Holographic multiplexing glasses system and holographic multiplexing method thereof
The holographic multiplexing glasses system converts external light energy into electrical power, solving the problem of poor display effect and insufficient energy under strong light in the near-eye display system, achieving a better user experience and a lighter equipment design.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410120851.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
Smart Images
Figure CN120386093A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of near-eye display, and in particular, to a holographic multiplexing glasses system and a holographic multiplexing method thereof. Background Art
[0002] A near-eye display system, also known as an augmented reality display system, is widely used in fields such as medical treatment, entertainment, and education. It enables users to observe the real external scene while viewing virtual objects superimposed on the real scene through glasses. Existing near-eye display technology solutions include a coaxial side-view prism solution, an array semi-permeable membrane waveguide solution, a free-form surface solution, and a holographic grating waveguide solution. Among them, the holographic grating waveguide solution uses a holographic optical element with the ability to flexibly modulate light beams, which can effectively reduce the size and weight of the system and has good application prospects.
[0003] When users wear near-eye display device glasses in daily life, firstly, strong external light will affect users' daily life on the one hand, and on the other hand, the limited-brightness near-eye display image superimposed on the bright external environment will make the display effect not obvious, resulting in difficult observation for users; secondly, since the holographic optical element attached to the surface of the glasses diffracts external light, strong external light will also cause stray light to be generated at the position of the target image, thus affecting the display effect; finally, the image source of the near-eye display system needs to continuously generate target images, so it consumes a lot of electric energy, and equipping a large-capacity battery will significantly increase the volume and weight of the system. It can be seen that it is particularly necessary to provide a near-eye display system that can solve the above problems.
[0004] Patent CN215895124U discloses an electrically controlled light reduction device and a near-eye display device for a near-eye display device. This device uses a liquid crystal lens instead of a conventional lens and adjusts the light transmittance of the liquid crystal lens by controlling the output voltage of a power supply, thereby realizing five-level adjustable light transmittance of the electrically controlled light reduction device. This solution solves the problem that the light transmittance of the light reduction mirror of the near-eye display device is fixed and a light reduction mirror needs to be switched to adjust the light transmittance, but it cannot collect and utilize external light, and the electrically controlled light reduction device will further increase the power consumption of the device, exacerbating the problem of energy supply in the near-eye display system. Therefore, it has become an urgent problem to provide a holographic multiplexing glasses system and a holographic multiplexing method thereof. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a holographic multiplexing glasses system and a holographic multiplexing method thereof to solve the problems of limited energy supply in the current near-eye display system, stray light formed by external light in the near-eye display system affecting the display effect, and poor user experience caused by strong external light.
[0006] The present invention provides a holographic multiplexing glasses system and a holographic multiplexing method thereof. The holographic multiplexing glasses system includes:
[0007] Near-eye display module, including an image source, an imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, and an imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element; the image source is used to generate a target image; the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element is used to diffract the target image into the optical waveguide; the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element is used to diffract the target image in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide to the user;
[0008] External light collection module, including a light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, a light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element, and a solar cell; the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element is used to couple external light into the optical waveguide; the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element is used to diffract the external light transmitted in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide to the solar cell; the solar cell is attached to the surface and side of the optical waveguide and is used to convert the light energy of external light into electrical energy and supply power to the image source;
[0009] Optical waveguide, used to propagate the target image coupled in by the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element and the external light collected by the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element;
[0010] The imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element, the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, and the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element are attached to the surface of the optical waveguide.
[0011] Further, the optical waveguide is a single-layer optical waveguide or a double-layer optical waveguide;
[0012] When it is a single-layer optical waveguide, the near-eye display module and the external light collection module share one layer of optical waveguide;
[0013] When it is a double-layer optical waveguide, the near-eye display module uses the first optical waveguide, and the external light collection module uses the second optical waveguide.
[0014] Further, when a double-layer optical waveguide is adopted, the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide are connected in a detachable manner, the first optical waveguide serves as the main body of the holographic multiplexing glasses system, and the second optical waveguide and the external light collection module are optionally installed as detachable modules.
[0015] Further, when a single-layer optical waveguide is adopted, the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element, the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, and the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element adopt a single-layer or multi-layer stacked multiplexing method;
[0016] The single-layer multiplexing method refers to processing multiple holographic optical elements with different functions on one layer of material, and this layer of material can simultaneously perform the functions of the multiple holographic optical elements; the multi-layer stacking multiplexing method refers to processing multiple holographic optical elements with different functions on multiple layers of material respectively, stacking the multiple layers of material on the optical waveguide, and the multiple layers of material jointly perform the functions of the multiple holographic optical elements.
[0017] Further, the solar cell includes a surface solar cell and a side solar cell;
[0018] The surface solar cell is attached to the position on the surface of the optical waveguide corresponding to the output light of the light collection and output holographic optical element, and is used to convert the light energy of the external light coupled out from the surface of the optical waveguide into electrical energy and supply power to the image source;
[0019] The side solar cell is attached to the side of the optical waveguide where there is output light, and is used to convert the light energy of the external light coupled out from the side of the optical waveguide into electrical energy and supply power to the image source.
