Conductive concrete with characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity as well as preparation method and application of conductive concrete

Abstract

The invention discloses conductive concrete with solar energy storage and electricity storage characteristics and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of concrete building materials and intelligent construction. In order to develop the conductive concrete capable of storing solar energy and storing electricity, cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, light absorption and energy storage microcapsules, nano conductive filler, a water reducing agent and water are respectively weighed according to a certain mass ratio; preparing a first mixed solution from a water reducing agent, water and a nano conductive filler by using a suspension method; sequentially adding the cement, the silica fume, the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsule into a stirring container, stirring uniformly, then adding the first mixed solution, stirring uniformly to obtain freshly prepared conductive concrete, and loading the freshly prepared conductive concrete into a prefabricated mold embedded with a positive electrode and a negative electrode; and carrying out standard room-temperature curing on the freshly prepared conductive concrete loaded into the prefabricated mold to obtain the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of concrete building materials and intelligent construction, and particularly relates to a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a core component in the field of renewable energy, solar energy technology has achieved breakthrough development in recent years, and gradually formed diversified technical paths and application models. According to the energy conversion mechanism, solar energy utilization technologies mainly include two categories: photovoltaic power generation technology and solar thermal utilization technology, each with distinct technical characteristics and application advantages. Among them, photovoltaic power generation directly converts solar energy into electrical energy by means of the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor materials, and is usually used in conjunction with electrochemical energy storage batteries (such as lithium batteries, sodium batteries, etc.) to achieve electrical energy storage. However, current solar power generation technology still has significant restrictive factors in terms of economic cost, safety hazards, service life, and power adaptability. These key issues have hindered the large-scale promotion of this technology and the improvement of cost competitiveness. Although the price of electrochemical energy storage batteries shows a continuous downward trend, the total cost of a complete energy storage solution is still relatively high, restricting its commercial application; there is a risk of thermal management failure in energy storage batteries, and there have been multiple safety accidents in energy storage power stations internationally in recent years, such as the fire incidents in several large-scale energy storage power stations in Europe and America; the performance of electrochemical energy storage batteries will decline during the process of cyclic use, directly affecting the overall life cycle benefit of the energy storage system; the volatility characteristics of photovoltaic power generation lead to the problem of supply-demand mismatch, manifested as the mismatch between the daytime power generation peak and the evening power consumption peak, and it is necessary to use an energy storage system or flexible power sources for adjustment and balance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to develop a conductive concrete with the ability to store solar energy and electricity storage, and to provide a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, as well as a preparation method and application thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Weigh cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules, nano-conductive fillers, water reducing agent and water respectively according to a certain mass ratio;

[0007] S2. Prepare a first mixed solution by using the suspension method with the water reducing agent, water and nano-conductive fillers weighed in step S1;

[0008] S3. Add the cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules weighed in step S1 into the mixing container in sequence and stir until uniform. Then add the first mixed solution prepared in step S2 and stir until uniform to obtain freshly prepared conductive concrete, which is then loaded into a precast mold embedded with a positive electrode and a negative electrode;

[0009] S4. After subjecting the freshly prepared conductive concrete loaded into the precast mold to standard room temperature curing, a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and generating electricity is obtained.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, the cement and silica fume form a cementitious material, and the mass ratio of silica fume to cement is 0.2:1; the mass ratio of fine aggregate to cementitious material is 1:1, and the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.11 mm to 1.5 mm; the mass ratio of coarse aggregate to cementitious material is 0.4:0.6, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 10 mm to 16 mm; the mass ratio of light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules to cementitious material is 0.05 - 0.15:1; the mass ratio of water reducing agent to cementitious material is 0.02 - 0.04:1; the mass ratio of water to cementitious material is 0.16 - 0.3:1;

[0011] The nano conductive filler is one of carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and nano carbon black. 0.3 - 0.9 vol% of nano conductive filler is incorporated into the conductive concrete. The incorporation mass of the nano conductive filler is calculated according to the following formula:

[0012]

[0013] where, M ncf is the incorporation mass of the nano conductive filler, ρ ncf is the density of the nano conductive filler, C ncf is the dosage of the nano conductive filler, taking 0.3 - 0.9 vol%, and V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete.

