Pretreatment processing equipment for agricultural products

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing equipment, and discloses agricultural product pretreatment processing equipment which comprises a treatment box, three partition plates are arranged in the treatment box at equal intervals, and the interior of the treatment box is divided into four treatment cavities with the same size by the partition plates; the four treatment cavities are a first treatment cavity, a second treatment cavity, a third treatment cavity and a fourth treatment cavity in sequence; and the primary separation mechanism is used for carrying out primary separation treatment on soil attached to the surfaces of the potatoes input into the treatment box. By adding and arranging the preliminary separation mechanism, the pretreatment effect when potatoes serve as raw materials to process chips, potato blocks, potato chips and other products is remarkably improved, when the potatoes enter the equipment and freely fall, soil attached to the surfaces of the potatoes can be preliminarily separated through the impact force of the potatoes, and then attachments such as residual soil can be further removed in a vibration separation mode; the attachment amount of soil impurities on the surfaces of the potatoes is greatly reduced, cleaner raw materials are provided for subsequent processing, and the product quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing equipment, specifically to the pretreatment processing equipment for agricultural products. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes are oval or round in appearance, with diverse skin colors such as yellow, white, red, and purple, and their pulp is mostly light yellow or white. Their cooking methods are extremely diverse: they can be stewed, fried, steamed, or deep-fried. Potato products such as potato strips, potato chunks, and potato cubes are deeply loved by consumers. French fries, potato chunks, and potato chips made from potatoes are crispy on the outside and tender on the inside, and are popular snacks. In addition, potatoes can be made into industrial raw materials such as starch and alcohol, and even be used as candidate crops for space food in the aerospace field.

[0003] Before potatoes are processed into products such as French fries, potato chunks, and potato chips, the pretreatment process is crucial. Since potatoes grow in the soil, a large amount of soil will adhere to their surface after harvesting, so cleaning becomes the primary process. Currently, the industry generally uses the high-pressure water flow flushing method to clean potatoes. However, this traditional cleaning method has significant drawbacks: on the one hand, high-pressure flushing consumes a large amount of water resources, increasing the energy consumption cost during the production process; on the other hand, the strong water flow impact is likely to damage the potato skin, forming small cracks, resulting in the sewage containing soil seeping into the potato interior during the cleaning process, causing secondary pollution. The damaged potatoes not only affect the subsequent processing efficiency, but may also reduce the quality and safety of finished products such as French fries and potato chips due to microbial growth, bringing potential risks to food production. Therefore, technicians in this field have proposed a pretreatment processing equipment for agricultural products to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a pretreatment processing equipment for agricultural products, which solves the problem that a large amount of water resources are easily consumed and wasted during the pretreatment cleaning of potatoes before processing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A pretreatment processing equipment for agricultural products, including, A processing tank, inside which three partition plates are equidistantly arranged, and the partition plates divide the interior of the processing tank into four processing chambers of the same size; The four processing chambers are successively the first processing chamber, the second processing chamber, the third processing chamber, and the fourth processing chamber; A preliminary separation mechanism, which is arranged inside the first processing chamber and is used for performing preliminary separation processing on the soil adhering to the surface of the potatoes input into the processing tank; A waste-free cleaning mechanism, which is arranged inside the second processing chamber and is used for performing secondary cleaning processing on the potatoes after the preliminary separation mechanism has finished processing; A low-temperature embrittlement mechanism is disposed within the third processing chamber and is used for performing low-temperature embrittlement treatment on potatoes after being processed by the waste-free cleaning mechanism before peeling. An epidermis removal mechanism is disposed within the fourth processing chamber and is used for performing epidermis removal treatment on potatoes after being processed by the low-temperature embrittlement mechanism before processing.

[0006] Preferably, the preliminary separation mechanism includes a feed hopper. The upper middle part of one side of the processing box is fixedly connected with a feed hopper. The upper middle part of one side of the processing box close to the feed hopper is rotatably connected with a rotating seat. A plurality of rotating closing plates are circumferentially arranged among the rotating seats, and the rotating closing plates are arranged in a cross shape.

[0007] Preferably, the preliminary separation mechanism further includes a top strip-shaped sieve plate. The upper middle part of the inner side of the first processing chamber is provided with a top strip-shaped sieve plate. A bottom strip-shaped sieve plate is arranged at the bottom of the top strip-shaped sieve plate. Connecting columns are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the top strip-shaped sieve plate. The bottom ends of the connecting columns are respectively connected to corresponding positions of the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate. Rubber layers are arranged on the surfaces of the top strip-shaped sieve plate and the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate. Vibration generators are arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate.