[0020] Further, when a double-layer optical waveguide is adopted, a number of first external light collection sub-units arranged in a one-dimensional pattern are evenly distributed on the surface of the second optical waveguide;
[0021] The first external light collection sub-unit includes a light collection and input holographic optical element, a light collection and output holographic optical element, and a surface solar cell.
[0022] Further, in the first external light collection sub-unit, the light collection and input holographic optical element and the surface solar cell are attached to the rear surface of the second optical waveguide, and the light collection and output holographic optical element is attached to the front surface or the rear surface of the second optical waveguide.
[0023] Further, when a single-layer optical waveguide is adopted, two second external light collection sub-units are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the optical waveguide or a number of second external light collection sub-units arranged in a two-dimensional pattern are evenly distributed on the surface of the optical waveguide;
[0024] The second external light collection sub-unit includes a light collection and input holographic optical element, a light collection and output holographic optical element, and a surface solar cell.
[0025] Further, in the two symmetrically distributed second external light collection sub-units, the light collection and input holographic optical element is attached to half of the rear surface area of the optical waveguide, the light collection and output holographic optical element is attached to the edge of the front surface or the rear surface of the optical waveguide, and the surface solar cell is attached to the edge of the rear surface of the optical waveguide;
[0026] Among several second external light collection sub-units arranged in a two-dimensional pattern with uniform distribution, the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element is located in one side area of the sub-unit, the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element is located in the other side area of the sub-unit, and the surface solar cell is located in a partial area corresponding to the area of the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element.
[0027] The present invention also discloses a holographic multiplexing method, and the method includes the following steps:
[0028] The image source generates a target image and projects the target image onto the imaging coupling-in holographic optical element;
[0029] The imaging coupling-in holographic optical element diffracts the target image into the optical waveguide; the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element collects external light and couples the external light into the optical waveguide;
[0030] The optical waveguide propagates the target image to the imaging coupling-out holographic optical element and propagates the external light to the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element and the side surface of the optical waveguide;
[0031] The imaging coupling-out holographic optical element diffracts the target image to the user; the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element couples out the external light to the surface solar cell; the side surface of the optical waveguide couples out the outgoing external light to the side solar cell;
[0032] The surface solar cell and the side solar cell convert the light energy of the external light into electric energy and supply power to the image source.
[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can at least achieve one of the following beneficial effects:
[0034] 1. By adopting a double-layer optical waveguide, the present invention makes the external light collection module a detachable module that can be optionally installed according to the needs of users in a timely manner, which is flexible and convenient. The external light collection module has the characteristic of low transmittance that can block external sunlight, thereby greatly reducing the influence of external strong light on users, greatly weakening the stray light formed by external light in the near-eye display system, improving the display effect, and enhancing the user experience.
[0035] 2. By adopting a single-layer optical waveguide, the present invention makes the holographic multiplexing glasses system more concise. The external light collection module has a relatively high transmittance in the central area of the optical waveguide and a low transmittance characteristic at the edge of the optical waveguide. Therefore, it can collect external light without affecting the main field of view of users, reduce the influence of external strong light on users, weaken the stray light formed by external light in the near-eye display system, improve the display effect, and enhance the user experience.
[0036] 3. In the present invention, the light of the image source is diffracted into the human eye through the near-eye display module, and the light energy of the external light is converted into electrical energy by the external light collection module and used to power the near-eye display module. There is no need to equip a large-capacity battery, which solves the problem of energy supply for the near-eye display system while reducing the volume and weight of the system.
[0037] 4. In the present invention, the light energy of the external light coupled out by the light-collecting and decoupling holographic optical element is converted into electrical energy by the surface solar cell, and the light energy of the external light coupled out from the side of the optical waveguide is converted into electrical energy by the side solar cell, which improves the utilization rate of the external light and the power supply ability.
[0038] In the present invention, the above technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination schemes. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent specification, and some advantages can be made obvious from the specification or understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained from the content specifically pointed out in the specification and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0039] The drawings are only for the purpose of showing specific embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference signs denote the same components.
[0040] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the holographic multiplexing glasses system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0041] Figure 2 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the near-eye display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0042] Figure 3 It is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the holographic multiplexing glasses system when using a double-layer optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0043] Figure 4 It is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the holographic multiplexing glasses system when using a single-layer optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0044] Figure 5 It is a rear view structural schematic diagram of an external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system uses a double-layer optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0045] Figure 6 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of an external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system uses a double-layer optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0046] Figure 7 It is a rear view structural schematic diagram of another external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system uses a double-layer optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0047] Figure 8 This is a top - view structural schematic diagram of another external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a double - layer optical waveguide;
[0048] Figure 9 This is a rear - view structural schematic diagram of an external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a single - layer optical waveguide;
[0049] Figure 10 This is a top - view structural schematic diagram of an external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a single - layer optical waveguide;
[0050] Figure 11 This is a rear - view structural schematic diagram of another external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a single - layer optical waveguide;
[0051] Figure 12 This is a top - view structural schematic diagram of another external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a single - layer optical waveguide;
[0052] Figure 13 This is a rear - view structural schematic diagram of yet another external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a single - layer optical waveguide;
[0053] Figure 14 This is a rear - view structural schematic diagram of still another external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a single - layer optical waveguide;
[0054] Figure 15 This is a flow chart of the holographic multiplexing method in the embodiment of the present invention.
