Activation system and activation method for catalyst bed mesh

Abstract

The invention provides an activation system and an activation method for a catalyst bed mesh, and relates to the technical field of aerospace propulsion system engines. According to the activation system of the catalytic bed mesh, the catalytic bed mesh is used for catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and the activation system comprises a liquid inlet device, an activation tool and a temperature control device; the liquid inlet device is communicated with the activation tool and is used for conveying activation liquid into the activation tool; the activation tool is arranged in the temperature control device, and the temperature control device is used for controlling the temperature of the activation tool; wherein a reaction chamber is arranged in the activation tool and is used for receiving an activation solution and accommodating a catalyst bed mesh and carrying out an activation reaction. By using the activation system and the activation method provided by the invention, the catalytic decomposition rate of the catalytic bed mesh to hydrogen peroxide can be increased after activation, and after the activated catalytic bed mesh is assembled into the mesh-based catalytic bed, the starting speed of the mesh-based catalytic bed is obviously increased; therefore, the ignition starting delay of the hydrogen peroxide rocket engine is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aerospace propulsion system engines, and particularly relates to an activation system and an activation method for a catalytic bed mesh. Background Art

[0002] As a non-toxic and pollution-free clean oxidant, the catalytic decomposition products of hydrogen peroxide are only oxygen and water vapor. When combined with a catalytic bed, high-temperature oxygen-rich gas can be quickly generated. Therefore, it has key application value in the catalytic ignition of single-component / double-component engines and solid-liquid rocket engines.

[0003] Currently, hydrogen peroxide is generally catalytically decomposed using a mesh-based catalytic bed. Inside the mesh-based catalytic bed, multiple groups of catalytic bed meshes coated with catalytic active components are usually arranged. These catalytic bed meshes are stacked and pressed tightly to form porous channels. When hydrogen peroxide flows through the channels, it can come into contact with the surface of the catalytic bed meshes and undergo a catalytic decomposition reaction, catalytically decomposing into oxygen and water vapor and releasing heat to heat the catalytic bed, thereby accelerating the catalytic decomposition rate. Hydrogen peroxide continues to flow until it is completely decomposed into high-temperature water vapor and oxygen.

[0004] However, the initial catalytic activity of traditional catalytic meshes after preparation is relatively low, that is, the first catalytic decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide under the catalytic action of the catalytic mesh is relatively slow, and the overall response time of the mesh-based catalytic bed is relatively long, resulting in a relatively high initial ignition start-up delay for hydrogen peroxide rocket engines.

[0005] In view of this, the present application is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides an activation system and an activation method for a catalytic bed mesh, aiming to solve the catalytic activity of the catalytic mesh in the prior art.

[0007] In the first aspect of the present application, an activation system for a catalytic bed mesh is provided. The catalytic bed mesh is used for the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The activation system includes: a liquid inlet device, an activation tooling, and a temperature control device; the liquid inlet device is communicated with the activation tooling, and the liquid inlet device is used to convey an activation liquid into the activation tooling; the activation tooling is arranged inside the temperature control device, and the temperature control device is used to control the temperature of the activation tooling; wherein, a reaction chamber is arranged inside the activation tooling for receiving the activation liquid, accommodating the catalytic bed mesh, and performing an activation reaction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the activation tooling includes: a housing, a cartridge, and a top cover; a receiving cavity is formed inside the housing; the cartridge is at least partially arranged inside the receiving cavity, and the cartridge forms a reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is communicated with the receiving cavity; the top cover covers the top of the housing and is detachably connected to the housing, and an activation liquid inlet is opened on the top cover, and the activation liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid inlet device and is also communicated with the reaction chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments, the top cover includes: a side surrounding portion, a top plate portion and a partition portion; the side surrounding portion encloses a cavity, and the top of the shell at least partially extends into the cavity and is detachably connected to the side surrounding portion; the top plate portion is arranged at the top of the cavity and is connected to the side surrounding portion; the partition portion is arranged in the cavity, is spaced apart from the top plate portion in the height direction, and is connected to the side surrounding portion; wherein, a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the top plate portion and the partition portion, and the ventilation holes are connected to the reaction chamber; the activation liquid inlet is provided on the side surrounding portion and is located between the top plate portion and the partition portion in the height direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, a liquid discharge port is provided at one end of the shell away from the top cover, and the liquid discharge port is connected to the receiving cavity; the side walls and bottom walls of the barrel are spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell, and the side walls and bottom walls of the barrel are provided with multiple through holes connected to the receiving cavity.

[0011] In some embodiments, a liquid level gauge is provided on the top cover, which is used to detect the liquid level of the activation liquid in the reaction chamber; a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are also provided on the shell, and the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are arranged at intervals along the height direction. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature at the top of the reaction chamber, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature at the bottom of the reaction chamber.

[0012] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet device includes: a booster component, an activation liquid storage tank and a liquid inlet component; the activation liquid storage tank is used to store the activation liquid; the booster component is connected to the activation liquid storage tank and is used to adjust the internal pressure of the activation liquid storage tank; the liquid inlet component is connected to the activation tooling and the activation liquid storage tank respectively, and the liquid inlet component is used to receive the activation liquid discharged from the activation liquid storage tank and transport the activation liquid into the reaction chamber; the liquid inlet component is configured to filter impurities in the activation liquid and regulate the flow rate of the activation liquid.

[0013] In some embodiments, the activation liquid tank is provided with a tank temperature sensor and a tank pressure sensor.

