High-precision planetary grinding equipment for inner wall of spline pipe

Abstract

The invention discloses spline pipe inner wall high-precision planetary grinding equipment, and relates to the technical field of grinding equipment, the spline pipe inner wall high-precision planetary grinding equipment comprises a planetary driving mechanism, the planetary driving mechanism comprises a first gear and a plurality of second gears, the second gears are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the first gear, the second gears are meshed with the first gear, and a fixing ring is arranged on one side of the first gear; positioning frames are distributed on the surface of the fixing ring at equal intervals, the second gears are rotationally connected to the inner side walls of the positioning frames, rotating sleeves are connected to the side walls of the second gears, and grinding heads are fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the rotating sleeves. And side plates are arranged on the two sides of the planetary driving mechanism. Planetary gear matching is formed through the first gear and the second gear, the multiple grinding heads can be driven to synchronously rotate at the same time through single-time starting, and multiple key grooves of the spline pipe can be ground at the same time. And compared with the one-by-one machining mode of a single grinding head, the machining time is greatly shortened, the batch machining efficiency is remarkably improved, and the requirement of industrial production for efficient machining is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grinding equipment, and particularly to a high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube. Background Technique

[0002] A spline tube is a tubular part with an internal or external spline structure, which is used in mechanical transmission to achieve circumferential fixation and torque transmission between the shaft and the parts on the shaft. The internal shape of the spline tube is usually cylindrical, and several evenly distributed key grooves are machined on its inner wall. The shapes of these key grooves are mostly rectangular or involute. The key grooves cooperate with the key teeth on the spline shaft to achieve reliable torque transmission and precise centering and positioning. For some key grooves of spline tubes with extremely high precision requirements, after rough machining such as milling or broaching, grinding is also used for finish machining. By grinding the surface of the key groove with a grinding wheel, the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the key groove can be further improved.

[0003] For example, the "high-precision internal spline finish machining equipment" with the patent publication number: CN119426726A includes a workbench, a tool clamping mechanism, and a workpiece clamping mechanism; the tool clamping mechanism includes a fixing plate, a column, a tool holder, a tool assembly, and a driving assembly; the tool assembly includes a tool post and a tool head; a connecting piece is also provided between the tool post and the connecting pipe so that the tool can be hermetically and firmly installed on the tool holder with a preset tightening force and can be conveniently disassembled.

[0004] However, in the prior art, most existing spline groove grinding equipment adopts the method of processing one by one with a single grinding head. Due to the lack of efficient synchronous drive technologies such as planetary gears, the power transmission during processing is unstable, and it is difficult to coordinate the rotational speeds and movement trajectories of each grinding head. Not only can only one key groove be processed at a time, but the frequent start-stop and position adjustment also increase the auxiliary time, resulting in extremely low batch processing efficiency and making it difficult to meet the requirements of industrial large-scale production; at the same time, its fixed number and spacing of grinding heads lack a flexible structural design and cannot be adjusted according to the specifications such as the number and distribution of spline tube key grooves, so the applicable range is extremely limited, and large phase deviations are likely to occur during the processing, making it difficult to ensure the consistency of processing quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube to solve the problems of low processing efficiency and poor structural adaptability of the grinding equipment using single-head grinding in the above background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube, comprising a planetary drive mechanism. The planetary drive mechanism includes a first gear and a plurality of second gears. The second gears are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the first gear, and the second gears mesh with the first gear. A fixed ring is provided on one side of the first gear. Positioning frames are evenly distributed on the surface of the fixed ring. The second gears are rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the positioning frames. A rotating sleeve is connected to the side wall of the second gear. A grinding head is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the rotating sleeve. Side plates are provided on both sides of the planetary drive mechanism. A guiding column is fixedly connected between the two side plates. The guiding column is installed at the axial center line position of the spline groove. A through hole corresponding to the guiding column is provided on the surface of the fixed ring. The planetary drive mechanism is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the guiding column.

[0007] Preferably, a suspension frame is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed ring. A servo motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the suspension frame. The output end of the servo motor penetrates through the suspension frame and is fixedly connected to the first gear.