[0008] Preferably, the waste-free cleaning mechanism includes an inclined guiding plate 1. The middle part of the inner side of the second processing chamber is fixedly connected with an inclined guiding plate 1. A spraying seat 1 is arranged in the middle of the top of the inner side of the second processing chamber. One side of the middle part at the rear of the processing box is provided with a carbon dioxide storage tank, and the carbon dioxide inside the carbon dioxide storage tank is in a liquid state. One side of the upper middle part at the rear of the processing box is provided with a plunger type high-pressure pump. One side of the middle rear part of the top of the processing box is provided with a temporary storage tank. A jacket type heat exchanger is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the temporary storage tank. The liquid inlet of the plunger type high-pressure pump is communicated with the inside of the carbon dioxide storage tank through a connecting pipe. The liquid outlet of the plunger type high-pressure pump is communicated with the inside of the temporary storage tank through a connecting pipe. The inside of the temporary storage tank is communicated with the inside of the spraying seat 1 through a connecting pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the waste-free cleaning mechanism further includes cylindrical barrier strips. A plurality of cylindrical barrier strips are equidistantly arranged on the upper surface of the inclined guiding plate 1. A plurality of groups of slotted grooves are equidistantly formed on the inclined guiding plate 1. Magnetic closing seats are arranged inside the inclined guiding plate 1 near the slotted grooves. A plurality of electromagnets and control sensors are equidistantly arranged inside the inclined guiding plate 1, and the electromagnets are arranged on one side close to the magnetic closing seats. A PLC controller and a pressure monitoring regulator are sequentially arranged from top to bottom on one side of the middle part of the front of the processing box.

[0010] Preferably, the waste-free cleaning mechanism further includes a filter. One side of the middle part of the bottom end at the rear side of the treatment tank is provided with a filter. One side of the middle part at the rear side of the treatment tank is provided with a condenser. One end of the filter is communicated with the bottom of the second treatment chamber through a connecting pipe. The other end of the filter is communicated with the air inlet of the condenser through a connecting pipe. The liquid outlet of the condenser is communicated with the inside of the carbon dioxide storage tank through a connecting pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the low-temperature embrittlement mechanism includes an inclined guide plate II. The inclined guide plate II is fixedly connected to the middle and lower part inside the third treatment chamber. A spraying seat II is arranged in the middle of the top end of the treatment tank. One side of the middle and lower part at the rear end of the treatment tank is provided with a liquid nitrogen storage tank. One side of the middle and upper part at the rear end of the treatment tank is provided with a delivery pump. The liquid inlet of the delivery pump is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen storage tank through a connecting pipe. The liquid outlet of the delivery pump is communicated with the liquid inlet of the spraying seat II through a connecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the epidermis removing mechanism includes a mounting seat. The mounting seat is arranged at the bottom end of the fourth treatment chamber. A steam generator is arranged at the middle part of the bottom end on the side of the partition plate away from the feed hopper. An inclined wall is arranged on one side of the mounting seat top close to the steam generator. A treatment flow channel is arranged in the middle of the inside of the mounting seat. A plurality of friction rollers are equidistantly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the treatment flow channel. One side of the bottom of the rear end of the treatment tank is provided with a driver for driving a plurality of friction rollers in the treatment flow channel to rotate synchronously. An outlet is opened at the bottom end on the side of the treatment tank away from the feed hopper, and the outlet is communicated with the inside of the treatment flow channel.

