A multi-stage crushing and sorting device for kitchen waste collection and transportation pretreatment equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to garbage sorting recycling technical field, specifically for a kind of multi-stage crushing and sorting device for kitchen waste collection and transportation pretreatment equipment, including coarse sorting machine, discharge pipe, transmission group, shell, impeller, filter core, cylinder and collection tank, the shell is connected in the top of discharge pipe, the impeller rotation is connected in discharge pipe, and the wheel shaft inside of impeller is hollow, the filter core is slidably connected in the inside of impeller, the lower end of the cylinder is connected filter core, the collection tank is communicated with the lower port of filter core;The present application is by additionally setting filter core in the impeller of fine sorting equipment, and make filter core respectively fold and open in different states, to respectively stir slurry and the mode of sorting-collecting impurities, realized the effect of collecting impurities without discharging impurity cleaning fluid, and then both make impurity cleaning fluid continue to participate in subsequent process, to reduce the use of water resources, avoid impurity cleaning fluid mixes into slurry, to ensure the recovery efficiency of kitchen waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste sorting and recycling technology, specifically to a multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation. Background Technology

[0002] In daily life, various industries generate all kinds of waste due to the different nature of their work. For example, in the food industry, the processing of various foods will generate a huge amount of kitchen waste. Unlike other waste, kitchen waste usually has a high content of nutrients. After recycling, it can be used for fish farming, vegetable planting and other industries. Therefore, kitchen waste has a broad prospect in terms of resource recycling.

[0003] In terms of resource recycling technology, the treatment of food waste is similar to that of other types of waste. First, recycling trucks collect the waste from various locations and transport it to a pre-treatment station. At the pre-treatment station, the food waste is first crushed and then sorted to extract nutrients while filtering out various impurities. Finally, the processed components are transported to the relevant locations. The pre-treatment stage is the most crucial step in food waste recycling technology; the crushing and sorting efficiency directly affects the value of the recycled food waste. Traditional pre-treatment equipment mainly uses single-stage crushing and sorting. Food waste is fed into the processing chamber all at once, thoroughly crushed by the crushing device, and then sorted using technologies such as magnetic separation and flotation. Traditional pre-treatment equipment has a simple structure and process, but its corresponding disadvantages are also obvious: food waste contains various impurities such as metal objects, plastic bottles, and plastic bags, which do not require further crushing. Therefore, single-stage crushing and sorting pre-treatment equipment is used to uniformly crush the food waste. This would limit the crushing speed of the equipment and increase the wear and tear on the equipment during the crushing of impurities. To solve the above problems, existing technologies set up multi-stage crushing and sorting steps. Multi-stage crushing and sorting pretreatment equipment includes at least one coarse sorting device and one fine sorting device. The coarse sorting device is used to separate out metal and hard, large-volume impurities and coarsely crush the sorted kitchen waste. The fine sorting device usually uses water as a medium. The kitchen waste after coarse sorting is discharged into the fine sorting device. The fine sorting device agitates the water flow to form a hydraulic vortex, thereby creating tearing, kneading, and friction on the kitchen waste to further crush it. It also causes the residual plastic and soft, small-volume impurities in the kitchen waste to stratify and float on the surface of the waste slurry. When discharging, the slurry with recycling value is discharged first, followed by the impurities. Thus, multi-stage crushing and sorting pretreatment equipment does not need to fully crush the impurities in the kitchen waste, thereby increasing the crushing speed of the equipment and reducing the wear and tear on the equipment during the crushing of impurities, thereby improving the working efficiency and stability of the equipment.

[0004] Existing technologies utilize multi-stage crushing and sorting pretreatment equipment for the recycling of food waste. While this helps improve crushing efficiency and operational stability, the fine sorting equipment requires water to be circulated inside after discharging the slurry to clean impurities. The impurity cleaning solution is then discharged into the slurry to fully recover nutrients from the food waste before the impurities are discharged. The slurry subsequently needs to be evaporated to obtain solid nutrients that are easy to store. As a result, the impurity cleaning solution not only wastes water resources but also increases the difficulty of evaporation after being mixed into the slurry, thus reducing the recycling efficiency of food waste.

