System solution for two-phase electric machine for vehicle propulsion

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to enabling vehicle propulsion using a two-phase electric machine (e.g., using computerized tools). For example, a two-phase electric driveline may include a plurality of unitary stage control units. Each of the plurality of cell stage control units may respectively include one or more battery cells, an H-bridge operable as a cell stage inverter, and a DC / DC converter in parallel with the H-bridge, the DC / DC converter converting a battery cell voltage to an output voltage. The plurality of single stage control units may be arranged in pairs of control unit strings including a first control unit string and a second control unit string.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The disclosed subject matter relates to electric vehicles (e.g., any type of vehicle that can be propelled using an electric motor and a battery), and more particularly, to vehicle propulsion using a two-phase motor. Background Art

[0002] Conventional electric vehicles utilize a converter with an integrated controller to convert the DC voltage from the battery into a varying voltage to accommodate charging from / to the power grid, drive an electric motor, and use battery voltages of 400V and 800V DC chargers. Conventional electric vehicles also utilize three-phase electric motors. However, the production cost of such conventional electric vehicles is high.

[0003] The above background related to electric vehicles is only intended to provide an overview of some current problems and is not intended to be exhaustive. Other context information may become more apparent by reading the following detailed description. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following presents a summary of the invention to provide a basic understanding of one or more embodiments of the present invention. The summary of the invention is not intended to identify key or important elements, or to delineate any scope of a particular embodiment or any scope of the claims. Its sole purpose is to present concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later. In one or more embodiments described herein, systems, devices, computer-implemented methods, apparatuses, and / or computer program products for facilitating vehicle propulsion using a two-phase motor are described.

[0005] As described above, electric vehicles can be improved in various ways, and various embodiments are described herein for this and / or other purposes.

[0006] According to one embodiment, a two-phase electric drivetrain can include a plurality of cell-level control units, where each of the plurality of battery cell-level control units respectively includes one or more battery cells, an H-bridge operable as a cell-level inverter, and a DC / DC converter connected in parallel with the H-bridge to convert the battery cell voltage into an output voltage, and where the plurality of cell-level control units are arranged in paired control unit strings including a first control unit string and a second control unit string.

[0007] According to another embodiment, a vehicle may include a two-phase electric powertrain that includes a plurality of cell-level control units, where each of the plurality of cell-level control units includes one or more battery cells, an H-bridge operable as a cell-level inverter, and a DC / DC converter in parallel with the H-bridge that converts the battery cell voltage to an output voltage, and where the plurality of cell-level control units are arranged in paired control unit strings including a first control unit string and a second control unit string.

[0008] According to yet another embodiment, a method for propelling an electric vehicle may include: closing paired branch switches, where the paired branch switches are respectively located between a two-phase motor and the paired control unit strings, and where closing the paired branch switches enables power to be supplied from the paired control unit strings to corresponding phases of the two-phase motor; and opening end switches that prevent charging of the paired control unit strings via an external power source, where each of the paired control unit strings includes a corresponding plurality of cell-level control units, and where each of the corresponding plurality of cell-level control units includes one or more battery cells, an H-bridge operable as a cell-level inverter, and a DC / DC converter in parallel with the H-bridge that converts the battery cell voltage to an output voltage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A block diagram illustrating an example electrical architecture of a vehicle in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

[0010] Figure 2 A block diagram illustrating an example cell-level control unit in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

[0011] Figure 3 A table illustrating control logic associated with a vehicle in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

[0012] Figure 4 A flow block diagram illustrating a process associated with two-phase motor propulsion in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

[0013] Figure 5 A flow block diagram illustrating a process associated with vehicle charging in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

[0014] Figure 6 is an example non-limiting computing environment in which one or more embodiments described herein can be implemented.

[0015] Figure 7 is an example non-limiting networking environment in which one or more embodiments described herein can be implemented. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following detailed description is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the embodiments and / or the application or uses of the embodiments. In addition, there is no intention to be bound by any express or implied information presented in the above background or summary or detailed description.

[0017] One or more embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, in various circumstances, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details.

[0018] It should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "coupled" to another element, it may describe one or more different types of coupling, including but not limited to chemical coupling, communicative coupling, capacitive coupling, electrical coupling, electromagnetic coupling, inductive coupling, operational coupling, conductive coupling, acoustic coupling, ultrasonic coupling, optical coupling, physical coupling, thermal coupling, and / or another type of coupling. As referred to herein, an "entity" may include a person, a client, a user, a computing device, a software application, an agent, a machine learning model, an artificial intelligence, and / or another entity. It should be understood that such an entity can facilitate implementation of the subject disclosure in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

[0019] The computer processing systems, computer-implemented methods, apparatuses, and / or computer program products described herein employ hardware and / or software to solve problems that are highly technical in nature, which are not abstract and cannot be performed as a set of mental acts by a human being.

[0020] Utilizing a two-phase motor and corresponding architecture can reduce vehicle cost, increase efficiency, and promote improved electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance. For example, EMC can be reduced because the corresponding two-phase motor can be fed to each phase through a pair of cables, and the current to / from the phase can cancel the corresponding field.

[0021] By using a two-phase motor instead of a three-phase motor, the amount of hardware required in the corresponding drivetrain can be reduced, thereby reducing the production cost of the corresponding electric vehicle. Additionally, by utilizing a battery pack of multiple cells organized into two strings (e.g., for a two-phase motor) instead of three strings (e.g., for a three-phase motor), a higher voltage with fewer cells in the corresponding battery pack can be achieved, which can reduce the current in the corresponding phase and can improve the efficiency of the corresponding two-phase electric vehicle. Further, for a battery of the same size, each plate can use a larger battery cell, which can reduce the cost per unit of energy. The foregoing can also achieve a higher voltage with fewer cells in the corresponding battery pack, because instead of dividing the battery cells into three strings (e.g., for a three-phase motor), the embodiments herein can divide the battery pack into two strings, which means that fewer cells are needed to achieve the same voltage (e.g., compared to a three-string battery), and thus the embodiments herein can achieve a higher voltage with the same number of cells compared to a three-phase propulsion system.