[0055] Among them, the reference numerals are:
[0056] 1 - near - eye display module; 101 - image source; 102 - imaging - coupling holographic optical element; 103 - imaging - decoupling holographic optical element; 2 - external light collection module; 201 - light - collecting - coupling holographic optical element; 202 - light - collecting - decoupling holographic optical element; 203 - surface solar cell; 204 - side solar cell; 3 - optical waveguide; 4 - user. Detailed implementation manners
[0057] The following will specifically describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Among them, the accompanying drawings form a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the principle of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0058] Embodiment 1
[0059] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a holographic multiplexing glasses system. As Figure 1 shown, the system includes:
[0060] A near-eye display module, comprising an image source, an imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, and an imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element; the image source is configured to generate a target image; the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element is configured to diffract the target image into the optical waveguide; the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element is configured to diffract the target image in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide to a user;
[0061] An external light collection module, comprising a light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, a light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element, and a solar cell; the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element is configured to couple external light into the optical waveguide; the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element is configured to diffract the external light transmitted in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide to the solar cell; the solar cell is attached to the surface and side of the optical waveguide and is configured to convert the light energy of the external light into electrical energy and supply power to the image source;
[0062] The optical waveguide is configured to propagate the target image coupled in by the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element and the external light collected by the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element;
[0063] The imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element, the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, and the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element are attached to the surface of the optical waveguide.
[0064] Specifically, the near-eye display module is any one of a diffractive optical waveguide solution, an exit pupil expansion diffractive optical waveguide solution, and a field of view expansion diffractive optical waveguide solution.
[0065] The image source is located outside or inside the optical waveguide. After generating the target image, the target image is projected onto the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element. The image source is any one of an LCD display, an LED display, a CRT display, an OLED display, a plasma display, a field emission display, a light-emitting polymer display, a projector, and a projection component.
[0066] The recording materials of the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element, the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, and the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element are any one of a silver salt dry plate, a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin, a photorefractive material, a photochromic material, a photoanisotropic material, an etchant, a liquid crystal, and a metasurface.
[0067] Specifically, when any one of an LCD monitor, an LED monitor, a CRT monitor, an OLED monitor, a plasma monitor, a field emission display, a light-emitting polymer display, and a projector is selected as the image source, the imaging-coupling holographic optical element should be an off-axis holographic lens with both beam collimation and beam steering functions. When a projection component including a collimation system is selected as the image source, the imaging-coupling holographic optical element should be a holographic grating with a beam steering function.
[0068] It should be noted that Figure 1 Both the left and right lenses shown in Figure 1 include three parts: a near-eye display module, an external light collection module, and an optical waveguide; for ease of understanding, Figure 2-14 in
[0069] it can be understood that each of the holographic optical elements is a complex micro-nano structure grating fabricated based on the holographic principle of interference recording and diffraction reproduction. By selecting different types and positions of recording beams, holographic optical elements with multiple functions such as beam steering (similar to a mirror) and imaging (similar to a lens) can be fabricated.
[0070] Furthermore, the solar cell includes a surface solar cell and a side solar cell;
[0071] The surface solar cell is attached to a position on the surface of the optical waveguide corresponding to the output light of the light-collecting and output-coupling holographic optical element, and is used to convert the light energy of the external light coupled out from the surface of the optical waveguide into electrical energy and supply power to the image source;
[0072] The side solar cell is attached to the side of the optical waveguide where there is output light, and is used to convert the light energy of the external light coupled out from the side of the optical waveguide into electrical energy and supply power to the image source.
[0073] Specifically, the solar cell is any one of a crystalline silicon solar cell, a silicon-based thin-film solar cell, a compound thin-film solar cell, an organic solar cell, a dye-sensitized solar cell, a quantum dot solar cell, a perovskite solar cell, a tandem solar cell, a multi-bandgap solar cell, and a hot carrier solar cell.
[0074] Specifically, as Figure 2As shown, in the near-eye display module, the target image from the image source is irradiated on the imaging-coupling holographic optical element. The imaging-coupling holographic optical element reflects the target image and provides a relatively large incident angle θ1 that can satisfy the total reflection condition. The target image undergoes one or more total reflections in the optical waveguide and propagates to the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element. The imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element diffracts the target image to the user, thereby achieving a color near-eye display.
[0075] In the external light collection module, the external light incident from multiple angles outside the holographic multiplexing glasses system is reflected by the light-collecting coupling-in holographic optical element and provides another incident angle that can satisfy the total reflection condition but is different from θ1. The external light is irradiated on the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element after one or more reflections in the optical waveguide. The light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element couples out a part of the external light and irradiates it on the surface solar cell, and the other part of the external light continues to undergo total reflection in the optical waveguide and propagates to the side of the optical waveguide. This part of the external light is coupled out from the side of the optical waveguide and irradiated on the side solar cell. The surface solar cell and the side solar cell convert the light energy of the external light into electrical energy and supply power to the image source.
