Antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of knitted fabrics, in particular to an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric and a preparation method thereof. The fabric comprises a three-layer composite structure connected by bio-based lyocell yarns: an outer layer is formed by weft-knitting a composite yarn formed by nylon-66 fiber and a first functional fiber, wherein the first functional fiber comprises bio-based lyocell fiber, thermochromic zinc oxide particles, nanosilver / graphene hybrid material, a hydrophobic pore switch polymer, and a cross-linking agent; an intermediate layer is formed by weft-knitting a second yarn formed by a second functional fiber, wherein the second functional fiber comprises bio-based lyocell fiber, temperature-sensitive microcapsules, a humidity-expanding gel, and is composed of an acrylic acid / sodium alginate interpenetrating network; a heat-conducting graphene sheet, and other functional additives; and a third functional fiber in the inner layer comprises bio-based lyocell fiber, Janus-type double-sided microcapsules, a porous graphene framework, a phase change material, and other regulators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of knitted fabrics, in particular to an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As people pay more and more attention to health and environmental protection, the development of textiles with antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet functions has become a research hotspot. Traditional textiles have deficiencies in functionality and are unable to meet the needs of modern consumers.

[0003] Existing textiles have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Static properties of antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet functions:

[0005] The antibacterial effect of traditional antibacterial fabrics (such as silver ion and copper ion fibers) decays with usage time, and the release rate cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the ambient temperature and humidity.

[0006] UV-resistant materials (such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide) usually use fixed coatings and cannot adaptively adjust the protection level according to the intensity of UV rays, resulting in insufficient protection in high-temperature and high-UV environments or limited breathability in low-light conditions.

[0007] 2. Insufficient temperature and humidity regulation capabilities:

[0008] Existing cooling fabrics (such as menthol microcapsules) rely solely on temperature-triggered release and are unable to re-absorb cooling molecules when the temperature drops, resulting in poor functional durability.

[0009] Ordinary breathable fabrics (such as mesh structures) have fixed breathability and cannot dynamically adjust when the humidity rises, which can easily cause a stuffy feeling after sweating.

[0010] 3. Poor synergy of multilayer functional materials:

[0011] Each layer of traditional composite fabrics has independent functions. For example, the outer layer is only UV-resistant, the middle layer is only antibacterial, and the inner layer is only moisture-absorbent. The lack of cross-layer linkage mechanism leads to the fragmentation of overall performance.

[0012] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a bio-based lyocell fabric with multifunctional properties such as antibacterial, UV resistance, temperature regulation and humidity response to meet the market demand for high-performance textiles. Summary of the Invention

[0013] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric and a preparation method thereof. The fabric has dynamic antibacterial, anti-ultraviolet, temperature and humidity response and air permeability regulation functions, and is suitable for medical protection, sportswear, outdoor equipment and other fields.

[0014] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric, comprising a three-layer composite structure connected by bio-based lyocell yarns:

[0015] The outer layer (intelligent protective layer) is weft-knitted with a composite yarn consisting of 15-30% by mass of nylon-66 fiber and 70-85% by mass of a first functional fiber, wherein the first functional fiber, calculated by mass percentage, comprises:

[0016] Bio-based lyocell fiber 80%-85%;

[0017] Thermochromic zinc oxide particles 5%-8%;

[0018] Nanosilver / graphene hybrid materials 3%-5%;

[0019] Hydrophobic pore switch polymer 2%-5%;

[0020] Cross-linking agent 3%-4%;

[0021] The middle layer (dual-responsive functional layer) is formed by weft knitting a second yarn formed by a second functional fiber, and the second functional fiber comprises, by mass percentage:

[0022] Bio-based lyocell fiber 60%-70%;

[0023] Temperature-sensitive microcapsules 10%-15%, with a shell of poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) and a core of menthol and tea tree oil;

[0024] Humidity expansion gel 8%-12%, composed of acrylic acid / sodium alginate interpenetrating network;

[0025] Thermal conductive graphene sheet 3%-5%;

[0026] Other functional additives 2%-12%;

[0027] The inner layer (adaptive comfort layer) is formed by weft knitting a third yarn formed by a third functional fiber, and the third functional fiber comprises, by mass percentage:

[0028] Bio-based lyocell fiber 70%-80%;

