Straw sterilization equipment and control method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to straw sterilization equipment and a control method and application thereof.The straw sterilization equipment comprises M fumigating devices, N pressure reducing devices, M heat exchange devices and a steam device, the M fumigating devices are connected in parallel, the N pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel, and the M heat exchange devices are connected in series; the steam device is connected with the fumigation devices in series, the M fumigation devices are connected with the N pressure reducing devices in series for use, the N pressure reducing devices are connected with the M heat exchange devices in series for use, M is larger than or equal to 3, N is larger than or equal to 6, N is larger than or equal to 2M-1 and smaller than or equal to 2M, and M and N are integers. By means of the arrangement, compared with the prior art, the number of decompression devices required to be arranged on one fumigation device is reduced by at least two on average, and the number of heat exchange devices is reduced by at least two. The straw sterilization device has the advantages that the pressure reduction and sterilization time is shortened, the straw sterilization efficiency is improved, the cost is low, the energy consumption is small, the energy consumption efficiency is low, the loss of nutritional ingredients in straw is less, and the quality of straw products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to organic solid waste treatment and resource utilization technology and key environmentally friendly manufacturing technology, and specifically to a rice straw sterilization device and a control method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Because Japan's domestic rice straw production cannot meet the feed needs of Kobe Wagyu beef, large quantities of rice straw must be imported from overseas. Northeast my country, with its abundant rice cultivation and production, shares a similar longitude and latitude with Japan. Its rice straw boasts a bright color, thick fibers, and requires minimal pesticides. Its moderately dry and humid climate makes it suitable for storage and processing, making it a popular choice for Japanese rice straw traders.

[0003] Raw rice straw must be purchased from an area within 50 kilometers of the destination where no infectious disease outbreaks have occurred for at least three years. Ensure that the straw contains no foreign matter other than soil and packaging. Store the raw rice straw in a disinfected area to prevent insects from entering the straw. The raw rice straw undergoes a series of procedures: impurity removal, drying, baling, sterilization, and packaging. As described in patent application CN107307188A, impurity removal involves using specialized impurity removal equipment to remove impurities from the raw rice straw. Drying involves using specialized drying equipment to dry the cleaned raw rice straw at a temperature between 70°C and 260°C. Baling involves using a baler to bundle the dried straw into bundles. Sterilization involves placing bundles of straw into a sealed fumigation tank, stacking them at least 3cm apart. The tank is then closed and filled with steam to fumigate the bundles. After fumigation, the bundles are removed from the sealed tank. During the fumigation process, all parts of the straw bundle must reach a temperature of 80°C for 10 minutes and above 86°C for 4 minutes, or be heated again to above 86°C. After inspection to confirm the absence of live pests, the bundles are packaged in disinfected boxes.

[0004] At present, all domestic Wagyu straw feed companies, in order to meet sterilization requirements, depressurize the fumigation tanks during the sterilization process. Specifically, each fumigation tank is connected in series with four 22kW vacuum pumps and a shell and tube heat exchanger is connected in series to the outside of the fumigation tank, and the multiple fumigation tanks are independent of each other. If six fumigation tanks are required, 24 22kW vacuum pumps must be equipped, and each fumigation tank is independent and does not affect each other. The equipment used in this sterilization process consumes a lot of energy, has high energy efficiency, and is relatively costly. If each fumigation tank is connected to only one 88kW vacuum pump, the cost of one 88kW vacuum pump is higher than that of four 22kW vacuum pumps. The decompression time during the sterilization process is longer, the efficiency of straw sterilization is lower, and the straw production efficiency is low and the cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of large energy consumption, low energy consumption efficiency and high cost of existing equipment, and to provide a straw sterilization device with short sterilization time, short decompression time, high efficiency, low energy consumption efficiency and low cost, as well as its control method and application.

[0006] A straw sterilization device includes M fumigation devices, N decompression devices, M heat exchange devices and a steam device. The steam device is used to generate steam and transport the steam into the fumigation devices. The fumigation devices are used for sterilizing straw. The decompression devices are used for decompressing the fumigation devices. The heat exchange devices are used for cooling the decompression devices. The M fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other. The N decompression devices are connected in parallel with each other. The M heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other. The steam device is connected in series with the M fumigation devices as a whole. The M fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the N decompression devices, and the N decompression devices as a whole are connected in series with the M heat exchange devices as a whole. M≥3, N≥6, and 2M - 1≤N≤2M, where M and N are both integers.

