A variable distance double-layer fork mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a variable-distance double-layer fork mechanism, which relates to the technical field of forks. The present invention includes an equipment housing, a double-layer rack is fixed inside the equipment housing, and fork devices are provided on both sides of the two layers of the double-layer rack, and the fork device includes two U-shaped guide rails fixed on the top of the double-layer rack plate, and two slides slidably installed inside the two U-shaped guide rails. The two slides are respectively provided with fork arm one, fork arm two, and fork arm three on the side close to the center of the double-layer rack, and a number of bearing wheels are evenly and equidistantly installed on the outer walls of the fork arm one and the fork arm two. The present invention realizes the function of taking only the middle turnover box of the whole stack through the setting of the fork device, which meets the demand of taking the middle turnover box of a single stack of products, saves a lot of turnover time, and through the material-taking method of lifting the turnover box flange, within the load range, the number of shelf layers can be reduced and the utilization rate of the site space can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cargo forks, in particular to a variable-distance double-layer cargo fork mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Automatic reclaim forks are widely used in the intelligent warehousing industry. As market demands evolve, so too do the requirements for them. Automatic reclaim forks are a type of material handling device that utilizes an automated control system. They reduce manual labor, improve efficiency, and adapt to complex working environments. Featuring a high degree of automation, precision, and safety, they are particularly well-suited for efficient and accurate warehouse management and material distribution.

[0003] However, most forks currently are designed to pick up a single layer or single tray of products at one time. If multiple boxes are stacked on a stack of products, only the middle box needs to be taken. The single fork mode is more complicated to implement. Therefore, we propose a variable-distance double-layer fork mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a variable-distance double-layer fork mechanism, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a variable-distance double-layer fork mechanism, including an equipment housing, a double-layer frame fixed inside the equipment housing, and fork devices are provided on both sides of the two layers of the double-layer frame, and the fork device includes two U-shaped guide rails fixed on the top of the double-layer frame plate, and two slides slidably installed in the two U-shaped guide rails, and a fork arm 1, a fork arm 2, and a fork arm 3 are sequentially provided on the side of the two slides close to the center of the double-layer frame, and a plurality of bearing wheels are evenly and equidistantly mounted on the outer walls of the fork arm 1 and the fork arm 2 for rotating. The plurality of bearing wheels corresponding to the fork arm 1 are used to guide and support the fork arm 2, and the plurality of bearing wheels corresponding to the fork arm 2 are used to guide and support the fork arm 3. The fork arm 1, the fork arm 2 and the fork arm 3 are driven by a transmission chain assembly, and the transmission chain assembly is an existing device for driving the fork arm 2 and the fork arm 3 to deploy and move from one fork arm. It will not be elaborated here. A driving assembly is provided on the outside of the fork arm 1, and the driving assembly is used to drive the fork arm 1 to move laterally. The driving assembly includes a fixed plate, a gear sleeve, a screw, a gear ring, and a servo motor. The fixed plate is fixed to the top of the layer plate of the double-layer rack, the servo motor is fixed to the upper outer wall of the fixed plate, the gear ring is fixed to the outer wall of the output end of the servo motor, the screw is fixed to the outer wall of the fork arm 1, and a circular hole for the screw to pass through is opened on the lower outer wall of the fixed plate, and the gear sleeve is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed plate. The inside of the gear sleeve is connected to the external thread of the lead screw, and several load-bearing plates are fixed to the top of the side of the fork arm three away from the fork arm two, and an electric push rod is fixed to the rear side of the side of the fork arm three away from the fork arm two, and an elastic telescopic rod one is fixed to the front side of the side of the fork arm three away from the fork arm two, and a top plate is fixed between the electric push rod and the top of the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod one, and several pads are fixed on the top of the top plate, and the pads pass through the bottom of the load-bearing plate, and the top of the pads and the top of the load-bearing plate are on the same horizontal plane. When multiple turnover boxes are stacked on a pile of products and only the middle turnover box needs to be taken, the two-layer conveyor chain assemblies respectively drive the two-layer fork arms and the three-layer fork arms to expand and move from one place of the fork arms until the three-layer fork arms of the two layers move to The turnover box is positioned, and the fork arm three moves with the load-bearing plate to the flange edge of the turnover box. Then, the upper electric push rod is started first, and the telescopic end of the upper electric push rod pushes the top plate to drive the pad to move upward, and the upper pad lifts the upper turnover box. At this time, the upper turnover box and the lower turnover box are separated up and down, and the upper turnover box is no longer stacked on the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out). Then, the lower electric push rod is started, and the telescopic end of the lower electric push rod pushes the top plate to drive the pad to move upward, and the lower pad lifts the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out). Then, the lower conveyor chain assembly drives the lower fork arm two and fork arm three to retract, and the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out) is put into the double-layer rack, thereby completing the turnover box picking operation.