[0022] Turning now to Figure 1 , an example non-limiting electrical architecture of a vehicle 102 in accordance with one or more embodiments herein is shown. Note that vehicle 102 can include a two-phase electric drivetrain. While vehicle 102 can include an automobile, vehicle 102 is not limited thereto. Example vehicles 102 can include, but are not limited to, automobiles (e.g., autonomous vehicles), airplanes, trains, motorcycles, carts, trucks, semi-trucks, buses, boats, recreational vehicles, helicopters, jets, electric scooters, electric bicycles, vehicle chargers, vehicle charging stations, combinations thereof, and the like. It should also be noted that vehicle 102 can include a battery electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, or other suitable types of vehicles.

[0023] In various embodiments, vehicle 102 may include one or more of various components, such as a two-phase motor 104, a surge protector 106, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter 108, a residual breaker 110, a voltage measurement component 112, a switch 114 (e.g., including an inductor), an insulation monitoring device (IMD) 116, a neutral line 118, an L1 (AC) line 120, a DC+ line 122, a DC- line 124, a fuse 126 (e.g., a 600-ampere fuse or another suitable fuse), a switch 128, a switch 130, an EMI filter 132 (e.g., a ferrite EMI filter), a protective earth (PE) line 134, a switch 136 (e.g., a branch switch), a switch 138 (e.g., a branch switch), a switch 140 (e.g., an end switch), one or more cell-level control units 142 (e.g., cell-level control unit 142a, cell-level control unit 142b, cell-level control unit 142c, cell-level control unit 142d, cell-level control unit 142e, cell-level control unit 142f, cell-level control unit 142g, cell-level control unit 142h, cell-level control unit 142i, cell-level control unit 142j, cell-level control unit 142k, cell-level control unit 142l, cell-level control unit 142m, cell-level control unit 142n, cell-level control unit 142o, and / or cell-level control unit 142p), a control unit string 144 (e.g., a first control unit string), a control unit string 146 (e.g., a second control unit string), an IMD 148, a fuse 150 (e.g., a smart fuse), a fuse 152 (e.g., a smart fuse), a fuse 154 (e.g., a 50-ampere fuse or other suitable fuse), a switch 156, a controller 158 (e.g., including a processor 206 and / or a memory 208), an end 160a, an end 160b, an end 162a, an end 162b, a DC charging terminal 164, an AC charging terminal 166, a DC output 168, a DC output 170, and / or a DC output 172.

[0024] In various embodiments, vehicle 102 may include a two-phase electric drivetrain. In various embodiments, the battery pack of the two-phase electric drivetrain may include a plurality of cell-level control units 142. Note that the number of battery cells 220 and cell-level control units 142 may vary according to the application (e.g., the voltage required in the control unit string). In this regard, the higher the required string voltage, the more battery cells 220 and / or cell-level control units 142 that can be utilized in the corresponding battery pack. Thus, for example, a small vehicle with a relatively small battery pack may include fewer battery cells 220 and / or cell-level control units 142 than a relatively large vehicle with a relatively large battery pack. In various embodiments, each cell-level control unit 142 can respectively include one or more battery cells 220 and an H-bridge 212 operable as a cell-level inverter. In various embodiments, the plurality of cell-level control units 142 can be arranged into a pair of control unit strings including a first control unit string (e.g., control unit string 144) and a second control unit string (e.g., control unit string 146).

[0025] In various embodiments, the first corresponding cell-level control units 142 of the first control unit string 144 may be electrically connected in series. Similarly, the second corresponding cell-level control units 142 of the second control unit string 146 may be electrically connected in series.

[0026] In various embodiments, the pair of control unit strings may respectively include a first end (e.g., ends 160a and 160b) and a second end opposite the first end (e.g., ends 162a and 162b). In this regard, the corresponding first ends (e.g., ends 160a and 160b) of the pair of control unit strings (e.g., control unit strings 144 and 146) can be electrically connected to a charging terminal (e.g., DC charging terminal 164 or AC charging terminal 166).

[0027] In various embodiments, respective second ends of pairs of control unit strings (e.g., ends 162a and 162b) can be electrically connected to an end switch (e.g., switch 140) that enables the pairs of control unit strings to be charged in series and to a two-phase motor 104. In various embodiments, the two-phase motor 104 can include a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In additional embodiments, the two-phase motor 104 can include an asynchronous motor (ASM). For example, by closing the end switch 140 (e.g., via the controller 158), battery cells 220 of respective single-cell level control units 142 of the first control unit string 144 and the second control unit string 146 can be charged in series via AC or DC charging (e.g., the first control unit string 144 and the second control unit string 146 can be charged in series). In this regard, the two-phase electric powertrain can also include pairs of branch switches (e.g., switches 136 and 138) between the two-phase motor 104 and the pairs of control unit strings, respectively. In various embodiments, closing the pairs of branch switches (e.g., switches 136 and 138) can enable power to be supplied from the pairs of control unit strings to respective phases of the two-phase motor 104. In this regard, the first control unit string 144 and the second control unit string 146 are connected to respective phases of the two-phase motor 104.

[0028] In various embodiments, each single-cell level control unit 142 can include an H-bridge 212 and a DC / DC converter 214 to generate DC 400V, DC 800V, DC 15V, or another suitable voltage. The DC / DC converter 214 can be directly connected to the battery cell 220 and thus operate in parallel with the H-bridge 212. For example, the control of the DC / DC converter 214 and the H-bridge 212 is independent such that power can be generated independently. In one embodiment, the H-bridge 212 can be used for propulsion, and the DC / DC converter 214 can generate 400V DC for load feeding in the vehicle's electrical system (e.g., climate loads). In another embodiment, the H-bridge 212 can be used for propulsion, and the DC / DC converter 214 can generate 15V DC for load feeding in the vehicle's electrical system (e.g., for low-voltage loads).

