Contact network ultrasonic impact vibration deicing device and method capable of being deployed on pantograph

Abstract

The invention relates to a contact network ultrasonic impact vibration deicing device and method capable of being deployed on a pantograph, and belongs to the field of power ultrasonic technology application. Comprising an ultrasonic deicer and an ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic deicer is connected with the ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic deicer comprises an upper machine shell, a lower machine shell, a tool head, piezoelectric ceramics, an electrode plate, a deicing working head, a spring and a free mass block, the electrode plate is connected with the ultrasonic generator, the electrode plate and the piezoelectric ceramics are connected with the tool head, the tool head and the free mass block placed on the tool head are arranged in the lower machine shell, and the piezoelectric ceramics are connected with the free mass block. An upper machine shell is arranged on the upper portion of the lower machine shell, a spring is arranged in the upper machine shell, one end of the deicing working head penetrates through the upper machine shell to be matched with the free mass block, and the two ends of the spring abut against the upper machine shell and the deicing working head respectively. The problems that deicing efficiency is low and deicing is not thorough are effectively solved, and deicing and power receiving and current taking can be conducted synchronously in the train running process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device and method, and belongs to the application field of power ultrasonic technology. Background Art

[0002] Under freezing rain weather conditions, the wires that supply power to trains above high-speed railways are all covered with a thick layer of ice, which is a common problem faced by all electrified railways - catenary icing. Catenary icing will lead to poor electrical conductivity. When the pantograph collects current from the catenary, electric sparks will be generated, and in severe cases, the catenary will be burned and broken. In addition, it is extremely easy to cause the brittle carbon skateboard to break, directly resulting in the interruption of train power supply. Currently, the commonly used de-icing methods include current heating de-icing, mechanical de-icing, and manual knocking de-icing. Current heating de-icing is difficult to completely remove the ice, and often an outer ice shell will be left; mechanical de-icing is to use a non-powered pantograph to break the ice, but it cannot handle too thick ice layers. At this time, manual knocking de-icing is often used, but the speed of freezing rain turning into ice is extremely fast, and the speed of manual de-icing is difficult to catch up with its ice formation speed.

[0003] In addition, some existing discrete and local operation type catenary de-icing devices, such as motor cam knocking devices, unmanned aerial vehicle de-icing systems, and wire-climbing robots, although there are innovations in technical forms, their deployment methods and operation modes still have obvious shortcomings. First of all, these devices need to be installed and operated independently outside the train, and cannot be integrated with the train power system to achieve dynamic de-icing; secondly, the operation frequency of the mechanical knocking device is relatively low, and the de-icing range cleared per unit time is limited, making it difficult to meet the high-intensity continuous de-icing requirements; more prominent is that all operations need to be carried out when the train is in a stopped state, which not only interrupts the normal transportation order, but also requires additional coordination of the operation time window, significantly increasing the operation and maintenance costs.

[0004] To achieve the synchronous operation of current collection from the pantograph and catenary de-icing during the high-speed running of the train, it is necessary to break through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional de-icing devices under dynamic conditions. The core contradiction faced by the existing technology is that when the train runs at a high speed, the mechanical de-icing mechanism needs to match a high-frequency impact operation frequency of dozens of times per second, while the traditional motor drive system is limited by the inertial lag effect of the mechanical transmission chain and is difficult to break through the action response speed above 500 Hz.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device and method that can be deployed on the pantograph to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems, a catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device and method deployable on a pantograph are provided. A brief overview of the present invention is given below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present invention. It is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0007] Technical solution of the present invention:

[0008] A catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph, comprising an ultrasonic de-icer and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the ultrasonic de-icer is connected to the ultrasonic generator;

[0009] The ultrasonic de-icer includes an upper housing, a lower housing, a tool head, a piezoelectric ceramic, an electrode plate, a de-icing working head, a spring and a free mass block. The electrode plate is connected to the ultrasonic generator. The electrode plate and the piezoelectric ceramic are connected to the tool head. The tool head and the free mass block placed on the tool head are arranged inside the lower housing. The upper housing is arranged on the upper part of the lower housing. A spring is arranged inside the upper housing. One end of the de-icing working head passes through the upper housing to cooperate with the free mass block. The two ends of the spring respectively abut against the upper housing and the de-icing working head.

[0010] Preferably: The upper part of the free mass block has a groove. The sliding rod end of the de-icing working head is connected to the corresponding groove of the free mass block. The free mass block is placed on the boss of the tool head.

[0011] Preferably: Three bosses are uniformly arranged on the tool head. Each boss corresponds to place a free mass block. The bosses of the tool head and the upper housing are correspondingly arranged to improve the de-icing effect of the de-icing working head.

[0012] Preferably: The ultrasonic de-icer further includes a top cover plate, a first guide bushing, a bearing and a spring seat. The upper end of the upper housing is connected to the top cover plate. A bearing is arranged in the upper part of the inner cavity of the upper housing. A spring seat is arranged in the lower part of the inner cavity of the upper housing. The lower end of the upper housing is connected to the first guide bushing. The two ends of the spring respectively abut against the lower end of the bearing and the upper end of the spring seat. The upper part of the de-icing working head is a U-shaped de-icing structure. The sliding rod of the de-icing working head sequentially passes through the central through hole of the top cover plate, the spring and is connected to the spring seat. The lower part of the spring seat passes through the central through hole of the first guide bushing and is slidably connected to the groove of the free mass block.

