Device and method for detecting inclined cracks on surface of steel structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure detection devices, in particular to a detection device and a detection method for inclined cracks on the surface of a steel structure, and effectively solves the problems of high labor intensity, high misjudgment rate and the like of traditional manual detection. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a clamp assembly used for clamping and fixing a steel structure, a short sliding rail is arranged at the bottom of the clamp assembly, and the clamp assembly reciprocates along the surface of the short sliding rail; the long sliding rail is located on the upper side of the clamp assembly; the moving shaft is arranged on the long sliding rail to do reciprocating motion; the first driving assembly is located on one side of the moving shaft and detachably arranged on the first driving assembly; the detection assembly is meshed with the output end of the first driving assembly, the driving assembly works to drive the detection assembly to rotate, and the middle of the detection assembly is rotatably connected with the bottom of the driving assembly; the connecting shaft is located on the other side of the moving shaft and detachably arranged on the driving assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steel structure detection devices, and particularly to a detection device and a detection method for inclined cracks on the surface of steel structures. Background Art

[0002] In modern engineering construction, steel structures are widely used in large-scale engineering fields such as bridges, high-rise buildings, and factories due to their excellent mechanical properties and construction convenience. However, during the manufacturing, transportation, installation, and long-term service of steel structures, micro inclined cracks often occur on their surfaces due to factors such as uneven stress, environmental corrosion, or processing defects. Such inclined cracks are irregular, directional, and concealed. If not discovered and processed in time, they are extremely likely to expand into structural failures during later use, and may even lead to structural instability or collapse accidents in severe cases, bringing huge potential safety hazards and economic losses.

[0003] Currently, the detection of inclined cracks on the surface of steel structures still mainly relies on manual detection or traditional non-destructive testing techniques such as magnetic particle testing, ultrasonic testing, and eddy current testing. These methods have obvious deficiencies in practical applications: on the one hand, manual detection is limited by personnel experience and physical condition, and fatigue misjudgment is likely to occur; on the other hand, traditional detection equipment mostly adopts point or linear detection modes, with limited detection ranges, and it is difficult to comprehensively cover the surfaces of steel structures with complex configurations. Especially when detecting non-normal defects such as inclined cracks, there is a possibility of missed detection and misjudgment.

[0004] In view of the above, we provide a detection device and a detection method for inclined cracks on the surface of steel structures to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a detection device and a detection method for inclined cracks on the surface of steel structures. The device realizes the high-precision, high-efficiency, and low error rate detection of inclined cracks on the surface of steel structures through the coordinated work of fixture support, automatic cleaning, air extraction and dust removal, and detection components, overcomes the defects of high labor intensity and high misjudgment rate in traditional manual detection, and has remarkable technical effects such as reasonable structure, high degree of automation, high detection accuracy, strong applicability, and convenient maintenance. It is particularly suitable for the quality detection application scenario before batch factory shipment of steel structures.

[0006] A detection device for inclined cracks on the surface of a steel structure includes: a fixture assembly for clamping and fixing the steel structure, a short slide rail is provided at the bottom of the fixture assembly, and the fixture assembly makes a reciprocating motion along the surface of the short slide rail;

[0007] A long slide rail is arranged above the fixture assembly;

[0008] A moving shaft is arranged on the long slide rail to make a reciprocating motion;

[0009] The first driving component is located on one side of the moving shaft and is detachably provided on the first driving component;

[0010] The detection component meshes with the output end of the first driving component. By the operation of the driving component, the detection component is driven to rotate. The middle part of the detection component is rotatably connected to the bottom of the driving component;

[0011] The connecting shaft is located on the other side of the moving shaft and is detachably provided on the driving component. The diameter of the connecting shaft is larger than that of the detection component. A second driving component is provided at the bottom of the connecting shaft;

[0012] The cleaning component is provided on the connecting shaft. One side edge of the connecting shaft meshes with the output end of the second driving component;

[0013] The air extraction component has at least two groups and is installed on the connecting shaft. Its air extraction port is arranged corresponding to the edge of the cleaning component.