[0006] When the forklift truck is in a state of emergency, the forklift truck will be in a state of emergency, and the rear end of the forklift truck will be in a state of emergency, and the forklift truck will be in a state of emergency when the forklift truck is in a state of emergency. The U-shaped limit rod is pulled by the sliding column to drive the U-shaped limit rod to swing (from the state where the V-shaped limit rod and the cargo fork arm are at 90 degrees to the state where the V-shaped limit rod and the cargo fork arm are at 90 degrees), so that the V-shaped limit rod no longer forms an obstruction at the three locations of the cargo fork arm.

[0007] The U-shaped push plate is slidably mounted on the bottom of the double-layer rack, and sliders are slidably mounted on both sides of the rear side of the U-shaped push plate. A spring is provided between the slider and the front side of the lower outer wall of the Z-shaped rod. A positioning column is fixed to the rear side of the slider, and the two positioning columns pass through the lower outer walls of the two Z-shaped rods respectively. The front side of the U-shaped push plate is on the same horizontal plane as the front side of the double-layer rack of the equipment. When the fork arm 2 is extended and moved from one position of the fork arm, the fork arm 2 drives the U-shaped push plate to move along with it through the Z-shaped rod, the slider and the spring corresponding to the slider until the U-shaped push plate is against the outer wall of the turnover box below the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out). As the fork arm 2 drives the Z-shaped rod to continue to move, the U-shaped push plate has been against the outer wall of the turnover box below, so the U-shaped push plate will no longer move, and the Z-shaped rod moves along the outside of the positioning column and leans against the U-shaped push plate. Under the spring force corresponding to the slider, the slider can push the U-shaped push plate close to the outer wall of the turnover box below.

[0008] The two L-shaped telescopic columns are fixed on one side of the lower outer wall of the two Z-rods and are away from each other, and one end of the L-shaped telescopic column away from the Z-rod is slidably installed in the Z-shaped groove of the Z-track groove plate. A distance of fifty centimeters is left between the vertical posts of the two L-shaped side stop posts and the front side of the double-layer rack, and the two L-shaped side stop posts are respectively located on both sides of the U-shaped push plate. On the side, when the Z-shaped rod moves along the outside of the positioning column and leans against the U-shaped push plate, the Z-shaped rod drives the L-shaped telescopic column to move along with it, and the L-shaped telescopic column slides along the Z-groove of the Z-shaped track groove plate, and the L-shaped telescopic column pushes the Z-shaped track groove plate to drive the L-shaped side block column to move toward the center of the U-shaped push plate, and the L-shaped side block column drives the elastic telescopic rod 2 to move along the bottom of the U-shaped push plate toward the center of the U-shaped push plate until the L-shaped side block column is against the side walls of the upper turnover box and the lower turnover box. After the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out) is put into the double-layer rack, the L-shaped side block column and the U-shaped push plate are reset to their initial state. Then, the fork mechanism is driven downward as a whole by the external lifting module. At this time, the upper fork device can place the upper turnover box lifted by the bucket on the top of the turnover box below.