[0013] Working principle: When using potatoes as raw materials to process products such as French fries, potato chunks, and potato chips, first, the preliminary separation mechanism is activated. Workers put the potatoes dug out from the soil into the feed hopper on the processing box. The potatoes entering the feed hopper roll and impact the rotating closing plate in the rotating seat under the influence of the inner wall of the hopper, thereby initially separating the soil on the potatoes. Then, when the weight of the potatoes in the rotating closing plate exceeds a certain limit value, the potatoes on the rotating closing plate drive the rotating closing plate and the potatoes on it in the rotating seat to rotate, so that the potatoes on the rotating closing plate rotate into the first processing chamber. At the same time, after rotation, another part of the rotating closing plate closes the processing chamber inside the processing box again, and this cycle is repeated to complete the continuous feeding process of the potato raw materials. When the potatoes on the rotating closing plate roll and fall onto the top strip-shaped sieve plate in the first processing chamber, under the influence of the weight of the potatoes, when the potatoes fall onto the top strip-shaped sieve plate, the remaining soil on the potatoes is separated again by the falling impact. And at the same time, the rubber layer on the top strip-shaped sieve plate protects the potatoes to prevent the skin of the potatoes from being damaged by bumps during the falling process. Then, the vibration generator on the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate is started, and the vibration generated by it is transmitted to the top strip-shaped sieve plate through the connecting column, thereby accelerating the separation process of the soil on the surface of the potatoes on the top strip-shaped sieve plate. Then, the soil and other impurities separated from the surface of the potatoes fall into the bottom of the first processing chamber through the strip-shaped grooves on the top strip-shaped sieve plate and the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate for collection, thus completing the preliminary separation process before processing the potato products;Then the waste-free cleaning mechanism is activated. The potatoes after being processed by the preliminary separation mechanism fall onto the surface of the inclined guide plate on the second processing chamber and roll. Affected by the surface inclination and the cylindrical barrier strips thereon, their rolling speed is slowed down. At this time, the liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank is pumped and conveyed into the temporary storage tank on the processing tank through the plunger high-pressure pump. Then, the liquid carbon dioxide entering the temporary storage tank is heated and raised to the critical temperature through the jacket heat exchanger thereon to form a supercritical fluid. After that, the supercritical fluid in the temporary storage tank is input into the spray seat 1 in the second processing chamber through the connecting pipe and sprayed out, so as to spray on the surface of the potatoes on the inclined guide plate 1. After contacting the potatoes, the supercritical fluid uses its high diffusivity to penetrate into the tiny gaps between the potato skin and the soil. At the same time, the pressure monitoring regulator on the processing tank monitors the pressure in the second processing chamber in real time, and then controls its internal pressure through the PLC controller, so as to perform periodic pressure adjustment on its interior, making the volume of the supercritical carbon dioxide diffused and penetrated into the gaps between the potato skin and the soil expand rapidly, thus generating an impact force similar to air explosion to strip the soil particles on the potato surface. Then, the soil stripped and separated from the potato surface carries the supercritical carbon dioxide and falls into the bottom of the second processing chamber through the slot on the inclined guide plate 1. After that, the staff sends a control signal to the control sensor in the inclined guide plate 1 through the control device. The control sensor receiving the control signal changes the magnetism on the electromagnet, so that the magnetism between the magnetic sealing seat and the electromagnet is the same sex. According to the principle that like magnets repel and opposite magnets attract, the magnetic repulsive force generated between the magnetic sealing seat and the electromagnet pushes the magnetic sealing seat into the slot, thus closing the slot on the inclined guide plate 1 and also forming a closed chamber at the bottom of the second processing chamber. After that, the PLC controller controls the pressure monitoring regulator to reduce the pressure in the closed chamber at the bottom of the second processing chamber, so that the carbon dioxide liquid in the chamber at the bottom of the second processing chamber is vaporized through the pressure reduction. After vaporization, the carbon dioxide is separated from the soil thereon. Then, the vaporized carbon dioxide passes through the filter on the processing tank and enters the condenser for condensation treatment. The carbon dioxide liquid after being condensed and liquefied by the condenser returns to the carbon dioxide storage tank again through the connecting pipe for storage and standby, thus completing the secondary cleaning treatment of the potatoes and generating no other waste after the cleaning treatment;Then the low-temperature embrittlement mechanism is activated, and the potatoes processed by the waste-free cleaning mechanism roll onto the second inclined guiding plate in the third processing chamber. At the same time, the rolling speed of the potatoes is slowed down by the influence of the inclination of the surface of the second inclined guiding plate and the cylindrical blocking strips thereon. At this time, the delivery pump on the processing box is started, and the delivery pump pumps and transports the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank through the connecting pipe, and transports the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank into the second spraying seat in the third processing chamber, and then sprays it onto the surface of the cleaned potatoes on the second inclined guiding plate through the second spraying seat. After the potatoes come into contact with the sprayed liquid nitrogen, the moisture under their epidermis quickly freezes and collides, and at the same time activates the pectin methylesterase in the potatoes themselves, so as to facilitate subsequent peeling and inhibit enzymatic browning at the same time, thus completing the low-temperature embrittlement treatment of the potatoes before peeling; then the epidermis removal mechanism is activated. When the potatoes processed by the low-temperature embrittlement mechanism roll onto the inclined wall on the mounting seat in the fourth processing chamber, the steam generator in the fourth processing chamber is started, and the steam generator sprays high-temperature steam on the surface of the potatoes during the rolling process, so as to complete the thawing treatment of the quick-frozen potatoes. After thawing, the ice crystals under the potato epidermis expand and break the cell structure of the potato epidermis, thus facilitating subsequent epidermis separation treatment. Then the processed potatoes enter the processing flow channel in the mounting seat. At this time, the driver on the processing box drives the friction roller in the processing flow channel, and the friction roller rubs and removes the epidermis of the potatoes rolling in the processing flow channel during rotation. Finally, the potatoes after friction removal are discharged through the discharge port on the processing box into the collection equipment for centralized collection, thus completing the epidermis removal treatment before the processing of potato products.;