[0014] Furthermore, the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules in step S1 are micron-sized capsule materials prepared with polymethyl methacrylate as the wall material and a light-absorbing material combined with a phase change material as the core material. The light-absorbing material in the core material is one of two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets, metal nanoparticles, and polypyrrole, and the phase change material in the core material is eicosane. The specific preparation method includes the following steps:

[0015] S1.1. Prepare the organic phase solution:

[0016] Mix the light-absorbing material and the phase change material, dissolve them in dichloromethane solution together with polymethyl methacrylate, and stir evenly. The mass ratio of the light-absorbing material to the phase change material is 0.6:0.4, the mass ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:0.4 - 0.6, and the mass ratio of the dichloromethane solution to the total mass of the core material and the wall material is 2:1 - 5:1;

[0017] S1.2. Prepare the aqueous solution: Add polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier to deionized water, heat it to the range of 65°C to 75°C and stir evenly. The mass of the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier is 1.2wt% to 2.1wt% of the mass of the core material, and the volume ratio of deionized water to the organic phase solution is 5 to 8:1;

[0018] S1.3. Emulsify the solution: Slowly add the organic phase solution prepared in step S1.1 to the aqueous phase solution prepared in step S1.2, and homogenize it at 15000r / min to 20000r / min for 3 minutes to 5 minutes with a high-speed homogenizer to obtain an emulsion;

[0019] S1.4. Volatilize and solidify the microcapsules: Place the emulsion obtained in step S1.3 in a ventilated or heated environment to volatilize the organic solvent and solidify the wall material, and obtain the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules.

[0020] Further, the suspension method in step S2 is to mix the nano conductive filler, water and water reducing agent together, and use a high-speed homogenizer to homogenize at 15000r / min for 3 minutes to prepare the first mixed solution.

[0021] Further, the positive electrode material corresponding to the positive electrode in step S3 is one of lithium, manganese dioxide, and sodium, and the negative electrode material corresponding to the negative electrode is one of graphite, zinc, and carbon;

[0022] The positive and negative electrodes are respectively embedded on both sides of the long side of the conductive concrete. The distance from the outer edge, the thickness and area of the electrodes are determined according to the following expressions:

[0023] L S = L / 10

[0024] H E = L / 50

[0025]

[0026] Among them, L S is the distance between the positive and negative electrodes from the outer edge of the conductive concrete. L is the length of the long side of the conductive concrete. H E is the thickness of the positive and negative electrodes, S is the area of the positive and negative electrodes, and b and h are the cross-sectional dimensions of the conductive concrete;

[0027] At the corresponding positions of the positive and negative electrodes arranged in the conductive concrete, set the positive electrode interface and the negative electrode interface to be connected to the positive and negative electrodes respectively. The interface material is nickel-plated steel. The thickness and area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces are determined according to the following expressions:

[0028] H T = H E = L / 50

[0029]

[0030] Among them, H T is the thickness of the positive and negative electrode interfaces, and S T is the area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces.

[0031] Furthermore, the standard room temperature curing conditions in step S4 are a temperature of 20°C ± 2°C, a humidity of ≥ 95%, and a curing time of 28 days.

[0032] A conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage is realized according to the preparation method of the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage. After the sun shines on the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage absorbs the solar light energy, and the light energy storage microcapsules store the light energy inside the conductive concrete;

[0033] Under the action of the light energy storage microcapsules, the light energy will excite the electrons in the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage to move between the positive and negative electrodes to form a potential difference. The work function and photoelectric effect of the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage conform to the following relationship:

[0034] K = E t - W cc = E l + E m - W cc > 0

[0035] Among them, K is the electron kinetic energy, and E t is the light energy, W cc is the work function of the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, E l is the light energy absorbed by the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, E m is the light energy absorbed by the light energy storage microcapsules;

[0036] E l = hv

[0037]

[0038] Among them, h is Planck's constant, taking 6.626×10 -34 Joule·second, v is the frequency of light, taking 3.8×10 14 Hz~7.5×10 14 Hz, δ is the light energy absorption efficiency of the light energy storage microcapsules, m is the mass of the light energy storage microcapsules, t is the energy storage time, W is the work function of ordinary concrete, taking 6 eV, and M ncf is the incorporated mass of the nano conductive filler, and R ncfis the resistivity of the nano-conductive filler, V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete;

[0039] Based on the above, the following formula is obtained:

[0040]

[0041] The application of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage is realized according to the preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, and is used in the field of intelligent construction technology.

[0042] Furthermore, an external circuit is connected to both the positive and negative electrodes of the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, and an electrical device is connected. Electrons flow from the positive electrode through the external circuit and the electrical device to the negative electrode, thus forming an electric current.