[0008] Preferably, a radius adjustment mechanism is provided on one side of the planetary drive mechanism. The radius adjustment mechanism includes a rotating disc and a limiting cylinder. The limiting cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed ring.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating disc is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the limiting cylinder. Oblique grooves are evenly formed on the side wall of the rotating disc. A sliding block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the oblique groove. One end of the sliding block is fixedly connected to a rotating ring. The rotating ring is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the rotating sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second gear. A flat key is installed on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft. A flat key groove adapted thereto is formed on the inner side wall of the rotating sleeve. The rotating sleeve is slidably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, rotating seats are evenly provided on the side wall of the fixed ring. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating seats. A circular groove is formed on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft. A limiting post is provided on the inner side wall of the rotating seat.

[0012] Preferably, a handle is provided on the side wall of the side plate. A fixed column is fixedly connected to one end of the handle. A movable column is fixedly connected to the other end of the handle. The fixed column is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating disc. The movable column is rotatably connected to the side wall of the servo motor.

[0013] Preferably, a support frame is inserted into the outer side wall of the side plate. The two support frames support the side plate and the guiding column at the axial center line position of the spline tube.

[0014] Preferably, a circular baffle is provided at the top of the sliding block. Limiting rings are provided on both sides of the rotating ring. The limiting rings are slidably connected to the outer side wall of the rotating sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning frame is fixedly connected to the rotating seat, the rotating seat is detachably connected to the fixed ring, and the rotating disk and the limiting cylinder are detachably connected.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, through the formation of planetary gear cooperation by the first gear and the second gear, a single start can simultaneously drive multiple grinding heads to rotate synchronously, enabling the simultaneous grinding of multiple key grooves of the spline tube. Compared with the method of processing one by one with a single grinding head, the processing time is greatly shortened, the batch processing efficiency is significantly improved, and the demand for high-efficiency processing in industrial production is met; 2. In the present invention, the equipment drives the grinding head to rotate through the meshing transmission of the first gear and the second gear, and cooperates with the guide post to guide the movement trajectory of the planetary drive mechanism, enabling precise grinding of the inner arc-shaped key groove of the spline tube, forming a through key groove by pushing flat from one end to the other end, effectively removing uneven waste materials, achieving high-precision grinding processing, and simultaneously efficiently completing the grinding work of the entire inner wall of the spline tube; 3. In the present invention, the design of the handle, fixed column, and movable column enables both the translation position of the planetary drive mechanism to be controlled and the rotation of the rotating disk to be driven. By utilizing the cooperation of the inclined groove and the sliding block, the inner and outer telescopic adjustment of the grinding head is realized, facilitating grinding at different positions and flexibly adapting to the processing requirements of different parts of the spline tube; 4. In the present invention, the fixed ring and the rotating seat, the rotating disk and the limiting cylinder of the equipment adopt a detachable connection method. According to the number of internal key grooves of different spline tubes, the number of rotating seats can be adjusted and the rotating disk with different numbers of inclined grooves can be replaced, changing the number and spacing of the outer grinding heads, thereby meeting the processing requirements of various types of spline tubes and significantly expanding the application range of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of a high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to the present invention; Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the radius adjustment mechanism and the planetary drive mechanism in a high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the radius adjustment mechanism and the planetary drive mechanism in a high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 4 is the partial structural split schematic diagram of the planetary drive mechanism in a high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to the present invention; Figure 5 is the partial structural split schematic diagram of the planetary drive mechanism from another perspective in a high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to the present invention; Figure 6Schematic diagram of the radius adjustment principle of a high-precision planetary grinding device for the inner wall of a spline tube according to the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the principle of translational grinding of a high-precision planetary grinding device for the inner wall of a spline tube according to the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, support frame; 2, side plate; 20, guide post; 3, servo motor; 4, handle; 41, fixed column; 42, movable column; 5, radius adjustment mechanism; 51, rotating disk; 52, inclined groove; 53, sliding block; 54, limiting cylinder; 55, revolving ring; 6, planetary drive mechanism; 61, gear one; 62, gear two; 63, positioning frame; 64, fixed ring; 65, suspended frame; 66, rotating seat; 67, rotating sleeve; 68, rotating shaft; 7, grinding head. Specific embodiments