[0005] To address this, a multi-stage crushing and sorting device for the pretreatment of kitchen waste collection is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of food waste collection, which solves the problem that the discharge of impurity cleaning liquid from fine sorting equipment increases the difficulty of slurry evaporation, thereby reducing the recycling efficiency of food waste. By adding a filter element to the impeller of the fine sorting equipment and having the filter element closed and opened in different states, the slurry is stirred and impurities are sorted and collected separately. This achieves the effect of collecting impurities without discharging the impurity cleaning liquid. Thus, the impurity cleaning liquid can continue to participate in subsequent processes to reduce water consumption, and the impurity cleaning liquid is prevented from mixing into the slurry, thereby ensuring the recycling efficiency of food waste.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment of kitchen waste collection includes a coarse sorter, a discharge pipe, a transmission assembly, a housing, an impeller, a filter element, a cylinder, and a collection box. The housing is connected above the discharge pipe, the impeller is rotatably connected to the discharge pipe, and the impeller shaft is hollow inside. The filter element includes a support column, a filter plate, and a door plate. The support column is slidably connected inside the impeller, the filter plate is hinged to the upper end of the support column, the door plate is slidably connected to the upper end of the support column, the cylinder is rotatably connected to the lower end of the support column, and the collection box is connected to the lower port of the support column.

[0009] Driven by the cylinder, the support column slides up and down, causing the filter plates to detach from or enter the impeller. The two filter plates that detach from or enter the impeller are squeezed by the impeller edges and their own gravity, causing them to open or close. The closed filter plates agitate the kitchen waste slurry as the impeller rotates. Impurities floating on the surface of the slurry are separated by the open filter plates and are washed on the filter plates. The impurity washing liquid is temporarily stored in the housing and participates in the second round of crushing and sorting. The support column rises again, causing the door panels to open to both sides. The impurities on the filter plates enter the interior of the support column through the opened door panels.

[0010] Through the above scheme, the support column drives the two filter plates to slide downwards. During the downward movement, the two filter plates enter the impeller shaft and then close together to enhance the agitation effect of the impeller on the kitchen waste inside the shell, thereby improving the crushing efficiency of the kitchen waste and allowing impurities in the kitchen waste to be quickly separated under the action of the vortex formed by agitation. During the upward movement, the two filter plates separate from the impeller shaft and open up, contacting the inner wall of the shell to form a screen structure, thereby separating and collecting impurities in the slurry when the slurry inside the shell is discharged.

[0011] Preferably, the support column is configured as a prism structure, and the interior of the support column is hollow;

[0012] In the above scheme, the hollow interior of the support column allows impurities in the kitchen waste to be discharged. The prismatic structure of the support column makes the end face of the support column flat, which facilitates the hinge connection with the filter plate, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the equipment and making the gap between the support column and the filter plate smaller to prevent impurities from passing through, thereby improving the equipment's sorting effect on kitchen waste. On the other hand, the prismatic structure of the support column acts as a spline to realize the circumferential positioning of the support column inside the impeller, so that the support column moves with the impeller, thereby enhancing the mixing effect during the crushing of kitchen waste.

[0013] Preferably, the door panel is slidably connected to the upper end of the support column, the lower ends of the opposite sides of the two door panels are provided with guide surfaces, and a spring is installed between the door panel and the support column;

[0014] In the above scheme, a door panel is installed on the support column to prevent the slurry in the shell from being discharged through the hollow interior of the support column. Only after the slurry is discharged and the impurities in the slurry are cleaned will the support column move further upward so that the door panel opens to the left and right sides under the contact of the guide surface and the impeller, thereby allowing the impurities on the filter plate to be discharged into the collection box through the interior of the support column.

[0015] Preferably, the cylinder has a first stroke and a second stroke. The included angle between the two filter plates at the end of the first stroke is denoted as α, and the included angle between the two filter plates at the end of the second stroke is denoted as β, then α < β.