[0014] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet assembly includes: a filter, a liquid inlet solenoid valve, a flowmeter, an adjustable venturi and a one-way valve connected in sequence, the liquid inlet of the filter is connected to the activation liquid storage tank, and the one-way valve is connected to the activation tooling; wherein, a filling valve is also provided between the filter and the activation liquid storage tank, and the filling valve is used to connect to an external liquid supply device to supply activation liquid to the activation liquid storage tank.

[0015] In some embodiments, the boosting assembly includes: a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pressure reducer, and a boosting solenoid valve connected in sequence, the boosting solenoid valve is connected to the activation liquid tank; and a safety valve disposed between the boosting solenoid valve and the activation liquid tank.

[0016] In some embodiments, the temperature control device includes a constant temperature chamber, a heat exchanger, and a fan; the constant temperature chamber is used to accommodate the activation tooling to isolate the activation tooling from the external environmental temperature; the heat exchanger and the fan are both arranged in the constant temperature chamber to control the temperature of the activation tooling.

[0017] In some embodiments, it further includes a liquid discharge device, and the liquid discharge device includes a liquid discharge solenoid valve and a waste liquid pool communicated with the liquid discharge solenoid valve, and the liquid discharge solenoid valve is communicated with the liquid discharge port.

[0018] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for activating a catalytic bed mesh, which uses the activation system as described above to perform at least one of the following activation method steps. The steps include: placing the catalytic bed mesh to be activated into the reaction chamber of the activation tooling; controlling the temperature of the activation tooling to a target temperature value based on the temperature control device; controlling the liquid inlet device to inject an activation liquid into the reaction chamber to perform an activation reaction to obtain an activated catalytic bed mesh.

[0019] In some embodiments, the activation liquid is selected from any one of a hydrogen peroxide solution and an oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide; optionally, the oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide includes at least one of a nitric acid solution or a nitrate solution; optionally, the nitrate solution includes at least one of samarium nitrate, cerium nitrate, or lanthanum nitrate; optionally, the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 50% - 98%; optionally, the mass percentage of the solute in the oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide is 10% - 30%.

[0020] In some embodiments, when the activation liquid is a hydrogen peroxide solution, controlling the liquid inlet device to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber to perform an activation reaction includes: controlling the liquid inlet device to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber at intervals to perform multiple activation reactions, and cooling the obtained mesh material after each activation reaction. After the activation reaction is carried out 5 - 20 times, an activated catalytic bed mesh is obtained.

[0021] In some embodiments, when cooling the obtained mesh material after each activation reaction, the cooling rate is controlled to be 10 - 20 °C / min; optionally, the target temperature value is 10 - 25 °C.

[0022] In some embodiments, when the activation liquid is an oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide, controlling the liquid inlet device to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber to perform an activation reaction includes: controlling the liquid inlet device to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber, performing a first activation reaction on the catalytic bed mesh to be activated under the condition of a first target temperature value to obtain a pre-activated mesh material; discharging the activation liquid in the reaction chamber, and performing a second activation reaction on the pre-activated mesh material under the condition of a second target temperature value, and obtaining an activated catalytic bed mesh after cooling treatment.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first target temperature value is less than the second target temperature value; optionally, the first target temperature value is 15 to 30 °C; optionally, the second target temperature value is 200 to 300 °C; optionally, the reaction time of the first activation reaction is 30 to 60 min; optionally, the reaction time of the second activation reaction is 60 min to 180 min; optionally, the cooling rate of the cooling treatment is controlled to be 10 to 20 °C / min.

[0024] In some embodiments, before placing the catalytic bed mesh to be activated into the reaction chamber of the activation tooling, it further includes: cleaning the surface of the catalytic bed mesh, drying the material obtained after the cleaning treatment in an inert atmosphere, and obtaining the catalytic bed mesh to be activated after cooling.

[0025] The activation system and activation method for the catalytic bed mesh provided by the present application at least have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Through the structural design of the activation system, the activation system is mainly composed of a liquid inlet device, an activation tooling, a temperature control device, etc. Among them, the activation tooling is connected to the liquid inlet device, the activation tooling is arranged in the temperature control device, a reaction chamber is arranged in the activation tooling, and the activation liquid conveyed by the liquid inlet device can be conveyed into the reaction chamber, so that the catalytic bed mesh in the reaction chamber undergoes an activation reaction with the activation liquid under the action of the temperature control device. After being activated, the catalytic bed mesh can greatly improve the catalytic decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide. The time for the catalytic mesh of unit mass (g) to decompose hydrogen peroxide satisfies ≥0.3 to 0.5 ml / s. After the activated catalytic bed mesh is assembled into the mesh-based catalytic bed, the first response time of the mesh-based catalytic bed is significantly shortened, and the starting speed is significantly increased, so as to effectively reduce the ignition start delay of the hydrogen peroxide rocket engine.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the activation system and activation method for the catalytic bed mesh provided by the present application will be elaborated in detail in the subsequent specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the activation system provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the activation tooling provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0032] 100, activation system;

[0033] 10, liquid inlet device; 11, pressurization assembly; 11a, high-pressure gas cylinder; 11b, pressure reducer; 11c, pressurization solenoid valve; 11d, safety valve; 12, activation liquid storage tank; 12a, tank temperature sensor; 12b, tank pressure sensor; 13, liquid inlet assembly; 13a, filter; 13b, liquid inlet solenoid valve; 13c, flowmeter; 13d, adjustable venturi tube; 13e, check valve; 14, filling valve;

