ADI differential fixture and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece processing and clamping technology, and specifically discloses an ADI differential fixture and method, comprising a self-converting drive mechanism, a clamping assembly, a composite clamping mechanism, and a cam-type locking mechanism. The self-converting drive mechanism includes a base, a planetary gear train assembly, and a rotary support assembly. The rotary support assembly is disposed on the base, the planetary gear train assembly is rotatably mounted on the rotary support assembly, and the clamping assembly is disposed on the planetary gear train assembly. The present invention creatively proposes a self-converting drive mechanism and a composite clamping mechanism. By leveraging the transmission characteristics of planetary gears, the present invention can automatically adjust the angle, position, and lock a workpiece while controlling only a single drive motor for driving. It can also achieve automatic switching between the aforementioned processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece processing and clamping, and specifically relates to an ADI differential fixture and method. Background Art

[0002] ADI, or austempered ductile iron, is a cast iron material obtained by austempering ductile iron of a certain composition. It has good cost-effectiveness and strength properties, and is therefore often used as the housing of mechanical equipment.

[0003] Generally, there are three cylindrical structures with holes on the differential housing. Two symmetrically arranged cylinders are connected to the two drive shafts of the rear wheels respectively, and a single cylinder is connected to the longitudinal drive shaft in the middle of the vehicle. When clamping and fixing the differential housing workpiece before processing, it is necessary not only to adjust the verticality and center point position, but also to adjust the angles of the two horizontal cylinders; therefore, most general clamping mechanisms have complex structures. If the two steps are to be carried out automatically, the mechanical and electronic control structures will become more complicated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an ADI differential fixture and method; the clamping of cylindrical structures is generally completed by a multi-jaw chuck, which has both "center axis position adjustment" and "clamping and fixing" functions. However, since the differential housing is not a standard rotating body structure, it is also necessary to adjust its angle before locking. Based on this demand, the present invention creatively proposes a self-converting drive mechanism and a composite clamping mechanism. Through the transmission characteristics of planetary gears, the workpiece can be automatically adjusted in angle, position and locked by controlling only one drive motor for driving, and the automatic switching of the above processes can also be realized.

[0005] Since the composite clamping mechanism exists as a safety redundant structure after the workpiece is completely locked, the elastic deformation of the corrugated spring can prevent the vibration and impact of the workpiece during processing from being transmitted to the lifting nut, thereby just avoiding damage to precision components.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes an ADI differential fixture, including a self-converting drive mechanism, a clamping assembly, a composite clamping mechanism, and a cam-type locking mechanism. The self-converting drive mechanism includes a base, a planetary gear train assembly, and a rotating support assembly. The rotating support assembly is disposed on the base, the planetary gear train assembly is rotatably disposed on the rotating support assembly, and the clamping assembly is disposed on the planetary gear train assembly.

[0007] The composite clamping mechanism includes a nut bracket, a lifting assembly and a pressing assembly. The nut bracket is arranged on the base, the lifting assembly is rotatably arranged in the nut bracket, and the pressing assembly is arranged on the lifting assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the planetary gear train assembly includes a center wheel, an outer ring gear, planetary wheels and a planetary carrier, the center wheel is rotatably arranged at the center of the base, the outer ring gear and the center wheel are coaxially arranged and can rotate, the planetary carrier is rotatably arranged on the rotating support assembly, and planetary shafts are evenly distributed in an annular manner on the planetary carrier, the planetary wheels are rotatably arranged on the planetary shafts, the planetary shafts are engaged with the center wheel, and the planetary shafts are engaged with the outer ring gear.

[0009] Through the improved deformation of the planetary gear transmission structure, the present invention can have the technical effect of adjusting the angle first and then adjusting the position, which makes up for the inherent defect of the claw chuck that cannot adjust the angle; and through the design of the rotational resistance, it can realize the automatic switching of the two processes of angle adjustment and position adjustment, which not only simplifies the structure, but also eliminates the process logic module that originally needed to be controlled by software.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating support assembly includes a ring gear seat, a bearing, a planetary seat and a drive motor, the ring gear seat is arranged on the base, the bearing is arranged between the ring gear seat and the outer ring gear, the planetary seat is arranged on the base, the planetary carrier is rotatably arranged on the planetary seat, the drive motor is arranged on the base, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the center wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a locking turntable, a sliding clamp and a table top, the table top is arranged on the nut bracket, the locking turntable is arranged on the planetary shaft, the table top is provided with a clamp groove, the sliding clamp is engaged and slidably arranged in the clamp groove, the bottom of the sliding clamp and the locking turntable are connected by a spiral convex pattern, and the locking turntable can slide with the sliding clamp when it rotates.