[0007] Furthermore, a first door is provided on one side of the fumigation device, and a second door is provided on the other side. At the bottom of the fumigation device, there are a first air inlet and a second air inlet connected to the steam device, and a first drain port and a second drain port for discharging water in the fumigation device. The first air inlet and the first drain port are close to the side of the first door, and the second air inlet and the second drain port are close to the side of the second door. At least one exhaust port and at least one decompression port connected to the decompression device are provided at the middle position of the top of the fumigation device, at least one third temperature measurement port for detecting the temperature in the fumigation device, and at least one safety valve. On the side of the fumigation device, there are a first temperature measurement port, a second temperature measurement port, a first pressure measurement port, a second pressure measurement port and a third pressure measurement port. The first temperature measurement port is located at the upper end of the side of the fumigation device close to the first door and between the first door and the first drain port. The second temperature measurement port is between the first drain port and the first air inlet and at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device, and the position of the first temperature measurement port is higher than that of the second temperature measurement port. The first pressure measurement port is at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device close to the first door and between the first door and the first drain port. The second pressure measurement port is at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device close to the first door and between the first air inlet and the decompression port. The third pressure measurement port is at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device close to the second door and between the second drain port and the second door. The first temperature measurement port, the second temperature measurement port and the third temperature measurement port are used to detect the temperature at this position in the fumigation device. The first pressure measurement port, the second pressure measurement port and the third pressure measurement port are used to detect the pressure at this position in the fumigation device.

[0008] Further, the fumigation device is also provided with a first spare port, a second spare port, a third spare port and a fourth spare port; the first spare port is located at the bottom of the fumigation device and between the first drain port and the first air inlet; the second spare port is located at the bottom of the fumigation device and between the second drain port and the second air inlet; the third spare port is located at the top of the fumigation device and between the pressure relief port and the third temperature measurement port; the fourth spare port is located at the top of the fumigation device and between the first door body and the pressure relief port.

[0009] Further, the second temperature measurement port is arranged between the first spare port and the first air inlet and is set between the first pressure measurement port and the second pressure measurement port; the first pressure measurement port, the first temperature measurement port, the second pressure measurement port and the third pressure measurement port are at the same height on the side of the fumigation device.

[0010] Further, the internal volume of each fumigation device is at least 130 cubic meters, and the power of each pressure relief device is at least 22 kw.

[0011] Further, the internal volume of each fumigation device is at least 130 cubic meters, and each heat exchange device is a shell-and-tube heat exchange device of 1200mm×3000mm.

[0012] Further, the quantity relationship among the fumigation device, the pressure reduction device, and the heat exchange device is as follows: for three fumigation devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for six pressure reduction devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for three heat exchange devices, they are connected in series with each other; the steam device is connected in series with the three fumigation devices as a whole; the three fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the six pressure reduction devices as a whole, and the six pressure reduction devices as a whole are connected in series with the three heat exchange devices as a whole; or, for four fumigation devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for eight pressure reduction devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for four heat exchange devices, they are connected in series with each other; the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device and the four fumigation devices as a whole; the four fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the eight pressure reduction devices as a whole, and the eight pressure reduction devices as a whole are connected in series with the four heat exchange devices as a whole; or, for five fumigation devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for ten pressure reduction devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for five heat exchange devices, they are connected in series with each other; the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device and the five fumigation devices as a whole; the five fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the ten pressure reduction devices as a whole, and the ten pressure reduction devices as a whole are connected in series with the five heat exchange devices as a whole; or, for six fumigation devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for twelve pressure reduction devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for six heat exchange devices, they are connected in series with each other; the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device and the six fumigation devices as a whole; the six fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the twelve pressure reduction devices as a whole, and the twelve pressure reduction devices as a whole are connected in series with the six heat exchange devices as a whole; or, for seven fumigation devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for thirteen pressure reduction devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for seven heat exchange devices, they are connected in series with each other; the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device and the seven fumigation devices as a whole; the seven fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the thirteen pressure reduction devices as a whole, and the thirteen pressure reduction devices as a whole are connected in series with the seven heat exchange devices as a whole; or, for eight fumigation devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for fifteen pressure reduction devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for eight heat exchange devices, they are connected in series with each other; the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device and the eight fumigation devices as a whole; the eight fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the fifteen pressure reduction devices as a whole, and the fifteen pressure reduction devices as a whole are connected in series with the eight heat exchange devices as a whole; or, for nine fumigation devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for seventeen pressure reduction devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for nine heat exchange devices, they are connected in series with each other; the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device and the nine fumigation devices as a whole; the nine fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the seventeen pressure reduction devices as a whole, and the seventeen pressure reduction devices as a whole are connected in series with the nine heat exchange devices as a whole; or, for ten fumigation devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for nineteen pressure reduction devices, they are connected in parallel with each other; for ten heat exchange devices, they are connected in series with each other; the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device and the ten fumigation devices as a whole; the ten fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the nineteen pressure reduction devices as a whole, and the nineteen pressure reduction devices as a whole are connected in series with the ten heat exchange devices as a whole.

[0013] Further, the fumigation device is a fumigation tank, the decompression device is a vacuum pump, and the heat exchange device is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger group. The steam device is connected in series with M fumigation tanks connected in parallel, N vacuum pumps connected in parallel, and M shell-and-tube heat exchanger groups connected in series in sequence.