[0034] 20, activation tooling; 21, housing; 21a, receiving cavity; 21b, drain port; 22, cartridge; 22a, through hole; 23, top cover; 23a, activation liquid inlet; 23b, side wall part; 23c, top plate part; 23d, partition part; 23e, vent hole; 24, liquid level gauge; 25, first temperature sensor; 26, second temperature sensor;

[0035] 30, temperature control device; 31, constant temperature chamber; 32, heat exchanger; 33, fan;

[0036] 40, liquid discharge device; 41, liquid discharge solenoid valve; 42, waste liquid pool. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, when terms such as "center", "inside", "outside", "axial direction", "radial direction", "circumferential direction" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, without special explanation, it is understood as the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0038] In addition, features defined with "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the defined features. When the description "a plurality of" appears, it generally means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0039] It should be noted that the catalytic bed mesh in the embodiments of the present application is a metal wire mesh with an active component plated on the surface. The active component, as a catalyst for the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, can be selected from at least one of silver, platinum, palladium, iridium or ruthenium, and preferably silver.

[0040] As described above, since the startup speed of the network-based catalytic bed is the key factor restricting the startup delay of the hydrogen peroxide rocket engine, the general inventive concept of this application provides an activation system 100 for the catalytic bed mesh. Through the structural design of the activation system 100, the catalytic bed mesh can be activated by the activation system 100, so that the catalytic bed mesh is transformed into a highly active state that is more conducive to the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, so as to shorten the overall response time of the network-based catalytic bed equipped with this catalytic bed mesh, improve the startup speed, and thus effectively reduce the ignition startup delay of the hydrogen peroxide rocket engine.

[0041] Based on the above concept, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 as shown, Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the activation system provided according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the activation tooling provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] An embodiment of the present application provides an activation system 100 for a catalytic bed mesh. The catalytic bed mesh is used for the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The activation system 100 includes: a liquid inlet device 10, an activation tooling 20, and a temperature control device 30; the liquid inlet device 10 is communicated with the activation tooling 20, and the liquid inlet device 10 is used to transport the activation liquid into the activation tooling 20; the activation tooling 20 is arranged in the temperature control device 30, and the temperature control device 30 is used to control the temperature of the activation tooling 20; wherein, a reaction chamber is arranged in the activation tooling 20 to receive the activation liquid, accommodate the catalytic bed mesh, and carry out an activation reaction.

[0043] Through the structural design of the activation system 100, the catalytic bed mesh can be placed in the reaction chamber of the activation tooling 20, and the liquid inlet device 10 can introduce the activation liquid into the activation tooling 20, so that the catalytic bed mesh can be in contact with the activation liquid. Since the activation tooling 20 is arranged in the temperature control device 30, the temperature control device 30 can adjust the temperature of the activation tooling 20 to meet the reaction temperature requirements during the activation reaction of the catalytic bed mesh, and then realize the activation reaction of the catalytic bed mesh; after the metal catalyst on the surface of the catalytic bed mesh and the activation liquid keep in contact reaction at a certain temperature for a period of time, the surface of the catalyst becomes a highly active state, which can greatly increase the catalytic decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide, so as to shorten the overall response time of the network-based catalytic bed and effectively reduce the ignition startup delay of the hydrogen peroxide rocket engine.

[0044] Refer to Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the activation tooling 20 includes: a shell 21, a barrel 22 and a top cover 23; a receiving chamber 21a is formed in the shell 21; the barrel 22 is at least partially disposed in the receiving chamber 21a, and the barrel 22 forms a reaction chamber, which is communicated with the receiving chamber 21a; the top cover 23 is disposed on the top of the shell 21 and is detachably connected to the shell 21, and an activation liquid inlet 23a is provided on the top cover 23, and the activation liquid inlet 23a is communicated with the liquid inlet device 10 and the reaction chamber.

[0045] The activation tooling 20 in the embodiment of the present application serves as a reaction vessel for the activation reaction of the catalytic bed mesh, and is mainly composed of a shell 21, a barrel 22 and a top cover 23; specifically, the shell 21 can be a cylindrical structure to form a receiving chamber 21a, and the receiving chamber 21a, the shell 21 is designed with an opening at the top, and the barrel 22 is placed in the receiving chamber 21a through the opening; the barrel 22 forms a reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is connected to the receiving chamber 21a, so that the activation liquid in the reaction chamber can enter the receiving chamber 21a, so as to facilitate the discharge of the activation liquid in the reaction chamber after the activation reaction is completed; the top cover 23 is provided on the open top of the shell 21, and is detachably connected to the shell 21, so as to facilitate the placement and removal of the catalytic bed mesh from the reaction chamber, and an activation liquid inlet 23a is provided on the top cover 23, and the activation liquid inlet 23a is connected to the liquid inlet device 10 and is connected to the reaction chamber, so that the activation liquid transported by the liquid inlet device 10 can enter the reaction chamber and perform an activation reaction with the catalytic bed mesh.

[0046] In some embodiments, the top cover 23 includes: a side enclosure 23b, a top plate 23c and a partition 23d; the side enclosure 23b forms a cavity, and the top of the shell 21 at least partially extends into the cavity and is detachably connected to the side enclosure 23b; the top plate 23c is arranged at the top of the cavity and is connected to the side enclosure 23b; the partition 23d is arranged in the cavity, and is spaced apart from the top plate 23c in the height direction and is connected to the side enclosure 23b; wherein, a plurality of ventilation holes 23e are provided on the top plate 23c and the partition 23d, and the ventilation holes 23e are connected to the reaction chamber; the activation liquid inlet 23a is provided on the side enclosure 23b, and is located between the top plate 23c and the partition 23d in the height direction.

