Soft high-flame-retardant heat-insulating protective composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a soft high-flame-retardant heat-insulating protective composite material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of high-temperature protection of fire-fighting individuals. Comprising a high-temperature flame-retardant layer and a composite flame-retardant thermal insulation module, the high-temperature flame-retardant layer covers and is fixed on the upper surface of the composite flame-retardant heat-insulating module; the composite flame-retardant heat insulation module comprises a porous water absorption layer, a heat insulation hydrogel layer, a packaging layer and a heat resistance layer; heat insulation hydrogel layers are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the porous water absorption layer; the outer part of the porous water absorption layer provided with the heat insulation hydrogel layer is wrapped and sealed by a packaging layer; a heat-resistant layer is arranged on the upper surface of the packaging layer; the composite structure formed by the heat insulation hydrogel, the heat combination layer and the high-temperature flame-retardant layer can effectively improve the flame retardance and heat insulation performance of the material, and the composite material is higher in softness and can be used for manufacturing fireproof clothes or articles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of individual high-temperature protection for fire fighting, and specifically relates to a soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Current fire-proof fabrics used for fire fighting, such as aramid flame-retardant fabrics, can withstand temperatures up to 370°C to 650°C. However, for firefighters in high-temperature environments above 800°C, such fire-proof fabrics still cannot achieve effective heat-insulating and protective effects.

[0003] Composite flame-retardant materials (such as aluminum foil composite flame-retardant materials) can reflect radiant heat and can briefly withstand high temperatures of 800°C to 1000°C without contacting the flame. The protection time is generally not more than 30 seconds, and they will instantly fail once they contact flames above 700°C. Moreover, when firefighters are in high-temperature environments for a long time, the heat-insulating effect of such composite flame-retardant materials will decline.

[0004] Furthermore, the weight of existing fire-proof fabrics for protecting against high temperatures above 650°C is generally above 2 Kg / m 2 and they have poor softness. Therefore, we propose a soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material and a preparation method thereof. The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite material includes a high-temperature flame-retardant layer and a composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module; the high-temperature flame-retardant layer covers and is fixed on the upper surface of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module; The composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module includes a porous water-absorbing layer, a heat-insulating hydrogel layer, a packaging layer, and a heat-blocking layer; The upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing layer are provided with a heat-insulating hydrogel layer; the porous water-absorbing layer provided with the heat-insulating hydrogel layer is externally wrapped and sealed by a packaging layer; a heat-blocking layer is provided on the upper surface of the packaging layer.

[0006] Further, the heat-blocking layer wraps and is fixed outside the packaging layer.

[0007] Further, the heat-insulating hydrogel layer is a mixture of water and oxide aerogel.

[0008] Further, the oxide aerogel is silica aerogel or zirconia aerogel.

[0009] Further, the porous water-absorbing layer is a porous water-absorbing cloth.

[0010] Further, the packaging layer is a TUP film.

[0011] Further, the heat insulation layer is fiberglass aluminum foil adhesive tape.

[0012] A preparation method of a soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material comprises the following steps: Step 1: Coat the above-mentioned heat-insulating hydrogel layer on both the upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing layer; Step 2: Wrap and seal the porous water-absorbing layer coated with the heat-insulating hydrogel layer with a packaging layer; Step 3: Stick a heat insulation layer on the upper surface of the packaging layer or wrap and seal the outside of the packaging layer with a heat insulation layer to prepare a composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module; Step 4: Fix the high-temperature flame-retardant layer on the upper surface of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module.

[0013] Preferably, in Step 1, the spraying method is adopted instead of coating. The spraying is to evenly spray the hydrogel on the porous water-absorbing layer so that the hydrogel adheres to the upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing layer to form a heat-insulating hydrogel layer.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules are sequentially spliced and adhered to the inside of the high-temperature flame-retardant layer.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: In the present invention, by fixing the hydrogel on the porous water-absorbing layer and simultaneously wrapping and sealing it with a packaging layer, the gel state of the hydrogel can be maintained, and the hydrogel can be prevented from flowing inside the packaging layer, effectively maintaining the performance state of the heat-insulating hydrogel and preventing the volatilization of the water in the hydrogel; In the present invention, the composite structure formed by the heat-insulating hydrogel, the heat-insulating layer and the high-temperature flame-retardant layer can effectively improve the flame retardancy and heat insulation performance of the material. In the 1000 °C point-to-point burn-through test of the composite material, the burn-through time exceeds 20 minutes.

[0016] The composite material prepared by the present invention has higher softness and can be used for the production of fire-proof clothing or articles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material of the present invention; [[ID=�6]] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module of the present invention; Reference numerals in the figure: 1, high-temperature flame-retardant layer; 2, fiberglass aluminum foil adhesive tape; 3, TUP film; 4, hydrogel; 5, porous water-absorbing cloth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the protection scope is not limited hereby.

[0019] This embodiment provides a kind of gentle, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material and its preparation method; See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the described gentle, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material includes: a high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1 that can resist high temperatures above 1000°C and several composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules with ultra-low thermal conductivity. Several composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules are spliced according to the required size specifications, and then a high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1 is covered and fixed above the spliced composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules.

[0020] In this embodiment, the high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1 is made of carbon fiber material, and the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module includes a porous water-absorbing cloth 5, a hydrogel 4, a TUP film 3, and a fiberglass aluminum foil adhesive tape 2.

