Ditch forming device for hydraulic engineering construction

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of grab buckets, and particularly relates to a ditch forming device for hydraulic engineering construction, which comprises a fixing module, a connecting shaft and a grab bucket module connected below the fixing module, the connecting shaft is rotationally connected to the position under the fixing module, and the grab bucket module is hinged to the connecting shaft. The grab bucket module comprises a first grab bucket shell and a second grab bucket shell; the first grab bucket shell and the second grab bucket shell are symmetrically hinged to the connecting shaft; the grab bucket module further comprises a movable plate and a driving unit; the first grab bucket shell and the second grab bucket shell are combined to indirectly drive the movable plates to move oppositely, additional driving equipment is not added, the first bent arm and the second bent arm are matched with the first gear to drive the gear transmission set to start, so that the two movable plates are controlled to move oppositely, the cost can be saved, meanwhile, the fault rate is low, and operation is not affected; meanwhile, through opposite movement of the two movable plates, separation of sludge and water can be achieved as much as possible, sludge brought out is reduced, and environmental pollution is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of grab buckets, and specifically relates to a ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction. Background Art

[0002] Generally, mechanical grab buckets are required for ditch excavation. Ditch excavation and river excavation are both based on the removal and grabbing of bottom mud, and the equipment used is generally dug by mechanical grab buckets.

[0003] A Chinese patent with the publication number CN112429637A discloses a silt cleaning grab bucket, which includes a fixed plate, a hydraulic rod, a connecting arm, a grab bucket, and a grab bucket cover; the upper end of the hydraulic rod is fixed to the lower part of the fixed plate, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the grab bucket cover. The upper end of the connecting arm is hinged to the fixed plate, and the lower end is hinged to the middle of the grab bucket. The upper part of the grab bucket is hinged to the grab bucket cover; the telescopic movement of the hydraulic rod drives the connecting arm to rotate, and then drives the grab bucket to open and close; the present invention uses the hinge between multiple connecting plates and the connecting arm and the cooperation of the hydraulic rod to drive the opening and closing of the grab bucket for the grabbing and cleaning of silt and the opening and dumping; drainage holes are provided on the grab bucket to facilitate the discharge of the water grabbed when grabbing silt, improving the silt cleaning effect; a U-shaped handle is provided on the upper part of the fixed plate, which is convenient to use a mechanical lifting arm to control the extension into the sewer to clean silt, eliminating the need for manual entry and saving manpower and material resources.

[0004] Currently, in the existing technology, when grabbing and excavating the bottom silt of the ditch, a large amount of river water is easily grabbed inside the grab bucket. During the extraction process, only draining water through the drainage holes also needs to consider whether the silt will flow out along with the drainage holes. Since the bottom silt of the ditch is mixed with water, directly grabbing and taking it out, the water will carry out the silt when draining, resulting in environmental pollution. It can be understood that in order to improve the drainage of the water in the grab bucket, it is necessary to increase the size of the drainage holes, and increasing the size of the drainage holes is more likely to cause silt leakage; Therefore, the present invention provides a ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the existing technology and solve at least one of the technical problems proposed in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: A ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to the present invention includes: A fixed module, and a grab bucket module connected below the fixed module; A coupling shaft, rotatably connected directly below the fixed module, and the grab bucket module is hinged to the coupling shaft; The grab bucket module includes a first grab bucket shell and a second grab bucket shell; the first grab bucket shell and the second grab bucket shell are symmetrically hinged to the coupling shaft; The grab module further includes a movable plate and a driving unit; the movable plate is movably connected inside the first grab shell and the second grab shell and is driven by the driving unit; the driving unit is used to drive the movable plates symmetrically arranged inside the first grab shell and the second grab shell to move towards each other during the merging stage of the first grab shell and the second grab shell, so as to squeeze the silt inside the grab module.

[0007] Preferably, the driving unit includes: A first bent arm fixedly connected to the outside of the first grab shell and a second bent arm fixedly connected to the outside of the second grab shell; the first bent arm and the second bent arm are concentrically arranged; A first gear rotatably connected to the outside of the first grab shell and the outside of the second grab shell, and the two first gears are symmetrically arranged; tooth teeth are provided on the side walls of the first bent arm and the second bent arm facing the first gear, and the first bent arm and the second bent arm are respectively meshed with the first gear; A gear transmission group is arranged inside the first grab shell and the second grab shell. When the first gear is driven by the first bent arm and the second bent arm, the gear transmission group is started to drive the two movable plates to move towards each other.