[0013] Preferably: The number of electrode plates is an even number. Piezoelectric ceramics are arranged between adjacent electrode plates. Adjacent electrode plates are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the ultrasonic generator.

[0014] Preferably, the ultrasonic de-icer further includes a stud, a pre-tightening nut, a rear end cover, an aviation plug, and a front end cover. The upper end of the stud is threadedly connected to the front end cover. The other end of the stud sequentially passes through the upper piezoelectric ceramic, the positive electrode plate, the two middle piezoelectric ceramics, the negative electrode plate, and the lower piezoelectric ceramic and is threadedly connected to the pre-tightening nut. The upper part of the housing is connected to the front end cover, and the lower part of the housing is connected to the rear end cover. An aviation plug is provided on the rear end cover, and the electrode plate is electrically connected to the ultrasonic de-icer through the aviation plug.

[0015] Preferably, the ultrasonic de-icer further includes a horn, a flange, a gasket, and a connecting screw. The lower end of the lower housing is bolted to the flange. The middle part of the horn is connected to the flange through the gasket. The upper and lower ends of the horn are connected to the tool head and the front end cover through the connecting screw.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes an installation platform and a chassis. The installation platform includes a slider connecting piece, a de-icer bracket, a fixed installation flange, a spring guide post, a floating installation spring, a second guide bushing, a slider, a linear guide rail, a limit block, and a platform bottom plate. The platform bottom plate is detachably connected to the chassis. A linear guide rail is provided on the platform bottom plate. The two ends of the linear guide rail have limit blocks. The linear guide rail is slidably connected to the slider. The lower part of the slider connecting piece is connected to the slider. The slider connecting piece is fixedly connected to the fixed installation flange through the de-icer bracket. Three or more second guide bushings are circumferentially distributed on the fixed installation flange. Three or more spring guide posts are circumferentially arranged on the flange. A floating installation spring is sleeved on the spring guide post. The spring guide post is slidably connected to the second guide bushing correspondingly. The upper and lower ends of the floating installation spring respectively abut against the flange and the fixed installation flange.

[0017] Preferably, the chassis adopts the pantograph chassis of the pantograph on the train. The ultrasonic generator and the chassis are installed on the train, and the catenary line is located inside the U-shaped de-icing structure of the de-icing working head.

[0018] The method for de-icing the catenary by ultrasonic impact vibration deployable on the pantograph includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: In the case of icing on the catenary line, remove and replace the pantograph head at the head of the train with an ultrasonic de-icer, and configure the drive control signal of the ultrasonic generator.

[0020] Step 2: Under the synergistic action of the pantograph lifting device on the chassis and the floating installation spring, the U-shaped de-icing working head stably presses against the catenary line and tightly wraps the catenary line.

[0021] Step 3: After the ultrasonic de-icer is powered on and started, the ultrasonic generator outputs a modulated high-frequency drive signal of 20 kHz to excite the piezoelectric transducer assembly (piezoelectric ceramic, electrode plate) to generate axial ultrasonic vibration; the vibration energy is amplified in amplitude through the horn, and three-way output of mechanical vibration is realized through the energy distribution structure at the top of the tool head; each vibration branch acts on the corresponding free mass block respectively, and the ultrasonic vibration is converted into the longitudinal impact kinetic energy of the U-shaped de-icing tool head through the inertial impact effect, so as to carry out impact vibration crushing and de-icing

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The railway catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device proposed by the present invention that can be quickly deployed on the pantograph can be directly deployed on the pantograph underframe for operation along the line, and is convenient to install.

[0024] 2. Relying on the guiding constraint of the follow-up installation platform and the catenary line, the present invention can realize the horizontal displacement adjustment of the de-icing device along the vertical line direction, and accurately match the layout characteristics of the catenary;

[0025] 3. Under the cooperative action of the installation platform and the underframe, the ultrasonic de-icer of the present invention can maintain stable contact with the catenary line;

[0026] 4. Based on the high-frequency ultrasonic vibration generated by the piezoelectric transducer, after amplitude modulation by the horn, the present invention drives three U-shaped de-icing working heads through the tool head with a one-to-three structure, realizing efficient crushing and removal of the catenary ice covering;

[0027] 5. The present invention effectively solves the problems of low de-icing efficiency and incompleteness, and can realize the synchronization of de-icing and power receiving during the train operation. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device that can be deployed on the pantograph.

[0029] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic de-icer.

[0030] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the installation platform.

[0031] Figure 4 is an application schematic diagram of the catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device that can be deployed on the pantograph.