[0014] A control method for a straw sterilization device, which is applied to the straw sterilization device described in any one of the above. The straw sterilization control method includes: S1: Stack and load the bundled straw into the fumigation device at a spacing of at least 3 cm, seal the fumigation device, use all the decompression devices to evacuate one fumigation device until the pressure in the fumigation device reaches the pressure threshold, and then use the steam device to fill the fumigation device with steam and start the heat exchange device; S2: After the pressure in the fumigation device in S1 reaches the pressure threshold, use all the decompression devices to evacuate another fumigation device until the pressure in the fumigation device reaches the pressure threshold, and then use the steam device to fill the fumigation device with steam; S3: Repeat S2 until the pressure in all the fumigation devices has reached the pressure threshold and the steam device has filled all the fumigation devices with steam.

[0015] A straw sterilization device described in any one of the above, or an application using the above control method. The straw sterilization device, or the control method is used for straw sterilization.

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] M fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, N decompression devices are connected in parallel with each other, M heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the whole of M fumigation devices, the whole of M fumigation devices is connected in series with the whole of N decompression devices for use, and the whole of N decompression devices is connected in series with the whole of M heat exchange devices for use. M≥3, N≥6, and 2M - 1≤N≤2M, where M and N are both integers. With such a setting, compared with the prior art in which each 1 fumigation device must be connected in series with 4 decompression devices and 4 decompression devices are connected in series with 4 heat exchange devices for use, and multiple fumigation tanks are independent. If 6 fumigation tanks need to work, 24 vacuum pumps with a power of 22 kw must be equipped, and each fumigation tank is independent and has no mutual influence. The number of decompression devices required for an average of 1 fumigation device is reduced by at least 2, and the number of heat exchange devices is reduced by at least 1. This device shortens the decompression time, shortens the heating time of the straw, improves the straw sterilization efficiency, has a low cost, consumes less energy, and has a low energy consumption efficiency. Because the heating time of the straw is shortened and the decompression time is shortened, less nutrient components in the sterilized straw are lost, and the quality of the straw product is improved. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a straw sterilization device provided by the present invention (6 fumigation devices, 12 pressure reduction devices, and 6 heat exchange devices);

[0020] Figure 2 For Figure 1 An enlarged partial view of A;

[0021] Figure 3 For Figure 1 An enlarged partial view of B;

[0022] Figure 4 For Figure 1 An enlarged partial view of C;

[0023] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fumigation device provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 For Figure 5 An enlarged partial view of D;

[0025] Figure 7 For Figure 5 An enlarged partial view of E. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", "fixation" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present template are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0031] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, a straw sterilization device includes M numbers of fumigation devices 2, N numbers of decompression devices 4, M numbers of heat exchange devices 3, and a steam device 1. The steam device 1 is used to generate steam and deliver the steam into the fumigation devices 2. The fumigation devices 2 are used to sterilize the straw. The decompression devices 4 are used to decompress the fumigation devices 2. The heat exchange devices 3 are used to cool the decompression devices 4. The M numbers of fumigation devices 2 are connected in parallel with each other. The N numbers of decompression devices 4 are connected in parallel with each other. The M numbers of heat exchange devices 3 are connected in series with each other. The steam device 1 is connected in series with the fumigation devices 2. The M numbers of fumigation devices 2 and the N numbers of decompression devices 4 are used in series, and the N numbers of decompression devices 4 and the M numbers of heat exchange devices 3 are used in series. M≥3, N≥6, and 2M - 1≤N≤2M, where M and N are both integers. 10≥M≥3, 19≥N≥6, and 2M - 1≤N≤2M, M and N are both integers. It may also be that 6≥M≥3, 12≥N≥6, and N = 2M, M and N are both integers. It may also be that 10≥M≥7, 19≥N≥13, and N = 2M - 1, M and N are both integers. In this embodiment, 6 fumigation devices 2 are connected in parallel with each other, 12 decompression devices 4 are connected in parallel with each other, 6 heat exchange devices 3 are connected in series with each other, and the steam device 1 is connected in series with the whole of the 6 parallel fumigation devices 2, the whole of the 6 series-connected heat exchange devices 3, and the whole of the 12 series-connected decompression devices 4 in sequence.