[0008] Preferably, the gear transmission group includes: A synchronous gear coaxially fixedly connected to the first gear, and the synchronous gear is arranged inside the first grab shell and the second grab shell; A second gear rotatably connected inside the first grab shell and the second grab shell, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear; a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the second gear, and the transmission rod extends into the inside of the first grab shell and the second grab shell.

[0009] Preferably, a rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable plate relative to the transmission rod, and one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the other end passes through the transmission rod and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod.

[0010] Preferably, a rope is fixedly connected to one side of the movable plate, and a plurality of sliding rods are fixedly connected to the other side; the sliding rods penetrate through the side walls of the first grab shell and the second grab shell; a first spring is sleeved on the sliding rods, and the first spring is used to connect the movable plate with the first grab shell and the second grab shell.

[0011] Preferably, a gear cover is further arranged inside the grab module, and the gear cover is fixedly connected to the inside of the first grab shell and the second grab shell by screws for enclosing the synchronous gear and the second gear; the transmission rod penetrates through the gear cover; the movable plate is in sliding fit with the gear cover; Limit blocks are fixedly connected to the inside of the first grab shell and the second grab shell for clamping the gear cover.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the first grab shell and the second grab shell are further provided with fixed cutting teeth, and the bottom is also provided with a movable groove perpendicular to the fixed cutting teeth; a first limiting piece is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first grab shell, and the second bent arm slides with the first limiting piece; a second limiting piece is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second grab shell, and the first bent arm slides with the second limiting piece.

[0013] Preferably, a movable cutting tooth is also provided on the upper surface of the fixed cutting tooth, and the movable cutting tooth is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed cutting tooth; L-shaped rods are fixed at both ends of the movable cutting tooth, and the L-shaped rods are slidably connected in the movable groove; the side wall of the L-shaped rod is fixed with a limiting rod, and the limiting rod is connected to the side wall of the movable groove; a second spring is sleeved on the limiting rod, and the second spring is used to connect the side wall of the movable groove and the L-shaped rod.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the movable plate, and a triangular block is fixed to the end of the connecting rod, and the triangular block is slidably connected in the movable groove as the movable plate moves; when the triangular block moves with the movable plate, it contacts and squeezes the inclined surface of the end of the L-shaped rod, driving the L-shaped rod to slide horizontally in the movable groove.

[0015] Preferably, the fixing module includes a fixing seat, a hydraulic cylinder and a reinforcing rib; the top of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the outside of the fixing seat, and the two hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged; the reinforcing rib is fixed to the outside of the fixing seat and is staggered with the hydraulic cylinder; the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the reinforcing rib.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction described in the present invention indirectly drives the movable plates to move toward each other by combining the first grab shell and the second grab shell, without adding additional driving equipment. The first curved arm and the second curved arm cooperate with the first gear to drive the gear transmission group to start, thereby controlling the two movable plates to move toward each other. This can save costs, and has a low failure rate without affecting operations. At the same time, the two movable plates can move toward each other to achieve the separation of silt and water as much as possible, thereby reducing the carry-out of silt when water is drained out, avoiding environmental pollution.

[0017] 2. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction described in the present invention can realize the movement of the movable plates toward each other through the cooperation of the teeth on the first curved arm and the second curved arm with the first gear, and cooperate with the gear transmission group, the transmission rod and the rope, and at the same time realize the high-frequency behavior of the movable plates to quickly reset after being stretched, so that the grab bucket module can drain water while reducing the carry-out of silt during transfer, and at the same time, it can drain the silt as cleanly as possible when discharging it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 is a top view of the present invention; Figure 5 is a partial perspective view of the present invention; Figure 6 is a perspective view of the first grab shell in the present invention; Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of part a in; Figure 8 is Figure 4 a sectional view taken along line A - A in; In the figure: 10, fixed seat; 11, hydraulic cylinder; 12, reinforcing rib; 13, coupling shaft; 20, first grab shell; 200, first bent arm; 201, first limiting member; 21, second grab shell; 210, second bent arm; 211, second limiting member; 22, first gear; 221, synchronous gear; 23, gear housing; 24, movable plate; 241, slide bar; 242, first spring; 243, connecting rod; 244, triangular block; 25, movable cutting teeth; 251, L - shaped rod; 252, limiting rod; 253, second spring; 26, second gear; 261, transmission rod; 27, fixed cutting teeth; 28, limiting block; 29, movable groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0021] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, a ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction described in an embodiment of the present invention includes a fixed module, a coupling shaft 13 and a grab module connected below the fixed module; the coupling shaft 13 is rotatably connected directly below the fixed module, and the grab module is hinged to the coupling shaft 13; the grab module includes a first grab shell 20 and a second grab shell 21; the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are symmetrically hinged to the coupling shaft 13; the grab module further includes a movable plate 24 and a driving unit; the movable plate 24 is movably connected inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 and is driven by the driving unit; the driving unit is used to drive the movable plates 24 symmetrically arranged inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 to move towards each other during the merging stage of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21, so as to squeeze the silt in the grab module.