[0014] Preferably, the fixture component includes a bottom shaft and a top shaft. The bottom of the lower support shaft is provided on the short slide rail for supporting the steel structure. The top shaft is connected to the top of the bottom shaft by bolts.

[0015] Preferably, the detection component includes a housing, an inner housing, a protective cover and a scanning unit;

[0016] The housing is U-shaped and is connected to the first driving component;

[0017] The inner housing is fixedly connected to the housing. The diameter of the inner housing is smaller than that of the housing. The inner housing and the housing are concentrically arranged;

[0018] The protective cover is fixedly connected to the housing. The diameter of the protective cover is smaller than that of the inner housing. The protective cover and the inner housing are concentrically arranged;

[0019] The scanning unit is arranged in the middle of the connection between the protective cover and the inner housing.

[0020] Preferably, the detection component includes a vision sensor and a lighting lamp;

[0021] A plurality of the vision sensors are arranged in an equidistant annular distribution on the inner surface of the inner housing, and a plurality of the lighting lamps are arranged in an equidistant annular distribution on the inner surface of the inner housing.

[0022] Preferably, the first driving component includes a connection seat, a driving unit and a Z-shaped plate;

[0023] One side of the connection seat is adapted to the gap between the housing and the inner housing, and the lower surface of the connection seat is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer surface of the inner housing through a rotating shaft;

[0024] The driving unit is installed in the connection seat, and its output end passes through the connection seat and meshes with the outer surface of the housing and the inner surface of the inner housing;

[0025] The Z-shaped plate is installed and connected to the top of the connecting seat, and one end of the lower surface of the Z-shaped plate away from the connecting seat is connected to the outer surface of the housing through a rotating shaft.

[0026] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes a fixed ring and a cleaning ring;

[0027] The fixed ring is detachably arranged on the connecting shaft;

[0028] The outer surface of the cleaning ring is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the fixed ring.

[0029] Preferably, the second driving assembly includes a driving shaft and a driving gear;

[0030] The driving shaft is installed at the bottom of the surface of the connecting shaft;

[0031] The driving gear is arranged at the output end of the driving shaft, and its surface meshes with the bottom of the cleaning ring.

[0032] Preferably, the air extraction assembly includes a U-shaped pipe, an air extractor and an exhaust pipe, and the U-shaped pipe is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft;

[0033] The air extraction end of the air extractor is installed corresponding to the U-shaped pipe;

[0034] The exhaust pipe is arranged corresponding to the air outlet of the air extractor.

[0035] Preferably, a plurality of positioning members for supporting the steel structure are arranged on the long sliding rail.