[0014] The present invention provides a pretreatment processing device for agricultural products. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. By adding and setting a preliminary separation mechanism, the present invention significantly improves the pretreatment effect when processing products such as French fries, potato chunks, and potato chips with potatoes as raw materials. When the potatoes enter the device and fall freely, their impact force can initially separate the soil attached to the surface, and then, in combination with the vibration separation method, the residual soil and other attachments can be further removed, greatly reducing the amount of soil impurities attached to the surface of the potatoes, providing a cleaner raw material for subsequent processing, improving the product quality. At the same time, by adding a rubber layer, it can also prevent the epidermis of the potatoes from being bruised and damaged during the processing, ensuring the integrity of the potato epidermis during processing. And the overall device adopts a rotating closed design, which is closed in time after the potatoes enter the interior, effectively preventing impurities such as soil and dust in the device from overflowing, avoiding polluting the surrounding environment, and creating a cleaner production environment.

[0015] 2. By adding and setting up a waste-free cleaning mechanism, when processing the potatoes after the preliminary separation mechanism, in terms of the cleaning method, this mechanism uses supercritical carbon dioxide for cleaning, which can completely replace traditional water washing. On the one hand, this processing method greatly reduces water resource waste and also eliminates the drying link after water washing, significantly improving the processing efficiency. On the other hand, no wastewater is generated during the cleaning process, solving the water pollution problem at the source and conforming to the concept of green environmental protection. In terms of the cleaning effect, supercritical carbon dioxide is in a fluid state and can gently clean the potatoes after being processed by the preliminary separation mechanism, avoiding the damage to the potato skin caused by mechanical inclination in traditional mechanical cleaning and better protecting the potato quality. In addition, the liquid carbon dioxide during the cleaning process can be recycled and filtered for use, effectively reducing the cost loss of potato cleaning and achieving a win-win situation for economic and environmental benefits.

[0016] 3. By adding and setting up a low-temperature embrittlement mechanism, before peeling the potatoes after cleaning, this mechanism uses low-temperature treatment to process the potatoes. On the one hand, this processing method can make the potato skin automatically crack due to embrittlement, and only a slight external force is required to peel it during friction, reducing the difficulty of subsequent skin removal. On the other hand, the freezing treatment converts some starch into resistant starch, making the subsequent processed products more elastic and reducing the oil absorption rate. At the same time, the quick-freezing process can inhibit the enzymatic browning inside the potatoes, so that the color of the potatoes after thawing is more stable, extending the shelf life of potato products.

[0017] 4. By adding and setting up an epidermis removal mechanism, when peeling the potatoes treated by low-temperature embrittlement, this mechanism first uses high-temperature steam spraying technology to accurately and evenly heat the potato skin, prompting the potato skin in the low-temperature state to quickly thaw. The heated skin and the low-temperature potatoes inside form a significant temperature difference, and the change in structural stress reduces the toughness and increases the brittleness of the skin, greatly weakening the binding force with the potato body, making it easier to fall off. Subsequently, this mechanism further peels the skin through a friction removal method. Since the inside of the potato always maintains a low-temperature frozen state and has a hard and stable texture, it can effectively resist external force impacts during the friction process, avoiding damage to the potato body or material waste caused by excessive friction. This dual processing mechanism not only ensures the thoroughness of epidermis removal but also maximally retains the edible part of the potatoes, significantly improving the raw material utilization rate and reducing processing losses compared with traditional single peeling processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a front-side structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a rear-side structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing tank of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the rotating seat of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the top strip-shaped sieve plate of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first inclined guiding plate of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the first inclined guiding plate of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting seat of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. Processing box; 2. PLC controller; 3. Pressure monitoring regulator; 4. Feeding hopper; 5. Rotating seat; 6. Jacketed heat exchanger; 7. Temporary storage box; 8. Discharge port; 9. Driver; 10. Liquid nitrogen storage box; 11. Carbon dioxide storage box; 12. Filter; 13. Condenser; 14. Delivery pump; 15. Plunger high-pressure pump; 16. Top strip-shaped sieve plate; 17. Connecting column; 18. Vibration generator; 19. Processing chamber; 20. Partition plate; 21. First spraying seat; 22. First inclined guiding plate; 23. Groove; 24. Second inclined guiding plate; 25. Second spraying seat; 26. Steam generator; 27. Mounting seat; 28. Rotating closing plate; 29. Bottom strip-shaped sieve plate; 30. Rubber layer; 31. Columnar barrier strip; 32. Magnetic closing seat; 33. Control sensor; 34. Electromagnet; 35. Inclined wall; 36. Processing flow channel; 37. Friction roller. Specific embodiments