[0032] In the figure, 1 - train, 2 - pantograph, 3 - catenary line, 4 - de - icing system, 5 - ultrasonic de - icing device, 5 - 1 - top cover plate, 5 - 2 - upper housing, 5 - 3 - first guiding bushing, 5 - 4 - lower housing, 5 - 5 - tool head, 5 - 6 - horn, 5 - 7 - flange, 5 - 8 - gasket, 5 - 9 - connecting screw, 5 - 10 - stud, 5 - 11 - piezoelectric ceramic, 5 - 12 - electrode plate, 5 - 13 - pre - tightening nut, 5 - 14 - rear end cover, 5 - 15 - aviation plug, 5 - 16 - de - icing working head, 5 - 17 - bearing, 5 - 18 - spring, 5 - 19 - spring seat, 5 - 20 - free mass block, 5 - 21 - front end cover, 6 - installation platform, 6 - 1 - slider connecting piece, 6 - 2 - de - icing device bracket, 6 - 3 - fixed installation flange, 6 - 4 - spring guiding column, 6 - 5 - floating installation spring, 6 - 6 - second guiding bushing, 6 - 7 - slider, 6 - 8 - linear guide rail, 6 - 9 - limit block, 6 - 10 - connecting shaft, 6 - 11 - platform bottom plate, 7 - chassis, 8 - ultrasonic generator. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be described below through specific embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the descriptions of well - known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present invention.

[0034] Detailed implementation mode one: Combined with Figures 1-4 To illustrate this implementation mode, the catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de - icing device deployable on a pantograph of this implementation mode includes an ultrasonic de - icing device 5 and an ultrasonic generator 8. The ultrasonic de - icing device 5 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator 8 to form a de - icing system 4. The present invention effectively solves the problems of low de - icing efficiency and incomplete de - icing, and can realize the synchronous de - icing and current collection during the train operation.

[0035] The ultrasonic de-icer 5 includes an upper housing 5-2, a lower housing 5-4, a tool head 5-5, a piezoelectric ceramic 5-11, an electrode plate 5-12, a de-icing working head 5-16, a spring 5-18 and a free mass block 5-20. The electrode plate 5-12 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator 8. The axially adjacent electrode plates 5-12 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the ultrasonic generator 8. The electrode plates 5-12 and the piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 are arranged alternately and uniformly along the axis. The axially alternately arranged electrode plates 5-12 and piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 are both fixedly connected to the lower part of the tool head 5-5. The tool head 5-5 and the free mass block 5-20 placed on the tool head 5-5 are arranged in the lower housing 5-4. The upper housing 5-2 is arranged on the upper part of the lower housing 5-4. A spring 5-18 is arranged in the upper housing 5-2. One end of the slide rod of the de-icing working head 5-16 slides through the upper housing 5-2 and then extends into the lower housing 5-4 to establish a fit with the free mass block 5-20. The two ends of the spring 5-18 respectively press against the upper housing 5-2 and the de-icing working head 5-16;

[0036] The upper part of the free mass block 5-20 has a groove, and the lower end of the slide rod of the de-icing working head 5-16 is connected to the corresponding groove of the free mass block 5-20; the lower end of the free mass block 5-20 is a plane, and the free mass block 5-20 is placed on the convex platform of the tool head 5-5; by using inertia, the free mass block 5-20 can reduce the frequency and increase the amplitude, improving the de-icing effect of the de-icing working head 5-16;

[0037] Three convex platforms are evenly arranged on the tool head 5-5, and each convex platform corresponds to a free mass block 5-20. The convex platforms of the tool head 5-5 and the upper housing 5-2 are arranged corresponding to each other in terms of quantity and axial position, improving the de-icing effect of the de-icing working head 5-16. When not vibrating, the spring 5-18 presses the free mass block 5-20 against the convex platform of the tool head 5-5 through the de-icing working head 5-16 or the spring seat 5-19; based on the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic wave excited by the piezoelectric transducer, after being tuned and amplified by the horn, the three U-shaped de-icing heads are synchronously driven by the split tool head to realize the directional impact and crushing of the ice layer on the catenary; this technology can realize the transformation of the catenary de-icing operation from intermittent treatment to continuous operation, realize the efficient crushing and removal of the catenary ice, and provide an effective solution for the safety protection of the catenary ice on the railway;

[0038] The ultrasonic de-icer 5 further includes a top cover plate 5-1, a first guide bushing 5-3, a bearing 5-17, and a spring seat 5-19. The upper end of the upper housing 5-2 is bolted to the top cover plate 5-1. An upper bearing 5-17 is arranged in the upper cavity of the upper housing 5-2 by interference fit. The bearing 5-17 is a thrust bearing, which can avoid wearing the top cover plate 5-1, prevent the change of spring potential energy from affecting the de-icing effect, facilitate maintenance, and reduce the maintenance frequency. The upper part of the spring seat 5-19 is slidably arranged in the lower cavity of the upper housing 5-2. The lower end of the upper housing 5-2 is connected to the first guide bushing 5-3 by interference fit. The two ends of the spring 5-18 respectively abut against the lower end of the bearing 5-17 and the upper end of the spring seat 5-19. The upper part of the de-icing working head 5-16 is a U-shaped de-icing structure, which is located above the top cover plate 5-1. The width of the U-shaped de-icing structure is greater than the diameter of the overhead line. The slide rod at the lower part of the de-icing working head 5-16 sequentially slides through the central through hole of the top cover plate 5-1, passes through the center of the spring 5-18, and is fixedly connected to the spring seat 5-19 by interference fit through the central through hole of the spring seat 5-19. The lower part of the spring seat 5-19 slides through the central through hole of the first guide bushing 5-3 and is slidably connected to the groove of the free mass block 5-20;