[0032] As Figures 5 to 7 shown, on one side of the fumigation device 2, there is a first door 201, and on the other side, there is a second door 202. The first door 201 and the second door 202 are used to send the bundled straw that has not been sterilized into the fumigation device 2, and can be used to take out the straw after sterilization from the fumigation device 2, and can make the inside of the fumigation device 2 in a depressurized state during the sterilization process. At the bottom of the fumigation device 2, there are a first air inlet 211 and a second air inlet 212 connected to the steam device 1, and a first drain port 221 and a second drain port 222 for discharging the water inside the fumigation device 2. The positions of the first air inlet 211 and the first drain port 221 are close to the side of the first door 201, and the positions of the second air inlet 212 and the second drain port 222 are close to the side of the second door 202; at the middle position of the top of the fumigation device 2, there are at least one exhaust port 23 and at least one decompression port 24 connected to the decompression device 4, at least one third temperature measurement port 253 for detecting the temperature inside the fumigation device 2, and at least one safety valve 26; on the side of the fumigation device 2, there are a first temperature measurement port 251, a second temperature measurement port 252, a first pressure measurement port 271, a second pressure measurement port 272, and a third pressure measurement port 273; the first temperature measurement port 251 is located at the upper end of the side of the fumigation device 2 close to the first door 201, and is located between the first door 201 and the first drain port 221; the second temperature measurement port 252 is located between the first drain port 221 and the first air inlet 211, and is located at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device 2, and the height of the position where the first temperature measurement port 251 is located is higher than the height of the position where the second temperature measurement port 252 is located; the first pressure measurement port 271 is located at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device 2 close to the first door 201, and is located between the first door 201 and the first drain port 221; the second pressure measurement port 272 is located at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device 2 close to the first door 201, and is located between the first air inlet 211 and the decompression port 24; the third pressure measurement port 273 is located at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device 2 close to the second door 202, and is located between the second drain port 222 and the second door 202; the first temperature measurement port 251, the second temperature measurement port 252, and the third temperature measurement port 253 are used to detect the temperature at this position inside the fumigation device 2; the first pressure measurement port 271, the second pressure measurement port 272, and the third pressure measurement port 273 are used to detect the pressure at this position inside the fumigation device 2.

[0033] As Figures 1 to 7As shown, in this embodiment, six fumigation devices 2 are connected in parallel with each other through vacuum pipelines, twelve pressure reduction devices 4 are connected in parallel with each other, and six heat exchange devices 3 are connected in series with each other. The steam device 1 is successively connected in series with the whole of the six parallel fumigation devices 2, one vacuum buffer device 5, the whole of the six series-connected heat exchange devices 3, and the whole of the twelve series-connected pressure reduction devices 4. A steam inlet pipeline 101 and a steam discharge pipeline 102 are provided on the steam device 1. The steam inlet pipeline 101 is connected to the first air inlet 211 and the second air inlet 212 of the six fumigation devices 2, and the steam discharge pipeline 102 is connected to the exhaust port 23, so that steam can enter at both ends of the fumigation device 2 and be discharged in the middle, which is beneficial to the sterilization of rice straw. The first drain port 221 and the second drain port 222 are used to discharge the condensed water in the fumigation device 2, so as to prevent bacteria from growing in the fumigation device and affecting the sterilization effect of the rice straw. Temperature measuring devices for detecting the temperature of the rice straw at the positions of the first temperature measuring port 251, the second temperature measuring port 252, and the third temperature measuring port 253 are provided. The temperature measuring devices can be inserted into a relatively deep position inside the fumigation device to obtain the temperature of the internal rice straw, so as to know whether the internal rice straw has reached the sterilization temperature and ensure the sterilization effect. Pressure measuring devices for detecting the pressure at the positions of the first pressure measuring port 271, the second pressure measuring port 272, and the third pressure measuring port 273 are provided. The pressure measuring devices can be inserted into a relatively deep position inside the fumigation device to obtain the pressure of the internal rice straw, so as to know whether the internal rice straw has reached the sterilization pressure and prevent overpressure to ensure the sterilization effect. A vacuum pipeline 41 is connected to the pressure reduction port 24 of the fumigation device 2. Six series-connected heat exchange devices 3 for cooling the gas in the vacuum pipeline 41 to below 60°C are provided on the outer side of the vacuum pipeline 41, and the vacuum pipeline 41 is connected to the vacuum buffer device 5. The vacuum buffer device 5 is connected in parallel with the twelve pressure reduction devices 4 through pipelines. In this embodiment, an inlet water pipeline 31 connected in parallel and an outlet water pipeline 32 connected in parallel are provided on the heat exchange device 3. The inlet water pipeline 31 and the outlet water pipeline 32 are connected to the water tank 6. The exhaust port 23 is used to restore the fumigation device 2 from the reduced pressure state to the local atmospheric pressure state where the equipment is located. The fumigation device 2 is also provided with a first spare port 281, a second spare port 282, a third spare port 283, and a fourth spare port 284; the first spare port 281 is located at the bottom of the fumigation device 2 and is between the first drain port 221 and the first air inlet 211; the second spare port 282 is located at the bottom of the fumigation device 2 and is between the second drain port 222 and the second air inlet 212; the third spare port 283 is located at the top of the fumigation device 2 and is between the pressure reduction port 2 and the third temperature measuring port 273; the fourth spare port 283 is located at the top of the fumigation device 2 and is between the first door body 101 and the pressure reduction port 24.The second temperature measurement port 252 is provided between the first standby port 281 and the first air inlet 211, and is arranged between the first pressure measurement port 271 and the second pressure measurement port 272; the first pressure measurement port 271, the first temperature measurement port, the second pressure measurement port 272, and the third pressure measurement port 273 are at the same height on the side of the fumigation device 2. Such an arrangement facilitates the measurement of the temperature inside the straw and ensures that the temperature is controlled within the set range during the straw sterilization process. In this embodiment, 16 first temperature measurement ports 251 at the same height are provided to detect the temperature inside the straw near the temperature measurement ports at this position. If the sterilization temperature exceeds the predicted temperature, the straw will turn black, resulting in a reduction in the quality of the straw and causing the loss of nutrients such as protein in the sterilized straw. Low temperature will cause the straw to fail to achieve the sterilization effect, resulting in bacterial growth and making it unusable. The standby port can be used emergently when the temperature and pressure need to be adjusted. The safety valve is used to control the pressure.