[0016] The above scheme allows the two filter plates to have three angle relationships: 1) Angle of 0°: At this time, the cylinder does not rise or only rises a short distance, so the filter plate is not completely separated from the impeller shaft. In this state, the filter plate rotates with the impeller to enhance the crushing and sorting effect of kitchen waste; 2) Angle of α: At this time, the cylinder completes the first stroke, and the hinge point between the filter plate and the support column is completely separated from the impeller. As a result, the filter plate moves down under its own weight until it contacts and presses against the inner wall of the shell to form an angle of α. In this state, the crushed slurry is discharged from the discharge pipe, while the impurities floating on the surface of the slurry are collected by the filter plate; 3) Angle of β: At this time, the cylinder completes the second stroke, and the support column rises further to open the door panel, thereby discharging the impurities on the filter plate through the inside of the support column to the collection box. At the same time, the angle between the two filter plates further increases.

[0017] Preferably, the filter plate has filter holes that penetrate the filter plate, and the filter holes at the front and rear of the same filter plate are arranged alternately.

[0018] The above scheme achieves the following effects on the filter plates: 1) It ensures that the two filter plates maintain consistent specifications while fulfilling their functions, thus facilitating production and installation; 2) When the kitchen waste is crushed by the impeller, the filter holes on the two closed filter plates block each other, preventing the slurry from passing through the combination of the two filter plates, thereby enhancing the agitation effect of the filter plates on the slurry and improving the quality of kitchen waste crushing and sorting; 3) When the slurry is discharged, the two filter plates open, allowing the slurry to pass through the filter holes, while impurities are sorted above the filter plates.

[0019] Preferably, protrusions are provided on the opposite sides of the two filter plates, and the protrusions are configured as arc-shaped or conical structures;

[0020] The above scheme achieves the following effects on the filter plate: 1) It reduces the resistance of the slurry to the filter plate during the process of closing and opening, thereby allowing the filter plate to fall quickly to the set position and improving the working efficiency of the equipment; 2) It increases the contact area between the filter plate and the slurry to enhance the mixing effect of the filter plate on the slurry.

[0021] Preferably, the material density of the filter plate is greater than the density of the slurry, and a deformable section is provided on the inner wall of the shell, with the larger diameter end of the deformable section at the top;

[0022] The above scheme allows the filter plate to fall freely after the hinge point between the filter plate and the support column is separated from the impeller, thus changing from a closed state to an open state. Furthermore, the support of the filter plate by the deformation section ensures that the support column can move upward without restriction, thereby opening the door panel and discharging impurities from inside the support column to the collection box.

[0023] Preferably, an air pump is installed on the collection box, and the air pump's suction port is connected to the inside of the collection box;

[0024] The above solution achieves the following effects: 1) It accelerates the gas circulation inside the shell to avoid the accumulation of miasma during the treatment of large amounts of kitchen waste, thereby ensuring the safety of production; 2) It enables the rapid and thorough removal of impurities from the filter plate.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. This invention hinges two filter plates to the impeller. When crushing kitchen waste, the two filter plates close together and move with the impeller to enhance the stirring effect of the impeller on the kitchen waste slurry, thereby accelerating the crushing and sorting of kitchen waste and improving the recycling efficiency of kitchen waste. When discharging the slurry, the two filter plates open to separate the upper and lower cavities of the shell, thereby sorting and collecting impurities floating on the slurry surface. After the impurities are cleaned, the impurity cleaning liquid and the impurities are separated. The impurity cleaning liquid falls into the lower cavity of the shell to continue to participate in the subsequent processing of kitchen waste. This not only improves the utilization rate of water resources, but also avoids the discharge of impurity cleaning liquid into the slurry, ensuring the recycling efficiency of kitchen waste.