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 3 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a pretreatment processing device for agricultural products, including a processing box 1, in which three partition plates 20 are equidistantly arranged, and the partition plates 20 divide the interior of the processing box 1 into four processing chambers 19 of the same size; the four processing chambers 19 are successively the first processing chamber 19, the second processing chamber 19, the third processing chamber 19, and the fourth processing chamber 19; Please refer to the attached Figure 4 - attached Figure 5 , a preliminary separation mechanism, which is arranged in the first processing chamber 19 and is used for preliminarily separating the soil attached to the surface of the potatoes input into the processing box 1; The preliminary separation mechanism includes a feeding hopper 4. The upper middle part of one side of the processing box 1 is fixedly connected with the feeding hopper 4. The upper middle part of one side of the processing box 1 close to the feeding hopper 4 is rotatably connected with a rotating seat 5. A plurality of rotating closing plates 28 are circumferentially arranged among the rotating seats 5, and the rotating closing plates 28 are arranged in a cross shape.

[0022] When the preliminary separation mechanism is started, the staff puts the potatoes dug out from the soil into the feeding hopper 4 on the processing box 1. The potatoes entering the feeding hopper 4 are affected by the inner wall of the hopper and roll to impact the rotating closing plates 28 in the rotating seat 5, so as to preliminarily separate the soil on the potatoes. Then, when the weight of the potatoes in the rotating closing plate 28 exceeds a certain limit value, the potatoes on the rotating closing plate 28 drive the rotating closing plates 28 and the potatoes thereon in the rotating seat 5 to rotate, so that the potatoes on the rotating closing plate 28 rotate into the first processing cavity 19. At the same time, after rotation, another part of the rotating closing plates 28 will re-close the processing cavity 19 inside the processing box 1, and so on, so as to complete the continuous feeding process of the potato raw materials.

[0023] The preliminary separation mechanism further includes a top strip-shaped sieve plate 16. The top strip-shaped sieve plate 16 is arranged in the upper middle part inside the first processing cavity 19. A bottom strip-shaped sieve plate 29 is arranged at the bottom of the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16. Connecting columns 17 are arranged on both sides at the bottom of the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16, and the bottom ends of the connecting columns 17 are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate 29. Rubber layers 30 are arranged on the surfaces of the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16 and the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate 29. Vibration generators 18 are arranged on both sides at the bottom end of the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate 29.

[0024] When the potatoes on the rotating closing plate 28 roll and fall onto the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16 in the first processing cavity 19, affected by the weight of the potatoes, when the potatoes fall onto the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16, the remaining soil on the potatoes is separated again by the falling impact, and at the same time, the rubber layer 30 on the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16 protects the potatoes, so as to prevent the skin of the potatoes from being damaged by bumping during the falling process.

[0025] Then the vibration generators 18 on the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate 29 are started, and the vibration generated by them is conducted to the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16 through the connecting columns 17, so as to accelerate the separation process of the soil on the surface of the potatoes on the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16. Then, the soil and other impurities separated from the surface of the potatoes fall into the bottom of the first processing cavity 19 through the strip-shaped grooves on the top strip-shaped sieve plate 16 and the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate 29 for collection, so as to complete the preliminary separation process before processing the potato products.

[0026] Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 and appendix Figure 6 - Appendix Figure 7, a waste-free cleaning mechanism, which is arranged inside the second treatment chamber 19 and is used to clean the potatoes again after the preliminary separation mechanism has finished processing; The waste-free cleaning mechanism includes an inclined guide plate 22. The middle part of the inner side of the second treatment chamber 19 is fixedly connected with the inclined guide plate 22. A spray seat 21 is arranged in the middle of the top of the inner side of the second treatment chamber 19. One side of the middle part at the back of the treatment box 1 is provided with a carbon dioxide storage tank 11, and the carbon dioxide inside the carbon dioxide storage tank 11 is in a liquid state. One side of the upper middle part at the back of the treatment box 1 is provided with a plunger high-pressure pump 15. One side of the middle and rear part of the top of the treatment box 1 is provided with a temporary storage tank 7. The middle part of the outer wall of the temporary storage tank 7 is provided with a jacketed heat exchanger 6. The liquid inlet of the plunger high-pressure pump 15 is communicated with the inside of the carbon dioxide storage tank 11 through a connecting pipe, and the liquid outlet of the plunger high-pressure pump 15 is communicated with the inside of the temporary storage tank 7 through a connecting pipe. The inside of the temporary storage tank 7 is communicated with the inside of the spray seat 21 through a connecting pipe.