[0047] The top cover 23 in the embodiment of the present application includes a side wall portion 23b, a top plate portion 23c, and a partition portion 23d. The side wall portion 23b is similar to a cylindrical structure to enclose a cavity. The top plate portion 23c is connected to the top of the side wall portion 23b. The partition portion 23d is disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into two sub-chambers. The partition portion 23d and the top plate portion 23c are arranged at intervals in the height direction and are connected to the side wall portion 23b. The inner diameter of the side wall portion 23b at one end facing the housing 21 can be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the housing 21, so that the top of the housing 21 can extend into the cavity and be threadedly connected to the inner wall of the side wall portion 23b. The top of the cartridge 22 extends radially outward, so that the top of the cartridge 22 can be hung on the top of the housing 21 and abuts against the partition portion 23d.

[0048] A plurality of ventilation holes 23e are formed in both the top plate portion 23c and the partition portion 23d to form a two-layer ventilation structure. Each ventilation hole 23e communicates with the reaction chamber, so that the gas generated during the activation reaction can be released through the ventilation holes 23e. The activation liquid inlet 23a is opened on the side wall portion 23b and is located between the top plate portion 23c and the partition portion 23d in the height direction, so that when the activation liquid is introduced, it can be first injected into the sub-chamber at the top of the partition portion 23d, and then enter the reaction chamber through the ventilation holes 23e of the partition portion 23d from this sub-chamber. The sub-chamber at the top of the partition portion 23d can be used as a buffer chamber when the activation liquid is introduced, to prevent the activation liquid from directly entering the reaction chamber at too high a flow rate and causing a negative reaction.

[0049] To discharge the waste liquid after the activation reaction is completed, in some embodiments, a drain port 21b is opened at one end of the housing 21 facing away from the top cover 23, and the drain port 21b communicates with the receiving cavity 21a. The side wall and the bottom wall of the cartridge 22 are both spaced from the inner wall of the housing 21, and a plurality of through holes 22a communicating with the receiving cavity 21a are opened on the side wall and the bottom wall of the cartridge 22.

[0050] It can be understood that the side wall and the bottom wall of the cartridge 22 are both spaced from the inner wall of the housing 21, and a plurality of through holes 22a communicating with the receiving cavity 21a are opened on the side wall and the bottom wall of the cartridge 22. When the activation reaction is completed, due to the spacing between the bottom wall of the cartridge 22 and the inner wall of the housing 21, the activation liquid in the reaction chamber can be completely discharged into the receiving cavity 21a through the through holes 22a and discharged through the drain port 21b at the bottom of the housing 21, so as to prevent the residual waste liquid from affecting the subsequent reaction process of the catalytic bed mesh.

[0051] In some embodiments, a liquid level gauge 24 is provided on the top cover 23, and the liquid level gauge 24 is used to detect the liquid level height of the activation liquid in the reaction chamber. A first temperature sensor 25 and a second temperature sensor 26 are also provided on the housing 21. The first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are arranged at intervals in the height direction. The first temperature sensor 25 is used to detect the temperature at the top of the reaction chamber, and the second temperature sensor 26 is used to detect the temperature at the bottom of the reaction chamber.

[0052] The liquid level gauge 24 on the top cover 23 can be specifically designed on the top plate part 23c. In the process of injecting the activation liquid into the reaction chamber in the embodiment of the present application, the liquid level height of the activation liquid in the reaction chamber should be made to exceed the height of the catalytic bed mesh as much as possible. Therefore, the liquid level gauge 24 provided on the top cover 23 can monitor the liquid level height of the activation liquid in the reaction chamber in real time, so that the liquid level height of the activation liquid in the reaction chamber can exceed the catalytic bed mesh and prevent the activation liquid from overflowing due to excessive injection.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are arranged on the housing 21 at intervals along the height direction. The first temperature sensor 25 can detect the temperature at the top of the reaction chamber, and the second temperature sensor 26 can detect the temperature at the bottom of the reaction chamber, so as to facilitate the real-time detection of the temperature at different positions in the reaction chamber. Combining with the temperature adjustment function of the temperature control device 30, the temperature in the reaction chamber can fully meet the reaction temperature requirements of the activation reaction.

[0054] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet device 10 includes: a pressurization assembly 11, an activation liquid storage tank 12 and a liquid inlet assembly 13; the activation liquid storage tank 12 is used to store the activation liquid; the pressurization assembly 11 is connected to the activation liquid storage tank 12 and is used to adjust the internal pressure of the activation liquid storage tank 12; the liquid inlet assembly 13 is respectively connected to the activation tooling 20 and the activation liquid storage tank 12, and the liquid inlet assembly 13 is used to receive the activation liquid discharged from the activation liquid storage tank 12 and transport the activation liquid into the reaction chamber; the liquid inlet assembly 13 is set to be able to filter the impurities of the activation liquid and control the flow rate of the activation liquid.

[0055] During the process of the liquid inlet device 10 injecting the activation liquid into the activation tooling 20, the pressurization assembly 11 can pressurize the activation liquid storage tank 12, so that the activation liquid in the activation liquid storage tank 12 can be transported through the liquid inlet assembly 13 into the activation liquid inlet 23a opened on the top cover 23. During the transportation of the activation liquid, the liquid inlet assembly 13 can adjust the flow rate of the activation liquid and filter the impurities of the flowing activation liquid at the same time, so as to ensure that the flow rate and purity of the activation liquid entering the reaction chamber meet the requirements of the activation reaction.