[0009] The present invention provides a variable-distance double-layer fork mechanism. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] (1) The present invention realizes the function of taking only the middle turnover box from the whole stack by setting the fork device, which meets the demand of taking the middle turnover box from a single stack of products, saving a lot of turnover time. In addition, by lifting the turnover box flange to take materials, the number of shelf layers can be reduced within the load range and the utilization rate of the site space can be improved. At the same time, the servo motor, gear ring, gear sleeve and screw are coordinated to make the distance between the fork devices on both sides adjustable to adapt to different types of turnover boxes.

[0011] (2) The present invention sets a limit device. After the fork arm 3 takes the goods and puts them away, the fork arm 3, U-shaped sleeve, resistance rod, equipment housing, sliding column and U-shaped rod cooperate to drive the V-shaped limit rod to swing. The V-shaped limit rod re-forms a block at the fork arm 3. The blocking effect of the V-shaped limit rod can prevent the turnover box from shifting when the fork arm 3 is in a horizontal state. Especially when transporting turnover boxes, it effectively prevents the goods from sliding or falling during the handling process, ensuring the safety of the goods in the turnover box.

[0012] (3) The present invention sets up a stacking device. Each time the fork arm 2 is extended and moved from one position of the fork arm, the fork arm 2, the Z-shaped rod, the slider and the slider cooperate to drive the U-shaped push plate to press against the outer wall of the turnover box below, so that the fork mechanism can stably grab the lower turnover box during the picking process, avoiding the tilting or falling of the items caused by the inaccurate docking of the lower turnover box with the turnover box below; at the same time, the Z-shaped rod, the positioning column, the U-shaped push plate, the L-shaped telescopic column and the Z-shaped track groove plate cooperate to drive the L-shaped side stop column to abut against the side walls of the upper turnover box and the turnover box below. The L-shaped side stop column can correct the position of the upper turnover box and the turnover box below, so that the L-shaped side stop column can effectively prevent the fork mechanism from excessively tilting when placing the turnover box, especially when placing the upper turnover box, which can avoid the problem of misalignment between the upper turnover box and the turnover box below, thereby improving the safety of the entire operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole Figure 1 ;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole Figure 2 ;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole Figure 3 ;