[0029] Janus-type double-sided microcapsules 10%-15%, with sodium alginate on the hydrophilic side and polylactic acid on the hydrophobic side;

[0030] Porous graphene framework 5%-10%;

[0031] Phase change material (PCM) 2%-8%;

[0032] Other regulators 1%-5%;

[0033] The core synergy of the outer layer (smart protective layer) is reflected in the combination of nanosilver / graphene hybrid material and thermochromic zinc oxide. Graphene's high thermal conductivity significantly improves the diffusion efficiency of nanosilver ions, increasing the antibacterial effect by 40% compared to traditional nanosilver materials. Furthermore, the zinc oxide particles undergo lattice expansion at high temperatures, creating a synergistic enhancement effect with graphene's UV absorption properties, increasing the Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) from a baseline value of 50 to 70 at 35°C. The synergistic effect of the hydrophobic pore-switching polymer and graphene is reflected in the humidity response. When the ambient humidity exceeds 65%, the polymer contracts, opening the micropores. The graphene sheets simultaneously align to form efficient air channels, resulting in a 60% increase in air permeability.

[0034] The middle layer (dual-responsive functional layer) incorporates a linkage mechanism between PNIPAM thermosensitive microcapsules and a humidity-expanding gel. When the temperature exceeds 32°C, the PNIPAM shell contracts and ruptures, releasing a cooling effect. In high humidity (>70%), the expansion of the acrylic acid / sodium alginate gel physically squeezes the microcapsules, increasing the release rate of the cooling effect to 0.4 mg / cm²·h, double that of conventional conditions. The combination of thermally conductive graphene sheets and phase-change materials creates a highly efficient thermal management system. The graphene rapidly transfers body heat to the PCM for storage, extending the cooling effect to 5 hours, a 150% improvement compared to a system without graphene.

[0035] The inner layer (adaptive comfort layer) achieves dual temperature and humidity responsiveness through the synergy of Janus-type double-sided microcapsules and a porous graphene framework. Sodium alginate on the hydrophilic side releases moisturizing factors upon absorbing moisture, while polylactic acid on the hydrophobic side releases cooling molecules when body temperature rises. The porosity of the porous graphene framework expands from a baseline of 60% to 80% when humidity exceeds 75%. Combined with the humidity-responsive microcapsules, this increases overall air permeability by 50% while maintaining a 20% increase in skin hydration.

[0036] Preferably, the particle size of the thermochromic zinc oxide particles is 20-100 nm, and the ultraviolet reflectivity is increased by 15%-30% when the temperature is greater than 35°C.

[0037] Preferably, the loading amount of nanosilver in the nanosilver / graphene hybrid material is 1%-3%, and the thickness of the graphene sheet is 1-5 nm.

[0038] The high thermal conductivity of graphene accelerates the diffusion of nanosilver ions, thereby improving the antibacterial efficiency; the zinc oxide lattice expands at high temperatures, superimposing with the ultraviolet absorption peak of graphene, thereby improving the anti-ultraviolet effect.

[0039] Preferably, the hydrophobic pore switch polymer is a polymethyl methacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane (PMMA-PDMS) block copolymer, and the micropore diameter is expanded to 0.5-2 μm when the humidity is greater than 65%.

[0040] When the humidity is >65%, PMMA-PDMS shrinks and opens the micropores, and the graphene sheets are arranged in a directional manner to form air-conducting channels, thereby improving the air permeability.

[0041] Preferably, the thickness of the poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) shell of the temperature-sensitive microcapsule is 0.1-0.5 μm, and the mass ratio of the core material menthol to tea tree essential oil is 1:1-1:2.

[0042] Preferably, the expansion rate of the humidity-swelling gel is 150%-250% when the relative humidity is greater than 70%.

[0043] Preferably, the Janus-type double-sided microcapsules have a particle size of 5-20 μm, and a mass ratio of the hydrophilic side to the hydrophobic side of the microcapsules is 1:1-1:1.5.

[0044] Preferably, the porous graphene framework has a porosity of 60%-80%, a pore diameter of 1-10 μm, and a pore expansion rate of ≥50% when the humidity is >75%.

[0045] Preferably, the phase change material (PCM) is an octadecane / silicon dioxide composite, has a phase change temperature of 28-33°C, and a latent heat storage energy of ≥150 J / g.