[0029] Note that any number of single-cell level control units 142 can be connected in series and / or in parallel adjustably (e.g., via the H-bridge 212 controlled by the controller 204) to achieve any suitable voltage and / or current.

[0030] Now turning to Figure 2, which shows a block diagram of an example single - cell control unit 142 according to one or more embodiments described herein. The single - cell control unit 142 can include one or more battery cells 220, such as a plurality of battery cells 220. Each battery cell 220 can itself be a power source and can include any suitable material, including any suitable material for holding charge. The battery cells 220 can be connected to each other, for example, via the pole connectors of the battery cells 220. In various embodiments, the battery cells 220 can include battery cells of approximately 4V. In various embodiments, the single - cell control unit 142 can include four battery cells 220 or another suitable number of battery cells 220, so that each single - cell control unit 142 generates approximately 16 volts or another suitable voltage.

[0031] In various embodiments, a plurality of single - cell control units 142 can be part of a battery pack of the vehicle 102. Thus, a plurality of single - cell control units 142 can form a battery system or a battery pack. Such a battery system essentially forms a mounting unit, which thus facilitates handling and assembly into the corresponding vehicle 102.

[0032] In various embodiments, the controller 204 can control the use of the cells 220, and the H - bridge 212 of the controller 204 can facilitate connecting, disconnecting, and / or bypassing and / or connecting the individual cells 220 to each other and / or to external devices.

[0033] In various embodiments, the H - bridge 212 can include any suitable number of switches, transistors, capacitors, and / or other circuit elements. The switches and / or transistors can be operated, for example, via the control of the included controller 204 to facilitate the flow of current between the external components and the battery cells 220.

[0034] In various embodiments, the controller 204 can be connected in any suitable manner, such as communicatively and / or electrically connected to one or more battery cells 220. In one or more embodiments, the controller 204 can generally be connected to each cell 220.

[0035] In various embodiments, the controller 204 (e.g., the controller board) can be directly and / or indirectly soldered to the cell poles of the battery cells 220, and the controller 204 can be powered by the battery cells 220. In various embodiments, the controller 204 can include any suitable components, such as a processor 206, a bus 210, and / or a memory 208, for monitoring, controlling the cells 220, and / or generally communicating with the cells 220. That is, the cells 220 can be jointly controlled by the same controller 204 of the corresponding single - cell control unit 142.

[0036] In various embodiments, the controller 204 can be connected to one or more cells 220 via a network (e.g., communicatively, electrically, operatively, optically, etc.), and / or to one or more external systems, sources, and / or devices (e.g., classical and / or quantum computing devices, communication devices, etc.). The network can include one or more wired and / or wireless networks, including but not limited to cellular networks, wide area networks (WANs) (e.g., the Internet), and / or local area networks (LANs). For example, the cell control unit 142 can communicate with one or more external systems, sources, and / or devices (e.g., computing devices using the network), such as via the controller 204, which can include almost any desired wired or wireless technology, including but not limited to: powerline Ethernet, Wi-Fi, fiber optic communication, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (Enhanced GPRS), 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE), 3rd Generation Partnership Project (23GP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Zigbee, and other 802.XX wireless technologies and / or legacy telecommunications technologies, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), RF4CE protocol, WirelessHART protocol, 6LoWPAN (IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks), Z-Wave, ANT, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) standard protocols, and / or other proprietary and non-proprietary communication protocols. In these examples and as described above, the controller 204 can thus include hardware (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), transceiver, decoder, antenna, quantum hardware, quantum processor, etc.), software (e.g., a set of threads, a set of processes, software in execution, quantum pulse scheduling, quantum circuits, quantum gates, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software that facilitates the transfer of information between the cell-level control unit 142 and external systems, sources, and / or devices (e.g., computing devices, communication devices, etc.).

[0037] In various embodiments, the controller 204 can monitor the cell state of the cell 220. Based on the cell state, the controller 204 can determine (e.g., generate) an order for electrically connecting the cell 220 to an external device to allow current to flow between the external device and the multi-cell battery string. The order can be a time-based order, such as where certain cell 220s are connected before, during, or after other cell 220s in time. The connection can be used for charging and / or discharging the cell 220. The connection can be made by any suitable component, such as an H-bridge 212 having one or more switches, transistors, etc.

[0038] In various embodiments, the processor 206 may include one or more types of processors and / or electronic circuits (e.g., classical processors, quantum processors, etc.), which may implement one or more computer and / or machine-readable, writable, and / or executable components and / or instructions that may be stored in the memory. For example, the processor 206 may perform various operations specified by such computer and / or machine-readable, writable, and / or executable components and / or instructions, including but not limited to logic, control, input / output (I / O), arithmetic, etc. The processor 206 may include one or more central processing units (CPUs), multi-core processors, microprocessors, dual microprocessors, microcontrollers, system-on-a-chip (SOC), array processors, vector processors, quantum processors, and / or another type of processor. These examples of processors can be used to implement any of the embodiments described herein. In one example embodiment, the processor 206 may include a central processing unit (CPU), such as a microprocessor.

[0039] In various embodiments, the memory 208 may store one or more computer and / or machine-readable, writable, and / or executable components and / or instructions that, when executed by the processor 206 (e.g., classical processor, quantum processor, etc.), can facilitate the execution of operations defined by the executable components and / or instructions. For example, the memory 208 may store computer and / or machine-readable, writable, and / or executable components and / or instructions that, when executed by the processor 206, can facilitate the execution of various functions related to the controller 204 described herein.

[0040] In various embodiments, the memory 208 may include volatile memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM), static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), etc.) and / or non-volatile memory (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), etc.) that may employ one or more memory architectures. These examples of the memory 208 can be used to implement any of the embodiments described herein.

[0041] In various embodiments, the bus 210 may include one or more of a memory bus, a memory controller, a peripheral bus, an external bus, a local bus, a quantum bus, and / or another type of bus that may employ one or more bus architectures. One or more of these examples of the bus 210 can be used to implement one or more of the embodiments described herein.