[0027] 2. This invention utilizes the cooperation between the impeller, support column, and deformation section to allow the two filter plates to have multiple engagement states. When falling into the impeller, the two filter plates close together and are circumferentially positioned inside the impeller by the prismatic structure of the support column, thus following the impeller to improve the recycling efficiency of food waste. When initially detaching from the impeller, the two filter plates open under their own gravity and press against the deformation section, thereby separating the upper and lower cavities of the shell to complete the sorting of impurities during the slurry process. The change in the diameter of the deformation section allows the filter plates to move upward without restriction, thus providing support for the further rise of the support column, allowing the cleaned impurities to be discharged from inside the support column, thereby reducing the water content of the recycled slurry and ensuring the recycling efficiency of food waste.

[0028] 3. The present invention features staggered filter holes on the front and rear walls of the filter plates, which not only standardizes the specifications of the two filter plates, thus facilitating manufacturing and installation, but also causes the two filter plates to block each other's filter holes when closed, thereby enhancing the mixing effect on the slurry and improving the recycling efficiency of kitchen waste. Furthermore, arc-shaped or conical protrusions are provided on the opposite sides of the two filter plates, which further enhances the mixing effect on the slurry when the filter plates are closed, and reduces the resistance of the slurry encountered by the filter plates during the transition from the closed to the open state, so that the filter plates can quickly contact the deformation section, thereby improving the recycling efficiency of kitchen waste. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall isometric structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the deep internal cross-section structure;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of section B;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the filter plate of the present invention with an included angle of α;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the filter plate of the present invention with an included angle of β.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filter hole arrangement of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Coarse sorting machine; 2. Shell; 21. Water inlet pipe; 22. Deformation section; 3. Impeller; 4. Filter element; 41. Support column; 42. Filter plate; 421. Filter holes; 422. Protrusion; 43. Door panel; 431. Guide surface; 44. Spring; 5. Discharge pipe; 6. Transmission assembly; 7. Cylinder; 8. Collection box; 9. Air pump. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0040] A multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment of kitchen waste collection includes a coarse sorter 1, a discharge pipe 5, a transmission assembly 6, a housing 2, an impeller 3, a filter element 4, a cylinder 7, and a collection box 8. The multi-stage crushing and sorting pre-treatment equipment adopts a deep layout, and therefore is usually installed underground to facilitate the unloading of the collection vehicle. The feeding port of the coarse sorter 1 is installed close to the ground. The housing 2 is installed below the coarse sorter 1 to receive the kitchen waste after it has been sorted and crushed by the coarse sorter 1. A water inlet pipe 21 is arranged on the upper part of the housing 2. Before feeding the kitchen waste into the housing 2, water is injected into the housing 2 through the water inlet pipe 21 to maximize the natural dissolution of the kitchen waste during the feeding process. Pipe 5 is installed below housing 2. Impeller 3 is rotatably connected to discharge pipe 5. The shaft of impeller 3 is hollow inside. Transmission group 6 includes driven wheel, motor, driving wheel and conveyor belt. Driven wheel is installed below impeller 3. Motor is fixedly installed on stationary object. Driving wheel is connected to output shaft of motor. Conveyor belt is wound around driven wheel and driving wheel. During operation, motor provides power for impeller 3 to rotate. Filter element 4 includes support column 41, filter plate 42 and door plate 43. Support column 41 is slidably connected inside impeller 3. Filter plate 42 is hinged to upper end of support column 41. Door plate 43 is slidably connected to upper end of support column 41. Cylinder 7 is rotatably connected to lower end of support column 41. Collection box 8 is connected to lower port of support column 41.

[0041] Driven by cylinder 7, the support column 41 slides up and down, causing the filter plate 42 to detach from or enter the impeller 3. The two filter plates 42 that detach from or enter the impeller 3 are opened or closed by the pressure of the impeller 3 edges and their own gravity. The closed filter plate 42 is stirred by the rotation of the impeller 3, and the impurities floating on the surface of the slurry are separated by the opened filter plate 42 and cleaned on the filter plate 42. The impurity cleaning liquid is temporarily stored in the shell 2 and participates in the second round of crushing and sorting. The support column 41 rises again, causing the door plate 43 to open to both sides. The impurities on the filter plate 42 enter the interior of the support column 41 through the opened door plate 43.