[0016] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fork device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fork device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0018] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the limiting device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the limiting device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the stacking device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the stacking device of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0022] Figure: 1. Equipment housing; 2. Double-layer rack; 3. Fork assembly; 31. U-shaped guide rail; 32. Slide plate; 33. Fork arm 1; 34. Fork arm 2; 35. Fork arm 3; 36. Bearing wheel; 37. Drive assembly; 371. Fixed plate; 372. Gear sleeve; 373. Lead screw; 374. Gear ring; 375. Servo motor; 38. Loading plate; 39. Electric push rod; 310. Top plate; 31 1. Elastic telescopic rod 1; 312. Spacer; 4. Limiting device; 41. Resistance rod; 42. U-shaped sleeve; 43. U-shaped rod; 44. Sliding column; 45. V-shaped limiting rod; 46. Shaft block; 5. Stacking device; 51. Z-shaped rod; 52. Positioning column; 53. Sliding block; 54. U-shaped push plate; 55. Elastic telescopic rod 2; 56. L-shaped side stop column; 57. Z-shaped track groove plate; 58. L-shaped telescopic column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0024] See also Figures 1-9The present invention provides a technical solution: a variable-distance double-layer fork mechanism, including an equipment housing 1, a double-layer frame 2 is fixed inside the equipment housing 1, and a fork device 3 is set on both sides of the two layers of the double-layer frame 2. The fork device 3 includes two U-shaped guide rails 31 fixed to the top of the double-layer frame 2, and two slides 32 slidably installed inside the two U-shaped guide rails 31. The two slides 32 are sequentially provided with a fork arm 1 33, a fork arm 2 34, and a fork arm 35 on the side close to the center of the double-layer frame 2. The outer walls of the fork arm 1 33 and the fork arm 2 34 are evenly and equidistantly mounted with a plurality of bearing wheels 36. The plurality of bearing wheels 36 corresponding to the fork arm 1 33 are used to guide and support the fork arm 2 34. The plurality of bearing wheels 36 corresponding to the fork arm 2 34 are used to guide and support the fork arm 3 35. The fork arm 1 33, the fork arm 2 34 and the fork arm 3 35 are driven by a transmission chain assembly. The transmission chain assembly is an existing device for driving the fork arm 2 34 and the fork arm 3 35 to move from the fork arm 1 33. It will not be elaborated on here. A driving assembly 37 is provided on the outside of the fork arm 1 33. The driving assembly 37 is used to drive the fork arm 1 33 to move laterally. The driving assembly 37 includes a fixed plate 371, a gear sleeve 372, a screw 373, a gear ring 374, and a servo motor 375. The fixed plate 371 is fixed to the top of the layer plate of the double-layer rack 2, and the servo motor 375 is fixed to the fixed plate 37 1, the gear ring 374 is fixed to the outer wall of the output end of the servo motor 375, the lead screw 373 is fixed to the outer wall of the fork arm 1 33, and a circular hole for the lead screw 373 to pass through is opened on the lower outer wall of the fixed plate 371. The gear sleeve 372 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed plate 371, and the interior of the gear sleeve 372 is threadedly connected to the external surface of the lead screw 373. A plurality of bearing plates 38 are fixed to the top of the side of the fork arm 35 away from the fork arm 2 34, an electric push rod 39 is fixed to the rear side of the side of the fork arm 35 away from the fork arm 2 34, and an elastic telescopic rod 1 311 is fixed to the front side of the side of the fork arm 35 away from the fork arm 2 34. The electric push rod 39 and the elastic telescopic rod 1 311 are extended. A top plate 310 is fixed between the tops of the contracted ends, and a number of pads 312 are fixed on the top of the top plate 310. The pads 312 pass through the bottom of the load-bearing plate 38, and the tops of the pads 312 and the tops of the load-bearing plate 38 are on the same horizontal plane. Through the arrangement of the above structure, the function of taking only the middle turnover box of the whole stack is realized, which meets the demand of taking the middle turnover box of a single stack of products, saves a lot of turnover time, and through the material-taking method of lifting the turnover box flange, within the load range, the number of shelf layers can be reduced and the utilization rate of the site space can be improved. At the same time, the servo motor 375, the gear ring 374, the gear sleeve 372, and the screw 373 cooperate so that the distance between the fork devices 3 on both sides can be adjusted to adapt to different types of turnover boxes.

[0025] According to the above technical solution, a limiting device 4 is provided at the third fork arm 35, and the limiting device 4 includes a U-shaped sleeve 42, an axle block 46, and a V-shaped limiting rod 45. The axle block 46 is fixed to the front side of the third fork arm 35, and the middle part of the V-shaped limiting rod 45 is hinged to the bottom of the axle block 46. A U-shaped rod 43 is fixed to the bottom of the side of the V-shaped limiting rod 45 close to the second fork arm 34. The U-shaped sleeve 42 is fixed to the side of the third fork arm 35 close to the second fork arm 34. A resisting rod 41 is slidably installed inside the U-shaped sleeve 42, and a resisting rod 41 is provided between the rear side of the resisting rod 41 and the outer wall of the U-shaped sleeve 42. There is a spring, and a sliding column 44 is fixed to the bottom of the front side of the resistance rod 41. The sliding column 44 is slidably installed inside the U-shaped rod 43, and the rear side of the resistance rod 41 is in contact with the inner wall of the equipment housing 1. Through the arrangement of the above structure, after the fork arm three 35 has taken up the goods and put them away, the V-shaped limit rod 45 forms a blockage at the fork arm three 35. The blocking effect of the V-shaped limit rod 45 can prevent the turnover box from shifting when the fork arm three 35 is in the horizontal state, especially when transporting the turnover box, it effectively prevents the goods from sliding or falling during the handling process, and ensures the safety of the goods in the turnover box.