[0042] Figure 3Table 300 shows control logic associated with a vehicle in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. For example, when vehicle 102 is parked, switches 136, 138, 140, 128, 130, 114, and 156 can be opened (e.g., as controlled by controller 158). Similarly, when vehicle 102 is in workshop service mode, switches 136, 138, 140, 128, 130, 114, and 156 can be opened (e.g., as controlled by controller 158). When vehicle 102 is powered on and in standby mode, switches 136 and 138 can be closed, and switches 140, 128, 130, 114, and 156 can be opened (e.g., as controlled by controller 158). Similarly, when the vehicle is in driving mode, switches 136 and 138 can be closed, and switches 140, 128, 130, 114, and 156 can be opened (e.g., as controlled by controller 158). When vehicle 102 is in AC charging mode, switches 140, 114, and 156 can be closed, and switches 136, 138, 128, and 130 can be opened (e.g., as controlled by controller 158). When vehicle 102 is in DC charging mode, switches 140, 128, and 130 can be closed, and switches 136, 138, 114, and 156 can be opened (e.g., as controlled by controller 158). In an emergency short - circuit mode, switches 136 and 138 can be closed, and switches 140, 128, 130, 114, and 156 can be opened (e.g., as controlled by controller 158).

[0043] Figure 4FIG. 400 is a flowchart of a process associated with two-phase motor propulsion in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. At 402, process 400 may include (e.g., via controller 158) determining a mode applicable to vehicle 102. At 404, if the vehicle is in a driving mode (e.g., yes at 404), then process 400 may proceed to 406. If at 404 the vehicle is not in a driving mode (e.g., no at 404), then process 400 may return to 402. At 406, process 400 may include (e.g., via controller 158) closing a pair of branch switches (e.g., switches 136 and 138), where the pair of branch switches (e.g., switches 136 and 138) are respectively located between two-phase motor 104 and a pair of control unit strings (e.g., control unit strings 144 and 146), and where closing the pair of branch switches (e.g., switches 136 and 138) enables power to be supplied from the pair of control unit strings (e.g., control unit strings 144 and 146) to corresponding phases of two-phase motor 104. At 408, process 400 may include opening an end switch (e.g., switch 140), which prevents charging of the pair of control unit strings (e.g., control unit strings 144 and 146) via an external power source (e.g., a DC charger via DC charging terminal 164 or an AC charger via AC charging terminal 166).

[0044] Figure 5 FIG. 500 is a flowchart of a process associated with vehicle charging in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. At 502, process 500 may include (e.g., via controller 158) determining a mode applicable to vehicle 102. At 504, if the vehicle is in a charging mode (e.g., yes at 504), then process 500 may proceed to 506. If at 504 the vehicle is not in a charging mode (e.g., no at 504), then process 500 may return to 502. At 506, process 500 may include (e.g., via controller 158) opening a pair of branch switches (e.g., switches 136 and 138), where the pair of branch switches (e.g., switches 136 and 138) are respectively located between two-phase motor 104 and a pair of control unit strings (e.g., control unit strings 144 and 146), and where opening the pair of branch switches (e.g., switches 136 and 138) disconnects the pair of control unit strings (e.g., control unit strings 144 and 146) from two-phase motor 104. At 508, process 500 may include closing an end switch (e.g., switch 140), which enables charging of the pair of control unit strings (e.g., control unit strings 144 and 146) via an external power source (e.g., a DC charger via DC charging terminal 164 or an AC charger via AC charging terminal 166).

[0045] The systems / vehicles described herein can be coupled (e.g., communicatively, electrically, operatively, optically, inductively, acoustically, etc.) to one or more local or remote (e.g., external) systems, sources, and / or devices (e.g., electronic control units (ECUs), classical and / or quantum computing devices, communication devices, etc.). For example, vehicle 102 (or other system, controller, processor, etc.) can be coupled (e.g., communicatively, electrically, operatively, optically, etc.) to one or more local or remote (e.g., external) systems, sources, and / or devices using a data cable (e.g., high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), recommended standard (RS), Ethernet cable, etc.) and / or one or more of the wired networks described below.

[0046] In some embodiments, the systems herein can be coupled (e.g., communicatively, electrically, operatively, optically, inductively, acoustically, etc.) to one or more local or remote (e.g., external) systems, sources, and / or devices (e.g., electronic control units (ECUs), classical and / or quantum computing devices, communication devices, etc.). In these embodiments, such networks can include one or more wired and / or wireless networks, including but not limited to cellular networks, wide area networks (WANs) (e.g., the Internet) and / or local area networks (LANs). For example, vehicle 102 can communicate with one or more local or remote (e.g., external) systems, sources, and / or devices, e.g., computing devices using such networks, which can actually include any desired wired or wireless technology, including but not limited to: powerline Ethernet, VHF, UHF, AM, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), fiber optic communication, global system for mobile communications (GSM), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), enhanced general packet radio service (enhanced GPRS), 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE), 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2), ultra mobile broadband (UMB), high speed packet access (HSPA), Zigbee and other 602.XX wireless technologies and / or legacy telecommunications technologies, session initiation protocol (SIP), RF4CE protocol, WirelessHART protocol, L-band voice or data messaging, 6LoWPAN (IPv6 over low power wireless personal area network), Z-Wave, ANT, ultra-wideband (UWB) standard protocol, and / or other proprietary and non-proprietary communication protocols. In this example, vehicle 102 can thus include hardware (e.g., central processing unit (CPU), transceiver, decoder, antenna (e.g., ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna, Low energy (BLE) antennas, etc., quantum hardware, quantum processors, etc., software (e.g., a set of threads, a set of processes, software in execution, quantum pulse scheduling, quantum circuits, quantum gates, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software that facilitates the transfer of information between the systems herein and remote (e.g., external) systems, sources, and / or devices (e.g., computing and / or communication devices such as, for example, smart phones, smart watches, wireless earbuds, etc.).