[0042] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Elastic material is filled in the gap between the filter plate 42 and the support column 41 to fill the gap that appears during the rotation of the filter plate 42, so as to prevent impurities in the kitchen waste slurry from entering the gap and thus restricting the movement of the filter plate 42. Flat bearings, sliding sleeves and other parts can be installed between the support column 41 and the impeller 3 to improve the smoothness of the upward and downward sliding of the support column 41. In addition, a sealing element should be installed on the impeller 3 to achieve a seal between the impeller 3 and the support column 41, thereby preventing the slurry from seeping down between the impeller 3 and the support column 41. A bearing is installed between the cylinder 7 and the support column 41 to achieve a rotatable connection. In addition, a bearing should also be installed at the lower end of the support column 41 so that the collection box 8 pipe connected to it remains stationary when it rotates.

[0043] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 The support column 41 is set as a prism structure and the inside of the support column 41 is hollow. In this method, the support column 41 is set as a quadrangular prism structure. Correspondingly, the inside of the impeller 3 shaft is also set as a quadrangular prism space to cooperate with the support column 41. In order to ensure the efficiency of food waste recycling, the time for waiting for impurities to dry naturally after cleaning is limited. Therefore, the impurities discharged from the support column 41 will contain a certain amount of moisture. Therefore, the collection box 8 should be reserved with drainage measures.

[0044] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 Door panel 43 is slidably connected to the upper end of support column 41. Guide surface 431 is provided at the lower end of the opposite sides of the two door panels 43, and spring 44 is installed between door panel 43 and support column 41. In order to make the door panel 43 move smoothly, multiple springs 44 are provided. When working, as the support column 41 rises, the guide surface 431 begins to contact the inner edge of the impeller 3 shaft. Then, under the reset action of spring 44, the two door panels 43 continue to move away from each other to realize the door opening action. Similarly, when closing, as the support column 41 falls, the guide surface 431 begins to contact the inner edge of the impeller 3 shaft, thereby compressing spring 44 so that the two door panels 43 move closer to each other.

[0045] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 4 to 7 Cylinder 7 has a first stroke and a second stroke. The angle between the two filter plates 42 at the end of the first stroke is denoted as α, and the angle between the two filter plates 42 at the end of the second stroke is denoted as β. Then α < β. In this method, α is 113° and β is 125°. The larger the difference between α and β, the less effort is required for the filter plates 42 to rise, and correspondingly, the more energy-efficient cylinder 7 is. In addition, α and β should be reasonably selected. If they are too small, there will be insufficient storage space for impurities, and if they are too large, it will be not conducive to the discharge of impurities.

[0046] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 8 The filter plate 42 has filter holes 421 that penetrate the filter plate 42, and the filter holes 421 at the front and rear of the same filter plate 42 are arranged alternately. There are various ways to arrange the filter holes 421. In this way, the filter holes 421 at the front and rear of the filter plate 42 are arranged in the front and rear directions respectively, and the filter holes 421 at the front and rear of the filter plate 42 are arranged in rows that are alternately arranged. In addition, columns can be alternated, or a mixture of rows and columns can be alternated.

[0047] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 5 The two filter plates 42 have protrusions 422 on their opposite sides. The protrusions 422 are set in an arc shape or a cone shape. In this method, for the sake of manufacturing cost, the protrusions 422 are set in a cone shape, which is easier to manufacture.

[0048] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 The material density of the filter plate 42 is greater than that of the slurry. A deformation section 22 is provided on the inner wall of the shell 2, with the large diameter end of the deformation section 22 facing upwards. The types of kitchen waste are not fixed, so the density of the kitchen waste slurry is also random. In order to be suitable for recycling more types of kitchen waste, the filter plate 42 should be made of a material with a higher density.