[0012] When the locking turntable rotates, multiple sets of sliding jaws can move closer or farther away at the same time, and the position of the workpiece can be adjusted and finally locked through the clamping assembly. And because the power transmission between the locking turntable and the sliding jaws is unidirectional, the lateral force during workpiece processing will not loosen the clamping assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes an external transmission ring gear, a lifting nut and a lifting screw, the external transmission ring gear is fixed to the external ring gear, the lifting nut is rotatably arranged in the nut bracket, the lifting nut is provided with an external gear part, the external gear part and the external transmission ring gear are engaged for transmission, and the lifting screw and the lifting nut are threadedly transmitted.

[0014] Since the bottom of the compression liner has an arc-shaped surface, when the open lifting seat pushes the compression liner downward, the workpiece will eventually be adjusted to the angle where the connection line of the two sets of composite clamping mechanisms is located, so it has the function of automatically adjusting the angle of the workpiece; after the clamping assembly completely locks the workpiece, since the tool is located above the workpiece, the force from the tool during processing is directed downward or around, so the stability of the workpiece can be fully guaranteed by the clamping assembly.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressing assembly includes an open lifting seat, a compression liner and a corrugated spring sheet. The open lifting seat is fixed to the top end of the lifting screw, the compression liner is arranged in the open lifting seat, and the corrugated spring sheet is arranged between the open lifting seat and the compression liner.

[0016] The composite clamping mechanism is only used when the workpiece is adjusted in angle. After the clamping assembly is completely locked, the composite clamping mechanism exists more as a safety redundant structure. At this time, the flexible connection of the corrugated spring can prevent the vibration during processing from causing damage to the lifting nut.

[0017] Furthermore, the cam-type locking mechanism includes a sliding locking assembly and a handle assembly, the sliding locking assembly is arranged on the side of the table, and the handle assembly is rotatably arranged on the sliding locking assembly.

[0018] Preferably, the sliding locking assembly includes a sliding seat, a locking block and a cam body. The sliding seat is fixed to the side of the table top, and the locking block is engaged and slidably arranged in the sliding seat. One end of the locking block is provided with a tooth portion that cooperates with the external transmission ring gear. A central square groove is provided at the center position of the locking block, and the cam body is rotatably arranged in the central square groove.

[0019] By rotating the cam body, the inconsistent distance between the edge of the cam body and the cam shaft can be utilized to push the locking block to slide in the sliding seat, thereby realizing the engagement and separation of the teeth and the external transmission ring gear, and then completing the locking of the external transmission ring gear.

[0020] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the handle assembly includes a cam shaft and a fork handle, the cam shaft is rotatably arranged in a sliding seat, the cam body is fixed to the cam shaft, and the cam shaft is fixed to the fork handle.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a method for using an ADI differential fixture, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: First, place the workpiece on the table. The differential housing has three cylindrical structures with holes. Two symmetrically arranged cylinders are connected to the two drive shafts of the rear wheels respectively, and a single cylinder is connected to the middle longitudinal transmission shaft. During processing, the cylinder connected to the longitudinal transmission shaft is placed vertically, and the horizontal cylinder is roughly located below the open lifting seat;

[0023] Step 2: Start the drive motor and rotate the center wheel. In the initial state, the rotational resistance of the planetary wheel is smaller than that of the planetary carrier, so the planetary carrier remains stationary. The rotation of the center wheel is transmitted to the planetary carrier through the self-rotation of the planetary wheel, and the lifting nut is rotated through the outer transmission ring gear, thereby driving the lifting screw and the pressing assembly to descend. When the open lifting seat descends, it will gradually press the workpiece and automatically adjust the angle of the workpiece by pressing the arc surface under the inner liner.