[0039] The number of the electrode plates 5-12 is an even number. Two piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 are arranged between adjacent electrode plates 5-12. Adjacent electrode plates 5-12 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the ultrasonic generator 8, so that the positive electrode plates 5-12 and the negative electrode plates 5-12 are arranged alternately. The piezoelectric ceramics deform by the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate vibration drive. In view of the technical problem that the traditional motor drive system is limited by the inertial lag effect of the mechanical transmission chain and it is difficult to break through the action response speed above 500 Hz, the present invention creatively uses ultrasonic vibration as the drive for overhead line de-icing. The ultrasonic motor based on the inverse piezoelectric effect can output high-frequency vibration waves of 20-50 kHz. Through the electromechanical coupling conversion of the longitudinal vibration mode, it can form thousands of micro-amplitude impacts per second at the end of the de-icing mechanism (U-shaped de-icing structure);

[0040] The ultrasonic de-icer 5 further includes a stud 5-10, a pre-tightening nut 5-13, a rear end cover 5-14, an aviation plug 5-15 and a front end cover 5-21. The upper end of the stud 5-10 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the front end cover 5-21. The other end of the stud 5-10 sequentially passes through the upper piezoelectric ceramics 5-11, the positive electrode plate 5-12, the two middle piezoelectric ceramics 5-11, the negative electrode plate 5-12, and the lower piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 inside the housing and is threadedly connected to the pre-tightening nut 5-13, so that the piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 and the electrode plates 5-12 are pressed and fixed. The upper part of the housing is fixedly connected to the front end cover 5-21, and the lower part of the housing is fixedly connected to the rear end cover 5-14. An aviation plug 5-15 is provided on the rear end cover 5-14. The electrode plate 5-12 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic de-icer 5 through the aviation plug 5-15. The rear end cover 5-14, the front end cover 5-21, and the housing are made of insulating materials;

[0041] The ultrasonic de-icer 5 further includes a horn 5-6, a flange 5-7, a gasket 5-8 and a connecting screw 5-9. The flange 5-7 is a floating mounting flange. The lower end of the lower housing 5-4 is bolted to the flange 5-7. The middle of the horn 5-6 is connected to the flange 5-7 through the gasket 5-8 to prevent the vibration of the ultrasonic de-icer 5 from affecting other components such as the support member, so that the connection of other structures is stable and the vibration loss is reduced. The upper and lower ends of the horn 5-6 are respectively connected to the corresponding tool head 5-5 and the front end cover 5-21 through a connecting screw 5-9. The ultrasonic de-icer 5 is an overall symmetric structure;

[0042] It further includes an installation platform 6 and a chassis 7. The installation platform 6 includes a slider connecting piece 6-1, a de-icer support 6-2, a fixed installation flange 6-3, a spring guide post 6-4, a floating installation spring 6-5, a second guide bushing 6-6, a slider 6-7, a linear guide rail 6-8, a limit block 6-9, a connecting shaft 6-10 and a platform bottom plate 6-11. The platform bottom plate 6-11 is detachably connected to the chassis 7 through the connecting shaft 6-10. Two groups of parallel linear guide rails 6-8 are fixedly arranged on the platform bottom plate 6-11. The two ends of the linear guide rail 6-8 are provided with limit blocks 6-9. Each group of linear guide rails 6-8 is slidably connected to the corresponding slider 6-7. The lower part of the slider connecting piece 6-1 is fixedly connected to the slider 6-7. The slider connecting piece 6-1 is fixedly connected to the fixed installation flange 6-3 through the de-icer support 6-2. The de-icer support 6-2 increases the longitudinal distance between the slider connecting piece 6-1 and the fixed installation flange 6-3, thereby providing sufficient space for the installation and operation of the housing of the ultrasonic de-icer 5. Three or more second guide bushings 6-6 are circumferentially evenly distributed on the fixed installation flange 6-3. The middle part of the fixed installation flange 6-3 has an avoidance hole. Three or more spring guide posts 6-4 are circumferentially fixedly arranged on the flange 5-7. A floating installation spring 6-5 is sleeved on the spring guide post 6-4. The spring guide post 6-4 is slidably connected to the corresponding second guide bushing 6-6 below it. The upper and lower ends of the floating installation spring 6-5 respectively abut against the flange 5-7 and the fixed installation flange 6-3. The horn 5-6 or the front end cover 5-21 of the ultrasonic de-icer 5 passes through the avoidance hole in the middle of the fixed installation flange 6-3; relying on the synergistic effect of the pantograph raising device (chassis 7) and the spring floating mechanism (floating installation spring 6-5), a vertical adaptive pressing mechanism is formed, which can maintain stable contact with the catenary line;

[0043] The chassis 7 adopts the pantograph chassis of the pantograph 2 on the train. The chassis 7 can realize height adjustment. The ultrasonic generator 8 and the chassis 7 are both fixedly installed on the train 1. The catenary line 3 is located inside the U-shaped de-icing structure of the de-icing working head 5-16; through the mechatronic design, the present invention is directly mounted on the pantograph chassis, which is convenient for deployment, transformation and application. By adopting the synergistic action mechanism of ultrasonic high-frequency impact vibration and mechanical follow-up, it is intended to solve the industry problem that existing de-icing equipment cannot adapt to the continuous operation of the dynamic pantograph-catenary system; through the follow-up mechanism, the de-icing device realizes continuous trajectory tracking along the "zigzag" line of the catenary.