[0049] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 An air pump 9 is installed on the collection box 8, and the air intake of the air pump 9 is connected to the inside of the collection box 8. During operation, the valve of the discharge pipe 5 is closed, and the water inlet pipe 21 drains water into the housing 2. Then, the coarse sorter 1 feeds kitchen waste into the housing 2. After being fully stirred by the impeller 3 and the filter plate 42, the valve of the discharge pipe 5 is opened to discharge the slurry. During this process, the filter plate 42 opens to separate impurities in the slurry. After the slurry is discharged, the valve of the discharge pipe 5 is closed again, and then the water inlet pipe 21 discharges water again to clean the impurities on the filter plate 42. After cleaning, the door plate 43 is opened, and the air pump 9 works to suck the impurities into the collection box 8. After the impurities are discharged, the filter plate 42 closes, and the water inlet pipe 21 discharges water again to raise the liquid level in the housing 2 to the set height (the water used for cleaning impurities is limited in the early stage). The above process is repeated thereafter.

[0050] Working principle: This invention inserts a filter element 4 inside the existing impeller 3. The filter element 4 slides up and down inside the impeller 3, which enables the two filter plates 42 in the filter element 4 to close and open. When the two filter plates 42 close, they move with the impeller 3 to enhance the stirring effect of the impeller 3 on the kitchen waste slurry, thereby improving the recycling efficiency of kitchen waste. When the two filter plates 42 open, the slurry passes through the filter holes 421 on the filter plates 42 and is discharged through the discharge pipe, while impurities are sorted above the filter plates 42. In the subsequent impurity cleaning process, the opened filter plates 42 allow the impurity cleaning liquid to fall into the lower cavity of the shell 2 to participate in the next round of kitchen waste treatment. This not only improves the utilization rate of water resources, but also avoids the discharge of impurity cleaning liquid into the slurry, thus ensuring the recycling efficiency of kitchen waste. The impurities enter the collection box 8 through the support column 41.

[0051] Specifically, in order to achieve the closing and opening of the filter plate 42, the support column 41 is slidably connected to the inside of the impeller 3, the two filter plates 42 are hinged to the upper end of the support column 41, and the cylinder 7 connected to the lower end of the support column 41 is rotated to increase the power for the upward and downward sliding of the support column 41. During the downward movement, the two filter plates 42 enter the inside of the impeller 3 shaft and close together. During the upward movement, the two filter plates 42 are separated from the impeller 3 shaft and open to both sides under their own gravity, and press against the inner wall of the shell 2 to form a screen structure to separate impurities in the kitchen waste slurry.

[0052] To enable the filter plate 42 to follow the impeller 3 and enhance the mixing effect of the impeller 3 on the kitchen waste slurry, the support column 41 is set as a prism structure, and the hollow cross-sectional shape inside the impeller 3 shaft is made to match the outer contour shape of the cross-section of the support column 41. This allows the prism structure of the support column 41 to act as a spline, achieving circumferential positioning of the support column 41 inside the impeller 3. This enables the support column 41 to follow the impeller 3, thereby enhancing the mixing effect during the crushing of kitchen waste. At the same time, the prism structure of the support column 41 also makes the upper end face of the support column 41 flat, which facilitates the hinge connection between the support column 41 and the filter plate 42, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the equipment.

[0053] To further enhance the mixing effect of the filter plate 42 on the kitchen waste slurry, the filter holes 421 at the front and rear of the same filter plate 42 are arranged in an alternating manner. As a result, the filter holes 421 on the two filter plates 42 are blocked by each other, so that the slurry cannot pass through the combination of the two filter plates 42, thereby enhancing the mixing effect of the filter plate 42 on the slurry, improving the quality of kitchen waste crushing and sorting, and at the same time ensuring that the two filter plates 42 maintain the same specifications while fulfilling their own functions, thus facilitating manufacturing and installation.

[0054] In order to reduce the resistance of the slurry to the filter plate 42 during the process of closing and opening, so as to make the filter plate 42 fall quickly to the set position and thus improve the working efficiency of the equipment, a conical protrusion 422 is provided on the back side of the two filter plates 42. The conical protrusion 422 can also increase the contact area between the filter plate 42 and the slurry, thereby further enhancing the stirring effect of the filter plate 42 on the slurry.