[0076] It can be understood that in the present invention, the light of the image source is diffracted into the human eye through the near-eye display module, and the light energy of the external light is converted into electrical energy through the external light collection module and supplies power to the near-eye display module. There is no need to be equipped with a large-capacity battery, which solves the problem of energy supply for the near-eye display system while reducing the volume and weight of the system. In the present invention, the surface solar cell converts the light energy of the external light coupled out by the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element into electrical energy, and the side solar cell converts the light energy of the external light coupled out from the side of the optical waveguide into electrical energy, improving the utilization rate of the external light and the power supply ability.
[0077] Furthermore, the optical waveguide is a single-layer optical waveguide or a double-layer optical waveguide;
[0078] When it is a single-layer optical waveguide, the near-eye display module and the external light collection module share one layer of the optical waveguide;
[0079] When it is a double-layer optical waveguide, the near-eye display module uses the first optical waveguide, and the external light collection module uses the second optical waveguide.
[0080] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, the optical waveguide is a double-layer optical waveguide; as Figure 4As shown, the optical waveguide is a single-layer optical waveguide. The optical waveguide is a spectacle lens in any one of the planar, cylindrical, and curved surface shapes. The incident angles of the target image and the collected external light on the surface of the optical waveguide in the optical waveguide should be greater than the critical angle of total reflection, so as to ensure the lossless total reflection transmission of the light beam in the optical waveguide.
[0081] It can be understood that when each holographic optical element in the present invention is exposed and processed, the incident angle of exposure can be freely designed, and the incident angle of exposure determines the angles of the incident light and the diffracted outgoing light of the holographic optical element. Specifically, two beams of light are used for interference exposure when the holographic optical element is processed. Therefore, let the incident angle of one of them satisfy the condition of being greater than the critical angle of total reflection. At this time, after the external light or the target image is incident at the designed angle, it will be diffracted and emitted at the designed diffraction angle, so as to meet the total reflection transmission condition. Although the light of the target image and the external light coexist in the optical waveguide at the same time, the angles of total reflection propagation of the two are different; and because the holographic optical element can only diffract light with a specific incident angle, the imaging coupling-out holographic optical element can only diffract the light incident on the target image, so as to realize coupling out only the light of the target image without coupling out the external light. Similarly, the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element realizes coupling out only the external light without coupling out the light of the target image, and the two do not interfere with each other.
[0082] Furthermore, when a double-layer optical waveguide is adopted, the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide are connected in a detachable manner. The first optical waveguide serves as the main body of the holographic multiplexing glasses system, and the second optical waveguide and the external light collection module are detachably installed as needed.
[0083] Specifically, the second optical waveguide is set as a detachable module with clamping or magnetic attraction, and is detachably installed as a pair of sunglasses as needed. In this mode, the external light collection module attached to the surface of the second optical waveguide has a low transmittance characteristic that can block external sunlight, and its transmittance characteristic is determined by the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element, the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element, and the surface solar cell. The transmittance characteristic of the same area of the optical waveguide is the product of the transmittances of the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element, the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element, and the surface solar cell attached to this area. Since there is a restrictive relationship between the transmittance and the light conversion characteristic of the solar cell, that is, when the light conversion rate is high, its transmittance is low. In order to ensure that the surface solar cell has good light conversion characteristics, its transmittance needs to be reduced. Therefore, the transmittances of the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element and the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element are higher than that of the surface solar cell.
[0084] It is understandable that by adopting a double-layer optical waveguide, the present invention takes the external light collection module as a detachable module and selectively installs it according to the needs of users in a timely manner, which is flexible and convenient. The external light collection module has a low transmittance characteristic that can block external sunlight, thus greatly reducing the impact of external strong light on users, greatly weakening the stray light formed by external light in the near-eye display system, improving the display effect, and enhancing the user experience. Moreover, since users need to observe the external environment, the surface solar cell needs to have a certain transmittance, that is, a certain light conversion efficiency needs to be sacrificed. While the side solar cell does not affect users, so it does not need to have transmittance, that is, a solar cell with a very high light conversion efficiency can be selected, thereby further improving the external light utilization rate and power supply capacity of the system.
[0085] Further, when a single-layer optical waveguide is adopted, a single-layer or multi-layer stacking and multiplexing method is adopted between the imaging coupling-in holographic optical element, the imaging coupling-out holographic optical element, the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element, and the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element;
[0086] The single-layer multiplexing method refers to processing multiple holographic optical elements with different functions on one layer of material, and this layer of material can simultaneously complete the functions of the multiple holographic optical elements; the multi-layer stacking and multiplexing method refers to processing multiple holographic optical elements with different functions on multiple layers of material respectively, stacking the multiple layers of material on the optical waveguide, and the multiple layers of material jointly complete the functions of the multiple holographic optical elements.
[0087] Specifically, the single-layer multiplexing method refers to making sub-gratings with different colors and functions into a single-layer structure in the same area; according to the angle selectivity and wavelength selectivity characteristics of the holographic optical element, different sub-gratings will diffract light of corresponding colors, thereby realizing corresponding functions. The multi-layer stacking and multiplexing method refers to arranging sub-gratings with different colors and functions in multiple layers, with the same sub-grating being a single-layer structure, and pasting different sub-gratings in the same area to stack into a multi-layer structure.