[0024] Step 3: At this point, the workpiece is not completely locked, but because the rotational resistance of the planetary gear is greater than that of the planetary carrier, the planetary gear will rotate with the locking turntable, driving the sliding jaws to slide in the jaw chute and approach each other. As the jaw chute approaches each other, the position of the workpiece can be adjusted horizontally, and the workpiece can be completely locked and fixed.

[0025] Step 4: Rotate the fork handle half a circle, and push the locking block to slide in the sliding seat and approach the outer transmission ring gear through the rotation of the cam body, so that the teeth and the outer transmission ring gear engage with each other, thereby completing the locking of the outer transmission ring gear. After the outer transmission ring gear is locked, on the one hand, the planetary gear cannot rotate freely, and on the other hand, the lifting nut can be locked. At this time, the workpiece can be processed.

[0026] Step 5: After processing is completed, the disassembly process of the workpiece is the opposite of the clamping process. First, rotate the fork handle half a circle in the opposite direction to release the lock of the external transmission ring gear, and then start the drive motor in the reverse direction.

[0027] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0028] (1) Through the improved deformation of the planetary gear transmission structure, the present invention can achieve the technical effect of adjusting the angle first and then adjusting the position, which makes up for the inherent defect of the claw chuck that cannot adjust the angle; and it can also realize the automatic switching of the two processes of angle adjustment and position adjustment by designing the rotation resistance, which not only simplifies the structure but also eliminates the process logic module that originally needed to be controlled by software.

[0029] (2) When the locking turntable rotates, multiple sets of sliding jaws can move closer or farther away at the same time, and the position of the workpiece can be adjusted and finally locked through the clamping assembly. Moreover, since the power transmission between the locking turntable and the sliding jaws is unidirectional, the lateral force during workpiece processing will not loosen the clamping assembly.

[0030] (3) Since the lower part of the compression lining has an arc-shaped surface, when the open lifting seat pushes the compression lining downward, the workpiece will eventually be adjusted to the angle where the connection line of the two sets of composite clamping mechanisms is located, so it has the function of automatically adjusting the angle of the workpiece; after the clamping assembly completely locks the workpiece, since the tool is located above the workpiece, the force from the tool during processing is directed downward or around, so the stability of the workpiece can be fully guaranteed by the clamping assembly.

[0031] (4) The composite clamping mechanism is only used when the workpiece is adjusted in angle. After the clamping assembly is completely locked, the composite clamping mechanism exists more as a safety redundant structure. At this time, the flexible connection of the corrugated spring can prevent the vibration during the processing from causing damage to the lifting nut.

[0032] (5) By rotating the cam body, the inconsistent distance between the edge of the cam body and the cam shaft can be utilized to push the locking block to slide in the sliding seat, thereby realizing the engagement and separation of the tooth portion and the external transmission gear ring, and then completing the locking of the external transmission gear ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of an ADI differential fixture proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of an ADI differential fixture proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a left side view of an ADI differential fixture proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A top view of an ADI differential fixture proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line AA;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line BB;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line CC;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point Ⅰ in the middle;

[0041] Figure 9 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point II in the middle.

[0042] Among them, 1. Self-conversion drive mechanism, 2. Clamping assembly, 3. Composite clamping mechanism, 4. Cam locking mechanism, 5. Base, 6. Planetary gear train assembly, 7. Rotary support assembly, 8. Center wheel, 9. Outer ring gear, 10. Planetary gear, 11. Planetary carrier, 12. Ring gear seat, 13. Bearing, 14. Planetary seat, 15. Planetary shaft, 16. Locking turntable, 17. Sliding clamping jaw, 18. Table, 19. Clamping jaw slide, 20. Nut bracket , 21. Lifting assembly, 22. Pressing assembly, 23. External transmission ring gear, 24. Lifting nut, 25. Lifting screw, 26. Open lifting seat, 27. Pressing liner, 28. Corrugated spring, 29. External gear part, 30. Sliding locking assembly, 31. Handle assembly, 32. Sliding seat, 33. Locking block, 34. Cam body, 35. Cam shaft, 36. Fork handle, 37. Center square groove, 38. Tooth part, 39. Drive motor.

