Quick charging circuit and charging method for main and auxiliary bags, and battery
By introducing parallel energy paths and dynamic energy balance between high-voltage packages and low-voltage packages, the problems of slow charging speed and low efficiency in parallel power supply systems of multiple battery packs are solved, and fast and effective charging resource configuration is achieved and system performance is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510459466.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
AI Technical Summary
Traditional multi-battery-pack parallel power supply systems have problems such as slow charging speed, low charging efficiency and functional disconnection during charging. Especially when the voltage difference between the battery bags is large, the current superposition advantages of the multi-battery-pack parallel system cannot be effectively utilized.
By introducing discrete Buck circuits, a parallel energy path is established between the high-voltage packet and the low-voltage packet, the high-voltage packet energy is reduced by stepping down and the low-voltage packet is recharged and charged, and the on-duty cycle of the MOS tube is dynamically adjusted through the PWM signal to achieve energy equalization. Combined with the charger parallel charging mode, superimposed charging between the high-voltage packet and the charger.
Significantly shorten the charging cycle, improve charging speed and energy utilization, improve system function redundancy, avoid wasting charging time, and realize global optimized configuration of charging resources.
Smart Images
Figure CN120389470A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of circuit protection technology, and in particular relates to a main and auxiliary pack fast charging circuit, a charging method and a battery. Background Art
[0002] With the increasing demand for battery life in mobile electronic devices and new energy devices, the design of dual or multiple battery packs in parallel for power supply systems is becoming increasingly popular. Existing technologies primarily achieve system expansion through a hierarchical charging and discharging strategy that manages the primary and secondary battery packs. A typical operating mode is: during the discharge phase, the primary battery pack is prioritized for power supply, switching to the secondary battery pack when the primary pack's charge level falls below a threshold. During the charging phase, the charger prioritizes the low-voltage battery pack, and once the voltages of the battery packs reach equilibrium, all charging MOSFETs are enabled for parallel charging.
[0003] However, practical applications have shown that traditional charging and discharging solutions have significant technical drawbacks. First, due to the charger's rated output current distribution during the charging process, when the system is charging only a single battery pack, the charger's effective output current is limited to the upper charging limit of the single battery pack. This prevents the current stacking advantage of a multi-pack parallel system from being realized, significantly reducing the overall charging speed. Second, the existing voltage balancing strategy requires that the charging circuits of other battery packs must be opened only after the low-voltage pack has completed charging or reached an equal voltage state. This serial charging mode results in low charging efficiency, especially when the initial voltage difference between battery packs is large, resulting in significant charging time waste. Third, in the existing system architecture, the secondary battery pack only serves as a backup discharge unit and lacks an energy reverse supply mechanism. When the main battery pack is depleted, emergency charging cannot be performed through the secondary pack, resulting in functional interruptions in the system under certain operating conditions. These technical drawbacks severely restrict the performance optimization space for multi-pack parallel systems, and technological innovation is urgently needed to achieve breakthroughs. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In response to the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a main and auxiliary pack fast charging circuit, charging method and battery. By introducing a discrete Buck circuit, when there is a voltage difference between the main and auxiliary battery packs, the high-voltage pack reduces the energy through the Buck circuit and then charges the low-voltage pack. At the same time, the charger directly powers the low-voltage pack, realizing parallel superposition charging of the high-voltage pack and the charger, breaking through the single-pack charging current limit. In addition, the present application further dynamically adjusts the conduction duty cycle of the Buck circuit MOS tube through the PWM signal, accurately controls the output voltage and current of the high-voltage pack to the low-voltage pack, and realizes adaptive energy balance between the two packs; after the voltage is consistent, it seamlessly switches to the charger's dual-pack parallel charging mode. This solves the emergency power replenishment needs of the main pack and improves the functional redundancy of the system.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit, the circuit comprising: 1 main package circuit and at least 1 auxiliary package circuit; the main package circuit or the auxiliary package circuit at least comprises: a battery pack, a fuse FUSE connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack, a MOS transistor M1 and a MOS transistor M2 connected in series with the fuse FUSE; the other end of the MOS transistor M2 is connected to the positive terminal of the charger, the MOS transistor M2 is also connected in parallel with a BUCK circuit, the BUCK circuit is also connected to an MCU, one end of the MCU is connected to an analog front end AFE, and the other end is connected to a CAN.
[0006] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further comprises: a MOS transistor M3, the source electrode of the MOS transistor M3 is connected to a low-voltage battery pack through an inductor L1, and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor M3 is connected to a high-voltage battery pack; the gate electrode of the MOS transistor M3 is respectively connected to the emitter electrodes of a triode Q1 and a triode Q2, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to the drain electrode of the MOS transistor M3; the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected to the base electrode of a triode Q3; the base electrodes of the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 are both connected to the collector electrode of the triode Q3 and the high-voltage battery pack; the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected to the positive terminal of the charger, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of the charger.