[0022] When grabbing and excavating the silt at the bottom of the ditch, a large amount of river water is easily grabbed in the grab bucket. During the extraction process, if the water is only drained through the drainage holes, it is also necessary to consider whether the silt will flow out with the drainage holes. Since the silt at the bottom of the ditch is mixed with water, if it is directly grabbed and taken out, the water will be taken out with the silt during the drainage, thus causing environmental pollution. It is understandable that in order to improve the drainage of water in the grab bucket, the size of the drainage holes needs to be increased, but increasing the size of the drainage holes is more likely to cause silt leakage; In one embodiment of the present invention, when excavating the ditch bottom silt, an excavator or crane equipment is used to sink the device to the place where the ditch bottom silt needs to be excavated, and then the fixed module is used to drive the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 to separate. At this time, the opened first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 can penetrate into the silt bottom, and then, the fixed module is used to drive the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 to merge. At this time, the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are filled with the captured ditch bottom silt, accompanied by a large amount of water. During the process of merging the first and second grab bucket shells 20, 21, controlled by an excavator (for illustration purposes) and a fixed module, the movable plates 24 are driven by the drive unit to move toward each other. This compresses the sludge and water mixture between the two movable plates 24, allowing the water mixed in the sludge to be fully discharged. The sludge and water within the underwater merged first and second grab bucket shells 20, 21 (hereinafter referred to as the bucket chamber) are now separated as much as possible. The excavator then drives the device upward. After it moves upward and out of the river channel, the water separated from the sludge within the bucket chamber is discharged through the gaps in the bucket chamber. It is worth noting that in the above description, two movable plates 24 are provided, which are respectively located inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21, and when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are merged, the two movable plates 24 will move toward each other, thereby compressing the silt in the bucket cavity, so that the water in the silt can be discharged as much as possible. At this point, after the device is brought out of the water, the water will be discharged first. Since the silt is compressed, the water discharged through the gaps in the bucket cavity or the drain holes provided will not bring out excessive silt, and will not cause pollution to the environment.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the driving unit includes: A first curved arm 200 fixedly connected to the outside of the first grab shell 20, and a second curved arm 210 fixedly connected to the outside of the second grab shell 21; the first curved arm 200 and the second curved arm 210 are arranged concentrically; A first gear 22 rotatably connected to the outside of the first grab shell 20 and the outside of the second grab shell 21, and the two first gears 22 are symmetrically arranged; teeth are provided on the side walls of the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 facing the first gear 22, and the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 are respectively engaged with the first gear 22; A gear transmission group is arranged inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. When the first gear 22 is driven by the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210, the gear transmission group is activated to drive the two movable plates 24 to move towards each other.

[0024] As described above, in the merging stage of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21, the driving unit can be used to drive the movable plates 24 to move towards each other. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are merged, the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 will slide on the outer walls of the second grab shell 21 and the first grab shell 20, and engage with the first gears 22 respectively arranged on the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. When the first gear 22 rotates, it can drive the gear transmission group to start, and the gear transmission group is used to drive the two movable plates 24 to move towards each other. That is to say, in this embodiment, only by merging the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 can the movable plates 24 be indirectly driven to move towards each other. The purpose is not to add additional driving equipment. It can be understood that if the movable plates 24 are driven by a motor or a hydraulic device, first, the requirements for the driving equipment in underwater operations are high, resulting in increased costs. Second, during long-term underwater operations, it is easy to cause damage to the driving equipment, which will affect the operation. Based on the above, in this embodiment, based on the cooperation of the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 with the first gear 22, the gear transmission group is driven to start, so as to control the two movable plates 24 to move towards each other, which can save costs, and at the same time has a low failure rate and will not affect the operation.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the gear transmission group includes: A synchronous gear 221 coaxially fixed to the first gear 22, and the synchronous gear 221 is arranged inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21; A second gear 26 rotatably connected inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21, and the second gear 26 is engaged with the first gear 22; a transmission rod 261 is fixedly connected to the middle of the second gear 26, and the transmission rod 261 extends into the interiors of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable plate 24 relative to the transmission rod 261, and one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the movable plate 24, and the other end passes through the transmission rod 261 and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 261.