[0027] When the waste-free cleaning mechanism is started, the potatoes after being processed by the preliminary separation mechanism fall onto the surface of the inclined guide plate 22 on the second treatment chamber 19 and roll. Affected by the surface inclination and the cylindrical barrier strips 31 on it, the rolling speed of the potatoes is slowed down. At this time, the liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank 11 is pumped and transported into the temporary storage tank 7 on the treatment box 1 through the plunger high-pressure pump 15, and then the liquid carbon dioxide entering the temporary storage tank 7 is heated and raised to the critical temperature through the jacketed heat exchanger 6 on it to form a supercritical fluid. Then, the supercritical fluid in the temporary storage tank 7 is input into the spray seat 21 in the second treatment chamber 19 through a connecting pipe and sprayed out, so as to spray on the surface of the potatoes on the inclined guide plate 22. After contacting the potatoes, the supercritical fluid uses its high diffusivity to penetrate into the tiny gaps between the potato skin and the soil.

[0028] The waste-free cleaning mechanism further includes cylindrical barrier strips 31. A plurality of cylindrical barrier strips 31 are equidistantly arranged on the upper surface of the inclined guide plate 22. A plurality of groups of slots 23 are equidistantly opened on the inclined guide plate 22. Magnetic closing seats 32 are arranged inside the inclined guide plate 22 near the slots 23. A plurality of electromagnets 34 and control sensors 33 are equidistantly arranged inside the inclined guide plate 22, and the electromagnets 34 are arranged on the side close to the magnetic closing seats 32. The PLC controller 2 and the pressure monitoring regulator 3 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom on one side of the middle part of the front side of the treatment box 1.

[0029] The pressure monitoring regulator 3 on the simultaneous processing box 1 monitors the pressure in the second processing chamber 19 in real time, and then the PLC controller 2 controls the internal pressure thereof, so as to perform periodic pressure adjustment on the inside thereof, so that the volume of supercritical carbon dioxide diffused and penetrated into the gaps between the potato skin and the soil expands rapidly, thereby generating an impact force similar to air explosion to peel off the soil particles on the potato surface.

[0030] Then, the soil peeled off from the potato surface and carrying supercritical carbon dioxide falls into the bottom of the second processing chamber 19 through the slot 23 on the inclined guide plate 1 22. After that, the staff sends a control signal to the control sensor 33 in the inclined guide plate 1 22 through the control device. The control sensor 33 receiving the control signal changes the magnetism on the electromagnet 34, so that the magnetism between the magnetic sealing seat 32 and the electromagnet 34 is the same sex. According to the principle that like magnets repel and opposite magnets attract, the magnetic repulsion force generated between the magnetic sealing seat 32 and the electromagnet 34 pushes the magnetic sealing seat 32 into the slot 23, thereby closing the slot 23 on the inclined guide plate 1 22, and at the same time forming a closed chamber at the bottom of the second processing chamber 19.

[0031] The waste-free cleaning mechanism further includes a filter 12. The filter 12 is arranged on one side of the middle part at the bottom rear of the processing box 1. A condenser 13 is arranged on one side of the middle part at the rear of the processing box 1. One end of the filter 12 is communicated with the bottom of the second processing chamber 19 through a connecting pipe, the other end of the filter 12 is communicated with the air inlet of the condenser 13 through a connecting pipe, and the liquid outlet of the condenser 13 is communicated with the inside of the carbon dioxide storage tank 11 through a connecting pipe.

[0032] After that, the PLC controller 2 controls the pressure monitoring regulator 3 to reduce the pressure in the closed chamber at the bottom of the second processing chamber 19, so that the carbon dioxide liquid in the chamber at the bottom of the second processing chamber 19 is vaporized through pressure reduction. After vaporization, the carbon dioxide is separated from the soil thereon. Then, the vaporized carbon dioxide is filtered through the filter 12 on the processing box 1 and enters the condenser 13 for condensation treatment. The carbon dioxide liquid after being condensed and liquefied by the condenser 13 returns to the carbon dioxide storage tank 11 through the connecting pipe for storage and standby, thereby completing the re-cleaning treatment of the potatoes, and no other waste is generated after the cleaning treatment.

[0033] The low-temperature embrittlement mechanism is arranged in the third processing chamber 19 and is used for performing low-temperature embrittlement treatment on the potatoes after being processed by the waste-free cleaning mechanism before peeling; The low-temperature embrittlement mechanism includes an inclined guiding plate II 24. The middle and lower part inside the third treatment chamber 19 is fixedly connected with the inclined guiding plate II 24. The middle part at the top of the third treatment chamber 19 is provided with a spraying seat II 25. One side of the middle and lower part at the back end of the treatment box 1 is provided with a liquid nitrogen storage tank 10. One side of the middle and upper part at the back end of the treatment box 1 is provided with a delivery pump 14. The liquid inlet of the delivery pump 14 is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen storage tank 10 through a connecting pipe, and the liquid outlet of the delivery pump 14 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the spraying seat II 25 through a connecting pipe.