[0043] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, the present invention proposes an ADI differential fixture and method, including a self-converting drive mechanism 1, a clamping assembly 2, a composite clamping mechanism 3 and a cam-type locking mechanism 4. The self-converting drive mechanism 1 includes a base 5, a planetary gear train assembly 6 and a rotating support assembly 7. The rotating support assembly 7 is provided on the base 5, the planetary gear train assembly 6 is rotatably provided on the rotating support assembly 7, and the clamping assembly 2 is provided on the planetary gear train assembly 6.

[0047] The composite clamping mechanism 3 includes a nut bracket 20 , a lifting assembly 21 and a pressing assembly 22 . The nut bracket 20 is arranged on the base 5 , the lifting assembly 21 is rotatably arranged in the nut bracket 20 , and the pressing assembly 22 is arranged on the lifting assembly 21 .

[0048] The planetary gear train assembly 6 includes a center wheel 8, an outer ring gear 9, planetary wheels 10 and a planet carrier 11. The center wheel 8 is rotatably arranged at the center of the base 5. The outer ring gear 9 and the center wheel 8 are coaxially arranged and can rotate. The planet carrier 11 is rotatably arranged on the rotating support assembly 7. Planet shafts 15 are evenly distributed in an annular shape on the planet carrier 11. The planetary wheels 10 are rotatably arranged on the planet shafts 15. The planetary shafts 15 are engaged with the center wheel 8, and the planetary shafts 15 are engaged with the outer ring gear 9.

[0049] Through the improved deformation of the planetary gear transmission structure, the present invention can have the technical effect of adjusting the angle first and then adjusting the position, which makes up for the inherent defect of the claw chuck that cannot adjust the angle; and through the design of the rotational resistance, it can realize the automatic switching of the two processes of angle adjustment and position adjustment, which not only simplifies the structure, but also eliminates the process logic module that originally needed to be controlled by software.

[0050] The rotating support assembly 7 includes a ring gear seat 12, a bearing 13, a planetary seat 14 and a drive motor 39. The ring gear seat 12 is arranged on the base 5, the bearing 13 is arranged between the ring gear seat 12 and the outer ring gear 9, the planetary seat 14 is arranged on the base 5, the planetary carrier 11 is rotatably arranged on the planetary seat 14, the drive motor 39 is arranged on the base 5, and the output shaft of the drive motor 39 is connected to the center wheel 8.

[0051] The clamping assembly 2 includes a locking turntable 16, a sliding clamping jaw 17 and a table 18. The table 18 is arranged on the nut bracket 20. The locking turntable 16 is arranged on the planetary shaft 15. The table 18 is provided with a clamping jaw groove 19. The sliding clamping jaw 17 is engaged and slidably arranged in the clamping jaw groove 19. The bottom of the sliding clamping jaw 17 and the locking turntable 16 are connected by a spiral convex pattern. When the locking turntable 16 rotates, it can slide with the sliding clamping jaw 17.

[0052] When the locking turntable 16 rotates, multiple groups of sliding jaws 17 can move closer or farther away at the same time, and the position adjustment and final locking of the workpiece can be achieved through the clamping assembly 2. Moreover, since the power transmission between the locking turntable 16 and the sliding jaws 17 is unidirectional, the lateral force during workpiece processing will not loosen the clamping assembly 2.

[0053] The lifting assembly 21 includes an external transmission ring gear 23, a lifting nut 24 and a lifting screw 25. The external transmission ring gear 23 is fixed to the external gear ring 9. The lifting nut 24 is rotatably arranged in the nut bracket 20. The lifting nut 24 is provided with an external gear part 29. The external gear part 29 and the external transmission ring gear 23 are engaged for transmission. The lifting screw 25 and the lifting nut 24 are threaded for transmission.