[0046] At high temperatures (>32°C), PNIPAM shrinks and releases the cooling factor, while at high humidity (>70%), the gel expands and squeezes the microcapsules, increasing the release rate).

[0047] Graphene quickly transfers body surface heat to PCM for storage, extending the duration of the cooling sensation.

[0048] The hydrophilic side (sodium alginate) releases moisturizing factors after absorbing moisture, and the hydrophobic side (polylactic acid) releases cooling molecules when the body temperature rises, achieving dual humidity / temperature response.

[0049] Preferably, the other functional additives include:

[0050] 0%-4% antibacterial enhancer, including at least one of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and benzalkonium chloride;

[0051] 0%-3% of anti-ultraviolet stabilizer, including at least one of phenyl salicylate and nano titanium dioxide;

[0052] 1%-3% plasticizer, including at least one of triethyl citrate and polyethylene glycol;

[0053] The cross-linking agent is 1%-2%, including at least one of glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin.

[0054] The combination of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and benzalkonium chloride not only improves the antibacterial durability, but also achieves a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect through synergistic action with nanosilver. Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt ensures that the fabric maintains good antibacterial properties after multiple washes, while benzalkonium chloride further enhances the antibacterial effect, making it effective against a variety of pathogens.

[0055] The addition of phenyl salicylate and nano-sized titanium dioxide effectively prevents UV degradation of the polymer while enhancing UV scattering. Phenyl salicylate absorbs UV rays, protecting the polymer from photodegradation and extending the life of the fabric. Nano-sized titanium dioxide works synergistically with zinc oxide to further enhance the fabric's UV resistance, effectively blocking UV rays and protecting the skin from UV damage.

[0056] The use of triethyl citrate and polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) not only improves the fiber's flexibility but also regulates the swelling rate of the humidity-swelling gel. Triethyl citrate makes the fiber softer and enhances the fabric's comfort. Polyethylene glycol (PEG-400), by regulating the swelling rate of the humidity-swelling gel, ensures uniform humidity response, allowing the fabric to maintain excellent performance under varying humidity conditions.

[0057] The addition of glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin strengthens the crosslinking of the sodium alginate gel network and the interfacial bonding between graphene and fibers. Glutaraldehyde crosslinks the sodium alginate gel network, improving the gel's stability and mechanical properties. Epichlorohydrin strengthens the interfacial bonding between graphene and fibers, increasing the overall strength and stability of the fabric and making it less susceptible to damage during processing and use.

[0058] Preferably, the other regulators include:

[0059] pH adjuster 0%-1.5%, including: at least one of sodium lactate and sodium citrate;

[0060] Moisturizer 0%-2%, including at least one of sodium hyaluronate and glycerin;

[0061] Antistatic agent 0%-1%, including: polyether modified silicone oil;

[0062] Antioxidants 0%-1%, including at least one of vitamin E and propyl gallate.

[0063] The combination of sodium lactate and sodium citrate maintains a slightly acidic environment on the skin (pH 5.5-6.0) while buffering the pH of sweat. Sodium lactate helps protect the skin's natural barrier and mitigates the effects of external irritants. Sodium citrate, by buffering the pH of sweat, reduces irritation, keeping the skin comfortable during exercise and sweating.

[0064] The synergistic effect of sodium hyaluronate and glycerin not only locks in moisture but also regulates hygroscopicity to prevent excessive dryness. Sodium hyaluronate effectively locks in moisture, keeping the skin hydrated. Glycerin, by regulating hygroscopicity, prevents excessive water loss in dry environments, ensuring the skin remains hydrated and soft.

[0065] The addition of polyether modified silicone oil effectively reduces the surface resistance of the fiber and reduces the generation of static electricity. This antistatic agent can significantly improve wearing comfort, especially in dry environments, reducing the irritation and discomfort of static electricity on the skin.

[0066] The combination of vitamin E and propyl gallate not only prevents oxidative degradation of the phase change material (PCM) and essential oils, but also extends the life of the fabric. Vitamin E, through its antioxidant properties, protects the PCM and essential oils from oxidative degradation, ensuring their long-term stability and effectiveness. Propyl gallate further extends the life of the fabric, ensuring it maintains its performance over time.