[0036] A detection device and a detection method for oblique cracks on the surface of a steel structure, including: placing the steel structure on a fixture assembly, moving the steel structure towards the cleaning assembly through an external conveying device until it is inserted into the cleaning assembly. During the insertion of the steel structure, the cleaning assembly performs the cleaning work on the surface of the steel structure, and the air extraction assembly synchronously performs the air extraction work while doing the cleaning work; subsequently, the area of the steel structure after cleaning enters the detection assembly under the drive of the external conveying device for inspection. The diameter of the detection assembly is larger than that of the steel structure. After entering the detection area, the detection assembly does not move at this time, and multiple visual sensors arranged in a circular distribution are used for detection. During the detection, the lighting lamp works synchronously. If a crack is detected, the external conveying device stops moving. After the movement stops, the first driving assembly receives a signal and starts to work. After the first driving assembly works, it drives the detection assembly to rotate along the outer surface of the steel structure. At this time, multiple visual sensors will overlap to detect multiple directions. Subsequently, based on the detection of the overlapping positions by multiple visual sensors, statistics are made to more accurately calculate the situation of oblique cracks on the surface of the steel structure. A traction device is provided at one end of the steel structure in the conveying direction to pull the steel structure completely out of the detection device; it should be noted that when the external conveying device stops, the traction device arranged on the opposite side also stops synchronously, and the two sides operate synchronously. Multiple steel structures complete the detection of oblique cracks of all steel structures by repeating the above steps.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0038] (1) Through the collaborative work of fixture support, automatic cleaning, air extraction and dust removal, and the detection assembly, this device realizes the detection of oblique cracks on the surface of the steel structure with high precision, high efficiency, and low error rate, overcomes the defects of high labor intensity and high misjudgment rate in traditional manual detection, and has remarkable technical effects such as reasonable structure, high degree of automation, high detection accuracy, strong applicability, and convenient maintenance. It is particularly suitable for the quality detection application scenario before the batch production of steel structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning member of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer shell of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting seat of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6This is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1. Fixture component; 11. Bottom shaft; 12. Top shaft; 101. Short slide rail; 2. Long slide rail; 21. Positioning member; 3. Moving shaft; 4. First driving component; 41. Connecting seat; 42. Driving unit; 43. Z-shaped plate; 5. Detection component; 51. Outer shell; 52. Inner shell; 53. Protective cover; 54. Scanning unit; 541. Vision sensor; 542. Lighting lamp; 6. Connecting shaft; 7. Second driving component; 71. Driving shaft; 72. Driving gear; 8. Cleaning component; 81. Fixed ring; 82. Cleaning ring; 9. Air extraction component; 91. U-shaped pipe; 92. Air extractor; 93. Exhaust pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] Regarding the foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention, they can be clearly presented in the following detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the attached Figures 1 to 6 drawings. The structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all referenced to the drawings of the specification.

[0047] The present application proposes a detection device and a detection method for oblique cracks on the surface of a steel structure to achieve its convenience in use; specifically as follows:

[0048] A detection device for oblique cracks on the surface of a steel structure includes:

[0049] For reference Figure 1 , the present application mainly consists of a fixture component 1 for supporting the steel structure, a detection component 5 for oblique crack inspection work, a cleaning component 8 for cleaning work in the early stage of detection, an air extraction component 9 for dust removal during cleaning, a moving shaft 3 for driving the detection component 5 and the cleaning component 8 to move, a long slide rail 2 driven by the moving shaft 3, a first driving component 4 and a second driving component 7 for driving the detection component 5 and the cleaning component 8 to rotate; through the cooperation setting of multiple groups of structures, it is possible to inspect the oblique cracks on the surface of the steel structure, avoid the appearance of non-compliant products during factory production, and secondly reduce the fatigue of manual detection, thereby causing detection errors. The automatic setting better promotes the excellence of the overall inspection.

[0050] For reference Figure 1 , the fixture component 1 is mainly used to support the steel structure. A short slide rail 101 is provided at its bottom for driving the fixture component 1 to move, so as to achieve the effect of shifting the fixture component 1 according to different usage environments, facilitating the subsequent use.

[0051] Furthermore, the fixture assembly 1 includes a bottom shaft 11 and a top shaft 12. The bottom of the bottom shaft 11 is arranged on the short slide rail 101 to support the steel structure, and the top shaft 12 is connected to the top of the bottom shaft 11 by bolts. During use, based on the diameter of the steel structure, the connection gap between the top shaft 12 and the bottom shaft 11 is adjusted, so as to promote the steel structure to penetrate into the top shaft 12 and then reduce warping and other instabilities, and promote the steel structure to move horizontally during movement.

[0052] Meanwhile, in order to further strengthen the movement of the steel structure in the horizontal direction, a plurality of positioning members 21 for supporting the steel structure are arranged on the long slide rail 2 for central support work. At the same time, when one side edge of the steel structure moves to the middle and one end can no longer be supported by the fixture assembly 1, the positioning member 21 can be used for auxiliary central support to complete the support work during the movement of the entire steel structure.