[0026] According to the above technical solution, a stacking device 5 is provided at the equipment housing 1, and the stacking device 5 includes two Z-shaped rods 51 and a U-shaped push plate 54. The two Z-shaped rods 51 are respectively fixed to the rear bottom of the fork arms 34 on both sides. The U-shaped push plate 54 is slidably installed at the bottom of the double-layer rack 2. Sliders 53 are slidably installed on both sides of the rear side of the U-shaped push plate 54. A spring is provided between the slider 53 and the front side of the lower outer wall of the Z-shaped rod 51. A positioning column 52 is fixed to the rear side of the slider 53, and the two positioning columns 52 respectively penetrate the two Z The lower outer wall of the U-shaped rod 51 and the front side of the U-shaped push plate 54 are on the same horizontal plane as the front side of the double-layer frame 2 of the equipment. Every time the second fork arm 34 is extended and moved from the first fork arm 33, the above-mentioned structure is set up to make the U-shaped push plate 54 close to the outer wall of the turnover box below, so that the fork mechanism can stably grab the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out) during the picking process, avoiding the tilting or falling of items due to inaccurate docking between the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out) and the turnover box below.

[0027] According to the above technical solution, the stacking device 5 also includes two elastic telescopic rods 55 and two L-shaped telescopic columns 58. The fixed ends of the two elastic telescopic rods 55 are slidably mounted on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped push plate 54. The telescopic ends of the two elastic telescopic rods 55 are fixed on the side away from each other. L-shaped side blocking columns 56 are fixed to the lower rear sides of the two L-shaped side blocking columns 56. A Z-shaped track groove plate 57 is fixed to the top of the Z-shaped track groove plate 57. A Z-shaped groove is provided. The two L-shaped telescopic columns 58 are respectively fixed to the side away from each other on the lower outer wall of the two Z-shaped rods 51. The end of the L-shaped telescopic column 58 away from the Z-shaped rod 51 is slidably mounted in the Z-shaped track groove Inside the Z-shaped groove of the plate 57, there is a distance of fifty centimeters between the vertical columns of the two L-shaped side blocks 56 and the front side of the double-layer rack 2. The two L-shaped side blocks 56 are respectively located on both sides of the U-shaped push plate 54. Through the arrangement of the above structure, the L-shaped side blocks 56 are abutted against the side walls of the upper turnover box and the lower turnover box. The L-shaped side blocks 56 can correct the positions of the upper turnover box and the lower turnover box, so that the L-shaped side blocks 56 can effectively prevent the fork mechanism from excessively tilting when placing the turnover box, especially when placing the upper turnover box, the problem of misalignment between the upper turnover box and the lower turnover box can be avoided, thereby improving the safety of the entire operation process.

[0028] During use, when multiple turnover boxes are stacked on a pile of products and only the middle turnover box needs to be taken, the conveyor chain assemblies of the two layers respectively drive the fork arms 2 34 and the fork arms 35 of the two layers to expand and move from the fork arms 1 33 until the fork arms 35 of the two layers move to the turnover box position, and the fork arms 35 move with the carrying plate 38 to the flange edge of the turnover box. Then, the electric push rod 39 of the upper layer is started first, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 39 of the upper layer pushes the top plate 310 to drive the cushion block 312 to move upward, and the cushion block 312 of the upper layer lifts the upper turnover box. At this time, the upper turnover box is separated from the lower turnover box up and down, and the upper turnover box is no longer stacked on the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out). It should be noted that the telescopic end position of the electric push rod 39 of the lower layer here is The moving distance is only half of the displacement distance of the telescopic end of the upper electric push rod 39. Therefore, the telescopic end of the lower electric push rod 39 will not drive the lifted lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out) to contact the bottom of the upper turnover box after it is extended. Then, the lower electric push rod 39 is started, and the telescopic end of the lower electric push rod 39 pushes the top plate 310 to drive the cushion block 312 to move upward. The cushion block 312 of the lower layer lifts the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out), and then the lower conveying chain assembly drives the lower fork arm 2 34 and the fork arm 3 35 to retract, and the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out) is put into the double-layer rack 2, thereby completing the turnover box picking operation. The fork mechanism in the present invention is changed from the traditional clamping method to the flange edge of the lifting turnover box.