[0088] In this mode, the external light collection module attached to the surface of the optical waveguide needs to have a relatively high transmittance in the central area of the optical waveguide used in the main field of view of the user, and has a low transmittance characteristic at the edge of the optical waveguide. Therefore, the surface solar cells that cause the transmittance to decrease can be arranged in the areas on the upper and lower or left and right sides of the optical waveguide.
[0089] It can be understood that by adopting a single-layer optical waveguide, the holographic multiplexing glasses system of the present invention is made more concise. Its external light collection module has a relatively high transmittance in the central region of the optical waveguide and a low transmittance characteristic at the edge of the optical waveguide. Therefore, it can collect external light without affecting the user's main field of view, reduce the impact of external strong light on the user, weaken the stray light formed by external light in the near-eye display system, improve the display effect, and enhance the user experience.
[0090] Further, when a double-layer optical waveguide is adopted, a number of first external light collection sub-units arranged in a one-dimensional pattern are evenly distributed on the surface of the second optical waveguide;
[0091] The first external light collection sub-unit includes a light collection coupling-in holographic optical element, a light collection coupling-out holographic optical element, and a surface solar cell.
[0092] Specifically, the surface of the optical waveguide is evenly distributed with exactly the same first external light collection sub-units arranged in a one-dimensional pattern. Each sub-unit includes a light collection coupling-in holographic optical element, a light collection coupling-out holographic optical element, and a surface solar cell. The surface solar cell is evenly attached to a partial area of the surface of the optical waveguide, that is, a large area of solar cells are still distributed in the central region of the optical waveguide used in the user's main field of view.
[0093] Further, the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element and the surface solar cell in the first external light collection sub-unit are attached to the rear surface of the second optical waveguide, and the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element is attached to the front surface or the rear surface of the second optical waveguide.
[0094] Specifically, when a double-layer optical waveguide is adopted, the two embodiments of the external light collection module are as described in Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3.
[0095] Further, when a single-layer optical waveguide is adopted, two second external light collection sub-units are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the optical waveguide or a number of second external light collection sub-units arranged in a two-dimensional pattern are evenly distributed;
[0096] The second external light collection sub-unit includes a light collection coupling-in holographic optical element, a light collection coupling-out holographic optical element, and a surface solar cell.
[0097] Specifically, two second external light collection sub-units are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower or left and right surfaces of the optical waveguide, or a two-dimensional arrangement of identical second external light collection sub-units is uniformly distributed. Each sub-unit includes a light collection coupling-in holographic optical element, a light collection coupling-out holographic optical element, and a surface solar cell. The surface solar cell is attached to the edge region of the optical waveguide surface or a partial region in the corresponding region of the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element, that is, there is no or a small area of solar cells is distributed in the central region of the optical waveguide used in the main field of view of the user.
[0098] Further, in the two symmetrically distributed second external light collection sub-units, the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element is attached to half of the rear surface region of the optical waveguide, the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element is attached to the edge of the front surface or the rear surface of the optical waveguide, and the surface solar cell is attached to the edge of the rear surface of the optical waveguide;
[0099] In the several second external light collection sub-units with a two-dimensional arrangement of uniform distribution, the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element is located in one side region of the sub-unit, the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element is located in the other side region of the sub-unit, and the surface solar cell is located in a partial region in the corresponding region of the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element.
[0100] Specifically, when a single-layer optical waveguide is used, the four embodiments of the external light collection module are as described in Embodiments Four to Seven.
[0101] Embodiment Two
[0102] An embodiment of the present invention discloses an external light collection module when a holographic multiplexing glasses system uses a double-layer optical waveguide, as Figure 5 shown. The light collection coupling-in holographic optical element 201, the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element 202, and the surface solar cell 203 in the first external light collection sub-unit are attached to the rear surface of the second optical waveguide 3. When the incident angle of the external light on the surface of the optical waveguide in the second optical waveguide is θ and the thickness of the optical waveguide is d, the areas of the light collection coupling-in holographic optical element, the light collection coupling-out holographic optical element, and the surface solar cell in each first external light collection sub-unit are relatively large, and their lengths in the light beam transmission direction are all 2*d*tan(θ).
[0103] Specifically, as Figure 6As shown, the external light incident from multiple angles outside the holographic multiplexing glasses system is reflected by the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element and provides another larger incident angle θ2 that can satisfy the total reflection condition but is different from θ1. After the external light is totally reflected by the front surface of the second optical waveguide, it irradiates on the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element. The light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element diffracts a part of the external light and provides a smaller incident angle that no longer satisfies the total reflection condition. This part of the external light is coupled out of the optical waveguide and irradiates on the surface solar cell; another part of the external light cannot be directly coupled out due to the diffraction efficiency of the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element, but continues to be totally reflected in the optical waveguide and propagates to the side of the optical waveguide. This part of the external light is coupled out from the side of the optical waveguide and irradiates on the side solar cell. At this time, the external light needs to be totally reflected and transmitted on the front surface of the optical waveguide between the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element and the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element.