[0034] When the low-temperature embrittlement mechanism is started, the potatoes after being processed by the waste-free cleaning mechanism roll onto the inclined guiding plate II 24 in the third treatment chamber 19. At the same time, the rolling speed of the potatoes is slowed down by the influence of the surface inclination of the inclined guiding plate II 24 and the cylindrical blocking strips 31 thereon. At this time, the delivery pump 14 on the treatment box 1 is started. The delivery pump 14 pumps and transports the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank 10 through a connecting pipe, and transports the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank 10 into the spraying seat II 25 in the third treatment chamber 19.

[0035] Then, it is sprayed onto the surface of the potatoes after cleaning on the inclined guiding plate II 24 through the spraying seat II 25. After the potatoes come into contact with the sprayed liquid nitrogen, the moisture under their epidermis quickly freezes and collides, and at the same time activates the pectin methylesterase of the potatoes themselves, facilitating subsequent peeling and also inhibiting enzymatic browning, thereby completing the low-temperature embrittlement treatment of the potatoes before peeling.

[0036] Please refer to the appendix Figure 8 , the epidermis removal mechanism, which is arranged inside the fourth treatment chamber 19 and is used for removing the epidermis of the potatoes before processing after being processed by the low-temperature embrittlement mechanism.

[0037] The epidermis removal mechanism includes a mounting seat 27. The mounting seat 27 is arranged at the bottom end of the fourth treatment chamber 19. A steam generator 26 is arranged in the middle of the bottom end on the side of the partition plate 20 away from the feed hopper 4. An inclined wall 35 is arranged on the top of the mounting seat 27 close to the steam generator 26. A treatment flow channel 36 is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the mounting seat 27. A plurality of friction rollers 37 are equidistantly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the treatment flow channel 36. A driver 9 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the back end of the treatment box 1 and is used to drive the plurality of friction rollers 37 in the treatment flow channel 36 to rotate synchronously. An outlet 8 is opened at the bottom end of the side of the treatment box 1 away from the feed hopper 4, and the outlet 8 is communicated with the inside of the treatment flow channel 36.

[0038] When the skin removal mechanism is started, when the potatoes processed by the low-temperature embrittlement mechanism roll onto the inclined wall 35 of the mounting seat 27 in the fourth processing chamber 19, the steam generator 26 in the fourth processing chamber 19 is started. The steam generator 26 sprays high-temperature steam on the surface of the potatoes during the rolling process, so as to complete the thawing treatment of the quick-frozen potatoes. After thawing, the ice crystals under the potato skin expand and burst the cell structure of the potato skin, thus facilitating the subsequent skin separation treatment.

[0039] Then the processed potatoes enter the processing flow channel 36 in the mounting seat 27. At this time, the driver 9 on the processing box 1 drives the friction roller 37 in the processing flow channel 36. During the rotation of the friction roller 37, the potato skin rolling in the processing flow channel 36 is frictionally removed. Finally, the potatoes after friction removal are discharged through the discharge port 8 on the processing box 1 and collected in the collection equipment for centralized collection, so as to complete the skin removal treatment before the processing of potato products.

[0040] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Pretreatment processing equipment for agricultural products, characterized in that, including, a processing box (1), inside which three partition plates (20) are equidistantly arranged, and the partition plates (20) divide the interior of the processing box (1) into four processing chambers (19) of the same size; the four processing chambers (19) are in sequence the first processing chamber (19), the second processing chamber (19), the third processing chamber (19) and the fourth processing chamber (19); a preliminary separation mechanism, which is arranged inside the first processing chamber (19) and is used for preliminarily separating the soil attached to the surface of the potatoes input into the processing box (1); a waste-free cleaning mechanism, which is arranged inside the second processing chamber (19) and is used for cleaning the potatoes again after the preliminary separation mechanism finishes processing; a low-temperature embrittlement mechanism, which is arranged inside the third processing chamber (19) and is used for performing low-temperature embrittlement treatment on the potatoes before peeling after the waste-free cleaning mechanism finishes processing; an epidermis removal mechanism, which is arranged inside the fourth processing chamber (19) and is used for removing the epidermis of the potatoes before processing after the low-temperature embrittlement mechanism finishes processing.

2. The preprocessing and processing equipment for agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preliminary separation mechanism includes a feed hopper (4), the upper middle part of one side of the processing box (1) is fixedly connected with the feed hopper (4), the upper middle part of one side of the processing box (1) close to the feed hopper (4) is rotatably connected with a rotating seat (5), a plurality of rotating closing plates (28) are circumferentially arranged among the rotating seats (5), and the rotating closing plates (28) are arranged in a cross shape.