[0044] Specific Embodiment 2: Combine Figures 1-4To describe this embodiment, the method for removing ice from the catenary by ultrasonic impact vibration that can be deployed on the pantograph uses a catenary ultrasonic impact vibration ice removal device that can be deployed on the pantograph, including an ultrasonic ice remover 5 and an ultrasonic generator 8. The ultrasonic ice remover 5 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator 8 to form an ice removal system 4. The present invention effectively solves the problems of low ice removal efficiency and incompleteness, and can realize the synchronous ice removal and current collection during the train operation;

[0045] The ultrasonic ice remover 5 includes an upper housing 5-2, a lower housing 5-4, a tool head 5-5, a piezoelectric ceramic 5-11, an electrode plate 5-12, an ice removal working head 5-16, a spring 5-18, and a free mass block 5-20. The electrode plate 5-12 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator 8. The axially adjacent electrode plates 5-12 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the ultrasonic generator 8. The electrode plates 5-12 and the piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 are arranged uniformly and alternately along the axis. The axially alternately arranged electrode plates 5-12 and piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 are both fixedly connected to the lower part of the tool head 5-5. The tool head 5-5 and the free mass block 5-20 placed on the tool head 5-5 are arranged inside the lower housing 5-4. The upper part of the lower housing 5-4 is provided with an upper housing 5-2. A spring 5-18 is arranged inside the upper housing 5-2. One end of the sliding rod of the ice removal working head 5-16 slides through the upper housing 5-2 and then extends into the lower housing 5-4 to establish a cooperation with the free mass block 5-20. The two ends of the spring 5-18 respectively abut against the upper housing 5-2 and the ice removal working head 5-16;

[0046] The upper part of the free mass block 5-20 has a groove, and the lower end of the sliding rod of the ice removal working head 5-16 is connected to the corresponding groove of the free mass block 5-20. The lower end of the free mass block 5-20 is a plane, and the free mass block 5-20 is placed on the convex platform of the tool head 5-5. Utilizing inertia, the free mass block 5-20 can reduce the frequency and increase the amplitude, improving the ice removal effect of the ice removal working head 5-16;

[0047] Three uniformly arranged convex platforms are machined on the tool head 5-5, and each convex platform corresponds to a free mass block 5-20 placed thereon. The convex platforms of the tool head 5-5 and the upper housing 5-2 are arranged corresponding to each other in terms of quantity and axial position, improving the ice removal effect of the ice removal working head 5-16. When not vibrating, the spring 5-18 presses the free mass block 5-20 against the convex platform of the tool head 5-5 through the ice removal working head 5-16 or the spring seat 5-19. Based on the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic wave excited by the piezoelectric transducer and amplified by the horn, the three U-shaped ice removal heads are synchronously driven by the split tool head to realize the directional impact and crushing of the ice layer on the catenary. This technology can realize the transformation of the catenary ice removal operation from intermittent treatment to continuous operation, realize the efficient crushing and removal of the catenary ice, and provide an effective solution for the safety protection of the catenary ice on the railway;

[0048] The ultrasonic de-icer 5 further includes a top cover plate 5-1, a first guide bushing 5-3, a bearing 5-17, and a spring seat 5-19. The upper end of the upper housing 5-2 is bolted to the top cover plate 5-1. An upper bearing 5-17 is provided in the upper part of the inner cavity of the upper housing 5-2 by interference fit. The bearing 5-17 is a thrust bearing, which can avoid wearing the top cover plate 5-1, prevent the change of spring potential energy from affecting the de-icing effect, facilitate maintenance, and reduce the maintenance frequency. The upper part of the spring seat 5-19 is slidably arranged in the lower part of the inner cavity of the upper housing 5-2. The lower end of the upper housing 5-2 is connected to the first guide bushing 5-3 by interference fit. The two ends of the spring 5-18 respectively abut against the lower end of the bearing 5-17 and the upper end of the spring seat 5-19. The upper part of the de-icing head 5-16 is a U-shaped de-icing structure that wraps around the catenary line and is located above the top cover plate 5-1. The width of the U-shaped de-icing structure is greater than the diameter of the network line. Through the physical constraint guidance of the catenary line, the de-icing device has horizontal self-adaptability in the direction perpendicular to the line, effectively matching the geometric characteristics of the "zigzag" layout of the catenary. The slide rod at the lower part of the de-icing head 5-16 sequentially slides through the central through hole of the top cover plate 5-1, through the center of the spring 5-18, and is fixedly connected to the spring seat 5-19 by interference fit through the central through hole of the spring seat 5-19. The lower part of the spring seat 5-19 slides through the central through hole of the first guide bushing 5-3 and is slidably connected to the groove of the free mass block 5-20;