[0043] Furthermore, in the actual engineering field, multiple conductive concretes with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage are constructed and designed into series and parallel structures to form a large-scale power distribution network, providing voltage and current for various electrical devices.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0045] Taking the preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage of the present invention as an example, in which two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets are combined with eicosane, encapsulated in polymethyl methacrylate microcapsules, and added to the conductive concrete doped with nano-conductive materials to form a solar energy absorption-energy storage-conduction integrated "storage battery", the performance prediction is carried out from the aspects of economic cost, potential safety hazards, service life, and power adaptation, etc., and the material performance indicators are compared with the existing research. The results are as follows:

[0046] The light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules adopt a core-shell structure design. Two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets are used as the light-absorbing material and together with the eicosane phase change material form the core material; polymethyl methacrylate is used as the wall material to provide protection and structural support. Black phosphorus nanosheets have unique direct bandgap semiconductor properties, and their bandgap can be adjusted from 0.3 eV (bulk state) to 1.5 eV (single-layer state), and can efficiently absorb broad-spectrum sunlight from visible light to infrared light. When sunlight shines, the semiconductor properties of black phosphorus nanosheets directly convert light energy into electrical energy. Eicosane, as a phase change material, absorbs / stores electrical energy during sunlight irradiation, realizing high-density energy storage and retention.

[0047] The nano-conductive materials are uniformly dispersed in the concrete matrix to form a three-dimensional conductive network. These materials not only enhance the electrical conductivity of the concrete, enabling the generated current to be effectively collected and transmitted, but also improve the mechanical strength and durability of the concrete. The conductive network forms a synergistic effect with the black phosphorus nanosheets in the microcapsules, optimizing the electrical energy conversion and electron transport efficiency of the entire system.

[0048] The concrete matrix, as a structural support material, plays a role in protection and encapsulation. Among them, the positive and negative electrodes serve as the two electrodes where electrochemical reactions occur in the "storage battery", and the electrolyte, composed of cement mortar, nano-conductive fillers, and early void solution, plays a role in conducting ions.

[0049] The preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage described in the present invention has a working mechanism: sunlight penetrates the concrete surface and is absorbed by the black phosphorus nanosheets → light energy is converted into electrical energy → electrical energy is directly output and used through the conductive network → electrical energy is stored in the conductive concrete, and direct current can be released as needed or the direct current can be converted into alternating current through an alternating current voltage regulating device to provide power for electrical equipment (DC / AC). The system realizes multiple conversions and utilizations of light-electricity, greatly improving the utilization efficiency of solar energy. Description of the Drawings

[0050] Figure 1 It is the light absorption - energy storage - electricity storage schematic diagram of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage described in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the embedded positions of the positive and negative electrode materials of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage described in the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] The preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. Weigh cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, light absorption and energy storage microcapsules, nano-conductive fillers, water reducer, and water respectively according to a certain mass ratio;

[0055] Further, in step S1, cement and silica fume form a cementitious material, and the mass ratio of silica fume to cement is 0.2:1; the mass ratio of fine aggregate to cementitious material is 1:1, and the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.11 mm to 1.5 mm; the mass ratio of coarse aggregate to cementitious material is 0.4:0.6, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 10 mm to 16 mm; the mass ratio of light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules to cementitious material is 0.05 - 0.15:1; the mass ratio of water reducing agent to cementitious material is 0.02 - 0.04:1; the mass ratio of water to cementitious material is 0.16 - 0.3:1;

[0056] The nano-conductive filler is one of carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and nano carbon black. 0.3 - 0.9 vol% of nano-conductive filler is incorporated into the conductive concrete. The incorporation mass of the nano-conductive filler is calculated according to the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] where M ncf is the incorporation mass of the nano-conductive filler, ρ ncf is the density of the nano-conductive filler, C ncf is the dosage of the nano-conductive filler, taking 0.3 - 0.9 vol%, and V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete.

