physiological metabolism inside the white tea by simulating the natural growth environment of the white tea. At 18°C, the physiological activities such as the respiration of the tea leaves are relatively stable but slow. As the temperature rises to 30°C, the physiological metabolism accelerates and the activity of enzymes increases, which is similar to the growth state of the tea tree when the temperature rises during the day, and can promote a series of biochemical reactions beneficial to the formation of aroma precursor substances inside the tea leaves.
[0038] S3: Cut 20% - 30% of the fresh dendrobium stems into sections, and successively carry out freezing treatment, crushing treatment and extraction treatment to obtain a dendrobium extract.
[0039] In one embodiment, S3 specifically includes the specific steps of freezing treatment, the specific steps of crushing treatment, and the specific steps of extraction treatment;
[0040] Among them, the specific steps of freezing treatment are;
[0041] S3.11: Put the cut fresh dendrobium stem sections into a freezer, control the temperature of the freezer to be -25°C - -18°C, and freeze for 3 hours - 3.5 hours to ensure that the fresh dendrobium stem sections are completely frozen.
[0042] S3.12: Take out the frozen fresh Dendrobium stems and place them in an environment of 10°C - 15°C for thawing. The thawing time is 12 - 24 hours to ensure that the fresh Dendrobium stems are completely thawed. Room temperature should ensure both the best cell wall breaking effect and avoid excessive damage to the active ingredients.
[0043] S3.13: Repeat the above freezing steps 4 - 5 times and the above thawing steps 3 - 4 times to obtain frozen fresh Dendrobium stems.
[0044] In this embodiment, the cell walls of the fresh Dendrobium stems are also punctured by ice crystals generated during freezing to improve the polysaccharide dissolution rate. When the fresh Dendrobium stems are placed in a low - temperature environment, the water will gradually freeze to form ice crystals. As the temperature further decreases, these ice crystals will continuously grow and expand, exerting pressure on the surrounding cell walls. When the volume of the ice crystals increases to a certain extent, they will cause mechanical damage or even complete rupture of the cell walls, enabling the polysaccharide components originally enclosed within the cells to be exposed and dissolved into the external medium. At the same time, the voids left after the ice crystals melt are also conducive to the penetration of solvent molecules into the interior, accelerating the process of transferring the target substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase and further improving the extraction efficiency.
[0045] The specific steps of the comminution treatment are as follows:
[0046] S3.21: Place the frozen fresh Dendrobium stems in a liquid nitrogen freezer. The liquid nitrogen temperature is - 196°C - - 200°C, and the freezing time is 10 - 15 minutes to vitrify the cell structure and avoid loss of heat - sensitive components during comminution.
[0047] S3.22: Put the fresh Dendrobium stems frozen in the liquid nitrogen freezer into a pulverizer. Among them, the main shaft speed of the pulverizer is 12000 rpm - 14000 rpm, and the pulverizing time is 5 - 10 minutes to obtain pulverized materials.
[0048] S3.23: Screen the pulverized materials with a grading wheel to obtain the finished Dendrobium powder, and the particle size of the finished Dendrobium powder ≤ 15μm.
[0049] The specific steps of the extraction treatment are as follows:
[0050] S3.31: Add water and cellulase to the finished Dendrobium powder, stir well and then let it stand for 5 - 8 hours. The stirring speed is 60 rpm - 70 rpm, and the stirring time is 20 - 30 minutes. Among them, the mass ratio of the finished Dendrobium powder, water and cellulase is: 1 - 2:5 - 10:0.5 - 1, and the concentration of cellulase is 0.3% - 0.5%, which is convenient for cellulase to decompose the cellulose in the finished Dendrobium powder and reduce the fibrous feeling.
[0051] S3.32: Filter the liquid after standing through a filter to obtain the Dendrobium extract.
[0052] S4: Evenly spray the Dendrobium extract and white tea in a mass ratio of 1 - 1.5:5 - 8 on the white tea after withering treatment, and let it stand for infiltration for 2 - 3 hours to obtain withered leaves;
[0053] S5: Lay the remaining 80% - 70% of fresh Dendrobium stems and withered leaves in a single layer on the withered leaves in a mass ratio of 0.5 - 1:1 - 2, and successively carry out preliminary drying treatment and deep drying treatment. Among them, it is necessary to turn over once every 40 - 60 minutes during the preliminary drying treatment, and turn over once every 10 - 30 minutes during the deep drying treatment to make the Dendrobium and white tea evenly heated.