[0053] Among them, it should be noted that the positioning member 21 is connected to the long slide rail 2 through a slider and can move reciprocally along the direction of the long slide rail 2, so as to further change the position of the positioning member 21 according to different usage situations; a plurality of balls are arranged in the middle of the plurality of positioning members 21 (reference can be made to Figure 3 ), and the balls are in contact with the surface of the steel structure, thereby increasing the smoothness during its movement and reducing the occurrence of scratches and other situations on its surface; at the same time, a group of the plurality of positioning members 21 is arranged in the middle of the connection between the detection component 5 and the cleaning component 8, and the positioning member 21 here, the detection component 5 and the cleaning component 8 are all fixed on the moving shaft 3 and move through the moving shaft 3.

[0054] Reference can be made to Figure 1 , the moving shaft 3 is arranged on the long slide rail 2 to move reciprocally, and the moving shaft 3 is used to drive the detection component 5 and the cleaning component 8 to move synchronously, and the connection distance between the detection component 5 and the cleaning component 8 is not changed during the movement process, so that they always maintain a synchronous interval for work, thereby avoiding the situation that the interval between the detection component 5 and the cleaning component 8 is too close, which affects the detection work of the detection component 5 when the cleaning component 8 is working.

[0055] Among them, it should be noted that both the long slide rail 2 and the short slide rail 101 are existing mature linear slide rails, and this application will not elaborate further.

[0056] Reference can be made to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 And Figure 5, the detection component 5 is used to detect diagonal cracks. In the existing methods, manual detection is mostly adopted. When automated detection is used, there will also be situations such as detection dead angles, which will affect the direction and length of the detected diagonal cracks, resulting in a very obvious gap from the actual situation. Therefore, in this application, the detection component 5 is set to reduce the disadvantages brought by this problem. Among them, the detection component 5 is engaged with the output end of the first driving component 4 and is driven by the first driving component 4 to drive the detection component 5 to rotate. The middle part of the detection component 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the first driving component 4, and the first driving component 4 can further support the detection component 5 to enhance its stability during operation.

[0057] Specifically, the detection component 5 includes a housing 51, an inner housing 52, a protective cover 53 and a scanning unit 54. The housing 51 is U-shaped and is connected to the first driving component 4. The inner housing 52 is fixedly connected to the housing 51. The diameter of the inner housing 52 is smaller than that of the housing 51, and the inner housing 52 is concentrically arranged with the housing 51. The protective cover 53 is fixedly connected to the housing 51. The diameter of the protective cover 53 is smaller than that of the inner housing 52, and the protective cover 53 is concentrically arranged with the inner housing 52. The scanning unit 54 is arranged in the middle of the connection between the protective cover 53 and the inner housing 52. The protective cover 53 is a detachable design for protecting the scanning unit 54. At the same time, the detachable design can also be replaced when the surface is worn after long-term use, so as to avoid affecting its detection effect due to scratches on the surface.

[0058] For reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the scanning unit 54 includes a vision sensor 541 and a lighting lamp 542. A plurality of vision sensors 541 are arranged in an equidistant annular distribution on the inner surface of the inner housing 52, and a plurality of lighting lamps 542 are arranged in an equidistant annular distribution on the inner surface of the inner housing 52. During operation, the lighting lamp 542 emits light to make the detection effect of the vision sensor 541 better.

[0059] For reference Figure 1 , the detection component 5 detects cracks in the steel structure in multiple directions. During this period, if more than one vision sensor 541 detects cracks on the surface, the steel structure is prompted to stop moving forward. At this time, the first driving component 4 starts to drive, driving the detection component 5 to rotate. During the rotation, the vision sensor 541 performs detection work, and multiple vision sensors 541 will detect the same position. By overlapping the detection data of multiple vision sensors 541 for the same position, the final detection conclusion can be obtained, so as to more comprehensively know the multi-directional extension of diagonal cracks, etc.

[0060] For reference Figure 1 ,Figure 2 , Figure 4 With Figure 5 , a first driving component 4 is provided when the driving detection component 5 starts to work. The first driving component 4 is located on one side of the moving shaft 3 and is detachably provided on the first driving component 4. The detachable setting facilitates the subsequent maintenance work of the first driving component 4.