[0047] The systems herein can include one or more computer and / or machine-readable, writable, and / or executable components and / or instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processing unit 206 that can include a classical processor, a quantum processor, etc.), are capable of facilitating the execution of operations defined by these components and / or instructions. Additionally, in many embodiments, as described herein with or without reference to the various figures of the present disclosure, any component associated with the systems herein can include one or more computer and / or machine-readable, writable, and / or executable components and / or instructions that, when executed by a processor, are capable of facilitating the execution of operations defined by these components and / or instructions. Thus, according to many embodiments, the systems herein and / or any component associated therewith as disclosed herein can employ a processor (e.g., processing unit 206) to execute such computer and / or machine-readable, writable, and / or executable components and / or instructions to facilitate the execution of one or more operations described herein with reference to the systems herein and / or any such component associated therewith.

[0048] The systems herein can include any type of system, device, machine, apparatus, component, and / or instrument that includes a processor and / or can communicate with one or more local or remote electronic systems and / or one or more local or remote devices via a wired and / or wireless network. All such embodiments are contemplated. For example, a system (e.g., vehicle 102 or any other system or device described herein) can include a computing device, a general-purpose computer, a field-programmable gate array, an AI accelerator application-specific integrated circuit, a special-purpose computer, an in-vehicle computing device, a communication device, an in-vehicle communication device, a server device, a quantum computing device (e.g., a quantum computer), a tablet computing device, a handheld device, a server-class computing machine and / or database, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a consumer appliance and / or instrument, an industrial and / or commercial device, a digital assistant, a multimedia Internet-enabled phone, a multimedia player, and / or other types of devices.

[0049] To provide additional context for the various embodiments described herein, Figure 6The following discussion is intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable computing environment 600 in which embodiments described herein can be implemented. While embodiments have been described above in the general context of computer-executable instructions that may run on one or more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments can also be implemented in combination with other program modules and / or as a combination of hardware and software.

[0050] Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that various methods can be practiced with other computer system configurations, including single-processor or multi-processor computer systems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, distributed computing systems, and personal computers (e.g., ruggedized personal computers), field-programmable gate arrays, handheld computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, etc., each of which can be operably coupled to one or more associated devices.

[0051] The illustrated embodiments of the present disclosure can also be implemented in a distributed computing environment where certain tasks are performed by remote processing devices linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in both local and remote memory devices.

[0052] Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which can include computer-readable storage media, machine-readable storage media, and / or communication media, the two terms being used differently herein as follows. Computer-readable storage media or machine-readable storage media can be any available storage media accessible by a computer and includes volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example and not limitation, computer-readable storage media or machine-readable storage media can be implemented in connection with any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable or machine-readable instructions, program modules, structured data, or unstructured data.

[0053] A computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), Blu-ray disc (BD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, solid state drives or other solid state storage devices, or other tangible and / or non-transitory media that can be used to store the desired information. In this regard, the terms "tangible" or "non-transitory" as applied to memories, storage, or computer-readable media herein should be understood to exclude signals per se that propagate only transiently as modifiers, and do not relinquish rights to all standard storage devices, memories, or computer-readable media that do not propagate only transient signals per se.

[0054] A computer-readable storage medium can be accessed by one or more local or remote computing devices, such as via an access request, query, or other data retrieval protocol, for performing various operations on the information stored by the medium.

[0055] A communication medium typically includes computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other structured or unstructured data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transmission mechanism, and includes any information delivery or transport medium. The term "modulated data signal" refers to a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media such as a wired network or direct wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared, and other wireless media.

[0056] Referring again Figure 6 , an example environment 600 for implementing various embodiments for aspects described herein includes a computer 602 that includes a processing unit 604, a system memory 606, and a system bus 608. The system bus 608 couples system components including, but not limited to, the system memory 606 to the processing unit 604. The processing unit 604 can be any of a variety of commercially available processors, field programmable gate arrays, application specific integrated circuits for AI accelerators, or other suitable processors. Dual microprocessors and other multi-processor architectures can also be used as the processing unit 604.

[0057] The system bus 608 can be any of several types of bus structures and can be further interconnected to a memory bus (with or without a memory controller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of commercially available bus architectures. The system memory 606 includes ROM 610 and RAM 612. The basic input / output system (BIOS) can be stored in a non-volatile memory such as ROM, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, and the BIOS contains basic routines such as those that help transfer information between elements within the computer 602 during startup. The RAM 612 can also include high-speed RAM, such as static RAM for caching data. It should be noted that the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface can be utilized herein.

[0058] The computer 602 also includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD) 614 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), one or more external storage devices 616 (e.g., a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 616, a memory stick or flash drive reader, a memory card reader, etc.), and an optical disk drive 620 (e.g., which can read from or write to a disk 622 such as a CD-ROM disk, a DVD, a BD, etc.). Although the internal HDD 614 is shown as being located within the computer 602, the internal HDD 614 can also be configured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown). Additionally, although not shown in the environment 600, a solid state drive (SSD) can be used in addition to or in place of the HDD 614. The HDD 614, the external storage device 616, and the optical disk drive 620 can be connected to the system bus 608 via an HDD interface 624, an external storage interface 626, and an optical disk drive interface 628, respectively. The interface 624 for external drive implementation can include at least one or both of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394 interface technologies. Other external drive connection technologies are within the contemplation of the embodiments described herein.

[0059] The drives and their associated computer-readable storage media provide non-volatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executable instructions, etc. For the computer 602, the drives and storage media accommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digital format. Although the above description of computer-readable storage media relates to the corresponding types of storage devices, those skilled in the art should understand that other types of storage media that are computer-readable (whether currently existing or to be developed in the future) can also be used in the exemplary operating environment, and further, any such storage media can contain computer-executable instructions for performing the methods described herein.