[0054] Among them, the drying temperature of the preliminary drying treatment is 65°C - 85°C, and the drying time is 4 - 5 hours. This temperature range can remove the moisture in the Dendrobium extract, enable the polysaccharide components in the Dendrobium extract to be adsorbed on the white tea, and at the same time effectively remove part of the moisture in the fresh Dendrobium stems and white tea, avoiding the destruction of active ingredients by high temperature. At the same time, the relative humidity should be controlled at 40% - 60% to prevent mildew and deterioration of Dendrobium and white tea due to excessive humidity.
[0055] The drying temperature of the deep drying treatment is 40°C - 60°C, and the drying time is 2 - 5 hours. The decrease in drying temperature can avoid the destruction of active ingredients in Dendrobium and white tea by high temperature. At the same time, the relative humidity is further reduced to 30% - 50% to ensure the drying degree of Dendrobium and white tea.
[0056] S6: Put the dried Dendrobium and tea leaves into a sealed container and place them in a light - proof environment for aging for 5 - 10 weeks to obtain Dendrobium white tea. The temperature of the aging environment is 20°C - 25°C, and the environmental relative humidity is 40% - 50%.
[0057] In the above - mentioned preparation process method of the new Dendrobium white tea, first extract the Dendrobium extract and spray it on the white tea, so that the polysaccharide components in the Dendrobium extract can be effectively adsorbed on the white tea, and then mix the fresh Dendrobium stems with the white tea for staged drying treatment. The drying temperature is controlled below 100°C throughout the process, so that the polysaccharide components in Dendrobium and the theanine components in white tea are not easily degraded, effectively ensuring the stability of theanine and polysaccharide components. Thus, the polysaccharide components in Dendrobium are extracted by a dual method to complete the preparation of Dendrobium white tea, effectively improving the degree of fusion of the active ingredients of Dendrobium and white tea, and enhancing the synergistic effect of the active ingredients and the product quality.
[0058] The following also gives a specific application example:
[0059] A preparation process method of a new Dendrobium white tea, including the following steps:
[0060] S1: Select fresh Dendrobium stems and white tea with a mass ratio of 1:1, and clean and air - dry them;
[0061] S2: Evenly spread out the white tea, with a spreading thickness of 3 cm, and then carry out withering treatment on the white tea through temperature adjustment, and the withering time is 60 hours;
[0062] S3: Cut 20% of the fresh dendrobium stems into sections, and successively carry out freezing treatment, pulverization treatment and extraction treatment to obtain dendrobium extract;
[0063] S4: Evenly spray the dendrobium extract on the withered white tea according to the mass ratio of 1:5 of the dendrobium extract to the white tea, and let it stand and penetrate for 2 hours to obtain withered leaves;
[0064] S5: Spread the remaining 80% of the fresh dendrobium stems and white tea in a single layer on the withered leaves according to the mass ratio of 0.5:1 and successively carry out preliminary drying treatment and deep drying treatment;
[0065] S6: Put the dried dendrobium and tea leaves into a sealed container and place them in a light-proof environment for aging for 5 weeks to obtain dendrobium white tea.
[0066] The specific steps of the freezing treatment in S3 are as follows;
[0067] S3.11: Put the cut fresh dendrobium stem sections into a freezer, control the temperature of the freezer at -25°C, and freeze for 3 hours to ensure that the fresh dendrobium stem sections are completely frozen;
[0068] S3.12: Take out the frozen fresh dendrobium stem sections and place them in an environment at 10°C for thawing, and the thawing time is 12 hours;
[0069] S3.13: Repeat the above freezing steps 4 times and the above thawing steps 3 times to obtain frozen fresh dendrobium stem sections.
[0070] The specific steps of the pulverization treatment in S3 are as follows:
[0071] S3.21: Place the frozen fresh dendrobium stem sections in a liquid nitrogen freezer, the liquid nitrogen temperature is -196°C, and the freezing time is 10 minutes to vitrify the cell structure and avoid loss of heat-sensitive components during pulverization;
[0072] S3.22: Put the fresh dendrobium stem sections frozen in the liquid nitrogen freezer into a pulverizer, where the main shaft speed of the pulverizer is 12000 rpm and the pulverization time is 5 minutes to obtain pulverized materials;
[0073] S3.23: Screen the pulverized materials with a grading wheel to obtain finished dendrobium powder, and the particle size of the finished dendrobium powder ≤ 15 μm.
[0074] The specific steps of the extraction treatment in S3 are as follows:
[0075] S3.31: Add water and cellulase into the finished Dendrobium powder, stir well and then let it stand for 5 hours. The stirring speed is 60 rpm and the stirring time is 20 minutes.
[0076] S3.32: Filter the liquid after standing through a filter to obtain the Dendrobium extract.