[0067] The dynamic regulation process of the present invention is manifested as an intelligent closed-loop system with dual responses to temperature and humidity:

[0068] In terms of temperature response, when the ambient temperature rises from 25°C to 35°C, the outer layer of thermochromic zinc oxide undergoes lattice expansion, dynamically increasing the UV protection factor from 50 to 70. Simultaneously, the PNIPAM microcapsules in the middle layer contract and rupture, releasing cooling factors such as menthol. The inner phase-change material absorbs excess heat, lowering the perceived temperature by 3-5°C. When the temperature drops, the system reverses, with the microcapsules re-absorbing the cooling molecules, thus recycling the functional factors.

[0069] In terms of humidity regulation, when the relative humidity rises from 50% to 80%, the micropores of the hydrophobic polymer in the outer layer open, expanding from 0.5μm to 2μm in diameter. The volume of the humidity-expanding gel in the middle layer expands by 200%, physically squeezing the microcapsules to accelerate the release of antibacterial ingredients. The graphene pores in the inner layer simultaneously expand, increasing air permeability by 60%. This synergistic response effectively solves the problem of traditional fabrics being stuffy in sweaty environments.

[0070] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0071] Outer layer preparation:

[0072] Bio-based lyocell fiber, thermochromic zinc oxide particles, nanosilver / graphene hybrid material, and hydrophobic pore switch polymer are mixed and melt-spun to form a first functional fiber; the first functional fiber is compounded with nylon-66 fiber to form a composite yarn with 120-150 fibers; and the composite yarn is formed into an outer fabric using a weft knitting process;

[0073] Middle layer preparation:

[0074] Temperature-sensitive microcapsules are prepared by interfacial polymerization; bio-based lyocell fibers, humidity-swelling gel, and thermally conductive graphene sheets are blended with the microcapsules and wet-spun to produce a second functional fiber; the second functional fiber is formed into a second yarn having 120-150 fibers; and the second yarn is formed into an intermediate layer fabric by a weft knitting process;

[0075] Inner layer preparation:

[0076] Janus-type double-sided microcapsules are prepared using microfluidic technology; bio-based lyocell fibers, porous graphene frameworks, PCM and microcapsules are blended and electrospun to produce third functional fibers; the third functional fibers are made into third yarns with 120-150 fibers; and the third yarns are made into an inner fabric using a weft knitting process;

[0077] Composite lamination: the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are woven and composited by bio-based lyocell fiber yarns with 60-95 fiber roots to form a sandwich structure, thereby obtaining the antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric.

[0078] Preferably, in the preparation of the outer layer, the melt spinning temperature is 180-220° C. and the spinning speed is 500-800 m / min.

[0079] Preferably, in the preparation of the intermediate layer, the coagulation bath of the wet spinning is a 10%-15% sodium sulfate aqueous solution, and the spinning stretch ratio is 1.5-2.5.

[0080] Preferably, in the preparation of the inner layer, the voltage of electrospinning is 15-25 kV and the receiving distance is 10-20 cm.

[0081] Preferably, this fabric can be applied to:

[0082] Medical protective clothing: long-lasting antibacterial and cooling effect in high temperature and high humidity environments.

[0083] Sports tights: automatically trigger a cool feeling when running and enhance breathability after sweating.

[0084] Outdoor jacket: Improves protection level when UV rays are strong at noon.

[0085] This invention combines a nanosilver / graphene hybrid material with thermochromic zinc oxide, dynamically adjusting its antibacterial efficiency and UV protection capabilities in response to changes in temperature and humidity. PNIPAM thermosensitive microcapsules are used to reversibly release and adsorb cooling agents, while PCM phase-change materials are used to buffer temperature fluctuations. By linking a humidity-expanding gel with a porous graphene framework, air permeability is increased by 40%-60% at humidity levels above 65%. The UV protection of the outer layer triggers the release of the antimicrobial agent in the middle layer, and the humidity regulation of the inner layer is fed back to the opening of the outer micropores, forming a closed-loop "environment-fabric-skin" response.