[0034] The internal volume of each fumigation device is at least 130 cubic meters, and the power of each decompression device is at least 22 kw. The ratio of the internal volume of each fumigation device to the power of each decompression device is 130 cubic meters: 22 kw.

[0035] The internal volume of each fumigation device is at least 130 cubic meters, and each heat exchange device is a shell-and-tube heat exchange device with dimensions of 1200 mm × 3000 mm. The ratio of the internal volume of each fumigation device, the power of each decompression device, and each shell-and-tube heat exchange device is 130 cubic meters: 22 kw: 1200 mm × 3000 mm.

[0036] The number and connection relationship of the fumigation devices, decompression devices, and heat exchange devices can be any one of the following (1) to (8):

[0037] (1) Three fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, six decompression devices are connected in parallel with each other, three heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the three fumigation devices as a whole, the three fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the six decompression devices as a whole, and the six decompression devices as a whole are connected in series with the three heat exchange devices as a whole.

[0038] (2) Four fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, eight decompression devices are connected in parallel with each other, four heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation devices, the steam device is connected in series with the four fumigation devices as a whole, the four fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the eight decompression devices as a whole, and the eight decompression devices as a whole are connected in series with the four heat exchange devices as a whole.

[0039] (3) Five fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, ten decompression devices are connected in parallel with each other, five heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation devices, the steam device is connected in series with the five fumigation devices as a whole, the five fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the ten decompression devices as a whole, and the ten decompression devices as a whole are connected in series with the five heat exchange devices as a whole.

[0040] (4) The six fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, the twelve pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, the six heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation devices, the steam device is connected in series with the six fumigation devices as a whole, the six fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the twelve pressure reducing devices as a whole for use, and the twelve pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the six heat exchange devices as a whole for use.

[0041] (5) The seven fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, the thirteen pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, the seven heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation devices, the steam device is connected in series with the seven fumigation devices as a whole, the seven fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the thirteen pressure reducing devices as a whole for use, and the thirteen pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the seven heat exchange devices as a whole for use.

[0042] (6) The eight fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, the fifteen pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, the eight heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation devices, the steam device is connected in series with the eight fumigation devices as a whole, the eight fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the fifteen pressure reducing devices as a whole for use, and the fifteen pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the eight heat exchange devices as a whole for use.

[0043] (7) The nine fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, the seventeen pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, the nine heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation devices, the steam device is connected in series with the nine fumigation devices as a whole, the nine fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the seventeen pressure reducing devices as a whole for use, and the seventeen pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the nine heat exchange devices as a whole for use.

[0044] (8) The ten fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, the nineteen pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, the ten heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation devices, the steam device is connected in series with the ten fumigation devices as a whole, the ten fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the nineteen pressure reducing devices as a whole for use, and the nineteen pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the ten heat exchange devices as a whole for use.

[0045] Specific straw sterilization method: Stack the straw and load it into the fumigation device at an interval of at least 3 cm; After closing the fumigation device, first start all the decompression devices simultaneously to evacuate one of the fumigation devices until the pressure in the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa, and then fill the fumigation device with steam to conduct steam fumigation on the bundled straw, and the steam heats the straw; After each 10 minutes of steam filling, detect the heated temperature of the straw in the fumigation equipment through the first temperature measuring port 251, the second temperature measuring port 252, and the third temperature measuring port 253. If the temperature does not reach 86 °C, stop filling steam into the fumigation device. During the interval of filling steam into the fumigation device, evacuate the fumigation device. If there is cooling water, the cooling water must be drained, and then steam is filled again; Until the temperature of each part of the straw reaches above 86 °C and below 115 °C. If the straw closer to the first air inlet 211 and the second air inlet 212 has reached 115 °C while other straw bundles have not reached 86 °C, stop filling steam. Use all the decompression devices to evacuate the fumigation device again, and then fill the tank with steam so that the temperature of each part of the straw bundle can reach above 86 °C and below 115 °C as soon as possible. After the temperature of the straw is within the range of above 86 °C and below 115 °C for at least 4 minutes, stop filling steam for heating. During the entire sterilization process, the steam filling and heating time is 20 minutes. During the steam heating process, start all the heat exchange devices to prevent the steam temperature from being too high and damaging the decompression devices.