[0049] The number of electrode plates 5-12 is an even number. Two piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 are arranged between adjacent electrode plates 5-12. Adjacent electrode plates 5-12 are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ultrasonic generator 8, so that the positive electrode plates 5-12 and the negative electrode plates 5-12 are arranged alternately. The piezoelectric ceramics are deformed by the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate vibration drive. Aiming at the technical problem that the traditional motor drive system is limited by the inertial lag effect of the mechanical transmission chain and it is difficult to break through the action response speed above 500 Hz, the present invention creatively uses ultrasonic vibration as the drive for catenary de-icing. The ultrasonic motor based on the inverse piezoelectric effect can output high-frequency vibration waves of 20 - 50 kHz. Through the electromechanical coupling conversion of the longitudinal vibration mode, it can form micro-amplitude impacts thousands of times per second at the end of the de-icing mechanism (U-shaped de-icing structure);

[0050] The ultrasonic de-icer 5 further includes a stud 5-10, a pre-tightening nut 5-13, a rear end cover 5-14, an aviation plug 5-15, and a front end cover 5-21. The upper end of the stud 5-10 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the front end cover 5-21. The other end of the stud 5-10 sequentially passes through the upper piezoelectric ceramic 5-11, the positive electrode plate 5-12, the two middle piezoelectric ceramics 5-11, the negative electrode plate 5-12, and the lower piezoelectric ceramic 5-11 inside the housing and is threadedly connected to the pre-tightening nut 5-13, so that the piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 and the electrode plates 5-12 are tightly fixed. The upper part of the housing is fixedly connected to the front end cover 5-21, and the lower part of the housing is fixedly connected to the rear end cover 5-14. An aviation plug 5-15 is provided on the rear end cover 5-14. The electrode plate 5-12 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic de-icer 5 through the aviation plug 5-15. The rear end cover 5-14, the front end cover 5-21, and the housing are made of insulating materials;

[0051] The ultrasonic de-icer 5 further includes a horn 5-6, a flange 5-7, a gasket 5-8, and a connecting screw 5-9. The flange 5-7 is a floating mounting flange. The lower end of the lower housing 5-4 is bolted to the flange 5-7. The middle part of the horn 5-6 is connected to the flange 5-7 through the gasket 5-8 to prevent the vibration of the ultrasonic de-icer 5 from affecting other components such as the support member, so that the connection of other structures is stable and the vibration loss is reduced. The upper and lower ends of the horn 5-6 are respectively connected to the corresponding tool head 5-5 and the front end cover 5-21 through a connecting screw 5-9. The ultrasonic de-icer 5 is a symmetrical structure as a whole;

[0052] It further includes an installation platform 6 and a chassis 7. The installation platform 6 includes a slider connecting piece 6-1, a de-icer bracket 6-2, a fixed installation flange 6-3, a spring guide post 6-4, a floating installation spring 6-5, a second guide bushing 6-6, a slider 6-7, a linear guide rail 6-8, a limit block 6-9, a connecting shaft 6-10 and a platform bottom plate 6-11. The platform bottom plate 6-11 is detachably connected to the chassis 7 through the connecting shaft 6-10. The connecting shaft 6-10 adopts a stepped flange structure to achieve multi-level installation. Its top forms a high-rigidity bolt connection with the platform bottom plate 6-11 through a precision-machined installation flange. The bottom is provided with a precision stop surface. After passing through the standardized installation hole of the pantograph chassis 7, a reliable connection is achieved through a double-bolt clamp mechanism controlled by axial pre-tightening force. Two groups of parallel linear guide rails 6-8 are fixedly arranged on the platform bottom plate 6-11. The two ends of the linear guide rail 6-8 are provided with limit blocks 6-9. Each group of linear guide rails 6-8 is slidably connected to the corresponding slider 6-7. The lower part of the slider connecting piece 6-1 is fixedly connected to the slider 6-7. The slider connecting piece 6-1 is fixedly connected to the fixed installation flange 6-3 through the de-icer bracket 6-2. The de-icer bracket 6-2 increases the longitudinal distance between the slider connecting piece 6-1 and the fixed installation flange 6-3, thereby providing sufficient space for the installation and operation of the shell of the ultrasonic de-icer 5. Three or more second guide bushings 6-6 are circumferentially evenly distributed on the fixed installation flange 6-3. There is an avoidance hole in the middle of the fixed installation flange 6-3. Three or more spring guide posts 6-4 are circumferentially fixedly arranged on the flange 5-7. A floating installation spring 6-5 is sleeved on the spring guide post 6-4. The spring guide post 6-4 is slidably connected to the corresponding second guide bushing 6-6 below it. The upper and lower ends of the floating installation spring 6-5 respectively abut against the flange 5-7 and the fixed installation flange 6-3. The horn 5-6 or the front end cover 5-21 of the ultrasonic de-icer 5 passes through the avoidance hole in the middle of the fixed installation flange 6-3. The ultrasonic de-icer 5 can achieve floating in the vertical direction and stably press against the catenary line under the cooperation of the pantograph raising device. Relying on the synergistic effect of the pantograph raising device (chassis 7) and the spring floating mechanism (floating installation spring 6-5), a vertical adaptive pressing mechanism is formed, which can maintain stable contact with the catenary line. The ultrasonic de-icer 5 and the follower installation platform 6 can be used as a replacement module to replace the pantograph head and be installed on the pantograph chassis 7 in case of icing of the catenary in freezing rain weather, and be arranged at the front of the train to complete the de-icing work;