[0056] In some embodiments, a storage tank temperature sensor 12a and a storage tank pressure sensor 12b are provided on the activation liquid storage tank 12. The storage tank pressure sensor 12a can monitor the pressure in the activation liquid storage tank 12 in real time, so as to relieve the pressure through the pressurization assembly 11 when the pressure in the activation liquid storage tank 12 is too high and avoid the risk of structural rupture due to excessive pressure; the storage tank temperature sensor 12a can monitor the temperature in the activation liquid storage tank 12 in real time to know in real time whether the temperature environment in the activation liquid storage tank 12 meets the storage requirements of the activation liquid.

[0057] In some embodiments, the pressurization assembly 11 specifically includes: a high-pressure gas cylinder 11a, a pressure reducer 11b, and a pressurization solenoid valve 11c that are connected in sequence. The pressurization solenoid valve 11c is connected to the activation liquid storage tank 12; and a safety valve 11d, which is disposed between the pressurization solenoid valve 11c and the activation liquid storage tank 12.

[0058] The high-pressure gas cylinder 11a stores high-pressure inert gas. The inert gas can pressurize the activation liquid storage tank 12 through the pressure reducer 11b and the pressurization solenoid valve 11c. The safety valve 11d is disposed between the pressurization solenoid valve 11c and the activation liquid storage tank 12, and can relieve pressure when the pressure in the activation liquid storage tank 12 is too high to ensure production safety.

[0059] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet assembly 13 includes: a filter 13a, a liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b, a flow meter 13c, an adjustable venturi tube 13d, and a check valve 13e that are connected in sequence. The liquid inlet of the filter 13a is connected to the activation liquid storage tank 12, and the check valve 13e is connected to the activation tooling 20; wherein, a filling valve 14 is further disposed between the filter 13a and the activation liquid storage tank 12, and the filling valve 14 is used to connect to an external liquid supply device to supply activation liquid into the activation liquid storage tank 12.

[0060] It can be understood that the filling valve 14 is disposed between the filter 13a and the activation liquid storage tank 12, and can be connected to the external liquid supply device, so that the external liquid supply device can supply activation liquid to the activation liquid storage tank 12 through the filling valve 14. When the activation liquid storage tank 12 transports the activation liquid to the activation tooling 20, the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b is opened, and the activation liquid flows from the activation liquid storage tank 12 to the filter 13a. The filter 13a can filter out impurities contained in the flowing liquid. After being filtered by the filter 13a, the activation liquid flows into the activation tooling 20 through the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b, the flow meter 13c, the adjustable venturi tube 13d, and the check valve 13e. The flow meter 13c can detect and obtain the flow rate data of the activation liquid, and the adjustable venturi tube 13d can adjust the flow rate of the activation liquid in combination with the flow rate data of the activation liquid obtained by the flow meter 13c, so that the injection of the activation liquid can meet the activation reaction requirements in the reaction chamber; the check valve 13e can allow the activation liquid to enter the activation tooling 20 and block the gas-liquid backflow in the activation tooling 20 to prevent the materials in the activation tooling 20 from contaminating the liquid inlet device 10.

[0061] In some embodiments, the temperature control device 30 includes: a constant temperature chamber 31, a heat exchanger 32, and a fan 33; the constant temperature chamber 31 is used to accommodate the activation tooling 20 to isolate the activation tooling 20 from the external environmental temperature; the heat exchanger 32 and the fan 33 are both disposed in the constant temperature chamber 31 to control the temperature of the activation tooling 20.

[0062] The function of the temperature control device 30 is mainly to adjust the temperature of the activation tooling 20 in real time according to the temperature requirements of the activation reaction. It mainly consists of a constant temperature chamber 31, a heat exchanger 32, and a blower 33. The constant temperature chamber 31 is used to accommodate the activation tooling 20, so that the temperature of the activation tooling 20 is not affected by the external temperature. During the activation reaction, the heat exchanger 32 and the blower 33 arranged in the constant temperature chamber 31 can work together to exchange heat with the activation tooling 20, so that the temperature in the activation tooling 20 meets the reaction temperature requirements of the activation reaction.

[0063] To reduce waste liquid pollution, in some embodiments, a liquid discharge device 40 is further included. The liquid discharge device 40 includes: a liquid discharge solenoid valve 41 and a waste liquid tank 42 communicated with the liquid discharge solenoid valve 41. The liquid discharge solenoid valve 41 is communicated with the liquid discharge port 21b.

[0064] The liquid discharge device 40 includes a liquid discharge solenoid valve 41 and a waste liquid tank 42 communicated with the liquid discharge solenoid valve 41. The liquid discharge solenoid valve 41 is communicated with the liquid discharge port 21b. After the activation reaction is completed, the liquid discharge solenoid valve 41 is opened, so that the waste liquid in the activation tooling 20 can be discharged into the waste liquid tank 42 through the liquid discharge port 21b and the liquid discharge solenoid valve 41. The waste liquid tank 42 can store the waste liquid to facilitate the subsequent environmental protection treatment of the waste liquid.

[0065] Thus, through the structural design of the activation system 100 in the embodiments of the present application, the catalytic bed mesh can carry out an activation reaction with the activation liquid. After activation, the catalytic bed mesh can greatly improve the catalytic decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide. The time for the catalytic mesh per unit mass (g) to decompose hydrogen peroxide satisfies ≥0.3 - 0.5 ml / s. After the activated catalytic bed mesh is assembled into the mesh-based catalytic bed, the overall response time of the mesh-based catalytic bed is significantly shortened, and the starting speed is significantly increased, so as to effectively reduce the ignition start delay of the hydrogen peroxide rocket engine.