[0086] This invention constructs a cross-layer intelligent response system: through a three-level response architecture consisting of outer-layer environmental sensing, middle-layer functional release, and inner-layer comfort adjustment, it achieves a complete closed loop from environmental monitoring to functional output. The multifunctional application of graphene materials simultaneously addresses key technical issues such as electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and mechanical reinforcement. The dual-variable temperature and humidity control mechanism enables the fabric to adapt to both climate change and human metabolic needs. This collaborative design gives the fabric significant advantages in fields such as medical protection and sportswear, addressing the core pain points of traditional functional fabrics, such as their single response and poor durability. Through innovative materials (thermochromic zinc oxide and Janus microcapsules) and structural innovations (three-layer dynamic coordination), this invention addresses the static nature of functions and irreversible adjustments in existing technologies. Its comprehensive performance indicators are significantly improved compared to existing products, and it has important industrial application value.

[0087] Through the synergistic effect of these functional additives and regulators, the antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric of the present invention not only has excellent antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet properties, but also has good temperature and humidity response, skin affinity and durability, meeting the needs of modern consumers for high-performance textiles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] The embodiments of the present application provide an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric and a preparation method thereof.

[0089] Example 1:

[0090] Outer layer: 120-fiber composite yarn made of 30% nylon-66 fiber and 70% first functional fiber by mass; the first functional fiber is composed of 80% bio-based lyocell fiber, 7% thermochromic zinc oxide particles, 4% nanosilver / graphene hybrid material, 5% polymethyl methacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, and 4% crosslinking agent;

[0091] Middle layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 65%, temperature-sensitive microcapsules 12%, humidity-swelling gel 10%, thermally conductive graphene sheets 3%, other functional additives 10%, made into a composite yarn with 120 fibers; other functional additives include: chitosan quaternary ammonium salt 3%, phenyl salicylate 2%, triethyl citrate 3%, glutaraldehyde 2%;

[0092] Inner layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 75%, Janus double-sided microcapsules 12%, porous graphene framework 7%, octadecane / silica composite 5%, other modifiers 1%, made into a composite yarn with 120 fibers; other modifiers include: sodium lactate 0.5%, vitamin E 0.5%;

[0093] The outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are woven together by using bio-based lyocell fiber yarns with 60 fiber roots to form a sandwich structure, thereby obtaining an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric.

[0094] Example 2:

[0095] Outer layer: 120-fiber composite yarn made of 20% nylon-66 fiber and 80% first functional fiber by mass; the first functional fiber is composed of 85% bio-based lyocell fiber, 5% thermochromic zinc oxide particles, 5% nanosilver / graphene hybrid material, 2% polymethyl methacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, and 3% crosslinking agent;

[0096] Middle layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 70%, temperature-sensitive microcapsules 15%, humidity-swelling gel 8%, thermally conductive graphene sheets 5%, other functional additives 2%, made into a composite yarn with 120 fibers; other functional additives include: triethyl citrate 1%, glutaraldehyde 1%;

[0097] Inner layer: 80% bio-based lyocell fiber, 15% Janus-type double-sided microcapsules, 10% porous graphene framework, 3% octadecane / silica composite, 2% other modifiers, made into a composite yarn with 120 fibers; other modifiers include: 1% sodium hyaluronate, 1% polyether-modified silicone oil;

[0098] The outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are woven together by using bio-based lyocell fiber yarn with 95 fiber roots to form a sandwich structure, thereby obtaining an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric.

[0099] Example 3:

[0100] Outer layer: 140-fiber composite yarn made of 15% nylon-66 fiber and 85% first functional fiber by mass; the first functional fiber is composed of 82% bio-based lyocell fiber, 8% thermochromic zinc oxide particles, 3% nanosilver / graphene hybrid material, 4% polymethyl methacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, and 3% crosslinking agent;

[0101] Middle layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 60%, temperature-sensitive microcapsules 10%, humidity-expanding gel 12%, thermally conductive graphene sheets 4%, other functional additives 4%, made into a composite yarn with 140 fibers; other functional additives include: benzalkonium chloride 1%, nano-titanium dioxide 1%, polyethylene glycol 1%, epichlorohydrin 1%;

[0102] Inner layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 70%, Janus double-sided microcapsules 10%, porous graphene framework 5%, octadecane / silica composite 8%, other modifiers 5%, made into a composite yarn with 140 fibers; other modifiers include: sodium lactate 1%, glycerin 2%, polyether modified silicone oil 1%, propyl gallate 1%;

[0103] The outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are woven together by using bio-based lyocell fiber yarn with 80 fiber roots to form a sandwich structure, thereby obtaining an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric.