[0054] Since the bottom of the clamping liner 27 has an arc-shaped surface, the workpiece will eventually be adjusted to the angle where the line connecting the two sets of composite clamping mechanisms 3 is located when the open lifting seat 26 pushes the clamping liner 27 downward, so it has the function of automatically adjusting the angle of the workpiece; after the clamping assembly 2 completely locks the workpiece, since the tool is located above the workpiece, the force from the tool during processing is directed downward or around, so the stability of the workpiece can be fully guaranteed by the clamping assembly 2.

[0055] The pressing assembly 22 includes an open lifting seat 26, a pressing liner 27 and a corrugated spring piece 28. The open lifting seat 26 is fixed to the top of the lifting screw 25, the pressing liner 27 is arranged in the open lifting seat 26, and the corrugated spring piece 28 is arranged between the open lifting seat 26 and the pressing liner 27.

[0056] The composite clamping mechanism 3 is only used when the workpiece is adjusted in angle. After the clamping assembly 2 is completely locked, the composite clamping mechanism 3 exists more as a safety redundant structure. At this time, the flexible connection of the corrugated spring piece 28 can prevent the vibration during the processing from causing damage to the lifting nut 24.

[0057] The cam-type locking mechanism 4 includes a sliding locking assembly 30 and a handle assembly 31 . The sliding locking assembly 30 is disposed on a side of the table 18 , and the handle assembly 31 is rotatably disposed on the sliding locking assembly 30 .

[0058] The sliding locking assembly 30 includes a sliding seat 32, a locking block 33 and a cam body 34. The sliding seat 32 is fixed to the side of the table 18. The locking block 33 is engaged and slidably arranged in the sliding seat 32. One end of the locking block 33 is provided with a tooth portion 38 that cooperates with the outer transmission ring gear 23. A central square groove 37 is provided at the center position of the locking block 33, and the cam body 34 is rotatably arranged in the central square groove 37.

[0059] By rotating the cam body 34 , the inconsistent distance between the edge of the cam body 34 and the cam shaft 35 can be utilized to push the locking block 33 to slide in the sliding seat 32 , thereby realizing the engagement and separation of the tooth portion 38 and the outer transmission ring gear 23 , and then completing the locking of the outer transmission ring gear 23 .

[0060] The handle assembly 31 includes a cam shaft 35 and a fork handle 36 . The cam shaft 35 is rotatably disposed in the sliding seat 32 . The cam body 34 is fixed to the cam shaft 35 . The cam shaft 35 is fixed to the fork handle 36 .

[0061] When using it, the user first needs to place the workpiece on the table 18, and the cylinder connected to the longitudinal drive shaft of the vehicle is placed vertically, and the two horizontal cylinders are roughly located below the open lifting seat 26;

[0062] Then, the drive motor 39 is started and rotates the center wheel 8. In the initial state, the rotational resistance of the planetary gear 10 is less than that of the planetary carrier 11, so the planetary carrier 11 remains stationary. The rotation of the center wheel 8 is transmitted to the planetary carrier 11 through the self-rotation of the planetary gear 10, and the lifting nut 24 is rotated through the outer transmission ring gear 23, thereby driving the lifting screw 25 and the pressing assembly 22 to descend. As the open lifting seat 26 descends, it gradually presses the workpiece and automatically adjusts the angle of the workpiece through the arc surface below the pressing liner 27.

[0063] At this time, the workpiece has not been completely fixed and locked, but because the rotational resistance of the planetary gear 10 is greater than the rotational resistance of the planetary carrier 11, the planetary gear 10 will rotate with the locking turntable 16, and at the same time drive the sliding clamping jaws 17 to slide in the clamping jaw slots 19 and approach each other; in the process of the clamping jaw slots 19 approaching each other, on the one hand, the position of the workpiece can be adjusted horizontally, and on the other hand, the workpiece can be finally completely locked and fixed.

[0064] After the workpiece is clamped, the drive motor 39 is temporarily kept in a stopped state, and then the fork handle 36 is rotated half a circle. When the cam shaft 35 and the fork handle 36 rotate, the cam body 34 is rotated in the center square groove 37, and the locking block 33 is pushed by the cam body 34 to slide in the sliding seat 32 and approach the outer transmission ring gear 23, and finally the tooth portion 38 and the outer transmission ring gear 23 are engaged with each other, thereby completing the locking of the outer transmission ring gear 23. After the outer transmission ring gear 23 is locked, on the one hand, the planetary gear 10 cannot rotate freely, and on the other hand, the lifting nut 24 can also be locked. At this time, the workpiece can be processed.