[0027] As shown Figures 1 to 5 In the figure, one side of the movable plate 24 is fixedly connected with a rope, and the other side is fixedly connected with a plurality of sliding rods 241; the sliding rods 241 penetrate through the side walls of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21; a first spring 242 is sleeved on the sliding rods 241, and the first spring 242 is used to connect the movable plate 24 with the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21.

[0028] In view of the above, in an embodiment, the gear transmission group includes a synchronous gear 221 and a second gear 26. Specifically, when the first gear 22 rotates due to meshing, it can drive the synchronous gear 221 coaxial with it to rotate. The synchronous gear 221 meshes with the second gear 26. Therefore, when the synchronous gear 221 rotates, the second gear 26 can also rotate synchronously. The second gear 26 is rotationally connected to the side walls of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 through a transmission rod 261. Therefore, when the second gear 26 rotates, it can also wind a rope (not shown in the figure), so as to pull the movable plate 24 to move towards each other; it should be noted that in the initial state of the movable plate 24, there is a gap between the movable plate 24 and the side walls of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 due to the elastic force of the first spring 242. When the rope is wound, the movable plate 24 will move towards each other. At this time, the first spring 242 is stretched and elastic potential energy is generated. Here, it should be noted that since teeth are provided on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210, and the teeth mesh with the first gear 22, but the number of teeth on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 is limited. Specifically, when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are completely merged, the teeth on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 are disengaged from the first gear 22. At this time, the first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221 are no longer limited by the teeth on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210. Further, torsion springs are sleeved on the central shafts of the first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221. After the first gear 22 is driven by the teeth to rotate, the torsion spring is also compressed. When the first gear 22 is disengaged from the teeth, the torsion spring returns to its original state, and the first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221 will quickly return to their original positions, and at the same time drive the second gear 26 to reverse. The reverse rotation of the second gear 26, combined with the elastic potential energy of the first spring 242, can make the movable plate 24 quickly return to the initial state, thereby generating a vibration effect, which can vibrate and shed the silt adhering to the movable plate 24 and in the bucket cavity, avoid silt adhesion, and incomplete discharge; In addition, since the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are in a merged state at this time, although the first gear 22, the synchronous gear 221 and the second gear 26 are reset, and the movable plate 24 is also in a reset state, when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are separated from the water surface and transferred to the silt stacking area, the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 still need to be separated and the silt is discharged. At this time, the first curved arm 200 and the second curved arm 210 are displaced in the opposite direction, driving the first gear 22 to flip. At this time, the synchronous gear 221 is reversed, and the second gear 26 is also reversed. Note: the reversal of the second gear 26 here is different from the reversal after the first gear 22 is separated from the teeth. It can be understood that: assuming that the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are merged (with Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the first curved arm 200 drives the first gear 22 meshed with it to rotate 360° clockwise (depending on the implementation, it can be rotated to a smaller or larger angle), then the synchronous gear 221 rotates 360° clockwise, and the second gear 26 meshed with the synchronous gear 221 rotates 360° counterclockwise and winds the rope; when the first gear 22 is disengaged from the teeth, the first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221 rotate 360° counterclockwise, and the second gear 26 rotates 360° clockwise; when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are separated, the first curved arm 200 is meshed with the first gear 22, at this time the first gear 22 rotates 360° counterclockwise, and the synchronous gear 221 rotates 360° counterclockwise, and the second gear 26 rotates 360° clockwise. When the teeth on the first curved arm 200 are disengaged from the first gear 22, The first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221 rotate 360° clockwise, and the second gear 26 rotates 360° counterclockwise; that is, taking the merging and opening of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 as one cycle, the second gear 26 needs to first rotate 360° counterclockwise, then rotate 720° clockwise, and then rotate 360° counterclockwise. During this cycle, the movable plate 24 will be stretched twice and reset twice after stretching. Based on the above, through the teeth on the first curved arm 200 and the second curved arm 210 cooperating with the first gear 22, the gear transmission group and the transmission rod 261 and the rope, the movable plate 24 can be moved toward each other, and at the same time, the high-frequency behavior of the movable plate 24 quickly resetting after stretching can be achieved, so that when the grab module is transferred, water can be drained out while reducing the outflow of silt, and at the same time, the silt can be discharged as cleanly as possible.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a gear cover 23 is further provided inside the grab module. The gear cover 23 is screwed to the inner side of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 to enclose the synchronous gear 221 and the second gear 26. The transmission rod 261 passes through the gear cover 23. The movable plate 24 is in sliding engagement with the gear cover 23. The inner sides of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are fixedly connected with limit blocks 28 for clamping the gear housing 23.