[0104] It can be understood that when processing the holographic optical element, the angle of the exposure beam can be reasonably selected, that is, the incident light and the outgoing light angles of each holographic optical element can be freely designed. Therefore, when the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element diffracts the external light, it can provide a smaller incident angle that does not satisfy the total reflection condition.
[0105] Embodiment III
[0106] An embodiment of the present invention discloses another external light collection module when the holographic multiplexing glasses system adopts a double-layer optical waveguide, as Figure 7 shown, the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element 201 and the surface solar cell 203 in the first external light collection sub-unit are attached to the rear surface of the second optical waveguide 3, and the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element 202 is attached to the front surface of the second optical waveguide 3. When the incident angle of the external light on the surface of the optical waveguide in the second optical waveguide is θ and the thickness of the optical waveguide is d, the areas of the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element, the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element, and the surface solar cell in each first external light collection sub-unit are relatively small, and their lengths in the light beam transmission direction are all d*tan(θ).
[0107] Specifically, as Figure 8As shown, the external light incident from multiple angles outside the holographic multiplexing glasses system is reflected by the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element and provides another incident angle θ3 that can satisfy the total reflection condition but is different from θ1. The external light directly irradiates on the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element. The light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element diffracts a part of the external light and provides a smaller incident angle that no longer satisfies the total reflection condition. This part of the external light is coupled out from the optical waveguide and irradiates on the surface solar cell; another part of the external light cannot be directly coupled out due to the diffraction efficiency of the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element, but continues to undergo total reflection in the optical waveguide and propagates to the side surface of the optical waveguide. This part of the external light is coupled out from the side surface of the optical waveguide and irradiates on the side solar cell. At this time, the external light does not need to undergo a total reflection transmission on the front surface of the optical waveguide between the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element and the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element.
[0108] Embodiment 4
[0109] An embodiment of the present invention discloses an external light collection module when a single-layer optical waveguide is used in a holographic multiplexing glasses system, as Figure 9 shown, the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element 201 in the second external light collection sub-units symmetrically distributed on the left and right is attached to half of the area of the rear surface of the optical waveguide 3, and the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element 202 and the surface solar cell 203 are attached to the left and right edges of the rear surface of the optical waveguide 3. When the incident angle of the external light on the surface of the optical waveguide in the optical waveguide is θ and the thickness of the optical waveguide is d, the lengths of the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element, the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element, and the surface solar cell in the beam transmission direction in each second external light collection sub-unit are 4*d*tan(θ), 2*d*tan(θ), and 2*d*tan(θ) respectively. Therefore, in order to ensure that the two sub-units can cover the entire surface of the optical waveguide, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the optical waveguide or increase the incident angle of the external light for total reflection transmission in the optical waveguide.
[0110] Specifically, the external light incident from multiple angles outside the holographic multiplexing glasses system is reflected by the light-collecting and coupling-in holographic optical element and provides another incident angle θ4 that can satisfy the total reflection condition but is different from θ1. As Figure 10 shown in the right sub-unit, a part of the external light is irradiated on the light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element after total reflection on the front surface of the optical waveguide. The light-collecting and coupling-out holographic optical element diffracts this part of the external light and provides a smaller incident angle that no longer satisfies the total reflection condition. This part of the external light is coupled out from the optical waveguide and irradiates on the surface solar cell; as Figure 10As shown by the left sub-unit, another part of the external light is reflected by the light-collecting and output-coupling holographic optical element and directly irradiates or irradiates on the side surface of the optical waveguide after total reflection on the front surface of the optical waveguide, and this part of the external light is coupled out from the side surface of the optical waveguide and irradiates on the side solar cell.
[0111] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the area where the light-collecting and output-coupling holographic optical element is located is also a partial area of the light-collecting and input-coupling holographic optical element, that is, this area has both the functions of light-collecting and output-coupling and light-collecting and input-coupling at the same time. At this time, the selected light-collecting and output-coupling holographic optical element only has the function of beam steering (such as a holographic grating), so a larger area of surface solar cells is required, so that the area of the low transmittance regions on both sides is larger.
[0112] Embodiment Five
[0113] An embodiment of the present invention discloses another external light collection module when a single-layer optical waveguide is used in a holographic multiplexing glasses system, as Figure 11 shown, the light-collecting and input-coupling holographic optical element 201 in the second external light collection sub-units symmetrically distributed on the left and right is attached to half of the area of the rear surface of the optical waveguide 3, the light-collecting and output-coupling holographic optical element 202 is attached to the left and right edges of the front surface of the optical waveguide 3, and the surface solar cell 203 is attached to the left and right edges of the rear surface of the optical waveguide 3.
[0114] Specifically, the external light incident from multiple angles outside the holographic multiplexing glasses system is reflected by the light-collecting and input-coupling holographic optical element and provides another incident angle θ5 that can satisfy the total reflection condition but is different from θ1. As Figure 12 shown by the right sub-unit, a part of the external light irradiates on the light-collecting and output-coupling holographic optical element, and the light-collecting and output-coupling holographic optical element converges, reflects and provides a smaller incident angle that no longer satisfies the total reflection condition, and this part of the external light is coupled out from the optical waveguide and irradiates on the surface solar cell; as Figure 12 shown by the left sub-unit, another part of the external light is directly irradiated on the side surface of the optical waveguide after being reflected by the light-collecting and input-coupling holographic optical element, and this part of the external light is coupled out from the side surface of the optical waveguide and irradiates on the side solar cell.