[0104] Example 4:

[0105] Outer layer: 150-fiber composite yarn made of 20% nylon-66 fiber and 80% first functional fiber by mass; the first functional fiber is composed of 83% bio-based lyocell fiber, 6% thermochromic zinc oxide particles, 4.5% nanosilver / graphene hybrid material, 3.5% polymethyl methacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, and 3% crosslinking agent;

[0106] Middle layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 68%, temperature-sensitive microcapsules 14%, humidity-swelling gel 11%, thermally conductive graphene sheets 3.5%, other functional additives 3.5%, made into a composite yarn with 150 fibers; other functional additives include: benzalkonium chloride 1%, nano-titanium dioxide 1%, polyethylene glycol 0.5%, epichlorohydrin 1%;

[0107] Inner layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 72%, Janus double-sided microcapsules 14%, porous graphene framework 6%, octadecane / silica composite 4%, other modifiers 4%, made into a composite yarn with 150 fibers; other modifiers include: sodium citrate 1%, sodium hyaluronate 1%, polyether modified silicone oil 1%, propyl gallate 1%;

[0108] The outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are woven together by using bio-based lyocell fiber yarn with 75 fiber roots to form a sandwich structure, thereby obtaining an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric.

[0109] Example 5:

[0110] Outer layer: 120-fiber composite yarn made of 20% nylon-66 fiber and 80% first functional fiber by mass; the first functional fiber is composed of 81% bio-based lyocell fiber, 7.5% thermochromic zinc oxide particles, 4% nanosilver / graphene hybrid material, 4.5% polymethyl methacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, and 3% crosslinking agent;

[0111] Middle layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 62%, temperature-sensitive microcapsules 13%, humidity-swelling gel 9%, thermally conductive graphene sheets 4%, other functional additives 12%, made into a composite yarn with 120 fibers; other functional additives include: chitosan quaternary ammonium salt 4%, phenyl salicylate 3%, triethyl citrate 3%, glutaraldehyde 2%;

[0112] Inner layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 78%, Janus double-sided microcapsules 13%, porous graphene framework 7%, octadecane / silica composite 2%, other conditioning agents 3%, made into a composite yarn with 120 fibers; other conditioning agents include: sodium citrate 1.5%, glycerin 0.5%, polyether modified silicone oil 0.5%, vitamin E 0.5%;

[0113] The outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are woven together by using bio-based lyocell fiber yarn with 90 fiber roots to form a sandwich structure, thereby obtaining an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric.

[0114] Example 6:

[0115] Outer layer: 120-fiber composite yarn made of 20% nylon-66 fiber and 80% first functional fiber by mass; the first functional fiber is composed of 84% bio-based lyocell fiber, 5.5% thermochromic zinc oxide particles, 4.5% nanosilver / graphene hybrid material, 3% polymethyl methacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, and 3% crosslinking agent;

[0116] Middle layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 67%, temperature-sensitive microcapsules 11%, humidity-swelling gel 10%, thermally conductive graphene sheets 4.5%, other functional additives 7.5%, made into a composite yarn with 120 fibers; other functional additives include: chitosan quaternary ammonium salt 2%, phenyl salicylate 2%, triethyl citrate 1.5%, glutaraldehyde 2%;

[0117] Inner layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 76%, Janus double-sided microcapsules 11%, porous graphene framework 6.5%, octadecane / silica composite 5.5%, other modifiers 4%, made into a composite yarn with 120 fibers; other modifiers include: sodium citrate 1.5%, glycerin 1.5%, polyether modified silicone oil 0.5%, vitamin E 1.5%;

[0118] The outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are woven together by using bio-based lyocell fiber yarns with 60 fiber roots to form a sandwich structure, thereby obtaining an antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric.

[0119] Comparative Example 1:

[0120] Outer layer: 100% bio-based lyocell fiber (no additives);

[0121] Middle layer: 100% bio-based lyocell fiber (no additives);

[0122] Inner layer: 100% bio-based lyocell fiber (no additives).

[0123] Comparative Example 2:

[0124] Outer layer: 85% bio-based lyocell fiber, 15% nanosilver / graphene hybrid material (without thermochromic zinc oxide particles and hydrophobic pore switch polymer);

[0125] Middle layer: 70% bio-based lyocell fiber, 30% temperature-sensitive microcapsules (without humidity-expanding gel and thermally conductive graphene sheets);

[0126] Inner layer: 80% bio-based lyocell fiber, 20% phase change material (without Janus-type double-sided microcapsules and porous graphene framework).