[0060] Multiple program modules can be stored in the drive and RAM 612, including an operating system 630, one or more application programs 632, other program modules 634, and program data 636. All or part of the operating system, applications, modules, and / or data can also be cached in the RAM 612. The systems and methods described herein can be implemented using a variety of commercially available operating systems or combinations of operating systems.

[0061] The computer 602 can optionally include emulation technology. For example, a hypervisor (not shown) or other intermediary can emulate the hardware environment of the operating system 630, and the emulated hardware can optionally be different from Figure 6 the hardware shown. In such an embodiment, the operating system 630 can include one of a plurality of virtual machines (VMs) hosted at the computer 602. Additionally, the operating system 630 can provide runtime environments for the application programs 632, such as the Java runtime environment or the.NET framework. A runtime environment is a consistent execution environment that allows the application programs 632 to run on any operating system that includes the runtime environment. Similarly, the operating system 630 is capable of supporting containers, and the application programs 632 can be in the form of containers, which are lightweight, independent, executable software packages that include, for example, code, runtime, system tools, system libraries, and application settings.

[0062] Furthermore, the computer 602 can enable a security module, such as a trusted processing module (TPM). For example, using the TPM, boot components hash the next boot component in time before loading the next boot component and wait for the result to match a security value. This process can occur at any layer in the code execution stack of the computer 602, such as at the application execution level or the operating system (OS) kernel level, thus achieving security at any level of code execution.

[0063] Users can input commands and information into computer 602 via one or more wired / wireless input devices (e.g., keyboard 638, touch screen 640, and pointing devices such as mouse 642). Other input devices (not shown) can include microphones, infrared (IR) remote controls, radio frequency (RF) remote controls or other remote controls, joysticks, virtual reality controllers and / or virtual reality headsets, game pads, styluses, image input devices (e.g., cameras), gesture sensor input devices, visual motion sensor input devices, emotion or face detection devices, biometric input devices (e.g., fingerprint or iris scanners), etc. These and other input devices are typically connected to processing unit 604 via an input device interface 644 that can be coupled to system bus 608, but can be connected via other interfaces, such as parallel ports, IEEE 1394 serial ports, game ports, USB ports, IR interfaces, BLUETOOTH interfaces, etc.

[0064] Monitor 646 or other types of display devices can also be connected to system bus 608 via an interface such as video adapter 648. In addition to monitor 646, computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.

[0065] Computer 602 can operate in a networked environment using a logical connection to one or more remote computers (such as remote computer 650) via wired and / or wireless communication. Remote computer 650 can be a workstation, server computer, router, personal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainment device, peer device, or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described with respect to computer 602, although only memory / storage device 652 is shown for simplicity. The depicted logical connections include wired / wireless connections to local area network (LAN) 654 and / or a larger network (e.g., wide area network (WAN) 656). Such LAN and WAN networking environments are common in offices and companies and facilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which can be connected to a global communication network, such as the Internet.

[0066] When used in a LAN networking environment, computer 602 can be connected to local network 654 via a wired and / or wireless communication network interface or adapter 658. Adapter 658 can facilitate wired or wireless communication to LAN 654, which can also include a wireless access point (AP) disposed thereon for communicating with adapter 658 in wireless mode.

[0067] When used in a WAN networking environment, computer 602 may include a modem 660 or may be connected to a communication server on WAN 656 via other means for establishing communications over the WAN 656, such as over the Internet. The modem 660, which can be internal or external and a wired or wireless device, may be connected to the system bus 608 via an input device interface 644. In a networking environment, program modules depicted relative to computer 602 or portions thereof may be stored in a remote memory / storage device 652. It should be appreciated that the network connections shown are examples and other means of establishing a communications link between computers may be used.

[0068] When used in a LAN or WAN networking environment, in addition to or instead of the external storage device 616 described above, computer 602 may also access a cloud storage system or other network-based storage system. Generally, the connection between computer 602 and the cloud storage system may be established, for example, by adapter 658 or modem 660 over LAN 654 or WAN 656, respectively. When connecting computer 602 to an associated cloud storage system, the external storage interface 626 may manage the storage provided by the cloud storage system with the help of adapter 658 and / or modem 660, just as with other types of external storage. For example, the external storage interface 626 may be configured to provide access to cloud storage sources as if these sources were physically connected to computer 602.

[0069] Computer 602 may be operable to communicate with any wireless device or entity operably disposed in wireless communication, such as a printer, scanner, desktop and / or portable computer, portable data assistant, communication satellite, any device or location associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., kiosk, newsstand, store shelf, etc.), and a telephone. This may include Wi-Fi and BLUETOOTH wireless technologies. Thus, the communications can be a predefined structure like a conventional network or can be simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.

[0070] Now refer to Figure 7 , which shows a schematic block diagram of a computing environment 700 in accordance with the present specification. System 700 includes one or more clients 702 (e.g., computers, smart phones, tablets, cameras, PDAs). The clients 702 can be hardware and / or software (e.g., threads, processes, computing devices). For example, the clients 702 can be adapted to accommodate cookies and / or associated context information by adopting a specification.

[0071] System 700 also includes one or more servers 704. The server 704 can also be hardware or hardware combined with software (e.g., threads, processes, computing devices). For example, the server 704 can host threads to perform transformations of media items by adopting aspects of the present disclosure. A possible communication between the client 702 and the server 704 can be in the form of data packets suitable for transmission between two or more computer processes, where the data packets can include encoded analyzed header space and / or input. For example, the data packets can include cookies and / or associated context information. System 700 includes a communication framework 706 (e.g., a global communication network such as the Internet) that can be used to facilitate communication between the client 702 and the server 704.