[0030] As Figures 3 to 8 shown, fixed cutting teeth 27 are further arranged at the bottoms of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21, and movable grooves 29 perpendicular to the fixed cutting teeth 27 are also formed at the bottoms; a first limiting member 201 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first grab shell 20, and the second bent arm 210 is in sliding fit with the first limiting member 201; a second limiting member 211 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second grab shell 21, and the first bent arm 200 is in sliding fit with the second limiting member 211.

[0031] As Figures 3 to 8 shown, movable cutting teeth 25 are further arranged on the upper surface of the fixed cutting teeth 27, and the movable cutting teeth 25 are slidably connected to the surface of the fixed cutting teeth 27; L-shaped rods 251 are fixedly connected to both ends of the movable cutting teeth 25, and the L-shaped rods 251 are slidably connected in the movable grooves 29; a limiting rod 252 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the L-shaped rod 251, and the limiting rod 252 is connected through the side wall of the movable groove 29; a second spring 253 is sleeved on the limiting rod 252, and the second spring 253 is used for connecting the side wall of the movable groove 29 and the L-shaped rod 251.

[0032] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, a connecting rod 243 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable plate 24, and a triangular block 244 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod 243. The triangular block 244 is slidably connected in the movable groove 29 as the movable plate 24 moves; when the triangular block 244 moves with the movable plate 24 and contacts and presses against the inclined surface at the end of the L-shaped rod 251, the L-shaped rod 251 is driven to slide horizontally in the movable groove 29.

[0033] After the teeth on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 mesh with the first gear 22 and the movable plate 24 moves towards each other through the gear transmission group, the rope and the transmission rod 261, within the above-mentioned one cycle, the movable plate 24 will experience stretching on both sides and two resets. Therefore, in one embodiment, movable cutting teeth 25 are also provided at the bottom edges of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. The movable cutting teeth 25 are slidably matched with the fixed cutting teeth 27. Since there are usually waterweeds in the silt at the bottom of the ditch and the roots of the waterweeds are dense, it is easy to pull the grab module, resulting in the grab module requiring a greater force to break free from the entangled waterweeds. In one embodiment, due to the fact that within the above-mentioned one cycle, the movable plate 24 will be stretched and reset at a high frequency, the bottom of the movable plate 24 is connected to a connecting rod 243 and a triangular block 244. When the movable plate 24 moves towards each other, the inclined surface at the end of the L-shaped rod can be squeezed through the triangular block 244, so that the L-shaped rod can reciprocate horizontally on the surface of the fixed cutting teeth 27 under the action of the limiting rod 252 and the second spring 253. When the waterweeds are grabbed into the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21, it can be understood that the waterweeds will extend into the bucket cavity through the gaps of the fixed cutting teeth 27 at the bottom of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. If the roots of the waterweeds are rooted in the river bottom and are extremely tough, it is necessary to rely on the output of the excavator to break the waterweeds. However, in this embodiment, when the movable plate 24 is displaced, the movable cutting teeth 25 can be driven to reciprocate horizontally at a high frequency on the fixed cutting teeth 27, so as to cut the waterweeds passing through the fixed cutting teeth 27 and prevent the waterweeds from entangling the grab module and requiring the output of the excavator to break them; it should be noted that in the above description, the triangular block 244 is only arranged on one side of the movable plate 24 (such as Figure 4 shown), and L-shaped rods are provided at both ends of the movable cutting teeth 25, and the L-shaped rods are connected to the side walls of the movable groove 29 through the limiting rods 252. When the triangular block 244 squeezes the L-shaped rod, the L-shaped rod moves outwards. When the triangular block 244 resets with the movable plate 24, the L-shaped rod moves inwards.

[0034] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, the fixed module includes a fixed seat 10, a hydraulic cylinder 11 and a reinforcing rib 12; the top of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is hinged outside the fixed seat 10, and the two hydraulic cylinders 11 are symmetrically arranged; the reinforcing rib 12 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed seat 10 and is arranged in a staggered manner with the hydraulic cylinder 11; the coupling shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the reinforcing rib 12.