[0053] The chassis 7 adopts the pantograph chassis of the pantograph 2 on the train, and the chassis 7 can achieve height adjustment. The ultrasonic generator 8 and the chassis 7 are both fixedly mounted on the train 1, and the contact network line 3 is located in the U-shaped deicing structure of the deicing working head 5-16. The present invention is directly mounted on the pantograph chassis through an electromechanical integration design, which is convenient for deployment, modification and application. It adopts the synergistic mechanism of ultrasonic high-frequency impact vibration and mechanical servo to solve the industry problem that existing deicing equipment cannot adapt to the continuous operation of the dynamic pantograph-catenary system. The servo mechanism realizes the continuous trajectory tracking of the deicing device along the zigzag line of the contact network.

[0054] The method comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Remove the pantograph head at the front of the train and replace it with an ultrasonic deicing device. Connect the connecting shaft 6-10 to the pantograph chassis 7 to install the ultrasonic deicing device. Then, connect the piezoelectric transducer composed of the stack of electrode sheets 5-12 and piezoelectric ceramics 5-11 to the ultrasonic generator 5, and configure the required drive control signal in the ultrasonic generator 8.

[0056] Step 2: Under the action of the pantograph base frame 7 pantograph lifting device and the floating mounting spring 6-5, the U-shaped deicing working head 5-16 is stably pressed against the contact network line and tightly covers the contact network line;

[0057] Step 3: When the ultrasonic de-icer 5 is powered on and started, the ultrasonic generator 8 outputs a modulated 20kHz high-frequency drive signal to excite the piezoelectric transducer assembly to generate axial ultrasonic vibration; the vibration energy is amplified by the amplitude of the variable amplitude rod 5-6, and the three-way output of mechanical vibration is realized through the energy distribution structure at the top of the tool head 5-5; each vibration branch acts on the corresponding free mass block 5-20, and converts the ultrasonic vibration into the longitudinal impact kinetic energy of the U-shaped de-icing tool head 5-16 through the inertial impact effect, thereby performing impact vibration crushing and de-icing; during the train's travel, only the front-end pantograph is replaced by the ultrasonic de-icing device, and the remaining pantographs can perform normal power and current collection work until the contact network ice is completely cleared, at which point the device's work flow ends.

[0058] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be permuted and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of permutations and combinations. Therefore, the present invention will no longer describe the technical solutions after permutations and combinations one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutations and combinations have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic impact vibration ice removal device for catenary that can be deployed on a pantograph, characterized in that: It includes an ultrasonic de-icer (5) and an ultrasonic generator (8), and the ultrasonic de-icer (5) is connected to the ultrasonic generator (8); The ultrasonic de-icer (5) includes an upper housing (5-2), a lower housing (5-4), a tool head (5-5), a piezoelectric ceramic (5-11), an electrode plate (5-12), a de-icing working head (5-16), a spring (5-18) and a free mass block (5-20). The electrode plate (5-12) is connected to the ultrasonic generator (8). The electrode plate (5-12) and the piezoelectric ceramic (5-11) are connected to the tool head (5-5). The tool head (5-5) and the free mass block (5-20) placed on the tool head (5-5) are arranged inside the lower housing (5-4). The upper housing (5-2) is arranged at the upper part of the lower housing (5-4). A spring (5-18) is arranged inside the upper housing (5-2). One end of the de-icing working head (5-16) passes through the upper housing (5-2) to cooperate with the free mass block (5-20). The two ends of the spring (5-18) respectively abut against the upper housing (5-2) and the de-icing working head (5-16).

2. The catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph according to claim 1, wherein: The upper part of the free mass block (5-20) has a groove, and the sliding rod end of the de-icing working head (5-16) is connected to the corresponding groove of the free mass block (5-20). The free mass block (5-20) is placed on the boss of the tool head (5-5).

3. The catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph according to claim 2, characterized in that: Three bosses are evenly arranged on the tool head (5-5), and each boss correspondingly places a free mass block (5-20). The bosses of the tool head (5-5) and the upper housing (5-2) are correspondingly arranged to improve the de-icing effect of the de-icing working head (5-16).