[0072] Communication can be facilitated via wired (including fiber optic) and / or wireless technologies. The client 702 is operatively connected to one or more client data memories 708, which can be used to store information local to the client 702 (e.g., cookies and / or associated context information). Similarly, the server 704 is operatively connected to one or more server data memories 710 that can be used to store information local to the server 704. In addition, the client 702 can be operatively connected to one or more server data memories 710.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the client 702 can transfer an encoded file (e.g., an encoded media item) to the server 704. The server 704 can store the file, decode the file, or transfer the file to another client 702. Note that according to the present disclosure, the client 702 can also transfer an uncompressed file to the server 704, and the server 704 can compress the file and / or transform the file. Similarly, the server 704 can encode information and send the information to one or more clients 702 via the communication framework 706.

[0074] The illustrated aspects of the present disclosure can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment where certain tasks are performed by remote processing devices linked by a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote memory storage devices.

[0075] The above description includes non-limiting examples of various embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methods for the purpose of describing the disclosed subject matter, and those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and permutations of the various embodiments are possible. The disclosed subject matter is intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0076] Regarding the various functions performed by the above-described components, devices, circuits, systems, etc., unless otherwise specified, the terms used to describe such components (including references to "means") are also intended to include any structure that performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., a functional equivalent), even if not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure. Additionally, although a particular feature of the disclosed subject matter may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several embodiments, such a feature may be combined with one or more other features of other embodiments, as may be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application.

[0077] As used herein, the terms "exemplary" and / or "illustrative" are intended to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. To avoid doubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by these examples. Additionally, any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" and / or "illustrative" is not necessarily to be construed as more preferred or advantageous than other aspects or designs, nor does it mean excluding equivalent structures and techniques known to those skilled in the art. Further, to the extent that the terms "comprising," "having," "containing," and other similar words are used in the detailed description or claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive - in a manner similar to the term "including" as an open transitional word - and do not exclude any additional or other elements.

[0078] As used herein, the term "or" is intended to mean an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or". For example, the phrase "A or B" is intended to include instances of A, B, and both A and B. Additionally, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and the appended claims generally should be construed to mean "one or more" unless otherwise specified or clearly indicated from the context to be in the singular form.

[0079] As used herein, the term "group" excludes an empty group, i.e., a group with no elements. Thus, a "set" in the disclosure of the present subject matter includes one or more elements or entities. Similarly, the term "group" as used herein refers to a collection of one or more entities.

[0080] The description of the illustrated embodiments of the subject matter disclosed herein (including that which is described in the abstract) is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications that are contemplated within the scope of such embodiments and examples are possible, as will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art. In this regard, while the subject matter has been described herein in connection with various embodiments and the corresponding drawings, it should be understood that, where applicable, other similar embodiments may be used or modifications and additions may be made to the described embodiments to perform the same, similar, alternative, or substitute functions of the disclosed subject matter without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed in accordance with the breadth and scope of the appended claims.

[0081] Other aspects of the invention are provided by the subject matter of the following clauses:

[0082] 1. A two-phase electric powertrain, comprising:

[0083] A plurality of cell-level control units, wherein each of the plurality of cell-level control units respectively comprises:

[0084] One or more battery cells,

[0085] An H-bridge, operable as a cell-level inverter,

[0086] A DC / DC converter in parallel with the H-bridge, which converts the battery cell voltage into an output voltage,

[0087] Wherein the plurality of cell-level control units are arranged in pairs of control unit strings including a first control unit string and a second control unit string.

[0088] 2. The two-phase electric powertrain according to any of the preceding clauses,

[0089] Wherein the first corresponding cell-level control units of the first control unit string are connected in series electrically, and

[0090] Wherein the second corresponding cell-level control units of the second control unit string are connected in series electrically.

[0091] 3. The two-phase electric powertrain according to any of the preceding clauses,

[0092] Wherein the pairs of control unit strings respectively include a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and

[0093] Wherein the corresponding first ends of the pairs of control unit strings are electrically connected to the charging terminals.

[0094] 4. A two-phase electric drive system according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the respective second ends of the pair of control unit strings are electrically connected to an end switch enabling series charging of the pair of control unit strings and to a two-phase motor.

[0095] 5. A two-phase electric drive system according to any of the preceding clauses, further comprising:

[0096] A pair of branch switches respectively between the two-phase motor and the pair of control unit strings, wherein closing the pair of branch switches enables power supply from the pair of control unit strings to the respective phases of the two-phase motor.

[0097] 6. A two-phase electric drive system according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the output voltage includes DC 400V or DC 800V.

[0098] 7. A two-phase electric drive system according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the output voltage includes DC 15V.

[0099] 8. Any combination of the two-phase electric drive system of clause 1 above with any set of the two-phase electric drive systems of clauses 2 - 7 above.

[0100] 9. A vehicle comprising:

[0101] A two-phase electric drive system, comprising:

[0102] A plurality of single-cell control units, wherein each single-cell control unit among the plurality of single-cell control units respectively comprises:

[0103] One or more battery cells,

[0104] An H-bridge operable as a single-cell inverter, and

[0105] A DC / DC converter in parallel with the H-bridge, which converts the battery cell voltage into an output voltage,

[0106] Wherein the plurality of single-cell control units are arranged into a pair of control unit strings including a first control unit string and a second control unit string.

[0107] 10. A vehicle according to any of the preceding clauses,

[0108] Wherein the first respective single-cell control units of the first control unit string are connected in series electrically, and

[0109] Wherein the second respective single-cell control units of the second control unit string are connected in series electrically.

[0110] 11. A vehicle according to any of the preceding clauses,

[0111] wherein each of the pairs of control unit strings includes a first end and a second end opposite the first end, and

[0112] wherein the respective first ends of the pairs of control unit strings are electrically connected to a charging terminal.

[0113] 12. The vehicle according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the respective second ends of the pairs of control unit strings are electrically connected to an end switch that enables the pairs of control unit strings to be charged in series and to a two-phase motor.

[0114] 13. The vehicle according to any of the preceding clauses, further comprising:

[0115] Pairs of branch switches respectively between the two-phase motor and the pairs of control unit strings, wherein closing the pairs of branch switches enables power supply from the pairs of control unit strings to the respective phases of the two-phase motor.

[0116] 14. The vehicle according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the output voltage includes DC 400V or DC 800V.