[0065] During machining, the cutting of the workpiece by the tool will cause the workpiece to vibrate. Locking the outer transmission ring gear 23 can prevent the outer transmission ring gear 23 from rotating due to vibration. Since the center gear 8 is connected to the motor, it can actively remain stationary. When both the outer transmission ring gear 23 and the center gear 8 are locked, the planet carrier 11 cannot rotate due to vibration or external force. Therefore, by locking the outer transmission ring gear 23, the clamping stability of the sliding clamp 17 and the open lifting seat 26 on the workpiece can be guaranteed at the same time.

[0066] Since there may be a precise transmission structure (such as a ball, etc.) between the lifting nut 24 and the lifting screw 25, the elastic buffer of the corrugated spring piece 28 can prevent the vibration of the workpiece from causing damage to it during the processing; in addition, since the impact force during the processing is mainly horizontal and vertical downward, after the clamping assembly 2 is completely locked, the pressing assembly 22 exists as a safety redundancy, so the deformation of the corrugated spring piece 28 will not affect the stability of the clamping.

[0067] After the processing is completed, the disassembly process of the workpiece is the opposite of the clamping process. First, the fork handle 36 is rotated half a circle in the opposite direction to release the lock of the external transmission ring gear 23, and then the drive motor 39 is started in the reverse direction.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0069] The present invention and its embodiments are described above. This description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ADI differential fixture, characterized by: The invention comprises a self-conversion drive mechanism (1), a clamping assembly (2), a composite clamping mechanism (3) and a cam-type locking mechanism (4); the self-conversion drive mechanism (1) comprises a base (5), a planetary gear train assembly (6) and a rotary support assembly (7); the rotary support assembly (7) is arranged on the base (5); the planetary gear train assembly (6) is rotatably arranged on the rotary support assembly (7); and the clamping assembly (2) is arranged on the planetary gear train assembly (6); The composite clamping mechanism (3) comprises a nut bracket (20), a lifting assembly (21) and a pressing assembly (22), wherein the nut bracket (20) is arranged on the base (5), the lifting assembly (21) is rotatably arranged in the nut bracket (20), and the pressing assembly (22) is arranged on the lifting assembly (21); The planetary gear train assembly (6) comprises a center wheel (8), an outer gear ring (9), planet wheels (10) and a planet carrier (11), wherein the center wheel (8) is rotatably arranged at the center of the base (5), the outer gear ring (9) and the center wheel (8) are coaxially arranged and rotatable, the planet carrier (11) is rotatably arranged on the rotating support assembly (7), planet shafts (15) are evenly distributed in an annular pattern on the planet carrier (11), the planet wheels (10) are rotatably arranged on the planet shafts (15), the planet shafts (15) are meshed with the center wheel (8), and the planet shafts (15) are meshed with the outer gear ring (9); The rotating support assembly (7) includes a ring gear seat (12), a bearing (13), a planetary seat (14) and a driving motor (39), wherein the ring gear seat (12) is arranged on the base (5), the bearing (13) is arranged between the ring gear seat (12) and the outer ring gear (9), the planetary seat (14) is arranged on the base (5), the planetary carrier (11) is rotatably arranged on the planetary seat (14), the driving motor (39) is arranged on the base (5), and the output shaft of the driving motor (39) is connected to the center wheel (8); The clamping assembly (2) includes a locking turntable (16), a sliding clamping claw (17) and a table (18), wherein the table (18) is arranged on a nut bracket (20), the locking turntable (16) is arranged on a planetary shaft (15), a clamping claw slide groove (19) is provided on the table (18), the sliding clamping claw (17) is engaged and slidably arranged in the clamping claw slide groove (19), the bottom of the sliding clamping claw (17) and the locking turntable (16) are connected by a spiral convex pattern, and the locking turntable (16) can slide with the sliding clamping claw (17) when rotating; The lifting assembly (21) includes an external transmission gear ring (23), a lifting nut (24) and a lifting screw (25), wherein the external transmission gear ring (23) is fixed to the external gear ring (9), the lifting nut (24) is rotatably arranged in the nut bracket (20), the lifting nut (24) is provided with an external gear portion (29), the external gear portion (29) and the external transmission gear ring (23) are meshed for transmission, and the lifting screw (25) and the lifting nut (24) are threaded for transmission; The pressing assembly (22) includes an open lifting seat (26), a pressing liner (27) and a corrugated spring piece (28), wherein the open lifting seat (26) is fixed to the top end of the lifting screw (25), the pressing liner (27) is arranged in the open lifting seat (26), and the corrugated spring piece (28) is arranged between the open lifting seat (26) and the pressing liner (27).