3. The preprocessing and processing equipment for agricultural products according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preliminary separation mechanism further includes a top strip-shaped sieve plate (16), the upper middle part inside the first processing chamber (19) is provided with the top strip-shaped sieve plate (16), a bottom strip-shaped sieve plate (29) is arranged at the bottom of the top strip-shaped sieve plate (16), connecting columns (17) are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the top strip-shaped sieve plate (16), the bottom ends of the connecting columns (17) are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate (29), rubber layers (30) are arranged on the surfaces of the top strip-shaped sieve plate (16) and the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate (29), and vibration generators (18) are arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the bottom strip-shaped sieve plate (29).

4. The preprocessing and processing equipment for agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste-free cleaning mechanism includes an inclined guiding plate one (22), the middle part inside the second processing chamber (19) is fixedly connected with the inclined guiding plate one (22), a spraying seat one (21) is arranged in the middle of the top inside the second processing chamber (19), a carbon dioxide storage tank (11) is arranged on one side of the middle part at the back of the processing box (1), and the carbon dioxide inside the carbon dioxide storage tank (11) is in a liquid state. A plunger high-pressure pump (15) is arranged on one side of the upper middle part at the back of the processing box (1), a temporary storage tank (7) is arranged on one side of the middle and rear part of the top of the processing box (1), a jacketed heat exchanger (6) is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the temporary storage tank (7), the liquid inlet of the plunger high-pressure pump (15) is communicated with the inside of the carbon dioxide storage tank (11) through a connecting pipe, the liquid outlet of the plunger high-pressure pump (15) is communicated with the inside of the temporary storage tank (7) through a connecting pipe, and the inside of the temporary storage tank (7) is communicated with the inside of the spraying seat one (21) through a connecting pipe.

5. The preprocessing and processing equipment for agricultural products according to claim 4, characterized in that, The waste-free cleaning mechanism further includes cylindrical barrier strips (31). A plurality of cylindrical barrier strips (31) are equidistantly arranged on the upper surface of the first inclined guide plate (22). A plurality of groups of slots (23) are equidistantly formed in the first inclined guide plate (22). Magnetic closing seats (32) are arranged at positions inside the first inclined guide plate (22) close to the slots (23). A plurality of electromagnets (34) and control sensors (33) are equidistantly arranged inside the first inclined guide plate (22), and the electromagnets (34) are arranged on one side close to the magnetic closing seats (32). A PLC controller (2) and a pressure monitoring regulator (3) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom on one side of the middle part of the front side of the processing box (1).

6. The preprocessing and processing equipment for agricultural products according to claim 5, characterized in that, The waste-free cleaning mechanism further includes a filter (12). The filter (12) is arranged on one side of the middle part of the bottom end of the rear side of the processing box (1). A condenser (13) is arranged on one side of the middle part of the rear side of the processing box (1). One end of the filter (12) is communicated with the bottom of the second processing chamber (19) through a connecting pipe. The other end of the filter (12) is communicated with the air inlet of the condenser (13) through a connecting pipe. The liquid outlet of the condenser (13) is communicated with the inside of the carbon dioxide storage tank (11) through a connecting pipe.

7. The preprocessing and processing equipment for agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature embrittlement mechanism includes a second inclined guide plate (24). The second inclined guide plate (24) is fixedly connected to the middle and lower part inside the third processing chamber (19). A second spraying seat (25) is arranged in the middle of the top end of the third processing chamber (19). A liquid nitrogen storage tank (10) is arranged on one side of the middle and lower part of the rear end of the processing box (1). A delivery pump (14) is arranged on one side of the middle and upper part of the rear end of the processing box (1). The liquid inlet of the delivery pump (14) is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen storage tank (10) through a connecting pipe. The liquid outlet of the delivery pump (14) is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second spraying seat (25) through a connecting pipe.

8. The preprocessing and processing equipment for agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The epidermis removal mechanism includes a mounting seat (27). The mounting seat (27) is arranged at the bottom end of the fourth processing chamber (19). A steam generator (26) is arranged at the middle part of the bottom end of the side of the partition plate (20) away from the feed hopper (4). An inclined wall (35) is arranged on one side of the top end of the mounting seat (27) close to the steam generator (26). A processing flow channel (36) is arranged in the middle of the inside of the mounting seat (27). A plurality of friction rollers (37) are equidistantly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the processing flow channel (36). A driver (9) is arranged on one side of the bottom of the rear end of the processing box (1) for driving the plurality of friction rollers (37) inside the processing flow channel (36) to rotate synchronously. An outlet (8) is formed at the bottom end of the side of the processing box (1) away from the feed hopper (4), and the outlet (8) is communicated with the inside of the processing flow channel (36).

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