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1-7 As shown: A high-precision planetary grinding device for the inner wall of a spline tube includes a planetary drive mechanism 6. The planetary drive mechanism 6 includes a gear one 61 and a plurality of gear two 62. The gear two 62 are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the gear one 61, and the gear two 62 and the gear one 61 mesh with each other. A fixed ring 64 is provided on one side of the gear one 61. The surface of the fixed ring 64 is equidistantly distributed with positioning frames 63. The gear two 62 are rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the positioning frame 63. The side wall of the gear two 62 is connected with a rotating sleeve 67. The outer side wall of the rotating sleeve 67 is fixedly connected with a grinding head 7. Both sides of the planetary drive mechanism 6 are provided with side plates 2. A guide post 20 is fixedly connected between the two side plates 2. The guide post 20 is installed at the axis position of the spline groove. The surface of the fixed ring 64 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the guide post 20. The planetary drive mechanism 6 is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the guide post 20. A suspended frame 65 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed ring 64. A servo motor 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the suspended frame 65. The output end of the servo motor 3 penetrates through the suspended frame 65 and is fixedly connected to the gear one 61.

[0021] A handle 4 is provided on the side wall of the side plate 2. One end of the handle 4 is fixedly connected with a fixed column 41, and the other end of the handle 4 is fixedly connected with a movable column 42. The fixed column 41 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating disk 51, and the movable column 42 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the servo motor 3.

[0022] In this embodiment, the internal shape of the spline tube is a cylindrical structure with multiple keyways and key teeth. The keyways are inwardly recessed portions, typically rectangular, trapezoidal, or arc-shaped, with specific width and depth requirements. The key teeth are the raised portions between adjacent keyways, spaced apart from the keyways and forming the spline structure.

[0023] This device is used for grinding spline tubes with arc-shaped keyways. According to the number of keyways inside the spline tube, a corresponding number of gears 2 62 are set, and the gears 2 62 are evenly spaced around the periphery of gear 1 61. The servo motor 3 is used to drive gear 1 61 to rotate, and gear 1 61 synchronously drives gear 2 62 to rotate. The grinding head 7 is driven to rotate by gear 2 62. The rigid structure and surface material properties of the grinding head 7 are used to make it contact the inner wall of the pipe, and the uneven waste material in the pipe keyway is ground away, thereby forming the required keyway. At the same time, the planetary drive mechanism 6 is moved along the trajectory of the guide column 20, so that the planetary drive mechanism 6 drives the grinding head 7 to push horizontally from one end of the spline tube to the other end, thereby forming a keyway that runs through the entire spline groove, completing the grinding of the inner wall of the spline tube.

[0024] The handle 4 can be used to control the translation position of the planetary drive mechanism 6 and the extension and contraction of the grinding head 7. When the handle 4 and the movable column 42 are pushed, the servo motor 3 can be pushed to move parallel to change the grinding position of the planetary drive mechanism 6 and the grinding head 7. When the handle 4 and the fixed column 41 are rotated, the position of the rotating disk 51 can be rotated, thereby causing the multiple groups of grinding heads 7 to retract inward or expand outward. Example 2: Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a radius adjustment mechanism 5 is provided on one side of the planetary drive mechanism 6. The radius adjustment mechanism 5 includes a rotating disk 51 and a limiting cylinder 54. The limiting cylinder 54 is fixedly connected to a fixing ring 64. The rotating disk 51 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 54. The side wall of the rotating disk 51 is evenly provided with inclined grooves 52. The inner side wall of the inclined grooves 52 is slidably connected to a sliding block 53. One end of the sliding block 53 is fixedly connected to a slewing ring 55. The slewing ring 55 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 67.

[0025] In this embodiment, since the inclined groove 52 is inclined to the direction of the rotating sleeve 67 and the rotating shaft 68, the fixed column 41 is used to drive the rotating disk 51 to rotate, and the inclined groove 52 changes position as the rotating disk 51 rotates. The matching position of the inclined groove 52 and the sliding block 53 is different, and the sliding block 53 will drive the rotating sleeve 67 to move telescopically. Figure 2It is described that when the rotating disk 51 rotates clockwise, the inclined groove 52 drives the grinding head 7 to retract inward. When the rotating disk 51 rotates counterclockwise, the inclined groove 52 drives the grinding head 7 to expand outward. A limiting cylinder 54 is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed ring 64, and the rotating disk 51 is limited by the limiting cylinder 54 to ensure the stability of the position adjustment of the grinding head 7.