[0055] In order to discharge the cleaned impurities from the housing 2, the cylinder 7 has a first stroke and a second stroke, and a deformable section 22 with the large diameter end facing up is provided on the inner wall of the housing 2. After the cylinder 7 completes the first stroke, the hinge point between the filter plate 42 and the support column 41 is separated from the impeller 3, and the filter plate 42 falls freely, changing from a closed state to an open state. The filter plate 42 is supported by the deformable section 22, and when the cylinder 7 continues to execute the second stroke, the further upward movement of the support column 41 is not restricted, thereby realizing the opening of the door panel 43, so that the impurities are discharged from the inside of the support column 41 to the collection box 8.

[0056] To improve the efficiency of impurity discharge, an air pump 9 is installed on the collection box 8, and the air intake of the air pump 9 is connected to the inside of the collection box 8. The air pump 9 provides negative pressure to the collection box 8, so that the impurities on the filter plate 42 are discharged quickly and thoroughly under the action of negative pressure. At the same time, the air pump 9 can also accelerate the gas circulation inside the shell 2 to avoid the accumulation of miasma during the treatment of large amounts of kitchen waste, thereby ensuring the safety of production.

[0057] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection, comprising a coarse sorter (1), a discharge pipe (5), and a transmission assembly (6), characterized in that: It also includes a housing (2), an impeller (3), a filter element (4), a cylinder (7), and a collection box (8). The housing (2) is connected above the discharge pipe (5). The impeller (3) is rotatably connected to the discharge pipe (5), and the impeller (3) has a hollow shaft. The filter element (4) includes a support column (41), a filter plate (42), and a door panel (43). The support column (41) is slidably connected to the inside of the impeller (3). The filter plate (42) is hinged to the upper end of the support column (41). The door panel (43) is slidably connected to the upper end of the support column (41). The cylinder (7) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the support column (41). The collection box (8) is connected to the lower port of the support column (41). Driven by the cylinder (7), the support column (41) slides up and down, causing the filter plate (42) to detach from or enter the impeller (3). The two filter plates (42) that detach from or enter the impeller (3) are opened or closed by the pressure of the impeller (3) edges and their own gravity. The closed filter plate (42) stirs the kitchen waste slurry as the impeller (3) rotates. The impurities floating on the surface of the slurry are separated by the opened filter plate (42) and are cleaned on the filter plate (42). The impurity cleaning liquid is temporarily stored in the shell (2) and participates in the second round of crushing and sorting. The support column (41) rises again, causing the door plate (43) to open to both sides. The impurities on the filter plate (42) enter the interior of the support column (41) through the opened door plate (43).

2. The multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column (41) is configured as a prism structure, and the interior of the support column (41) is hollow.

3. The multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two door panels (43) are provided with a guide surface (431) at the lower end of their opposite sides, and a spring (44) is installed between the door panel (43) and the support column (41).

4. The multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder (7) has a first stroke and a second stroke. The included angle between the two filter plates (42) at the end of the first stroke is denoted as α, and the included angle between the two filter plates (42) at the end of the second stroke is denoted as β. Then α < β.

5. The multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter plate (42) has filter holes (421) that penetrate the filter plate (42), and the filter holes (421) at the front and rear of the same filter plate (42) are arranged alternately.

6. The multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two filter plates (42) are provided with protrusions (422) on their opposite sides, and the protrusions (422) are configured as arc-shaped or conical structures.

7. A multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material density of the filter plate (42) is greater than that of the slurry, and a deformable section (22) is provided on the inner wall of the shell (2), with the large diameter end of the deformable section (22) on top.

8. The multi-stage crushing and sorting device for pre-treatment equipment of kitchen waste collection and transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pump (9) is installed on the collection box (8), and the air pump (9) has an air intake port connected to the inside of the collection box (8).

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