[0077] The mass ratio of the finished Dendrobium powder, water and cellulase is: 1:5:0.5, and the concentration of the cellulase is 0.3%.
[0078] During the preliminary drying process, it needs to be turned over every 40 minutes, and during the deep drying process, it needs to be turned over every 10 minutes.
[0079] The drying temperature of the preliminary drying process is 65°C, the drying time is 4 hours, and the relative humidity should be controlled at 40%.
[0080] The drying temperature of the deep drying process is 40°C, the drying time is 2 hours, and the relative humidity is further reduced to 30%.
[0081] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered to be within the scope described in this specification.
Claims
1. A preparation process method for a new type of dendrobium white tea, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Select fresh Dendrobium stems and white tea with a mass ratio of 1:1, and wash and dry them; S2: Spread the white tea evenly, with a spreading thickness of 3 cm - 5 cm, and then conduct a withering treatment on the white tea through temperature adjustment, with a withering time of 60 hours - 72 hours; S3: Cut 20% - 30% of the fresh Dendrobium stems into sections, and successively conduct freezing treatment, crushing treatment, and extraction treatment to obtain Dendrobium extract; S4: Evenly spray the Dendrobium extract on the withered white tea according to a mass ratio of 1 - 1.5:5 - 8, and let it stand and penetrate for 2 hours - 3 hours to obtain withered leaves; S5: Spread the remaining 80% - 70% of the fresh Dendrobium stems and the withered leaves in a single layer on the withered leaves according to a mass ratio of 0.5 - 1:1 - 2, and successively conduct preliminary drying treatment and deep drying treatment; S6: Put the dried Dendrobium and tea leaves into a sealed container, and place it in a light - proof environment for aging for 5 weeks - 10 weeks to obtain Dendrobium white tea.
2. The preparation process method of a new type of dendrobium white tea according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of the freezing treatment in S3 are as follows; S3.11: Put the cut fresh Dendrobium stem sections into a freezer, control the temperature of the freezer at - 25°C - - 18°C, and freeze for 3 hours - 3.5 hours to ensure that the fresh Dendrobium stem sections are completely frozen; S3.12: Take out the frozen fresh Dendrobium stem sections and put them in an environment of 10°C - 15°C for thawing, with a thawing time of 12 hours - 24 hours; S3.13: Repeat the above - mentioned freezing steps 4 - 5 times and the above - mentioned thawing steps 3 - 4 times to obtain frozen fresh Dendrobium stem sections.
3. The preparation process method of a novel dendrobium white tea according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps of the crushing treatment in S3 are as follows: S3.21: Put the frozen fresh Dendrobium stem sections into a liquid nitrogen freezer, with the liquid nitrogen temperature at - 196°C - - 200°C, and freeze for 10 minutes - 15 minutes to vitrify the cell structure and avoid loss of heat - sensitive components during crushing; S3.22: Put the fresh Dendrobium stem sections frozen in the liquid nitrogen freezer into a crusher, where the main shaft speed of the crusher is 12000 rpm - 14000 rpm, and the crushing time is 5 minutes - 10 minutes to obtain crushed materials; S3.23: Screen the crushed materials with a grading wheel to obtain finished Dendrobium powder, and the particle size of the finished Dendrobium powder ≤ 15μm.
4. The preparation process of a new type of dendrobium white tea according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps of the extraction treatment in S3 are as follows: S3.31: Add water and cellulase to the finished Dendrobium powder, stir well and then let it stand for 5 hours - 8 hours, with a stirring speed of 60 rpm - 70 rpm and a stirring time of 20 minutes - 30 minutes; S3.32: Filter the liquid after standing through a filter to obtain Dendrobium extract.
5. The preparation process of a new type of dendrobium white tea according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the finished Dendrobium powder, water, and cellulase is: 1 - 2:5 - 10:0.5 - 1, and the concentration of the cellulase is 0.3% - 05%.
6. The preparation process method of a new type of dendrobium white tea according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the preliminary drying treatment, it is necessary to turn it over every 40 minutes - 60 minutes, and during the deep drying treatment, it is necessary to turn it over every 10 minutes - 30 minutes.
7. The preparation process of a new type of dendrobium white tea according to claim 1 is characterized in that, The drying temperature of the preliminary drying treatment is 65°C - 85°C, the drying time is 4 hours - 5 hours, and the relative humidity should be controlled at 40% - 60%.
8. The preparation process method of a new type of dendrobium officinale white tea according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying temperature for the deep drying treatment is 40°C - 60°C, the drying time is 2 hours - 5 hours, and the relative humidity is further reduced to 30% - 50%.