[0066] To realize the activation of the catalytic bed mesh, another embodiment of the present application provides an activation method for the catalytic bed mesh. Using the activation system 100 as above, at least one of the following activation method steps Ⅰ - Ⅲ is carried out. The activation method steps include:

[0067] Ⅰ. Place the catalytic bed mesh to be activated into the reaction chamber of the activation tooling 20;

[0068] Ⅱ. Based on the temperature control device 30, control the temperature of the activation tooling 20 to the target temperature value;

[0069] Ⅲ. Control the liquid inlet device 10 to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber for activation reaction to obtain the activated catalytic bed mesh.

[0070] In Step I, a single or multiple catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated can be stacked and placed into the reaction chamber of the activation tooling 20. After the catalytic bed mesh sheets enter the reaction chamber, in Step II and Step III, based on the temperature control device 30, the temperature of the activation tooling 20 is controlled to the target temperature value, and the liquid inlet device 10 is controlled to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber for activation reaction. According to the difference of the activation liquid and the mechanism of the activation reaction of the catalytic bed mesh sheets, the temperature requirements in the reaction chamber are also different. Therefore, the target temperature value can be multiple temperature values, and the temperature adjustment of the temperature control device 30 actually runs through the entire stage of the activation reaction of the catalytic bed mesh sheets; under the temperature adjustment of the temperature control device 30, the catalytic bed mesh sheets in the reaction chamber react with the activation liquid to obtain the activated catalytic bed mesh sheets.

[0071] In some embodiments, before placing the catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated into the reaction chamber of the activation tooling, the activation method steps further include: cleaning the surface of the catalytic bed mesh sheets, drying the obtained material under an inert atmosphere, and cooling to obtain the catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated.

[0072] Specifically, during the cleaning process, an organic solvent can be used to clean the surface of the catalytic bed mesh sheets, and after cleaning, water washing is carried out to remove the residual organic solvent on the mesh sheet surface. After the cleaning process, the obtained material is placed in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen for drying, that is, the moisture is removed by heating. The heating temperature can be 100-200 °C, the heating time can be 10-30 min, and then it is cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10 °C / min to obtain clean catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated, which is beneficial to the full reaction of the subsequent catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated with the activation liquid.

[0073] In some embodiments, the organic solvent during the cleaning process can be selected from at least one of ethanol, methanol, ether or propylene glycol.

[0074] In some embodiments, during the activation process of the catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated, the activation liquid is selected from any one of hydrogen peroxide solution and non-hydrogen peroxide oxidizing solution.

[0075] It should be understood that when using hydrogen peroxide solution as the activation liquid, the activation of the catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated is in-situ activation by hydrogen peroxide, that is, the catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated are soaked in a hydrogen peroxide solution with a certain concentration to increase the reaction activity of the catalytic bed mesh sheets. When using a non-hydrogen peroxide oxidizing solution as the activation liquid, the activation of the catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated is activation by an oxidizing solution, that is, the catalytic bed mesh sheets to be activated are soaked in an oxidizing solution with a certain concentration (such as nitric acid solution or nitrate solution), and after soaking, high-temperature treatment is carried out to obtain highly active catalytic bed mesh sheets.

[0076] In some embodiments, the oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide includes at least one of a nitric acid solution or a nitrate solution; the mass percentage of the solute in the oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide is 10% to 30%. For example, the mass percentage of the solute in the oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide can be 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% or any percentage value within the range of 10% to 30%.

[0077] In some embodiments, when the oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide is a nitrate solution, the nitrate solution includes at least one of samarium nitrate (Sm(NO3)3), cerium nitrate (Ce(NO3)3) or lanthanum nitrate (La(NO3)3).

[0078] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 50% to 98%. For example, the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution can be 50%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 98% or any percentage value within the range of 50% to 98%.

[0079] In some embodiments, when in-situ activation with hydrogen peroxide is adopted, that is, when the activation liquid is a hydrogen peroxide solution, controlling the liquid inlet device to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber for the activation reaction includes: controlling the liquid inlet device to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber at intervals for multiple activation reactions, and cooling the obtained mesh material after each activation reaction. After the activation reaction is carried out 5 to 20 times, the activated catalytic bed mesh is obtained.

[0080] Further, when cooling the obtained mesh material after each activation reaction, the cooling rate is controlled to be 10 to 20 °C / min; optionally, the target temperature value is 10 to 25 °C.

[0081] As an example, when in-situ activation with hydrogen peroxide is adopted, in combination with the activation system 100 in the above embodiments, a hydrogen peroxide solution with a concentration of 98% is used as the activation liquid during the operation. Specifically, the catalytic bed mesh to be activated is loaded into the reaction chamber of the activation tooling 20. After assembling the activation tooling 20, it is placed in the constant temperature chamber 31. The constant temperature chamber 31 controls the target temperature value of the activation tooling 20 to be 10 - 25°C through the heat exchanger 32 and the fan 33. After the activation liquid is filled into the activation liquid storage tank 12, the pressure increasing solenoid valve 11c is opened, and the activation liquid storage tank 12 is pressurized from the high-pressure gas cylinder 11a. The pressurization pressure can be 1 MPa - 6 MPa. After the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b is opened, the hydrogen peroxide solution passes through the filter 13a, the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b, the flow meter 13c, then through the adjustable venturi tube 13d and the check valve 13e and flows into the activation tooling 20. The liquid level in the reaction chamber of the activation tooling 20 is detected by the liquid level gauge 24. When the liquid level exceeds the catalytic bed mesh in the cartridge 22, the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b is closed to stop the liquid inlet. At this time, the catalytic bed mesh and the hydrogen peroxide solution gradually undergo a decomposition reaction, releasing oxygen and water vapor, which are discharged from the vent hole 23e of the top cover 23. The temperature of the catalytic bed mesh in the cartridge 22 continuously rises, and the reaction rate continuously accelerates. After the hydrogen peroxide solution is decomposed, wait for the catalytic bed mesh to cool to room temperature (cooling rate 10 - 20°C / min), then open the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b again to introduce liquid for activation. The total number of activation times is 5 - 20 times, and thus the activated catalytic bed mesh is obtained.