[0026] Embodiment 3: According to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a rotating shaft 68 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second gear 62. A flat key is installed on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft 68, and a flat key groove adapted to it is opened on the inner side wall of the rotating sleeve 67. The rotating sleeve 67 is slidably connected to the rotating shaft 68. Rotating seats 66 are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the fixed ring 64. The rotating shaft 68 is rotatably connected to the rotating seats 66. A circular groove is opened on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft 68, and a limiting post is arranged on the inner side wall of the rotating seat 66.

[0027] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the stability of the movement of the grinding device, the rotating sleeve 67 and the rotating shaft 68 are installed through a flat key and a flat key groove. The rotating sleeve 67 can not only rotate with the rotation of the rotating shaft 68 but also move with the translation of the sliding block 53. At the same time, a circular groove is opened on the side wall of the rotating shaft 68, and the limiting post in the rotating seat 66 is clamped with the circular groove, thereby preventing the rotating shaft 68 from sliding linearly and deviating from its position, ensuring the stability of the operation of the grinding head 7.

[0028] Embodiment 4: According to Figure 1-5 As shown, a support frame 1 is inserted into the outer side wall of the side plate 2. The two support frames 1 support the side plate 2 and the guide post 20 at the axial center position of the spline tube. A circular baffle is arranged at the top of the sliding block 53. Limiting rings are arranged on both sides of the rotary ring 55. The limiting rings are slidably connected to the outer side wall of the rotating sleeve 67. The positioning frame 63 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 66. The rotating seat 66 is detachably connected to the fixed ring 64. The rotating disk 51 and the limiting cylinder 54 are detachably connected.

[0029] In this embodiment, since the number of key grooves inside different spline tubes is different, in order to increase the applicability of this device, the fixed ring 64 and the rotating seat 66 are detachably connected. According to the model of the processed spline tube, the number of rotating seats 66 is increased or decreased, and the number of outer grinding heads 7 is changed. They are adjusted to a state with the same spacing to ensure that the positions where the grinding heads 7 grind correspond to the key groove positions of the spline tube. The rotating disk 51 is installed between the layers of the limiting cylinder 54. After disassembling the limiting cylinder 54, the rotating disk 51 can be replaced. There are rotating disks 51 with different numbers of inclined grooves 52 opened. According to the actual use requirements, a suitable rotating disk 51 is replaced, so that the rotating disk 51 cooperates with the rotating sleeve 67 to meet the processing requirements for different models of spline tubes.

[0030] Usage method and working principle of the present device: First, set the corresponding number of gear two 62 which are equally spaced around the periphery of gear one 61 according to the number of key grooves inside the spline tube. Mount the two side plates 2 on the axis position of the spline tube through the support frame 1. Install the guide post 20 at the axis position of the keyway. The planetary drive mechanism 6 is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the guide post 20 through the perforations on the surface of the fixing ring 64. Then, use the servo motor 3 to drive the rotation of gear one 61. Gear one 61 drives gear two 62 to rotate. Gear two 62 drives the rotating sleeve 67 and the grinding head 7 fixed on its outer side wall to rotate. The grinding head 7 contacts the inner side wall of the pipe to polish the waste material to form a keyway. At the same time, by pushing the hand-held handle 4 and the movable column 42, the servo motor 3 can be moved parallelly, driving the planetary drive mechanism 6 and the grinding head 7 to change the grinding position, and being pushed flat from one end of the spline tube to the other end along the trajectory of the guide post 20 to form a through keyway. In addition, by rotating the hand-held handle 4 and the fixed column 41, the rotating disk 51 can be driven to rotate. Since the inclined groove 52 is inclined in the direction of the rotating sleeve 67 and the rotating shaft 68, the inclined groove 52 cooperates with the sliding block 53 to change the position, driving the telescopic movement of the rotating sleeve 67, and realizing the inward retraction or outward expansion of the grinding head 7. And, the rotating sleeve 67 and the rotating shaft 68 are installed through a flat key and a flat keyway. The circular groove on the side wall of the rotating shaft 68 is clamped with the limiting column on the inner side wall of the rotating seat 66, ensuring the stability of the operation of the grinding head 7. Finally, due to the different numbers of key grooves of different spline tubes, by setting the fixing ring 64 and the rotating seat 66, the rotating disk 51 and the limiting cylinder 54 as detachable connections, the number of rotating seats 66 can be increased or decreased according to the spline tube model, and the rotating disk 51 with different numbers of inclined grooves 52 can be replaced to meet the processing requirements of different models of spline tubes.