[0029] It should be noted that due to the different models of turnover boxes, turnover boxes of different sizes are usually placed on warehouse shelves. Before each use of the fork mechanism, the distance between the fork devices 3 on both sides can be adjusted according to the width of the turnover box, and the servo motor 375 is started. The output end of the servo motor 375 drives the gear ring 374 to rotate, and the gear ring 374 drives the gear sleeve 372 to rotate. The gear sleeve 372 drives the lead screw 373 to push the fork arm 33 and the slide plate 32 to move along the inside of the U-shaped guide rail 31, so that the fork arm 33 is away from or close to the center of the double-layer rack 2, so that the distance between the fork devices 3 on both sides can be adjusted to adapt to different models of turnover boxes.

[0030] When the fork arm 35 is moved from the fork arm 1 33 to the fork arm 2 34 , the fork arm 35 drives the contact rod 41 to move along with it through the U-shaped sleeve 42 . At this time, the contact rod 41 does not abut against the inner wall of the equipment housing 1 . Under the elastic force between the contact rod 41 and the U-shaped sleeve 42 , the contact rod 41 pops out from the U-shaped sleeve 42 , and the contact rod 41 drives the sliding column 44 to move backward , The sliding column 44 slides along the U-shaped rod 43 , and the sliding column 44 pulls the U-shaped rod 43 to drive the V-shaped limit rod 45 to swing (from the V-shaped limit rod 45 and the fork arm 3 35 at a ninety-degree state to the V-shaped limit rod 45 and the fork arm 3 35 being in a horizontal state), so that the V-shaped limit rod 45 is no longer in the position of the fork arm 3 The fork arm 35 is blocked at 35, and after the fork arm 35 has taken up the goods and put them away, the fork arm 35 drives the resistance rod 41 to resist the inner wall of the equipment housing 1 again through the U-shaped sleeve 42, and the resistance rod 41 drives the sliding column 44 to push the U-shaped rod 43 to drive the V-shaped limit rod 45 to swing (the V-shaped limit rod 45 and the fork arm 35 are in a horizontal state, and the V-shaped limit rod 45 and the fork arm 35 are in a ninety-degree state). The V-shaped limit rod 45 forms a blockage at the fork arm 35 again. The blocking effect of the V-shaped limit rod 45 can prevent the turnover box from shifting in the horizontal state of the fork arm 35, especially when transporting turnover boxes, effectively preventing the goods from sliding or falling during the handling process, thereby ensuring the safety of the goods in the turnover box.

[0031] When the fork arm 2 is extended and moved from the fork arm 1 33 , the fork arm 2 34 drives the U-shaped push plate 54 to move along with it through the Z-shaped rod 51 , the slider 53 and the spring corresponding to the slider 53 until the U-shaped push plate 54 abuts against the outer wall of the turnover box below the lower layer (the turnover box that needs to be taken out). As the fork arm 2 34 drives the Z-shaped rod 51 to continue moving, since the U-shaped push plate 54 has abutted against the outer wall of the turnover box below, the U-shaped push plate 54 will no longer move, and the Z-shaped rod 51 moves along the outside of the positioning column 52 and leans against the U-shaped push plate 54. Under the spring force corresponding to the slider 53, the slider 53 can push the U-shaped push plate 54 to fit closely against the outer wall of the turnover box below, so that the fork mechanism can stably grab the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out) during the picking process, avoiding the tilting or falling of items caused by the inaccurate docking of the lower turnover box (the turnover box that needs to be taken out) with the turnover box below.