[0035] Working principle: When excavating the silt at the bottom of the ditch, use an excavator or a crane to sink the device to the place where the silt at the bottom of the ditch needs to be excavated. Then, use the fixing module to drive the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 to separate. At this time, the opened first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 can penetrate into the bottom of the silt. Subsequently, use the fixing module to drive the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 to merge. At this time, the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are filled with the grabbed silt at the bottom of the ditch, along with a large amount of water. During the process of the excavator (hereinafter, the excavator is taken as an example for explanation) and the fixing module controlling the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 to merge, the movable plate 24 is driven by the driving unit and thus moves towards each other. At this time, the silt and water mixture between the two movable plates 24 will be compressed, so that the water mixed in the silt is fully discharged from the silt. At this time, the silt and water inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 (hereinafter referred to as the bucket cavity) merged underwater are separated as much as possible. Subsequently, the excavator drives the device to move upward. After moving upward and leaving the river channel, the water separated from the silt in the bucket cavity will be discharged through the gaps in the bucket cavity; It should be noted that in the above description, two movable plates 24 are provided, which are respectively located inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. When the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 merge, the two movable plates 24 will move towards each other, thereby compressing the silt in the bucket cavity, so that the water in the silt is discharged as much as possible. At this point, after the device is taken out of the water surface, the water will be discharged first. Since the silt is compressed, the water discharged through the gaps in the bucket cavity or the drainage holes provided will not carry out excessive silt, and thus will not cause environmental pollution; in the merging stage of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21, the driving unit can be used to drive the movable plates 24 to move towards each other. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 merge, the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 will slide on the outer walls of the second grab shell 21 and the first grab shell 20, and engage with the first gears 22 respectively provided on the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. When the first gear 22 rotates, it can drive the gear transmission group to start, and the gear transmission group is used to drive the two movable plates 24 to move towards each other. That is to say, in this embodiment, only by the merging of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 to indirectly drive the movable plates 24 to move towards each other. The purpose is not to increase additional driving equipment. It can be understood that if the movable plates 24 are driven by a motor or a hydraulic device, first, the requirements for the driving equipment in underwater operations are high, resulting in an increase in cost; second, long-term underwater operations are likely to cause damage to the driving equipment, thereby affecting the operation. Based on the above, in this embodiment, based on the cooperation of the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 with the first gear 22, the gear transmission group is driven to start, so as to control the two movable plates 24 to move towards each other, which can save costs, and at the same time has a low failure rate and will not affect the operation.