4. The catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The ultrasonic de-icer (5) further includes a top cover plate (5-1), a first guide bushing (5-3), a bearing (5-17) and a spring seat (5-19). The upper end of the upper housing (5-2) is connected to the top cover plate (5-1). A bearing (5-17) is arranged in the upper part of the inner cavity of the upper housing (5-2). A spring seat (5-19) is arranged in the lower part of the inner cavity of the upper housing (5-2). The lower end of the upper housing (5-2) is connected to the first guide bushing (5-3). The two ends of the spring (5-18) respectively abut against the lower end of the bearing (5-17) and the upper end of the spring seat (5-19). The upper part of the de-icing working head (5-16) is a U-shaped de-icing structure. The sliding rod of the de-icing working head (5-16) sequentially passes through the central through hole of the top cover plate (5-1), the spring (5-18) and is connected to the spring seat (5-19). The lower part of the spring seat (5-19) passes through the central through hole of the first guide bushing (5-3) and is slidably connected to the groove of the free mass block (5-20).

5. The catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The number of the electrode plates (5-12) is an even number. Piezoelectric ceramics (5-11) are arranged between adjacent electrode plates (5-12). Adjacent electrode plates (5-12) are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the ultrasonic generator (8).

6. The catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ultrasonic de-icer (5) further includes a stud (5-10), a pre-tightening nut (5-13), a rear end cover (5-14), an aviation plug (5-15) and a front end cover (5-21). The upper end of the stud (5-10) is threadedly connected to the front end cover (5-21). The other end of the stud (5-10) sequentially passes through the upper piezoelectric ceramic (5-11), the positive electrode plate (5-12), the two middle piezoelectric ceramics (5-11), the negative electrode plate (5-12), the lower piezoelectric ceramic (5-11) and is threadedly connected to the pre-tightening nut (5-13). The upper part of the housing is connected to the front end cover (5-21), and the lower part of the housing is connected to the rear end cover (5-14). An aviation plug (5-15) is provided on the rear end cover (5-14). The electrode plate (5-12) is electrically connected to the ultrasonic de-icer (5) through the aviation plug (5-15).

7. The catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ultrasonic de-icer (5) further includes a horn (5-6), a flange (5-7), a gasket (5-8) and a connecting screw (5-9). The lower end of the lower housing (5-4) is bolted to the flange (5-7). The middle part of the horn (5-6) is connected to the flange (5-7) through the gasket (5-8). The upper and lower ends of the horn (5-6) are connected to the tool head (5-5) and the front end cover (5-21) through the connecting screw (5-9).

8. The catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph according to claim 7, characterized in that: It further includes an installation platform (6) and a chassis (7). The installation platform (6) includes a slider connector (6-1), a de-icer bracket (6-2), a fixed installation flange (6-3), a spring guide post (6-4), a floating installation spring (6-5), a second guide bushing (6-6), a slider (6-7), a linear guide rail (6-8), a limit block (6-9) and a platform bottom plate (6-11). The platform bottom plate (6-11) is detachably connected to the chassis (7). A linear guide rail (6-8) is provided on the platform bottom plate (6-11). The two ends of the linear guide rail (6-8) have limit blocks (6-9). The linear guide rail (6-8) is slidably connected to the slider (6-7). The lower part of the slider connector (6-1) is connected to the slider (6-7). The slider connector (6-1) is fixedly connected to the fixed installation flange (6-3) through the de-icer bracket (6-2). Three or more second guide bushings (6-6) are circumferentially distributed on the fixed installation flange (6-3). Three or more spring guide posts (6-4) are circumferentially arranged on the flange (5-7). A floating installation spring (6-5) is sleeved on the spring guide post (6-4). The spring guide post (6-4) is slidably connected to the corresponding second guide bushing (6-6). The upper and lower ends of the floating installation spring (6-5) respectively abut against the flange (5-7) and the fixed installation flange (6-3).

9. The catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph according to claim 7, characterized in that: The chassis (7) adopts the pantograph chassis of the pantograph (2) on the train. The ultrasonic generator (8) and the chassis (7) are installed on the train (1). The catenary line (3) is located inside the U-shaped de-icing structure of the de-icing working head (5-16).

10. A method for removing ice from an overhead contact line by ultrasonic impact vibration that can be deployed on a pantograph, characterized in that: Adopting the catenary ultrasonic impact vibration de-icing device deployable on a pantograph as described in any one of claims 1-9, the method includes the following steps: Step 1: In the case of icing on the catenary line (3), remove and replace the bow head of the pantograph (2) at the head of the train (1) with an ultrasonic de-icer (5), and configure the drive control signal of the ultrasonic generator (8); Step 2: Under the synergistic action of the pantograph lifting device on the underframe (7) and the floating mounting spring (6-5), the U-shaped de-icing working head (5-16) is stably pressed against the catenary line (3) to wrap the catenary line (3); Step 3: After the ultrasonic de-icer (5) is powered on and started, the ultrasonic generator (8) outputs a modulated high-frequency drive signal of 20 kHz to excite the piezoelectric transducer assembly to generate axial ultrasonic vibration; the vibration energy is amplified in amplitude through the horn (5-6), and three-way output of mechanical vibration is realized through the energy distribution structure at the top of the tool head (5-5); each vibration branch acts on the corresponding free mass block (5-20) respectively, and the ultrasonic vibration is converted into the longitudinal impact kinetic energy of the U-shaped de-icing tool head (5-16) through the inertial impact effect, so as to perform impact vibration crushing and de-icing.

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