[0082] In some embodiments, when activation with an oxidizing solution is adopted, that is, when the activation liquid is an oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide, controlling the liquid inlet device to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber for the activation reaction includes: controlling the liquid inlet device to inject the activation liquid into the reaction chamber, and performing a first activation reaction on the catalytic bed mesh to be activated under the condition of the first target temperature value to obtain a pre-activated mesh material; discharging the activation liquid in the reaction chamber, and performing a second activation reaction on the pre-activated mesh material under the condition of the second target temperature value, and obtaining the activated catalytic bed mesh after cooling treatment.

[0083] Furthermore, the first target temperature value is less than the second target temperature value; for example, the first target temperature value can be 15 - 30°C; the second target temperature value can be 200 - 300°C; the reaction time of the first activation reaction can be 30 - 60 min; the reaction time of the second activation reaction can be 60 min - 180 min; the cooling rate control during the cooling treatment can be 10 - 20°C / min.

[0084] As an example, when activating with an oxidizing solution, in combination with the activation system 100 in the above embodiments, during the operation, a 24% samarium nitrate solution is used as the activation solution. The catalytic bed mesh to be activated is placed in the reaction chamber of the activation tooling 20. After assembling the activation tooling 20, it is placed in the constant temperature chamber 31. The constant temperature chamber 31 controls the target temperature value of the activation tooling 20 to be 15 - 30°C through the heat exchanger 32 and the fan 33. After the activation solution is filled into the activation solution storage tank 12, the pressurizing solenoid valve 11c is opened, and the activation solution storage tank 12 is pressurized from the high-pressure gas cylinder 11a. The pressurizing pressure can be 1 MPa - 6 MPa. After the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b is opened, the samarium nitrate solution flows through the filter 13a, the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b, the flow meter 13c, then through the adjustable venturi tube 13d and the one-way valve 13e and into the activation tooling 20. The liquid level in the reaction chamber of the activation tooling 20 is detected by the liquid level gauge 24. When the liquid level exceeds the catalytic bed mesh in the cartridge 22, the liquid inlet solenoid valve 13b is closed to stop the liquid inlet. At this time, the catalytic bed mesh is soaked in the samarium nitrate solution at 15 - 30°C for the first activation reaction. After soaking for 30 min - 60 min, the waste liquid in the reaction chamber is discharged, and the temperature of the activation tooling 20 is raised to 200 - 300°C through the temperature control device 30 for the second activation reaction. The reaction time is controlled within 60 min - 180 min. After the reaction is complete, the mesh is gradually cooled (cooling rate 10 - 20°C / min) to room temperature to obtain the activated catalytic bed mesh.

[0085] To verify the performance of the catalytic bed meshes obtained by in-situ activation with hydrogen peroxide and activation with an oxidizing solution in the above embodiments, the catalytic bed meshes obtained by in-situ activation with hydrogen peroxide and activation with an oxidizing solution in the above embodiments are respectively placed in beakers, and a 90% hydrogen peroxide catalytic decomposition test is carried out at 25°C. The time required to decompose a certain amount of hydrogen peroxide is recorded. It is found that the time for the catalytic bed mesh per unit mass (g) to decompose hydrogen peroxide all meets ≥0.3 - 0.5 ml / s, and it has a high catalytic efficiency for hydrogen peroxide.

[0086] Therefore, through the design of the activation system 100 and the activation method in the embodiments of the present application, the catalytic bed mesh can be activated, which can greatly improve the catalytic decomposition rate of the catalytic bed mesh for hydrogen peroxide. The time for the catalytic mesh per unit mass (g) to decompose hydrogen peroxide meets ≥0.3 - 0.5 ml / s, thereby improving the start-up speed of the hydrogen peroxide mesh-based catalytic bed. It is experimentally found that the start-up delay of the mesh-based catalytic bed equipped with the activated catalytic bed mesh is only 10% - 20% of that of the unactivated catalytic bed, significantly reducing the ignition delay of the hydrogen peroxide rocket engine.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An activation system for a catalytic bed mesh, characterized in that The catalytic bed mesh is used for catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and the activation system includes: a liquid inlet device, an activation tool and a temperature control device; The liquid inlet device is in communication with the activation tooling, and the liquid inlet device is used to deliver activation liquid into the activation tooling; The activation tool is arranged in the temperature control device, and the temperature control device is used to control the temperature of the activation tool; Wherein, a reaction chamber is provided in the activation tooling for receiving the activation liquid and accommodating the catalytic bed mesh and performing the activation reaction.

2. The activation system of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 1, wherein The activation tooling includes: a shell, a barrel and a top cover; A receiving cavity is formed in the shell; The barrel is at least partially disposed in the receiving cavity, the barrel is formed with the reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is communicated with the receiving cavity; The top cover is arranged on the top of the shell and is detachably connected to the shell. An activation liquid inlet is opened on the top cover, and the activation liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid inlet device and the reaction chamber.