2. The ADI differential fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam-type locking mechanism (4) comprises a sliding locking assembly (30) and a handle assembly (31), wherein the sliding locking assembly (30) is arranged on a side of the table (18), and the handle assembly (31) is rotatably arranged on the sliding locking assembly (30).

3. The ADI differential fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding locking assembly (30) includes a sliding seat (32), a locking block (33) and a cam body (34), wherein the sliding seat (32) is fixed to the side of the table (18), the locking block (33) is engaged and slidably arranged in the sliding seat (32), one end of the locking block (33) is provided with a tooth portion (38) that cooperates with the external transmission gear ring (23), a central square groove (37) is provided at the center position of the locking block (33), and the cam body (34) is rotatably arranged in the central square groove (37).

4. The ADI differential fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The handle assembly (31) comprises a cam shaft (35) and a fork handle (36), wherein the cam shaft (35) is rotatably disposed in the sliding seat (32), the cam body (34) is fixed to the cam shaft (35), and the cam shaft (35) is fixed to the fork handle (36).

5. A method for using the ADI differential fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: First, place the workpiece on the table (18). The differential housing has three cylindrical structures with holes. Two symmetrically arranged cylinders are connected to the two drive shafts of the rear wheels respectively, and a separate cylinder is connected to the middle longitudinal transmission shaft. During processing, the cylinder connected to the longitudinal transmission shaft is placed vertically, and the horizontal cylinder is roughly located below the open lifting seat (26); Step 2: Start the driving motor (39) and rotate the center wheel (8). In the initial state, the rotational resistance of the planetary wheel (10) is less than the rotational resistance of the planetary frame (11), so the planetary frame (11) remains stationary. The rotation of the center wheel (8) is transmitted to the planetary frame (11) through the self-rotation of the planetary wheel (10), and the lifting nut (24) is rotated through the outer transmission ring gear (23), thereby driving the lifting screw (25) and the pressing assembly (22) to descend; the open lifting seat (26) will gradually press the workpiece when it descends, and at the same time automatically adjust the angle of the workpiece through the arc surface below the pressing liner (27); Step 3: At this time, the workpiece has not been completely fixed and locked, but because the rotational resistance of the planetary gear (10) is greater than the rotational resistance of the planetary carrier (11), the planetary gear (10) will rotate with the locking turntable (16), and at the same time drive the sliding clamping jaws (17) to slide in the clamping jaw chute (19) and approach each other; in the process of the clamping jaw chute (19) approaching each other, on the one hand, the position of the workpiece can be adjusted in translation, and on the other hand, the workpiece can be completely locked and fixed; Step 4: Rotate the fork handle (36) half a circle, and push the locking block (33) to slide in the sliding seat (32) and approach the outer transmission ring gear (23) through the rotation of the cam body (34), so that the tooth portion (38) and the outer transmission ring gear (23) engage with each other, thereby completing the locking of the outer transmission ring gear (23). After the outer transmission ring gear (23) is locked, on the one hand, the planetary gear (10) cannot rotate freely, and on the other hand, the lifting nut (24) can be locked. At this time, the workpiece can be processed; Step 5: After the processing is completed, the disassembly process of the workpiece is the opposite of the clamping process. First, the fork handle (36) is rotated half a circle in the opposite direction to release the lock of the external transmission ring gear (23), and then the drive motor (39) is started in the reverse direction.

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