[0115] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the selected light-collecting and output-coupling holographic optical element has both the functions of beam steering and beam convergence (such as an off-axis holographic lens), so a smaller area of surface solar cells is required, so that the area of the low transmittance regions on both sides is smaller.
[0116] Embodiment Six
[0117] An embodiment of the present invention discloses yet another external light collection module when a single-layer optical waveguide is used in a holographic multiplexing glasses system, asFigure 13 As shown, the light-collecting coupling-in holographic optical element 201 in the second external light-collecting sub-units symmetrically distributed up and down is attached to an area of half of the rear surface of the optical waveguide 3, and the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element 202 and the surface solar cell 203 are attached to the upper and lower edges of the rear surface of the optical waveguide 3. When the incident angle of the external light on the surface of the optical waveguide in the optical waveguide is θ and the thickness of the optical waveguide is d, the lengths of the light-collecting coupling-in holographic optical element, the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element, and the surface solar cell in the beam transmission direction in each second external light-collecting sub-unit are 4*d*tan(θ), 2*d*tan(θ), and 2*d*tan(θ), respectively.
[0118] It can be understood that since the left-right length of the optical waveguide is greater than the up-down height, the thickness of the optical waveguide required in this embodiment and the incident angle of the external light for total internal reflection transmission in the optical waveguide are relatively smaller.
[0119] It should be noted that the solution of changing the collection of external light from the left and right sides of the optical waveguide to the up and down sides of the optical waveguide is not limited to this embodiment, but is applicable to Figure 1-14 all embodiments.
[0120] Embodiment Seven
[0121] An embodiment of the present invention discloses another external light-collecting module when a single-layer optical waveguide is used in a holographic multiplexing glasses system. As Figure 14 shown, the light-collecting coupling-in holographic optical element 201 in the second external light-collecting sub-units arranged in a two-dimensional array and evenly distributed is located in the left area of the sub-unit, the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element 202 is located in the right area of the sub-unit, and the surface solar cell 203 is located in the lower right area of the sub-unit.
[0122] Specifically, each of the second external light-collecting sub-units is divided into four areas: upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right. Among them, the light-collecting coupling-in holographic optical element in the upper left area collects the external light to the upper right area and the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element in the upper right area propagates the external light to the lower right area. The light-collecting coupling-in holographic optical element in the lower left area collects the external light to the lower right area, and the external light propagated or collected to the lower right area is coupled out by the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element in the lower right area and irradiated on the surface solar cell. Therefore, in this way, the area of the surface solar cell can be effectively reduced.
[0123] Embodiment Eight
[0124] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a holographic multiplexing method. As Figure 15 shown, the method includes the following steps:
[0125] Step S1: The image source generates a target image and projects the target image onto an imaging-coupling holographic optical element;
[0126] Step S2: The imaging-coupling holographic optical element diffracts the target image into the optical waveguide; the light-collecting coupling holographic optical element collects external light and couples the external light into the optical waveguide;
[0127] Step S3: The optical waveguide propagates the target image to an imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element and propagates the external light to the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element and the side surface of the optical waveguide;
[0128] Step S4: The imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element diffracts the target image to the user; the light-collecting coupling-out holographic optical element couples out the external light to the surface solar cell; the side surface of the optical waveguide couples out the outgoing external light to the side solar cell;
[0129] Step S5: The surface solar cell and the side solar cell convert the light energy of the external light into electric energy and supply power to the image source.
[0130] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the holographic multiplexing glasses system and the holographic multiplexing method provided by the present invention are as follows:
[0131] 1. By adopting a double-layer optical waveguide, the present invention makes the external light collection module a detachable module, which can be optionally installed according to the needs of the user in a timely manner, being flexible and convenient. The external light collection module has a low transmittance characteristic that can block external sunlight, thus greatly reducing the influence of external strong light on the user, greatly weakening the stray light formed by external light in the near-eye display system, improving the display effect, and enhancing the user experience.
[0132] 2. By adopting a single-layer optical waveguide, the present invention makes the holographic multiplexing glasses system more concise. The external light collection module has a relatively high transmittance in the central region of the optical waveguide and a low transmittance characteristic at the edge of the optical waveguide. Therefore, it can collect external light while not affecting the main field of view of the user, reducing the influence of external strong light on the user, weakening the stray light formed by external light in the near-eye display system, improving the display effect, and enhancing the user experience.
[0133] 3. The present invention diffracts the light of the image source into the human eye through the near-eye display module, converts the light energy of the external light into electric energy through the external light collection module and supplies power to the near-eye display module, without the need to be equipped with a large-capacity battery. While solving the energy supply problem of the near-eye display system, the volume and weight of the system are reduced.
[0134] 4. In the present invention, the surface solar cell converts the light energy of the external light coupled out by the light-collecting and coupled-out holographic optical element into electrical energy, and the side solar cell converts the light energy of the external light coupled out from the side of the optical waveguide into electrical energy, thereby improving the utilization rate of the external light and the power supply capacity.