[0117] 15. The vehicle according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the output voltage includes DC 15V.

[0118] 16. The vehicle of clause 9 above has any combination of the vehicles of clauses 10 - 15 above.

[0119] 17. A method for propelling an electric vehicle, comprising:

[0120] Closing pairs of branch switches, wherein the pairs of branch switches are respectively between a two-phase motor and pairs of control unit strings, and closing the pairs of branch switches enables power supply from the pairs of control unit strings to the respective phases of the two-phase motor; and

[0121] Opening an end switch that prevents charging of the pairs of control unit strings via an external power source,

[0122] wherein each control unit string in the pairs of control unit strings includes a respective plurality of single-stage control units, and wherein each single-stage control unit in the respective plurality of single-stage control units respectively includes:

[0123] One or more battery cells,

[0124] An H-bridge operable as a single-stage inverter, and

[0125] A DC / DC converter in parallel with the H-bridge that converts the battery cell voltage to an output voltage.

[0126] 18. The method according to any of the preceding clauses,

[0127] Among them, the first corresponding single-cell level control units of the first control unit string in the pair of control unit strings are connected in series electrically, and

[0128] Among them, the second corresponding single-cell level control units of the second control unit string in the pair of control unit strings are connected in series electrically.

[0129] 19. The method according to any of the preceding clauses,

[0130] wherein the pair of control unit strings respectively include a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and

[0131] wherein the corresponding first ends of the pair of control unit strings are electrically connected to the charging terminals.

[0132] 20. The method according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the corresponding second ends of the pair of control unit strings are electrically connected to an end switch that enables the pair of control unit strings to be charged in series and are electrically connected to a two-phase motor.

[0133] 21. The method according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the output voltage includes DC 400V or DC 800V.

[0134] 22. The method according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the output voltage includes DC 15V.

[0135] 23. Any combination of the method of clause 17 above and any group of the methods of clauses 18-22 above.

Claims

1. A two-phase electric drive system, comprising: A plurality of single-cell control units, wherein each of the plurality of single-cell control units respectively comprises: One or more battery cells, An H-bridge, which is operable as a single-cell inverter, and A DC / DC converter in parallel with the H-bridge, which converts the battery cell voltage into an output voltage, Wherein the plurality of single-cell control units are arranged into paired control unit strings including a first control unit string and a second control unit string.

2. The two-phase electric drive system according to claim 1, Among them, The first corresponding single-cell control units of the first control unit string are connected in series electrically, and Wherein the second corresponding single-cell control units of the second control unit string are connected in series electrically.

3. The two-phase electric drive system according to claim 1, Wherein the paired control unit strings respectively comprise a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and Wherein the corresponding first ends of the paired control unit strings are electrically connected to a charging terminal.

4. The two-phase electric drive train according to claim 1, wherein The corresponding second ends of the paired control unit strings are electrically connected to an end switch enabling the paired control unit strings to be charged in series and are electrically connected to a two-phase motor.

5. The two-phase electric drive system according to claim 4, further comprising: Paired branch switches respectively between the two-phase motor and the paired control unit strings, wherein closing the paired branch switches enables power supply from the paired control unit strings to the corresponding phases of the two-phase motor.

6. The two-phase electric drive system according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage comprises DC 400V or DC 800V.

7. The two-phase electric drive system according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage comprises DC 15V.

8. A vehicle, comprising: A two-phase electric drive system, which comprises: A plurality of single-cell control units, wherein each of the plurality of single-cell control units respectively comprises: One or more battery cells, An H-bridge, operable as a single-cell inverter, and A DC / DC converter in parallel with the H-bridge, which converts the battery cell voltage into an output voltage, Wherein the plurality of single-cell control units are arranged into paired control unit strings including a first control unit string and a second control unit string.

9. The vehicle according to claim 8, Among them, The first corresponding single-cell control units of the first control unit string are connected in series electrically, and Wherein the second corresponding single-cell control units of the second control unit string are connected in series electrically.

10. The vehicle according to claim 8, Wherein the paired control unit strings respectively comprise a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and Wherein the corresponding first ends of the paired control unit strings are electrically connected to a charging terminal.

11. The vehicle according to claim 8, wherein, The corresponding second ends of the paired control unit strings are electrically connected to an end switch enabling the paired control unit strings to be charged in series and are electrically connected to a two-phase motor.

12. The vehicle according to claim 11, further comprising: Paired branch switches respectively between the two-phase motor and the paired control unit strings, wherein closing the paired branch switches enables power supply from the paired control unit strings to the corresponding phases of the two-phase motor.

13. The vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the output voltage comprises DC 400V or DC 800V.

14. The vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the output voltage comprises DC 15V.

15. A method for propelling an electric vehicle, comprising: Closing paired branch switches, wherein the paired branch switches are respectively located between a two-phase motor and a paired control unit string, and closing the paired branch switches enables power supply from the paired control unit string to corresponding phases of the two-phase motor; And Opening an end switch, which prevents charging of the paired control unit string via an external power source, wherein each control unit string in the paired control unit string comprises a corresponding plurality of single-stage control units, and wherein each single-stage control unit in the corresponding plurality of single-stage control units respectively comprises: One or more battery cells, An H-bridge operable as a single-stage inverter, and A DC / DC converter connected in parallel with the H-bridge, which converts the battery cell voltage into an output voltage.

16. The method according to claim 15, Among them, The first corresponding single-stage control units of the first control unit string in the paired control unit string are connected in series electrically, and wherein the second corresponding single-stage control units of the second control unit string in the paired control unit string are connected in series electrically.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the paired control unit strings respectively comprise a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and wherein the corresponding first ends of the paired control unit strings are electrically connected to charging terminals.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The corresponding second ends of the paired control unit strings are electrically connected to an end switch enabling series charging of the paired control unit strings and to a two-phase motor.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the output voltage comprises DC 400V or DC 800V.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein the output voltage comprises DC 15V.

Images