[0036] The gear transmission group includes a synchronous gear 221 and a second gear 26. Specifically, when the first gear 22 rotates due to meshing, it can drive the synchronous gear 221 coaxial with it to rotate. The synchronous gear 221 meshes with the second gear 26. Therefore, when the synchronous gear 221 rotates, the second gear 26 can also rotate synchronously. The second gear 26 is rotationally connected to the side walls of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 through a transmission rod 261. Therefore, when the second gear 26 rotates, it can also wind the rope, thereby pulling the movable plates 24 to move towards each other. It should be noted that in the initial state, due to the elastic force of the first spring 242, there is a gap between the movable plates 24 and the side walls of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. When the rope is wound, the movable plates 24 will move towards each other. At this time, the first spring 242 is stretched and elastic potential energy is generated. Here, it should be noted that since the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 are provided with teeth that mesh with the first gear 22, but the number of teeth on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 is limited. Specifically, when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are completely merged, the teeth on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 are disengaged from the first gear 22. At this time, the first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221 are no longer limited by the teeth on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210. Furthermore, torsion springs are sleeved on the central shafts of the first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221. After the first gear 22 is driven by the teeth to rotate, the torsion spring is also compressed. When the first gear 22 is disengaged from the teeth, the torsion spring resets, and the first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221 will quickly reset, simultaneously driving the second gear 26 to reverse. The reverse rotation of the second gear 26, combined with the elastic potential energy of the first spring 242, can quickly reset the movable plates 24 to the initial state, thereby generating a vibration effect, which can vibrate and shed the silt adhering to the movable plates 24 and in the bucket cavity, avoiding silt adhesion and incomplete discharge of materials; In addition, since the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are in a merged state at this time, although the first gear 22, the synchronous gear 221, and the second gear 26 are all reset, and the movable plates 24 are also in the reset state, when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are lifted out of the water and transferred to the silt stacking area, the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 still need to be separated and the silt discharged. At this time, the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 move in the reverse direction, driving the first gear 22 to flip. At this time, the synchronous gear 221 reverses, and the second gear 26 also reverses. Note: The reverse rotation of the second gear 26 here is different from the reverse rotation after the first gear 22 is disengaged from the teeth as described above. It can be understood that when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are merged (taking Figure 2As shown in the figure, the first curved arm 200 drives the first gear 22 meshed with it to rotate 360° clockwise (depending on the implementation, it can be rotated to a smaller or larger angle), then the synchronous gear 221 rotates 360° clockwise, and the second gear 26 meshed with the synchronous gear 221 rotates 360° counterclockwise and winds the rope; when the first gear 22 is disengaged from the teeth, the first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221 rotate 360° counterclockwise, and the second gear 26 rotates 360° clockwise; when the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 are separated, the first curved arm 200 is meshed with the first gear 22, at this time the first gear 22 rotates 360° counterclockwise, and the synchronous gear 221 rotates 360° counterclockwise, and the second gear 26 rotates 360° clockwise. When the teeth on the first curved arm 200 are disengaged from the first gear 22, The first gear 22 and the synchronous gear 221 rotate 360° clockwise, and the second gear 26 rotates 360° counterclockwise; that is, taking the merging and opening of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21 as one cycle, the second gear 26 needs to rotate 360° counterclockwise first, then rotate 720° clockwise, and then rotate 360° counterclockwise. During this cycle, the movable plate 24 will be stretched twice and reset twice after stretching. Based on the above, through the teeth on the first curved arm 200 and the second curved arm 210 cooperating with the first gear 22, the gear transmission group and the transmission rod 261 and the rope, the movable plate 24 can be moved toward each other, and at the same time, the high-frequency behavior of the movable plate 24 quickly resetting after stretching can be achieved, so that when the grab module is transferred, water can be drained out while reducing the outflow of silt, and at the same time, the silt can be discharged as cleanly as possible; The teeth on the first bent arm 200 and the second bent arm 210 are engaged with the first gear 22, and after the moving plate 24 moves towards each other through the gear transmission group, the rope and the transmission rod 261, within the above-mentioned one cycle, the moving plate 24 will experience stretching on both sides and two resets. Therefore, in one embodiment, movable cutting teeth 25 are further provided at the bottom edges of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. The movable cutting teeth 25 are in sliding fit with the fixed cutting teeth 27. Since there are usually waterweeds in the silt at the bottom of the ditch and the roots of the waterweeds are dense, it is easy to pull the grab module, resulting in the grab module requiring a greater force to break free from the entangled waterweeds. In one embodiment, within the above-mentioned one cycle, the moving plate 24 will be stretched and reset at a high frequency. Therefore, a connecting rod 243 and a triangular block 244 are connected to the bottom of the moving plate 24. When the moving plate 24 moves towards each other, the inclined surface at the end of the L-shaped rod can be squeezed through the triangular block 244, so that the L-shaped rod can reciprocate horizontally on the surface of the fixed cutting teeth 27 under the action of the limiting rod 252 and the second spring 253. When the waterweeds are caught inside the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21, it can be understood that the waterweeds will extend into the bucket cavity through the gaps of the fixed cutting teeth 27 at the bottom of the first grab shell 20 and the second grab shell 21. If the roots of the waterweeds are rooted in the river bottom and have sufficient toughness, it is necessary to rely on the output of the excavator to break the waterweeds. However, in this embodiment, when the moving plate 24 is displaced, the movable cutting teeth 25 can be driven to reciprocate horizontally at a high speed and frequency on the fixed cutting teeth 27, so as to cut the waterweeds passing through the fixed cutting teeth 27 and avoid the waterweeds entangling the grab module and requiring the output of the excavator to break them; it should be noted that in the above description, the triangular block 244 is only arranged on one side of the moving plate 24 (as Figure 4 shown), and L-shaped rods are provided at both ends of the movable cutting teeth 25, and the L-shaped rods are connected to the side wall of the movable groove 29 through the limiting rods 252. When the triangular block 244 squeezes the L-shaped rod, the L-shaped rod moves outwards. When the triangular block 244 resets with the moving plate 24, the L-shaped rod moves inwards.