[0061] Furthermore, the first driving component 4 includes a connecting seat 41, a driving unit 42, and a Z-shaped plate 43; the connecting seat 41 is L-shaped, and one side is adapted to the gap between the outer shell 51 and the inner shell 52. The lower surface of the connecting seat 41 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the outer surface of the inner shell 52 through a rotating shaft; the driving unit 42 is installed in the connecting seat 41, and its output end passes through the connecting seat 41 and meshes with the outer surface of the outer shell 51 and the inner surface of the inner shell 52; the Z-shaped plate 43 is installed and connected to the top of the connecting seat 41. One end of the lower surface of the Z-shaped plate 43 away from the connecting seat 41 is connected to the outer surface of the outer shell 51 through a rotating shaft, which can further strengthen its fixing condition; driven by the driving unit 42, the outer shell 51 and the inner shell 52 are driven to rotate, so as to drive the visual sensor 541 arranged inside the inner shell 52 to rotate.

[0062] It should be noted that the driving unit 42 is a combination of a driving speed regulating motor and a gear shaft. The two sides of the gear shaft mesh with the outer shell 51 and the inner shell 52 respectively. Driven by the speed regulating motor, the gear shaft rotates, thereby driving the entire detection component 5 to rotate. At the same time, the diameter of the middle part of the detection component 5 passing through the steel structure is larger than that of the steel structure, and there is no direct contact relationship with the steel structure.

[0063] For reference Figure 1 With Figure 5 , before the detection component 5 works, considering that if there is dirt on the surface of the steel structure, which will affect the detection work of the detection component 5, a cleaning component 8 is provided on one side of the detection component 5. The dirt on the surface of the steel structure can be cleaned by the cleaning component 8 first.

[0064] For reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 With Figure 6 , a connecting shaft 6 is provided for fixing the cleaning component 8. The diameter of the connecting shaft 6 is larger than that of the detection component 5, which can block the dirt on one side from floating towards the detection component 5 and reduce the amount of dust received by the detection component 5.

[0065] For reference Figure 1 , the cleaning component 8 includes a fixing ring 81 and a cleaning ring 82. The fixing ring 81 is detachably provided on the connecting shaft 6, and the outer surface of the cleaning ring 82 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the fixing ring 81; due to the detachable design of the fixing ring 81, it is convenient for subsequent cleaning of the cleaning ring 82.

[0066] When driving the cleaning ring 82 to rotate for cleaning work, a second driving component 7 is provided, which includes a driving shaft 71 and a driving gear 72. The driving shaft 71 is installed at the bottom surface of the connecting shaft 6, and the driving gear 72 is arranged at the output end of the driving shaft 71, and its surface is engaged with the bottom teeth of the cleaning ring 82; by starting the driving shaft 71 to work, the cleaning ring 82 is urged to rotate along the surface of the steel structure to achieve the cleaning effect. During the rotation process, the fixed ring 81 is fixed on the connecting shaft 6 and will not move.

[0067] For reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 And Figure 6 , during the cleaning process, there will be dust. To further reduce the dust from entering the detection component 5 and affecting its work, an air extraction component 9 is provided. The air extraction component 9 includes a U-shaped pipe 91, an air extractor 92, and an exhaust pipe 93. The U-shaped pipe 91 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 6, the air extraction end of the air extractor 92 is installed corresponding to the U-shaped pipe 91, and the exhaust pipe 93 is arranged corresponding to the air outlet of the air extractor 92; when the cleaning component 8 starts to work, the air extraction component 9 also works synchronously. The air extractor 92 drives the U-shaped pipe 91 on both sides of the connecting shaft 6 to start sucking dust, and the exhaust pipe 93 arranged at the output end of the air extractor 92 discharges the dust downward. The exhaust pipe 93 can be connected to an external extension pipe to discharge it towards a specified position.

[0068] It should be noted that the overall movement of the device is controlled by an automated system, and this control behavior is a common technical means in the prior art, so it will not be elaborated in this application.