3. The activation system of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 2, wherein The top cover includes: a side portion, a top plate portion and a partition portion; The side surrounding portion defines a cavity, and the top of the shell at least partially extends into the cavity and is detachably connected to the side surrounding portion; The top plate portion is arranged on the top of the cavity and connected to the side surrounding portion; The partition portion is arranged in the cavity, spaced apart from the top plate portion in the height direction, and connected to the side surrounding portion; Wherein, a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the top plate portion and the partition portion, and the ventilation holes are connected to the reaction chamber; the activation liquid inlet is provided on the side portion and is located between the top plate portion and the partition portion in the height direction.

4. The activation system of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a drain port at one end away from the top cover, and the drain port is communicated with the receiving cavity; The side wall and the bottom wall of the barrel are both spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell, and the side wall and the bottom wall of the barrel are both provided with a plurality of through holes communicating with the accommodating cavity.

5. The activation system of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid inlet device includes: a pressurizing component, an activation liquid storage tank and a liquid inlet component; The activation liquid storage tank is used to store the activation liquid; The pressurizing assembly is connected to the activation liquid tank and is used to adjust the internal pressure of the activation liquid tank; The liquid inlet assembly is connected to the activation tooling and the activation liquid storage tank respectively. The liquid inlet assembly is used to receive the activation liquid discharged from the activation liquid storage tank and transport the activation liquid into the reaction chamber. The liquid inlet assembly is configured to filter impurities in the activation liquid and regulate the flow rate of the activation liquid.

6. The activation system of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid inlet assembly includes: a filter, a liquid inlet solenoid valve, a flow meter, an adjustable venturi and a one-way valve connected in sequence, the liquid inlet of the filter is connected to the activation liquid storage tank, and the one-way valve is connected to the activation tooling; A filling valve is provided between the filter and the activation liquid storage tank, and the filling valve is used to connect to an external liquid supply device to supply activation liquid into the activation liquid storage tank.

7. The activation system of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressurization assembly includes: a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pressure reducer, and a pressurization solenoid valve that are connected in sequence, and the pressurization solenoid valve is connected to the activation liquid storage tank; and a safety valve, which is arranged between the pressurization solenoid valve and the activation liquid storage tank.

8. The activation system of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control device includes: a constant temperature chamber, a heat exchanger, and a blower; The constant temperature chamber is used for accommodating the activation tooling to isolate the activation tooling from the external environmental temperature; The heat exchanger and the blower are both arranged in the constant temperature chamber and are used for controlling the temperature of the activation tooling.

9. The activation system of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes a liquid discharge device, and the liquid discharge device includes: a liquid discharge solenoid valve and a waste liquid pool communicated with the liquid discharge solenoid valve, and the liquid discharge solenoid valve is communicated with the liquid discharge port.

10. A method for activating a catalytic bed mesh, characterized in that, Performing at least one of the following activation method steps by using the activation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the steps include: Placing the catalytic bed mesh to be activated into the reaction chamber of the activation tooling; Controlling the temperature of the activation tooling to a target temperature value based on the temperature control device; Controlling the liquid inlet device to inject activation liquid into the reaction chamber for an activation reaction to obtain an activated catalytic bed mesh.

11. The activation method of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 10, characterized in that, The activation liquid is selected from any one of hydrogen peroxide solution and oxidizing solutions other than hydrogen peroxide; Optionally, the oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide includes at least one of nitric acid solution or nitrate solution; Optionally, the nitrate solution includes at least one of samarium nitrate, cerium nitrate or lanthanum nitrate; Optionally, the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 50% to 98%; Optionally, the mass percentage of the solute in the oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide is 10% to 30%.

12. The activation method of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the activation liquid is hydrogen peroxide solution, the controlling the liquid inlet device to inject activation liquid into the reaction chamber for an activation reaction includes: Controlling the liquid inlet device to inject activation liquid into the reaction chamber at intervals for multiple activation reactions, and cooling the obtained mesh material after each activation reaction. After the activation reaction is carried out 5 to 20 times, an activated catalytic bed mesh is obtained; Optionally, when cooling the obtained mesh material after each activation reaction, the cooling rate is controlled to be 10 to 20 °C / min; Optionally, the target temperature value is 10 to 25 °C.

13. The activation method of the catalytic bed mesh according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the activation liquid is an oxidizing solution other than hydrogen peroxide, the controlling the liquid inlet device to inject activation liquid into the reaction chamber for an activation reaction includes: Controlling the liquid inlet device to inject activation liquid into the reaction chamber, and performing a first activation reaction on the catalytic bed mesh to be activated under the condition of a first target temperature value to obtain a pre-activated mesh material; Discharging the activation liquid in the reaction chamber, and performing a second activation reaction on the pre-activated mesh material under the condition of a second target temperature value, and obtaining an activated catalytic bed mesh after cooling treatment; Optionally, the first target temperature value is less than the second target temperature value; Optionally, the first target temperature value is 15 to 30 °C; Optionally, the second target temperature value is 200 to 300 °C; Optionally, the reaction time of the first activation reaction is 30 to 60 min; Optionally, the reaction time of the second activation reaction is 60 min to 180 min; Optionally, the cooling rate of the cooling treatment is controlled to be 10-20 °C / min.

14. The activation method of the catalytic bed mesh according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that, Before placing the catalytic bed mesh to be activated into the reaction chamber of the activation tooling, it further includes: Cleaning the surface of the catalytic bed mesh, drying the material obtained after the cleaning treatment in an inert atmosphere, and obtaining the catalytic bed mesh to be activated after cooling.

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