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction, characterized in that: Comprising: A fixed module, and a grab module connected below the fixed module; A coupling shaft (13), rotatably connected directly below the fixed module, and the grab module is hinged on the coupling shaft (13); The grab module includes a first grab shell (20) and a second grab shell (21); the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21) are symmetrically hinged on the coupling shaft (13); The grab module further includes a movable plate (24) and a driving unit; the movable plate (24) is movably connected inside the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21), and is driven by the driving unit; the driving unit is used to drive the movable plates (24) symmetrically arranged inside the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21) to move towards each other during the merging stage of the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21), so as to extrude the silt inside the grab module.

2. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 1, wherein: The driving unit includes: A first bent arm (200) fixedly connected to the outside of the first grab shell (20), and a second bent arm (210) fixedly connected to the outside of the second grab shell (21); the first bent arm (200) and the second bent arm (210) are concentrically arranged; A first gear (22) rotatably connected to the outside of the first grab shell (20) and the outside of the second grab shell (21), and the two first gears (22) are symmetrically arranged; teeth are provided on the side walls of the first bent arm (200) and the second bent arm (210) facing the first gear (22), and the first bent arm (200) and the second bent arm (210) are respectively meshed with the first gear (22); A gear transmission group is arranged inside the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21). When the first gear (22) is driven by the first bent arm (200) and the second bent arm (210), the gear transmission group is activated to drive the two movable plates (24) to move towards each other.

3. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear transmission group includes: A synchronous gear (221) coaxially fixedly connected to the first gear (22), and the synchronous gear (221) is arranged inside the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21); A second gear (26) rotatably connected inside the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21), and the second gear (26) is meshed with the first gear (22); a transmission rod (261) is fixedly connected to the middle of the second gear (26), and the transmission rod (261) extends into the inside of the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21).

4. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable plate (24) relative to the transmission rod (261), and one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the movable plate (24), and the other end passes through the transmission rod (261) and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (261).

5. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rope is fixedly connected to one side of the movable plate (24), and a plurality of sliding rods (241) are fixedly connected to the other side; the sliding rods (241) penetrate through the side walls of the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21); a first spring (242) is sleeved on the sliding rods (241), and the first spring (242) is used to connect the movable plate (24) with the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21).

6. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: Inside the grab module, a gear housing (23) is also provided. The gear housing (23) is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21) by screws, and is used to enclose the synchronous gear (221) and the second gear (26). The transmission rod (261) passes through the gear housing (23). The movable plate (24) is in sliding fit with the gear housing (23). On the inner sides of the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21), a limiting block (28) is fixedly connected, which is used to clamp the gear housing (23).

7. A ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: At the bottom of the first grab shell (20) and the second grab shell (21), fixed cutting teeth (27) are also provided, and a movable groove (29) perpendicular to the fixed cutting teeth (27) is also opened at the bottom. A first limiting member (201) is fixedly connected to the outside of the first grab shell (20), and the second bent arm (210) is in sliding fit with the first limiting member (201). A second limiting member (211) is fixedly connected to the outside of the second grab shell (21), and the first bent arm (200) is in sliding fit with the second limiting member (211).

8. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: On the upper surface of the fixed cutting teeth (27), movable cutting teeth (25) are also provided. The movable cutting teeth (25) are slidably connected to the surface of the fixed cutting teeth (27). At both ends of the movable cutting teeth (25), L-shaped rods (251) are fixedly connected, and the L-shaped rods (251) are slidably connected in the movable groove (29). A limiting rod (252) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the L-shaped rod (251), and the limiting rod (252) is connected through the side wall of the movable groove (29). A second spring (253) is sleeved on the limiting rod (252), and the second spring (253) is used to connect the side wall of the movable groove (29) and the L-shaped rod (251).

9. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: At the bottom of the movable plate (24), a connecting rod (243) is fixedly connected, and at the end of the connecting rod (243), a triangular block (244) is fixedly connected. The triangular block (244) slides in the movable groove (29) as the movable plate (24) moves. When the triangular block (244) moves with the movable plate (24) and contacts and presses the inclined surface at the end of the L-shaped rod (251), it drives the L-shaped rod (251) to slide horizontally in the movable groove (29).

10. The ditch opening device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixed module includes a fixed seat (10), a hydraulic cylinder (11) and a reinforcing rib (12). The top of the hydraulic cylinder (11) is hinged to the outside of the fixed seat (10), and two hydraulic cylinders (11) are symmetrically arranged. The reinforcing rib (12) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed seat (10) and is arranged in a staggered manner with the hydraulic cylinder (11). The coupling shaft (13) is rotatably connected to the reinforcing rib (12).

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