[0127] Comparative Example 3:

[0128] Outer layer: 80% bio-based lyocell fiber, 20% thermochromic zinc oxide microparticles (without nanosilver / graphene hybrid material and hydrophobic pore switch polymer);

[0129] Middle layer: 60% bio-based lyocell fiber, 40% humidity expansion gel (without temperature-sensitive microcapsules and thermally conductive graphene sheets);

[0130] Inner layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 70%, porous graphene framework 30% (without Janus type double-sided microcapsules and phase change materials).

[0131] Comparative Example 4:

[0132] Outer layer: 85% bio-based lyocell fiber, 15% hydrophobic pore switch polymer (without thermochromic zinc oxide particles and nanosilver / graphene hybrid materials);

[0133] Middle layer: 70% bio-based lyocell fiber, 30% thermal conductive graphene sheet (without temperature-sensitive microcapsules and humidity-expanding gel);

[0134] Inner layer: Bio-based lyocell fiber 80%, other conditioning agents 20% (without Janus type double-sided microcapsules, porous graphene framework and phase change material).

[0135] Experimental example:

[0136] 1. Antibacterial performance test:

[0137] The antibacterial effects of the fabrics in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4 under normal temperature and high temperature and high humidity conditions were evaluated, and their washing resistance was examined.

[0138] Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were used as experimental bacteria. The specific experimental process is as follows:

[0139] Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were cultured to the logarithmic growth phase. The concentration was 1×10 6 CFU / mL of bacterial suspension.

[0140] Spread the bacterial suspension evenly on an agar plate. Place a 6 mm diameter fabric sample disc in the center of the plate. Incubate at 37°C for 24 hours and measure the diameter of the inhibition zone.

[0141] Each fabric sample was subjected to 100 standard washes (referring to AATCC™ 61-2006). After washing, the zone of inhibition test was repeated. The initial inhibition rate and the inhibition rate after washing were recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0142] Table 1, Antibacterial performance test results of samples in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4:

[0143]

[0144] The fabrics of Examples 1 to 6 exhibited an antibacterial rate exceeding 99.5% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at room temperature, demonstrating excellent antibacterial performance. When exposed to high temperature and high humidity (35°C / RH80%), the antibacterial rate further increased to 99.9%, attributed to the synergistic effect of nanosilver and tea tree oil.

[0145] The antibacterial rates of the fabrics in Comparative Examples 1-4 are significantly lower than those in the examples due to the lack of key ingredients or the lack of optimized treatment. In particular, the antibacterial effects are greatly reduced under high temperature and high humidity conditions, indicating that these components are crucial for enhancing antibacterial properties.

[0146] Examples 1-6 maintained over 95% antibacterial efficacy after 100 standard washes, demonstrating excellent durability. While the fabrics of Comparative Examples 1-4 initially exhibited some antibacterial activity, their efficacy decreased significantly after multiple washes, demonstrating the importance of additives like nanosilver and their stability over long-term use.

[0147] 2. Temperature and humidity regulation performance test:

[0148] The cooling factor release and air permeability of the fabric samples of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were evaluated under different temperature and humidity conditions.

[0149] The release of the cooling factor at 32°C was measured using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA).

[0150] The change in air permeability when the humidity increased from 50% to 80% was measured using a Gurley Densometer.

[0151] The duration of the cooling sensation was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0152] Table 2, test results of temperature and humidity regulation performance of samples in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4:

[0153]

[0154] At 32°C, the cooling factor release of Examples 1-6 reached approximately 0.35 mg / cm², 2.3 times that of traditional cooling fabrics. In contrast, the cooling factor release of the fabrics of Comparative Examples 1-4 was lower, indicating that the multi-layer structure design and the use of specific materials effectively enhanced the cooling effect.

[0155] When humidity rises from 50% to 80%, the air permeability of the example fabric increases by approximately 60%, far exceeding the 10% increase of the fixed mesh structure. This significant increase in air permeability contributes to a more comfortable wearing experience in humid environments. The increase in air permeability of the control fabric is smaller, demonstrating the key role of ingredients such as humidity-swelling gel in regulating air permeability.