[0032] It should be noted that a through opening for the Z-shaped rod 51 is provided under the double-layer rack 2. When the fork arm 33 moves away from or close to the center of the double-layer rack 2, the Z-shaped rod 51 will drive the slider 53 to move toward the center of the U-shaped push plate 54 through the positioning column 52, so that the existence of the Z-shaped rod 51, the positioning column 52, and the slider 53 will not interfere with the displacement of the fork arm 33.

[0033] When the Z-shaped rod 51 moves along the outside of the positioning column 52 and leans against the U-shaped push plate 54, the Z-shaped rod 51 drives the L-shaped telescopic column 58 to move along with it, and the L-shaped telescopic column 58 slides along the Z-shaped groove of the Z-shaped track groove plate 57, and the L-shaped telescopic column 58 pushes the Z-shaped track groove plate 57 to drive the L-shaped side block column 56 to move toward the center of the U-shaped push plate 54, and the L-shaped side block column 56 drives the elastic telescopic rod 2 55 to move along the bottom of the U-shaped push plate 54 toward the center of the U-shaped push plate 54 until the L-shaped side block column 56 abuts against the side walls of the upper turnover box and the turnover box below, After the turnover box is put into the double-layer rack 2, the L-shaped side block column 56 and the U-shaped push plate 54 are reset to the initial state. Then, the fork mechanism is driven to move downward as a whole by the external lifting module. At this time, the upper fork device 3 can place the upper turnover box lifted by the bucket on the top of the turnover box below. The L-shaped side block column 56 can correct the position of the upper turnover box and the turnover box below, so that the L-shaped side block column 56 can effectively prevent the fork mechanism from being excessively tilted when placing the turnover box, especially when placing the upper turnover box, it can avoid the problem of misalignment between the upper turnover box and the turnover box below, thereby improving the safety of the entire operation process.

[0034] It should be noted that the overall downward movement of the fork mechanism is achieved by an external lifting module. The external lifting module is an existing device for controlling the up and down movement of the fork mechanism, which will not be elaborated on here.

[0035] It should also be noted that since the elastic telescopic rod 2 55 and the L-shaped telescopic column 58 are telescopic structures, after the L-shaped side block 56 abuts against the side wall of the turnover box below, the L-shaped side block 56 continues to move, and the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic rod 2 55 and the L-shaped telescopic column 58 will be stretched, thereby allowing the L-shaped side block 56 to adapt to different models of turnover boxes.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable distance double-layer fork mechanism, comprising a device housing (1), characterized in that: A double-layer frame (2) is fixed inside the equipment housing (1), and a fork device (3) is provided on both sides of the two layers of the double-layer frame (2). The fork device (3) includes two U-shaped guide rails (31) fixed on the top of the double-layer frame (2), and two slides (32) slidably installed inside the two U-shaped guide rails (31). A fork arm 1 (33), a fork arm 2 (34), and a fork arm 3 (35) are sequentially provided on one side of the two slides (32) close to the center of the double-layer frame (2). The outer walls of the fork arm 1 (33) and the fork arm 2 (34) are evenly and equidistantly rotated with a plurality of bearing wheels (36). The fork arm 1 (33), the fork arm 2 (34), and The fork arms 3 (35) are driven by a transmission chain assembly, a driving assembly (37) is provided on the outside of the fork arm 1 (33), a plurality of bearing plates (38) are fixed to the top of the side of the fork arm 3 (35) away from the fork arm 2 (34), an electric push rod (39) is fixed to the rear side of the side of the fork arm 3 (35) away from the fork arm 2 (34), an elastic telescopic rod 1 (311) is fixed to the front side of the side of the fork arm 3 (35) away from the fork arm 2 (34), a top plate (310) is fixed between the electric push rod (39) and the top of the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 1 (311), and a plurality of pads (312) are fixed to the top of the top plate (310); A stacking device (5) is provided at the equipment housing (1), and the stacking device (5) includes two Z-shaped rods (51) and a U-shaped push plate (54). The two Z-shaped rods (51) are respectively fixed to the rear bottom of the two fork arms (34) on both sides. The U-shaped push plate (54) is slidably installed at the bottom of the double-layer rack (2). Sliders (53) are slidably installed on both sides of the rear side of the U-shaped push plate (54). A spring is provided between the slide block (53) and the front side of the lower outer wall of the Z-shaped rod (51). A positioning column (52) is fixed to the rear side of the slide block (53), and the two positioning columns (52) respectively penetrate the lower outer walls of the two Z-shaped rods (51). The stacking device (5) further comprises two elastic telescopic rods (55) and two L-shaped telescopic columns (58). The fixed ends of the two elastic telescopic rods (55) are respectively slidably mounted on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped push plate (54). The telescopic ends of the two elastic telescopic rods (55) are each fixed with an L-shaped side blocking column (56) on the side away from each other. The lower rear sides of the two L-shaped side blocking columns (56) are each fixed with a Z-shaped track groove plate (57). The top of the Z-shaped track groove plate (57) is provided with a Z-shaped groove. The two L-shaped telescopic columns (58) are respectively fixed to the side away from each other of the lower outer walls of the two Z-shaped rods (51). The end of the L-shaped telescopic column (58) away from the Z-shaped rod (51) is slidably mounted inside the Z-shaped groove of the Z-shaped track groove plate (57).