[0046] Sterilize the straw according to the above-mentioned straw sterilization method and feed the straw product to Wagyu cattle. At the same time, use the method of connecting 4 decompression devices and 4 heat exchange devices in series for each fumigation device to sterilize the straw and feed the straw product to Wagyu cattle. Sterilize the straw with the straw sterilization equipment with the quantity and connection relationship of the fumigation device, decompression device, and heat exchange device in (1) to (8). Through experiments, compared with connecting 4 decompression devices and 4 heat exchange devices in series for each fumigation device, the decompression time of the sterilization process of the straw sterilization equipment in (1) to (4) is shortened from 20 minutes to 5 minutes, improving the straw sterilization efficiency, with low cost, small energy consumption, and low energy consumption efficiency. Due to the shortened decompression time, less nutritional components are lost in the sterilized straw. For Wagyu cattle fed with the same weight of sterilized straw, the weight of the Wagyu cattle has increased by 10% - 15%. The decompression time of the sterilization process of the straw sterilization equipment in (5) to (8) is shortened from 20 minutes to 4 minutes, improving the straw sterilization efficiency, with low cost, small energy consumption, and low energy consumption efficiency. Due to the shortened decompression time, less nutritional components are lost in the sterilized straw. For Wagyu cattle fed with the same weight of sterilized straw for one month, the weight gain of the Wagyu cattle has increased by 10% - 15%.

[0047] The fumigation device is the fumigation tank 2, the decompression device 4 is a vacuum pump, and the heat exchange device 3 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger group.

[0048] The rice straw sterilization control method of the rice straw sterilization equipment according to any one of the above items, the rice straw sterilization control method comprising:

[0049] S1: Stacking straw bundles at intervals of at least 3 cm into the fumigation device, sealing the fumigation device, using all pressure reducing devices to evacuate the interior of one fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches a pressure threshold, then using a steam device to fill the fumigation device with steam, and starting the heat exchange device;

[0050] S2: After the pressure in the fumigation device in S1 reaches the pressure threshold, use all the pressure reducing devices to evacuate another fumigation device, and after the pressure in the fumigation device reaches the pressure threshold, use the steam device to fill steam into the fumigation device;

[0051] S3: Repeat S2 until the pressure in all fumigation devices has reached the pressure threshold and the steam device has filled steam into all fumigation devices.

[0052] In the embodiment, M number of fumigation devices 2 are connected in parallel, N number of pressure reducing devices 4 are connected in parallel, M number of heat exchange devices 3 are connected in series, steam device 1 is connected in series with fumigation device 2, M number of fumigation devices 2 are used in series with N number of pressure reducing devices 4, and N number of pressure reducing devices 4 are used in series with M number of heat exchange devices 3, where M ≥ 3, N ≥ 6, and 2M-1 ≤ N ≤ 2M, with M and N being integers. In this embodiment, six fumigation devices 2 are connected in parallel, twelve pressure reducing devices 4 are connected in parallel, and six heat exchange devices 3 are connected in series. Steam device 1 is connected in series with the six parallel fumigation devices 2 as a whole, the six series-connected heat exchange devices 3 as a whole, and the twelve series-connected pressure reducing devices 4 as a whole.

[0053] During the sterilization process, when depressurizing the three fumigation devices, S1: Six depressurizing devices are used to depressurize one of the fumigation devices until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Steam is then injected into the fumigation device using a steam device to steam-fumigate the rice straw, while simultaneously activating the three heat exchange devices. S2: After the pressure inside the fumigation device described in S1 reaches 0.094 MPa, six depressurizing devices are used to evacuate another fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Steam is then injected into the fumigation device using a steam device. S3: S2 is repeated until the pressure inside all three fumigation devices reaches 0.094 MPa and steam has been injected into all three fumigation devices.

[0054] During the sterilization process, when decompressing 4 fumigation devices, S1: 8 decompression devices are used to decompress 1 of the fumigation devices until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Then, a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam to conduct steam fumigation on the straw, and at the same time, 4 heat exchange devices are started. S2: After the pressure inside the fumigation device in S1 reaches 0.094 MPa, 8 decompression devices are used to evacuate the air from another fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa, and then a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam. S3: Repeat S2 until the pressures inside all 4 fumigation devices reach 0.094 MPa and the steam device has filled steam into all 4 fumigation devices.

[0055] During the sterilization process, when decompressing 5 fumigation devices, S1: 10 decompression devices are used to decompress 1 of the fumigation devices until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Then, a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam to conduct steam fumigation on the straw, and at the same time, 5 heat exchange devices are started. S2: After the pressure inside the fumigation device in S1 reaches 0.094 MPa, 10 decompression devices are used to evacuate the air from another fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa, and then a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam. S3: Repeat S2 until the pressures inside all 5 fumigation devices reach 0.094 MPa and the steam device has filled steam into all 5 fumigation devices.