[0156] The synergy between the phase change material and graphene ensures that the cooling effect of the fabric in the example lasts for up to five hours, 2.5 times longer than that of similar products. The comparative fabric failed to achieve the same long-term effect, demonstrating the importance of the phase change material and graphene framework.

[0157] 3. Mechanical properties test:

[0158] The fabric samples of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were evaluated for their breaking strength, UV resistance (UPF value), and durability.

[0159] The breaking strength of the fabrics was measured using a universal testing machine (Instron).

[0160] The UPF value of the fabric was measured using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The UPF value test was repeated after 100 standard washes. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0161] Table 3, Mechanical properties test results of samples in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4:

[0162]

[0163] Graphene enhancement increased the breaking strength of the example fabric to over 45 MPa, significantly higher than the control fabric, demonstrating graphene's remarkable contribution to improving material strength. After 100 washes, the example fabric maintained over 90% of its UPF value, demonstrating its excellent UV resistance and durability. The control fabric, on the other hand, had a relatively low UPF value retention, reflecting the impact of the optimized formulation on the fabric's long-term performance.

[0164] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0165] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric, characterized in that: Comprising a three-layer composite structure connected by bio-based lyocell yarn: The outer layer is formed by weft knitting a composite yarn formed by 15-30% by mass of nylon-66 fiber and 70-85% by mass of the first functional fiber, wherein the first functional fiber, calculated by mass percentage, comprises: Bio-based lyocell fiber 80%-85%; Thermochromic zinc oxide particles 5%-8%; Nanosilver / graphene hybrid materials 3%-5%; Hydrophobic pore switch polymer 2%-5%; Cross-linking agent 3%-4%; The hydrophobic pore switch polymer is a polymethyl methacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, and the micropore diameter expands to 0.5-2 μm when the humidity is greater than 65%; The middle layer is formed by weft knitting a second yarn formed by a second functional fiber, and the second functional fiber comprises, by mass percentage: Bio-based lyocell fiber 60%-70%; Temperature-sensitive microcapsules 10%-15%, with a shell of poly N-isopropylacrylamide and a core of menthol and tea tree oil; Humidity expansion gel 8%-12%, composed of acrylic acid / sodium alginate interpenetrating network; Thermal conductive graphene sheet 3%-5%; Other functional additives 2%-12%; The inner layer is formed by weft knitting a third yarn formed by a third functional fiber, and the third functional fiber comprises, by mass percentage: Bio-based lyocell fiber 70%-80%; Janus-type double-sided microcapsules 10%-15%, with sodium alginate on the hydrophilic side and polylactic acid on the hydrophobic side; Porous graphene framework 5%-10%; Phase change material 2%-8%; Other regulators 1%-5%.

2. The antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the thermochromic zinc oxide particles is 20-100 nm; The loading amount of nanosilver in the nanosilver / graphene hybrid material is 1%-3%, and the thickness of the graphene sheet is 1-5nm.

3. The antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) shell of the temperature-sensitive microcapsule has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 μm, and the mass ratio of the core material menthol to tea tree essential oil is 1:1-1:2; The expansion rate of the humidity expansion gel is 150%-250% when the relative humidity is greater than 70%.

4. The antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Janus-type double-sided microcapsules have a particle size of 5-20 μm and a mass ratio of the hydrophilic side to the hydrophobic side of 1:1-1:1.5; The porous graphene framework has a porosity of 60%-80%, a pore diameter of 1-10 μm, and a pore expansion rate of ≥50% when the humidity is >75%; The phase change material is an octadecane / silicon dioxide composite.

5. The antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other functional additives include: 0%-4% antibacterial enhancer, including at least one of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and benzalkonium chloride; 0%-3% of anti-ultraviolet stabilizer, including at least one of phenyl salicylate and nano titanium dioxide; 1%-3% plasticizer, including at least one of triethyl citrate and polyethylene glycol; The cross-linking agent is 1%-2%, including at least one of glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin.

6. The antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet bio-based lyocell fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other modulators include: pH adjuster 0-1.5%, including at least one of sodium lactate and sodium citrate; Moisturizer 0-2%, including at least one of sodium hyaluronate and glycerin; Antistatic agent 0-1%, including: polyether modified silicone oil; Antioxidant 0-1%, including at least one of vitamin E and propyl gallate.

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