[0007] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further comprises: A diode D1 and a diode D2 are further connected in parallel between the inductor L1 and the low-voltage battery pack; The other ends of the diode D1 and the diode D2 are also grounded.
[0008] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further comprises: One end of the inductor L1 is connected to a diode D3, and the other end of the diode D3 is grounded.
[0009] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further comprises: A diode D4 and an inductor L2 are also connected in parallel between the MOS transistor M3 and the triode Q1.
[0010] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further comprises: An inductor L4 is also connected between the base electrodes of the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 and the high-voltage battery pack; An inductor L5 is also connected between the base electrodes of the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 and the collector electrode of the triode Q3. Preferably, the BUCK circuit further comprises: The base electrode of the triode Q3 is connected to an inductor L7 and an inductor L6; The other end of the inductor L6 is connected to the emitter electrode of the triode Q3.
[0011] Second aspect, the present application provides a charging method, and the charging method is implemented by using the main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit in the first aspect. Specifically, the charging method includes: when there is a voltage difference between the main package battery and the auxiliary package battery, while the charger charges the low-voltage package, the high-voltage package synchronously charges the low-voltage package through a buck circuit; wherein, by inputting a PWM signal, the on and off states of the MOS transistor are switched to convert the high-voltage package voltage into an adjustable output voltage.
[0012] Preferably, when the voltages of the main package battery and the auxiliary package battery are the same, it is converted to the charger charging the main package battery and the auxiliary package battery simultaneously.
[0013] Third aspect, the present application provides a battery, and the battery is charged by using the main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit in the first aspect.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: A main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit proposed by the present application, through the parallel superposition charging mechanism of the high-voltage package Buck circuit and the charger, directly injects the superimposed current of "charger current + Buck circuit current" into the low-voltage package when there is a voltage difference, eliminating the ineffective time-consuming of having to wait for the low-voltage package to charge to the balanced voltage in the traditional solution, greatly shortening the charging cycle, and is particularly suitable for scenarios with a large initial voltage difference. When the voltages of the main / auxiliary packages are the same, the system automatically switches to the charger's parallel direct charging mode for the two packages, enabling the charger output current to be distributed to the two packages as required, avoiding additional energy loss of the Buck circuit, and at the same time giving full play to the maximum output capacity of the charger, realizing the global optimal configuration of charging resources. It realizes a technological leap in three dimensions of charging speed, energy utilization rate, and system reliability, providing an optimized path with low cost and high compatibility for high-capacity battery systems. Description of the Drawings
[0015] Figure 1 It is a circuit diagram of a main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit in an embodiment of the present application.
[0016] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of the BUCK circuit in an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments
[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0018] Embodiment 1: As attachedFigure 1-2 As shown, the present application provides a main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit, and the circuit includes: 1 main package circuit and at least 1 auxiliary package circuit; the main package circuit or the auxiliary package circuit at least includes: a battery pack, a fuse FUSE connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack, a MOS transistor M1 and a MOS transistor M2 connected in series with the fuse FUSE; the other end of the MOS transistor M2 is connected to the positive terminal of the charger, the MOS transistor M2 is also connected in parallel with a BUCK circuit, the BUCK circuit is also connected to an MCU, one end of the MCU is connected to an analog front end AFE, and the other end is connected to a CAN. Wherein, the BUCK circuit converts the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack into an adjustable output voltage by adjusting the duty cycle to supplement the charge of the low-voltage battery pack.
[0019] The MCU dynamically controls the enabling state of the BUCK circuit according to the voltage difference between the main and auxiliary packages monitored by the AFE in real time: when the voltage difference exceeds the threshold, the BUCK circuit is started to realize parallel charging of the high-voltage package to the low-voltage package; when the voltage difference is lower than the threshold, the BUCK circuit is turned off and switched to the direct charging mode of the charger for the main and auxiliary packages. Wherein, the AFE collects the voltage / temperature data of the battery pack in real time, and the MCU dynamically calculates the target output current and PWM duty cycle of the BUCK circuit based on the voltage difference to form a closed-loop control to ensure the accuracy and safety of energy transfer.
[0020] In the present application, by directly connecting the BUCK circuit in parallel at both ends of M2, an independent energy path of high-voltage package → BUCK circuit → low-voltage package is formed during charging, which does not interfere with the charger path and realizes energy superposition injection.
[0021] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further includes: a MOS transistor M3, the source electrode of the MOS transistor M3 is connected to the low-voltage battery pack through an inductor L1, and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor M3 is connected to the high-voltage battery pack; the gate electrode of the MOS transistor M3 is respectively connected to the emitter electrodes of a triode Q1 and a triode Q2, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to the drain electrode of the MOS transistor M3; the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected to the base electrode of a triode Q3; the base electrodes of the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 are both connected to the collector electrode of the triode Q3 and the high-voltage battery pack; the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected to the positive terminal of the charger, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of the charger.