[0056] During the sterilization process, when decompressing 6 fumigation devices, S1: 12 decompression devices are used to decompress 1 of the fumigation devices until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Then, a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam to conduct steam fumigation on the straw, and at the same time, 6 heat exchange devices are started. S2: After the pressure inside the fumigation device in S1 reaches 0.094 MPa, 12 decompression devices are used to evacuate the air from another fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa, and then a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam. S3: Repeat S2 until the pressures inside all 6 fumigation devices reach 0.094 MPa and the steam device has filled steam into all 6 fumigation devices.

[0057] During the sterilization process, when decompressing 7 fumigation devices, S1: 13 decompression devices are used to decompress one of the fumigation devices until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Then, a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam to conduct steam fumigation on the straw, and 7 heat exchange devices are started simultaneously. S2: After the pressure inside the fumigation device described in S1 reaches 0.094 MPa, 13 decompression devices are used to evacuate the air from another fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa, and then a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam. S3: Repeat S2 until the pressures inside all 7 fumigation devices have reached 0.094 MPa and the steam device has filled all 7 fumigation devices with steam.

[0058] During the sterilization process, when decompressing 8 fumigation devices, S1: 15 decompression devices are used to decompress one of the fumigation devices until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Then, a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam to conduct steam fumigation on the straw, and 8 heat exchange devices are started simultaneously. S2: After the pressure inside the fumigation device described in S1 reaches 0.094 MPa, 15 decompression devices are used to evacuate the air from another fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa, and then a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam. S3: Repeat S2 until the pressures inside all 8 fumigation devices have reached 0.094 MPa and the steam device has filled all the fumigation devices with steam.

[0059] During the sterilization process, when decompressing 9 fumigation devices, S1: 17 decompression devices are used to decompress one of the fumigation devices until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Then, a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam to conduct steam fumigation on the straw, and 9 heat exchange devices are started simultaneously. S2: After the pressure inside the fumigation device described in S1 reaches 0.094 MPa, 17 decompression devices are used to evacuate the air from another fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa, and then a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam. S3: Repeat S2 until the pressures inside all 9 fumigation devices have reached 0.094 MPa and the steam device has filled all the fumigation devices with steam.

[0060] During the sterilization process, when decompressing 10 fumigation devices, S1: 19 decompression devices are used to decompress one of the fumigation devices until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa. Then, a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam to perform steam fumigation on the straw, and 10 heat exchange devices are started simultaneously. S2: After the pressure inside the fumigation device in S1 reaches 0.094 MPa, 19 decompression devices are used to evacuate another fumigation device until the pressure inside the fumigation device reaches 0.094 MPa, and then a steam device is used to fill the fumigation device with steam. S3: Repeat S2 until the pressures inside all 10 fumigation devices have reached 0.094 MPa and the steam device has filled steam into all 10 fumigation devices.

[0061] A straw sterilization device as described in any one of the above, or an application using the above straw sterilization control method, where the straw sterilization device or the straw sterilization control method is used for straw sterilization.

[0062] In all the examples shown and described here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0063] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0064] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw sterilization device, which comprises M fumigation devices, N decompression devices, M heat exchange devices and a steam device. The steam device is used to generate steam and transport the steam into the fumigation devices. The fumigation devices are used to sterilize the straw. The decompression devices are used to decompress the fumigation devices. The heat exchange devices are used to cool the decompression devices; characterized in that, M fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, N decompression devices are connected in parallel with each other, M heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the whole of the M fumigation devices, the whole of the M fumigation devices and the whole of the N decompression devices are used in series, and the whole of the N decompression devices and the whole of the M heat exchange devices are used in series. M ≥ 3, N ≥ 6, and 2M - 1 ≤ N ≤ 2M, where M and N are both integers.

2. The straw sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, On one side of the fumigation device, there is a first door body, and on the other side, there is a second door body; at the bottom of the fumigation device, there are a first air inlet and a second air inlet connected to the steam device, and a first drain port and a second drain port for discharging water in the fumigation device. The first air inlet and the first drain port are close to the side of the first door body, and the second air inlet and the second drain port are close to the side of the second door body; at the middle position of the top of the fumigation device, there are at least one exhaust port and at least one decompression port connected to the decompression device, at least one third temperature measurement port for detecting the temperature inside the fumigation device, and at least one safety valve; on the side of the fumigation device, there are a first temperature measurement port, a second temperature measurement port, a first pressure measurement port, a second pressure measurement port, and a third pressure measurement port; the first temperature measurement port is located at the upper end of the side of the fumigation device close to the first door body and between the first door body and the first drain port; the second temperature measurement port is between the first drain port and the first air inlet and at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device, and the position of the first temperature measurement port is higher than the position of the second temperature measurement port; the first pressure measurement port is at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device close to the first door body and between the first door body and the first drain port; the second pressure measurement port is at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device close to the first door body and between the first air inlet and the decompression port; the third pressure measurement port is at the middle position of the side of the fumigation device close to the second door body and between the second drain port and the second door body; the first temperature measurement port, the second temperature measurement port, and the third temperature measurement port are used to detect the temperature at this position inside the fumigation device; the first pressure measurement port, the second pressure measurement port, and the third pressure measurement port are used to detect the pressure at this position inside the fumigation device.