[0021] The hydrogel 4 is coated on both the upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing cloth 5; the porous water-absorbing cloth 5 coated with the hydrogel 4 is wrapped and sealed with a TUP film 3 on the outside; the TUP film 3 is wrapped and sealed with a fiberglass aluminum foil adhesive tape 2 on the outside.

[0022] In this embodiment, the hydrogel 4 is a mixture of water and an oxide aerogel. The oxide aerogel can be selected from silica aerogel or zirconia aerogel, and the ratio of the oxide aerogel to water is 1:7.

[0023] The thickness of the porous water-absorbing cloth 5 does not exceed 0.2 mm. The hydrogel 4 is evenly applied on both the upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing cloth 5, or the hydrogel 4 can be evenly sprayed on both sides of the porous water-absorbing cloth 5 so that the hydrogel 4 adheres to the porous water-absorbing cloth 5.

[0024] The TUP film 3 is a food-grade material. The porous water-absorbing cloth 5 coated with the hydrogel 4 is vacuum-sealed in the TUP film 3 through the TUP film 3; then a fiberglass aluminum foil adhesive tape 2 is wrapped around the outer layer of the TUP film 3 and fixed with a high-temperature adhesive to form a composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module.

[0025] The weight of the gentle, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material described in this embodiment is within 1.2 Kg / m 2 and can have a heat-insulating and protective time exceeding 2 minutes under the condition of point-to-point combustion at a 1000°C flame.

[0026] In this embodiment, the hydrogel 4 is evenly applied on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing cloth 5. The porous water-absorbing cloth 5 absorbs the moisture in the hydrogel 4 and cures the hydrogel 4. Through vacuum packaging with the TUP film 3, while reducing the fluidity of the hydrogel 4, the evaporation of the moisture in the hydrogel 4 is prevented.

[0027] The TUP film 3 is mainly used to prevent the volatilization of the moisture in the hydrogel 4; in addition to the vacuum packaging method, tape adhesion can also be used for sealing. The TUP film 3 can also be replaced by other films that do not volatilize or produce slightly toxic gases at high temperatures.

[0028] The outer surface of the sealed TUP film 3 is adhered with a high-temperature-resistant fiberglass aluminum foil adhesive tape 2 to enhance the overall sealing performance and tensile strength of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module. At the same time, the fiberglass aluminum foil adhesive tape 2 on the surface can reflect radiant heat and enhance the high-temperature resistance ability.

[0029] The high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1 can also be selected from other high-temperature-resistant materials with a high-temperature resistance of 1000 °C, and the point-to-point burn-through time of the material at 1000 °C is more than 20 minutes.

[0030] After the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules are spliced and adhered, a high-temperature-resistant adhesive is used to apply on the inner side of the high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1; The composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules can also be successively adhered to the inner side of the high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1 one by one. When fitting, the modules should also be precisely fitted to form a high flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material.

[0031] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments. It cannot be determined that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the premise of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, which should all be regarded as belonging to the patent protection scope determined by the claims submitted for the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material, characterized in that, It includes a high-temperature flame-retardant layer (1) and a composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module; the high-temperature flame-retardant layer (1) covers and is fixed on the upper surface of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module; The composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module includes a porous water-absorbing layer, a heat-insulating hydrogel layer, a packaging layer, and a heat-insulating layer; The upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing layer are provided with the heat-insulating hydrogel layer; the porous water-absorbing layer provided with the heat-insulating hydrogel layer is wrapped and sealed by the packaging layer on the outside; the upper surface of the packaging layer is provided with the heat-insulating layer.

2. The soft high flame retardant and heat insulation protective composite material according to claim 1, wherein The heat-insulating layer wraps and is fixed on the outside of the packaging layer.

3. A kind of gentle, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating hydrogel layer is a mixture of water and oxide aerogel.

4. The soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material according to claim 3, wherein The oxide aerogel is silica aerogel or zirconia aerogel.

5. A kind of gentle high flame-retardant heat-insulating protective composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous water-absorbing layer is a porous water-absorbing cloth (5).

6. The soft high flame retardant and heat insulation protective composite material according to claim 1, wherein The packaging layer is a TUP film (3).

7. The soft high flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating layer is a fiberglass aluminum foil adhesive tape (2).

8. The preparation method of a soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Step 1: Coat the heat-insulating hydrogel layer on both the upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing layer; Step 2: Wrap and seal the porous water-absorbing layer coated with the heat-insulating hydrogel layer with the packaging layer on the outside; Step 3: Paste the heat-insulating layer on the upper surface of the packaging layer or wrap and seal the outside of the packaging layer with the heat-insulating layer to prepare the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module; Step 4: Fix the high-temperature flame-retardant layer (1) on the upper surface of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module.

9. The preparation method of a soft, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that In Step 1, spraying is used instead of coating. The spraying is to evenly spray the hydrogel on the porous water-absorbing layer so that the hydrogel adheres to the upper and lower surfaces of the porous water-absorbing layer to form the heat-insulating hydrogel layer.

10. The preparation method of a gentle, highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that Arrange a plurality of composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules in sequence and splice and adhere them to the inside of the high-temperature flame-retardant layer (1).

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