[0059] Further, the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules in step S1 are micron-sized capsule materials prepared with polymethyl methacrylate as the wall material and a light-absorbing material combined with a phase change material as the core material. The light-absorbing material in the core material is one of two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets, metal nanoparticles, and polypyrrole, and the phase change material in the core material is eicosane. The specific preparation method includes the following steps:

[0060] S1.1. Prepare the organic phase solution:

[0061] Mix the light-absorbing material and the phase change material and dissolve them in dichloromethane solution with polymethyl methacrylate, and stir evenly. The mass ratio of the light-absorbing material to the phase change material is 0.6:0.4, the mass ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:0.4 - 0.6, and the mass ratio of the dichloromethane solution to the total mass of the core material and the wall material is 2:1 - 5:1;

[0062] S1.2. Prepare the aqueous phase solution: Add polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier to deionized water, heat it to the range of 65°C - 75°C and stir evenly. The mass of the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier is 1.2 wt% - 2.1 wt% of the mass of the core material, and the volume ratio of deionized water to the organic phase solution is 5 - 8:1;

[0063] S1.3. Emulsifying solution: Slowly add the organic phase solution prepared in step S1.1 to the aqueous phase solution prepared in step S1.2, and homogenize it at 15000 r / min - 20000 r / min for 3 minutes - 5 minutes with a high-speed homogenizer to obtain an emulsion;

[0064] S1.4. Volatilizing and curing microcapsules: Place the emulsion obtained in step S1.3 in a ventilated or heated environment. After the organic solvent volatilizes and the wall material cures, light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules are obtained;

[0065] S2. Prepare the first mixed solution by using the suspension method with the water reducer, water, and nano-conductive filler weighed in step S1;

[0066] Further, the suspension method in step S2 is to mix the nano-conductive filler, water, and water reducer together and use a high-speed homogenizer to homogenize at 15000 r / min for 3 minutes to prepare the first mixed solution;

[0067] S3. Add the cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules weighed in step S1 to the stirring container in sequence and stir until uniform. Then add the first mixed solution prepared in step S2 and stir until uniform to obtain freshly prepared conductive concrete, which is filled into a prefabricated mold embedded with a positive electrode and a negative electrode;

[0068] Further, the positive electrode material corresponding to the positive electrode in step S3 is one of lithium, manganese dioxide, and sodium, and the negative electrode material corresponding to the negative electrode is one of graphite, zinc, and carbon;

[0069] The positive and negative electrodes are respectively embedded on both sides of the long side of the conductive concrete. The distance from the outer edge, the thickness and area of the electrodes are determined according to the following expressions:

[0070] L S = L / 10

[0071] H E = L / 50

[0072]

[0073] where L S is the distance between the positive and negative electrodes from the outer edge of the conductive concrete, L is the length of the long side of the conductive concrete, H E is the thickness of the positive and negative electrodes, S is the area of the positive and negative electrodes, and b and h are the cross-sectional dimensions of the conductive concrete;

[0074] At the corresponding positions of the conductive concrete where the positive and negative electrodes are arranged, set a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes. The interface material is nickel-plated steel, and the thickness and area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces are determined according to the following expressions:

[0075] HT = H E = L / 50

[0076]

[0077] wherein, H T is the thickness of the positive and negative electrode interfaces, and S T is the area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces.

[0078] S4. After subjecting the freshly prepared conductive concrete loaded into the prefabricated mold to standard room temperature curing, a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy for electricity storage is obtained.

[0079] Furthermore, the standard room temperature curing conditions in step S4 are a temperature of 20°C ± 2°C, a humidity of ≥ 95%, and a curing time of 28 days.

[0080] Table 1 shows the comprehensive comparison between the conductive concrete "battery" and solar photovoltaic power generation technology:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] From the comparison, it can be seen that the conductive concrete "battery" has obvious advantages in terms of economic cost, potential safety hazards, service life, and power adaptability. Although it lags behind temporarily in terms of photoelectric conversion efficiency, its comprehensive energy efficiency and building integration characteristics can create a unique application value space for it.

[0085] Example 2:

[0086] A conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy for electricity storage, realized according to the preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy for electricity storage described in Example 1, is characterized in that after the sun shines on the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy for electricity storage, the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy for electricity storage absorbs the solar light energy, and the light energy is stored inside the conductive concrete by the light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules;

[0087] Under the action of the light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules, the light energy will stimulate the electrons in the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy for electricity storage to move between the positive and negative electrodes to form a potential difference. The work function and photoelectric effect of the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy for electricity storage conform to the following relationship:

[0088] K = E t - W cc = E l + F m - W cc > 0

[0089] Among them, K is the electron kinetic energy, and E t is the light energy, and W cc is the work function of the conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage, and E l is the light energy absorbed by the conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage, and E m is the light energy absorbed by the light-absorbing energy-storing microcapsules;