3. The rice straw sterilizing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fumigation device is also provided with a first spare port, a second spare port, a third spare port, and a fourth spare port; the first spare port is located at the bottom of the fumigation device and between the first drain port and the first air inlet; the second spare port is located at the bottom of the fumigation device and between the second drain port and the second air inlet; the third spare port is located at the top of the fumigation device and between the decompression port and the third temperature measurement port; the fourth spare port is located at the top of the fumigation device and between the first door body and the decompression port.

4. The straw sterilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second temperature measurement port is arranged between the first spare port and the first air inlet and between the first pressure measurement port and the second pressure measurement port; the first pressure measurement port, the first temperature measurement port, the second pressure measurement port, and the third pressure measurement port are at the same height on the side of the fumigation device.

5. The straw sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal volume of each fumigation device is at least 130 cubic meters, and the power of each decompression device is at least 22 kw.

6. The straw sterilization device according to claim 1, wherein, The internal volume of each fumigation device is at least 130 cubic meters, and each heat exchange device is a shell-and-tube heat exchange device with dimensions of 1200 mm × 3000 mm.

7. The rice straw sterilizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantity relationship of the fumigation devices, pressure reducing devices, and heat exchange devices is as follows: three fumigation devices are connected in parallel, six pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel, three heat exchange devices are connected in series, the steam device and the three fumigation devices are connected in series as a whole, the three fumigation devices are used in series as a whole with the six pressure reducing devices, and the six pressure reducing devices are used in series as a whole with the three heat exchange devices; or, Four fumigation devices are connected in parallel, eight pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel, four heat exchange devices are connected in series, a steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device, a steam device is connected in series with four fumigation devices as a whole, four fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with eight pressure reducing devices as a whole, and eight pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with four heat exchange devices as a whole; or, Five fumigation devices are connected in parallel, ten pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel, five heat exchange devices are connected in series, a steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device, a steam device is connected in series with five fumigation devices as a whole, five fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with ten pressure reducing devices as a whole, and ten pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with five heat exchange devices as a whole; or Six fumigation devices are connected in parallel, twelve pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel, six heat exchange devices are connected in series, a steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device, a steam device is connected in series with the six fumigation devices as a whole, six fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the twelve pressure reducing devices as a whole, and twelve pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the six heat exchange devices as a whole; or 7 fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, 13 pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, 7 heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device, the steam device is connected in series with the 7 fumigation devices as a whole, the 7 fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the 13 pressure reducing devices as a whole, and the 13 pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the 7 heat exchange devices as a whole; or, 8 fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, 15 pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, 8 heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device, the steam device is connected in series with the 8 fumigation devices as a whole, the 8 fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the 15 pressure reducing devices as a whole, and the 15 pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the 8 heat exchange devices as a whole; or, 9 fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, 17 pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, 9 heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, a steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device, a steam device is connected in series with the 9 fumigation devices as a whole, the 9 fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the 17 pressure reducing devices as a whole, and the 17 pressure reducing devices as a whole are connected in series with the 9 heat exchange devices as a whole; or, The 10 fumigation devices are connected in parallel with each other, the 19 pressure reducing devices are connected in parallel with each other, the 10 heat exchange devices are connected in series with each other, the steam device is connected in series with the fumigation device, the steam device and the 10 fumigation devices are connected in series as a whole, the 10 fumigation devices as a whole are connected in series with the 19 pressure reducing devices as a whole, and the 19 pressure reducing devices as a whole are used in series with the 10 heat exchange devices as a whole.

8. The straw sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fumigation device is a fumigation tank, the pressure reduction device is a vacuum pump, the heat exchange device is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger group, and the steam device is connected in series with the overall of M parallel fumigation tanks, the overall of N parallel vacuum pumps, and the overall of M series-connected shell-and-tube heat exchanger groups in sequence.

9. A control method for a straw sterilization device, applied to the straw sterilization device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The straw sterilization control method includes: S1: Stack and load the bundled straw into the fumigation device at a spacing of at least 3 cm, seal the fumigation device, use all the pressure reduction devices to evacuate one fumigation device until the pressure in the fumigation device reaches the pressure threshold, then use the steam device to fill the fumigation device with steam, and start the heat exchange device; S2: After the pressure in the fumigation device in S1 reaches the pressure threshold, use all the pressure reduction devices to evacuate another fumigation device until the pressure in the fumigation device reaches the pressure threshold, and then use the steam device to fill the fumigation device with steam; S3: Repeat S2 until the pressure in all the fumigation devices has reached the pressure threshold and the steam device has filled all the fumigation devices with steam.

10. The straw sterilization device according to any one of claims 1-8, or the application of the straw sterilization control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The straw sterilization equipment or the straw sterilization control method is used for straw sterilization.

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