2. The variable distance double-layer fork mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (37) is used to drive the fork arm (33) to move laterally. The driving assembly (37) includes a fixed plate (371), a gear sleeve (372), a lead screw (373), a gear ring (374), and a servo motor (375). The fixed plate (371) is fixed to the top of the layer plate of the double-layer rack (2). The servo motor (375) is fixed to the upper outer wall of the fixed plate (371). The gear ring (374) is fixed to the outer wall of the output end of the servo motor (375). The lead screw (373) is fixed to the outer wall of the fork arm (33). A circular hole for the lead screw (373) to pass through is opened on the lower outer wall of the fixed plate (371). The gear sleeve (372) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed plate (371), and the interior of the gear sleeve (372) is threadedly connected to the exterior of the lead screw (373).

3. The variable distance double-layer fork mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of bearing wheels (36) corresponding to the cargo fork arm 1 (33) are used to guide and support the cargo fork arm 2 (34), and the plurality of bearing wheels (36) corresponding to the cargo fork arm 2 (34) are used to guide and support the cargo fork arm 3 (35).

4. The variable distance double-layer fork mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pad (312) passes through the bottom of the bearing plate (38), and the top of the pad (312) and the top of the bearing plate (38) are on the same horizontal plane.

5. The variable distance double-layer fork mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting device (4) is provided at the third fork arm (35), and the limiting device (4) includes a U-shaped sleeve (42), an axle block (46), and a V-shaped limiting rod (45). The axle block (46) is fixed to the front side of the third fork arm (35), and the middle part of the V-shaped limiting rod (45) is hinged to the bottom of the axle block (46). A U-shaped rod (43) is fixed to the bottom of the side of the V-shaped limiting rod (45) close to the second fork arm (34). The U-shaped sleeve (42) is fixed to the side of the third fork arm (35) close to the second fork arm (34). A resisting rod (41) is slidably installed inside the U-shaped sleeve (42), and a spring is provided between the rear side of the resisting rod (41) and the outer wall of the U-shaped sleeve (42). A sliding column (44) is fixed to the bottom of the front side of the resisting rod (41), and the sliding column (44) is slidably installed inside the U-shaped rod (43).

6. The variable distance double-layer fork mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear side of the abutting rod (41) abuts against the inner wall of the device housing (1).

7. The variable distance double-layer fork mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the U-shaped push plate (54) and the front side of the equipment double-layer frame (2) are on the same horizontal plane.

8. The variable distance double-layer fork mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A distance of fifty centimeters is left between the vertical columns of the two L-shaped side blocking columns (56) and the front side of the double-layer frame (2), and the two L-shaped side blocking columns (56) are respectively located on both sides of the U-shaped push plate (54).

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