[0069] A detection device and a detection method for inclined cracks on the surface of a steel structure, comprising:

[0070] Place the steel structure on the fixture assembly 1, and move the steel structure towards the cleaning assembly 8 through an external conveying device until it is inserted into the cleaning assembly 8. The cleaning assembly 8 performs the cleaning work on the surface of the steel structure during the insertion of the steel structure. When performing the cleaning work, the air extraction assembly 9 performs the air extraction work synchronously; subsequently, the area of the steel structure after cleaning enters the detection assembly 5 for inspection driven by the external conveying device. The diameter of the detection assembly 5 is larger than the diameter of the steel structure. After entering the detection area, the detection assembly 5 does not move at this time, and multiple visual sensors 541 arranged in a circular distribution are used for detection. During the detection, the lighting lamp 542 works synchronously. If a crack is detected, the external conveying device stops moving. After the movement stops, the first driving assembly 4 receives a signal and starts to work. After the first driving assembly 4 works, it drives the detection assembly 5 to rotate along the outer surface of the steel structure. At this time, multiple visual sensors 541 will overlap to detect multiple orientations. Subsequently, based on the detection of the overlapping positions by multiple visual sensors 541, statistics are made to more accurately calculate the situation of the inclined cracks on the surface of the steel structure. A traction device is provided at one end of the steel structure in the conveying direction to pull the steel structure completely out of the detection device; it should be noted that when the external conveying device stops, the traction device arranged on the opposite side also stops synchronously, and the two sides operate synchronously. Multiple steel structures complete the detection of inclined cracks of all steel structures by repeating the above steps.

[0071] The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various flexible forms conforming to the idea of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detection device for oblique cracks on the surface of a steel structure, characterized in that, Including: A fixture assembly (1) for clamping and fixing a steel structure. A short slide rail (101) is provided at the bottom of the fixture assembly (1), and the fixture assembly (1) reciprocates along the surface of the short slide rail (101); A long slide rail (2) is arranged above the fixture assembly (1); A moving shaft (3) is arranged on the long slide rail (2) to reciprocate; A first driving assembly (4) is located on one side of the moving shaft (3) and is detachably arranged on the first driving assembly (4); A detection assembly (5) meshes with the output end of the first driving assembly (4). By the operation of the first driving assembly (4), the detection assembly (5) is driven to rotate. The middle part of the detection assembly (5) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the first driving assembly (4); A connecting shaft (6) is located on the other side of the moving shaft (3) and is detachably arranged on the first driving assembly (4). The diameter of the connecting shaft (6) is larger than the diameter of the detection assembly (5). A second driving assembly (7) is provided at the bottom of the connecting shaft (6); A cleaning assembly (8) is arranged on the connecting shaft (6), and one side edge of the connecting shaft (6) meshes with the output end of the second driving assembly (7); At least two air extraction assemblies (9) are installed on the connecting shaft (6), and their air extraction ports are arranged corresponding to the edge of the cleaning assembly (8).

2. The detection device for inclined cracks on the surface of a steel structure according to claim 1, wherein The fixture assembly (1) includes a bottom shaft (11) and a top shaft (12). The bottom of the bottom shaft (11) is arranged on the short slide rail (101) to support the steel structure, and the top shaft (12) is connected to the top of the bottom shaft (11) by bolts.

3. The detection device for oblique cracks on the surface of a steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection assembly (5) includes a housing (51), an inner housing (52), a protective cover (53) and a scanning unit (54); The housing (51) is U-shaped and is connected to the first driving assembly (4); The inner housing (52) is fixedly connected to the housing (51). The diameter of the inner housing (52) is smaller than the diameter of the housing (51), and the inner housing (52) is concentrically arranged with the housing (51); The protective cover (53) is fixedly connected to the housing (51). The diameter of the protective cover (53) is smaller than the diameter of the inner housing (52), and the protective cover (53) is concentrically arranged with the inner housing (52); The scanning unit (54) is arranged in the middle of the connection between the protective cover (53) and the inner housing (52).