[0022] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further includes: A diode D1 and a diode D2 are further connected in parallel between the inductor L1 and the low-voltage battery pack; The other ends of the diode D1 and the diode D2 are also grounded.
[0023] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further includes: One end of the inductor L1 is connected to the diode D3, and the other end of the diode D3 is grounded.
[0024] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further includes: A diode D4 and an inductor L2 are also connected in parallel between the MOS transistor M3 and the triode Q1.
[0025] Preferably, the BUCK circuit further includes: An inductor L4 is also connected between the bases of the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 and the high-voltage battery pack; An inductor L5 is also connected between the bases of the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 and the collector of the triode Q3. Preferably, the BUCK circuit further includes: The base of the triode Q3 is connected to the inductor L7 and the inductor L6; The other end of the inductor L6 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q3.
[0026] Embodiment 2: The present application provides a charging method, and the charging method is a charging method implemented by using the main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit in the first aspect. Specifically, the charging method includes: when there is a voltage difference between the main package battery and the auxiliary package battery, while the charger charges the low-voltage package, the high-voltage package synchronously charges the low-voltage package through the buck circuit; wherein, by inputting a PWM signal, the on and off states of the MOS transistor are switched, and the high-voltage package voltage is converted into an adjustable output voltage.
[0027] Among them, the PWM signal is used to control the on and off of the MOS transistor and adjust the voltage conversion. By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the high-voltage package voltage can be converted into an adjustable output voltage, so as to charge the low-voltage package safely and effectively.
[0028] Preferably, when the voltages of the main package battery and the auxiliary package battery are the same, it is converted to the charger to charge the main package battery and the auxiliary package battery simultaneously.
[0029] Embodiment 3: The present application provides a battery, and the battery is charged by using the main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit in the first aspect.
[0030] Although the exemplary embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above exemplary embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes and modifications therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as claimed in the appended claims.
[0031] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or in a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of this application.
[0032] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.
[0034] Although the description of this application is made in conjunction with the above specific embodiments, it is obvious that those skilled in the art can make many substitutions, modifications and variations based on the above content. Therefore, all such substitutions, improvements and variations are included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit, characterized in that, The circuit includes: 1 main package circuit and at least 1 sub-package circuit; The main package circuit or the sub-package circuit at least includes: a battery pack, a fuse FUSE connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack, MOS transistors M1 and M2 connected in series with the fuse FUSE; The other end of MOS transistor M2 is connected to the positive terminal of the charger, and MOS transistor M2 is also connected in parallel with the BUCK circuit, and the BUCK circuit is also connected to the MCU, with one end of the MCU connected to the analog front end AFE and the other end connected to CAN.
2. The fast charging circuit for main and auxiliary packages according to claim 1, wherein The BUCK circuit further includes: MOS transistor M3, the source of MOS transistor M3 is connected to the low-voltage battery pack through inductor L1, and the drain of MOS transistor M3 is connected to the high-voltage battery pack; The gate of MOS transistor M3 is respectively connected to the emitters of transistor Q1 and transistor Q2, the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of MOS transistor M3; The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the base of transistor Q3; The bases of transistor Q1 and transistor Q2 are both connected to the collector of transistor Q3 and the high-voltage battery pack; The collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the positive terminal of the charger, and the emitter of transistor Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of the charger.
3. The main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit according to claim 2, wherein The BUCK circuit further includes: A diode D1 and a diode D2 are also connected in parallel between the inductor L1 and the low-voltage battery pack; The other ends of the diode D1 and the diode D2 are also grounded.
4. The main and secondary package fast charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The BUCK circuit further includes: One end of the inductor L1 is connected to a diode D3, and the other end of the diode D3 is grounded.
5. The main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit according to claim 4, wherein The BUCK circuit further includes: A diode D4 and an inductor L2 are also connected in parallel between the MOS transistor M3 and the transistor Q1.
6. The fast charging circuit for main and auxiliary packages according to claim 5, characterized in that, The BUCK circuit further includes: An inductor L4 is also connected between the bases of the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 and the high-voltage battery pack; An inductor L5 is also connected between the bases of the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 and the collector of the transistor Q3.
7. The fast charging circuit for the main and auxiliary packages according to claim 6, characterized in that, The BUCK circuit further includes: The base of the transistor Q3 is connected to an inductor L7 and an inductor L6; The other end of the inductor L6 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3.
8. A charging method using the main and auxiliary package fast charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The charging method includes: When there is a voltage difference between the main package battery and the sub-package battery, while the charger charges the low-voltage package, the high-voltage package synchronously charges the low-voltage package through the buck circuit; Among them, by inputting a PWM signal, the on and off states of the MOS transistor are switched to convert the high-voltage package voltage into an adjustable output voltage.
9. The charging method according to claim 8, wherein It further includes: When the voltages of the main package battery and the sub-package battery are the same, it is switched to the charger to charge the main package battery and the sub-package battery simultaneously.
10. A battery, characterized in that, The battery is charged using the main and sub-package fast charging circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7.