[0135] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Among them, the computer-readable storage medium is a magnetic disk, an optical disc, a read-only memory, or a random access memory, etc.
[0136] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A holographic multiplexing glasses system, characterized in that, The system includes: A near-eye display module, including an image source, an imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, and an imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element; the image source is configured to generate a target image; the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element is configured to diffract the target image into the optical waveguide; the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element is configured to diffract the target image in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide to the user. An external light collection module, including a light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, a light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element, and a solar cell; the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element is configured to couple external light into the optical waveguide; the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element is configured to diffract the external light transmitted in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide to the solar cell; the solar cell is attached to the surface and side of the optical waveguide and is configured to convert the light energy of external light into electrical energy and supply power to the image source. An optical waveguide is configured to propagate the target image coupled in by the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element and the external light collected by the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element. The imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element, the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, and the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element are attached to the surface of the optical waveguide.
2. The holographic multiplexing glasses system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical waveguide is a single-layer optical waveguide or a double-layer optical waveguide. When it is a single-layer optical waveguide, the near-eye display module and the external light collection module share one layer of optical waveguide. When it is a double-layer optical waveguide, the near-eye display module uses a first optical waveguide, and the external light collection module uses a second optical waveguide.
3. The holographic multiplexing glasses system according to claim 2, wherein When a double-layer optical waveguide is adopted, the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide are connected in a detachable manner. The first optical waveguide serves as the main body of the holographic multiplexing glasses system, and the second optical waveguide and the external light collection module are optionally installed as detachable modules.
4. The holographic multiplexing glasses system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When a single-layer optical waveguide is adopted, a single-layer or multi-layer stacked multiplexing method is adopted among the imaging-coupling-in holographic optical element, the imaging-coupling-out holographic optical element, the light-collecting-coupling-in holographic optical element, and the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element. The single-layer multiplexing method means that a plurality of holographic optical elements with different functions are processed on one layer of material, and this layer of material can simultaneously complete the functions of the plurality of holographic optical elements. The multi-layer stacked multiplexing method means that a plurality of holographic optical elements with different functions are respectively processed on multiple layers of material, and the multiple layers of material are stacked on the optical waveguide, and the multiple layers of material jointly complete the functions of the plurality of holographic optical elements.
5. The holographic multiplexing glasses system according to claim 2, wherein, The solar cell includes a surface solar cell and a side solar cell. The surface solar cell is attached to the position on the surface of the optical waveguide corresponding to the coupling-out light of the light-collecting-coupling-out holographic optical element, and is configured to convert the light energy of the external light coupled out from the surface of the optical waveguide into electrical energy and supply power to the image source. The side solar cell is attached to the side of the optical waveguide where there is coupling-out light, and is configured to convert the light energy of the external light coupled out from the side of the optical waveguide into electrical energy and supply power to the image source.
6. The holographic multiplexing glasses system according to claim 5, characterized in that, When a double-layer optical waveguide is adopted, a plurality of first external light collection sub-units arranged in a one-dimensional manner are evenly distributed on the surface of the second optical waveguide. The first external light collection sub-unit includes a light collection input holographic optical element, a light collection output holographic optical element, and a surface solar cell.
7. The holographic multiplexing glasses system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the first external light collection sub-unit, the light collection input holographic optical element and the surface solar cell are attached to the rear surface of the second optical waveguide, and the light collection output holographic optical element is attached to the front surface or the rear surface of the second optical waveguide.
8. The holographic multiplexing glasses system according to claim 5, wherein When a single-layer optical waveguide is adopted, two second external light collection sub-units are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the optical waveguide, or a plurality of second external light collection sub-units arranged in a two-dimensional array are evenly distributed; The second external light collection sub-unit includes a light collection input holographic optical element, a light collection output holographic optical element, and a surface solar cell.
9. The holographic multiplexing glasses system according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the two symmetrically distributed second external light collection sub-units, the light collection input holographic optical element is attached to a half area of the rear surface of the optical waveguide, the light collection output holographic optical element is attached to the edge of the front surface or the rear surface of the optical waveguide, and the surface solar cell is attached to the edge of the rear surface of the optical waveguide; In the plurality of second external light collection sub-units arranged in a two-dimensional array and evenly distributed, the light collection input holographic optical element is located in one side area of the sub-unit, the light collection output holographic optical element is located in the other side area of the sub-unit, and the surface solar cell is located in a partial area corresponding to the area of the light collection output holographic optical element.
10. A holographic multiplexing method, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The image source generates a target image and projects the target image onto the imaging input holographic optical element; The imaging input holographic optical element diffracts the target image into the optical waveguide; the light collection input holographic optical element collects external light and couples the external light into the optical waveguide; The optical waveguide propagates the target image to the imaging output holographic optical element and propagates the external light to the light collection output holographic optical element and the side surface of the optical waveguide; The imaging output holographic optical element diffracts the target image to the user; the light collection output holographic optical element couples the external light out to the surface solar cell; the side surface of the optical waveguide couples the outgoing external light out to the side solar cell; The surface solar cell and the side solar cell convert the light energy of the external light into electric energy and supply power to the image source.