4. The detecting device for the inclined crack on the surface of the steel structure according to claim 3, wherein, The scanning unit (54) includes a vision sensor (541) and a lighting lamp (542); A plurality of the vision sensors (541) are arranged in an equidistant annular distribution on the inner surface of the inner housing (52), and a plurality of the lighting lamps (542) are arranged in an equidistant annular distribution on the inner surface of the inner housing (52).

5. The detection device for oblique cracks on the surface of a steel structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first driving assembly (4) includes a connecting seat (41), a driving unit (42) and a Z-shaped plate (43); One side of the connecting seat (41) is adapted to the gap between the housing (51) and the inner housing (52), and the lower surface of the connecting seat (41) is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer surface of the inner housing (52) through a rotating shaft; The driving unit (42) is installed in the connecting seat (41), and its output end passes through the connecting seat (41) and meshes with the outer surface of the housing (51) and the inner surface of the inner housing (52); The Z-shaped plate (43) is installed and connected to the top of the connecting seat (41), and one end of the lower surface of the Z-shaped plate (43) far from the connecting seat (41) is rotationally connected to the outer surface of the housing (51) through a rotating shaft.

6. The detection device for the inclined crack on the surface of the steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (8) includes a fixing ring (81) and a cleaning ring (82); The fixing ring (81) is detachably arranged on the connecting shaft (6); The outer surface of the cleaning ring (82) is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the fixing ring (81).

7. The detection device for oblique cracks on the surface of a steel structure according to claim 6, wherein, The second driving assembly (7) includes a driving shaft (71) and a driving gear (72); The driving shaft (71) is installed at the bottom of the surface of the connecting shaft (6); The driving gear (72) is arranged at the output end of the driving shaft (71), and its surface meshes with the bottom of the cleaning ring (82).

8. The detection device for the inclined crack on the surface of the steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The air extraction assembly (9) includes a U-shaped pipe (91), an air extractor (92) and an exhaust pipe (93), and the U-shaped pipe (91) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (6); The air extraction end of the air extractor (92) is installed corresponding to the U-shaped pipe (91); The exhaust pipe (93) is arranged corresponding to the air outlet of the air extractor (92).

9. The detection device for oblique cracks on the surface of a steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of positioning members (21) for supporting the steel structure are arranged on the long slide rail (2).

10. A detection method for a detection device for inclined cracks on the surface of a steel structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Place the steel structure on the fixture assembly (1), and move the steel structure towards the cleaning assembly (8) through an external conveying device until it is inserted into the cleaning assembly (8). The cleaning assembly (8) performs the cleaning work on the surface of the steel structure during the insertion of the steel structure. During the cleaning work, the air extraction assembly (9) performs the air extraction work synchronously; then the area of the steel structure after cleaning enters the detection assembly (5) for inspection under the drive of the external conveying device. The diameter of the detection assembly (5) is larger than the diameter of the steel structure. After entering the detection area, the detection assembly (5) does not move at this time, and is detected by a plurality of visual sensors (541) arranged in a circular distribution. During the detection, the lighting lamp (542) works synchronously. If a crack is detected, the external conveying device stops moving. After the movement stops, the first driving assembly (4) receives a signal and starts to work. After the first driving assembly (4) works, it drives the detection assembly (5) to rotate along the outer surface of the steel structure. At this time, the plurality of visual sensors (541) will overlap and detect multiple orientations. Subsequently, statistics are made based on the detection of the overlapping positions by the plurality of visual sensors (541), so as to more accurately calculate the situation of the inclined cracks on the surface of the steel structure. And a traction device is arranged at one end of the steel structure in the conveying direction to pull the steel structure completely out of the detection device; it should be noted that when the external conveying device stops, the traction device arranged on the opposite side also stops synchronously, and the two sides operate synchronously. Multiple steel structures complete the detection of all inclined cracks of the steel structures by repeating the above steps.

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