[0031] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision planetary grinding device for the inner wall of a spline tube, comprising a planetary drive mechanism (6), characterized in that: The planetary drive mechanism (6) includes a first gear (61) and a plurality of second gears (62). The second gears (62) are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the first gear (61), and the second gears (62) mesh with the first gear (61). On one side of the first gear (61), there is a fixed ring (64). The surface of the fixed ring (64) is evenly distributed with positioning frames (63). The second gears (62) are rotatably connected to the inner side walls of the positioning frames (63). The side walls of the second gears (62) are connected with rotating sleeves (67). The outer side walls of the rotating sleeves (67) are fixedly connected with grinding heads (7). On both sides of the planetary drive mechanism (6), there are side plates (2). A guide post (20) is fixedly connected between the two side plates (2). The guide post (20) is installed at the axis position of the spline groove. The surface of the fixed ring (64) is provided with through holes corresponding to the guide post (20). The planetary drive mechanism (6) is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the guide post (20).

2. The high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the fixed ring (64) is fixedly connected with a suspended frame (65). The side wall of the suspended frame (65) is fixedly connected with a servo motor (3). The output end of the servo motor (3) penetrates through the suspended frame (65) and is fixedly connected with the first gear (61).

3. The high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: On one side of the planetary drive mechanism (6), there is a radius adjustment mechanism (5). The radius adjustment mechanism (5) includes a rotating disk (51) and a limiting cylinder (54). The limiting cylinder (54) is fixedly connected with the fixed ring (64).

4. A high-precision planetary grinding device for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating disk (51) is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the limiting cylinder (54). The side wall of the rotating disk (51) is evenly provided with inclined slots (52). The inner side walls of the inclined slots (52) are slidably connected with sliding blocks (53). One end of the sliding blocks (53) is fixedly connected with a rotating ring (55). The rotating ring (55) is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the rotating sleeve (67).

5. A high-precision planetary grinding device for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the second gear (62) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (68). A flat key is installed on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft (68). A flat key groove adapted to it is provided on the inner side wall of the rotating sleeve (67). The rotating sleeve (67) is slidably connected with the rotating shaft (68).

6. The high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side walls of the fixed ring (64) are evenly provided with rotating seats (66). The rotating shaft (68) is rotatably connected to the rotating seats (66). A circular groove is provided on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft (68). A limiting post is provided on the inner side wall of the rotating seat (66).

7. A high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (4) is provided on the side wall of the side plate (2). One end of the handle (4) is fixedly connected with a fixed column (41). The other end of the handle (4) is fixedly connected with a movable column (42). The fixed column (41) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating disk (51). The movable column (42) is rotatably connected with the side wall of the servo motor (3).

8. A high-precision planetary grinding equipment for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (1) is inserted into the outer side wall of the side plate (2). The two support frames (1) support the side plate (2) and the guide post (20) at the axis position of the spline tube.

9. A high-precision planetary grinding device for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: A circular baffle is provided at the top of the sliding block (53). Limiting rings are provided on both sides of the rotating ring (55). The limiting rings are slidably connected to the outer side wall of the rotating sleeve (67).

10. A high-precision planetary grinding device for the inner wall of a spline tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning frame (63) is fixedly connected to the rotating seat (66), the rotating seat (66) is detachably connected to the fixed ring (64), and the rotating disc (51) and the limiting cylinder (54) are detachably connected.

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