[0090] E l = hv

[0091]

[0092] Among them, h is the Planck constant, taking 6.626×10 -34 Joule·second, v is the frequency of light, taking 3.8×10 14 Hz~7.5×10 14 Hz, δ is the light energy absorption efficiency of the light-absorbing energy-storing microcapsules, m is the mass of the light-absorbing energy-storing microcapsules, t is the energy storage time, W is the work function of ordinary concrete, taking 6eV, and M ncf is the incorporated mass of the nano-conductive filler, and R ncf is the resistivity of the nano-conductive filler, and V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete;

[0093] Based on the above, the following formula is obtained:

[0094]

[0095] Example 3:

[0096] An application of a conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage, which is realized according to the preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage described in Example 1, and is used in the field of intelligent construction technology.

[0097] Furthermore, an external circuit is connected to both the positive and negative electrodes of the conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage and an electrical device is connected. Electrons flow from the positive electrode through the external circuit and the electrical device to the negative electrode, thereby forming an electric current.

[0098] Furthermore, in the actual engineering field, a plurality of conductive concretes with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage are constructed and designed into series and parallel structures to form a large-scale power distribution network, providing voltage and current for various electrical devices.

[0099] Example 4:

[0100] A preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage, comprising the following steps:

[0101] S1. Weigh cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules, nano-conductive filler, water reducer and water respectively according to a certain mass ratio;

[0102] Further, in step S1, cement and silica fume form a cementitious material, and the mass ratio of silica fume to cement is 0.2:1; the mass ratio of fine aggregate to cementitious material is 1:1, and the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.11 mm to 1.5 mm; the mass ratio of coarse aggregate to cementitious material is 0.4:0.6, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 10 mm to 16 mm; the mass ratio of light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules to cementitious material is 0.05:1; the mass ratio of water reducer to cementitious material is 0.02:1; the mass ratio of water to cementitious material is 0.16:1;

[0103] The nano-conductive filler is carbon nanofiber. 0.3 vol% of nano-conductive filler is incorporated into the conductive concrete. The incorporation mass of the nano-conductive filler is calculated according to the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] where M ncf is the incorporation mass of the nano-conductive filler, ρ ncf is the density of the nano-conductive filler, and V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete;

[0106] Further, the light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules in step S1 are micron-sized capsule materials prepared with polymethyl methacrylate as the wall material and a light-absorbing material combined with a phase change material as the core material. The light-absorbing material in the core material is two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets, and the phase change material in the core material is eicosane. The specific preparation method includes the following steps:

[0107] S1.1. Prepare an organic phase solution:

[0108] Mix the light-absorbing material and the phase change material and dissolve them in dichloromethane solution together with polymethyl methacrylate, and stir evenly. The mass ratio of the light-absorbing material to the phase change material is 0.6:0.4, the mass ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:0.4, and the mass ratio of the dichloromethane solution to the total mass of the core material and the wall material is 2:1;

[0109] S1.2. Prepare an aqueous phase solution: Add polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier to deionized water, heat it to within 65 °C and stir evenly. The mass of the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier is 1.2 wt% of the mass of the core material, and the volume ratio of deionized water to the organic phase solution is 5:1;

[0110] S1.3. Emulsify the solution: Slowly add the organic phase solution prepared in step S1.1 to the aqueous phase solution prepared in step S1.2, and homogenize it with a high-speed homogenizer at 15000 r / min for 5 minutes to obtain an emulsion;

[0111] S1.4. Volatile solidification microcapsules: Place the emulsion obtained in step S1.3 in a ventilated or heated environment. After the organic solvent volatilizes and the wall material solidifies, light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules are obtained;

[0112] S2. Prepare the first mixed solution from the weighed water reducer, water, and nano-conductive filler obtained in step S1 by the suspension method;

[0113] Further, the suspension method in step S2 is to mix the nano-conductive filler, water, and water reducer together and use a high-speed homogenizer to homogenize at 15,000 r / min for 3 minutes to prepare the first mixed solution;

[0114] S3. Add the weighed cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules obtained in step S1 to the mixing container in sequence and stir until uniform. Then add the first mixed solution prepared in step S2 and stir until uniform to obtain freshly prepared conductive concrete, which is loaded into a prefabricated mold embedded with a positive electrode and a negative electrode;

[0115] Further, the positive electrode material corresponding to the positive electrode in step S3 is manganese dioxide, and the negative electrode material corresponding to the negative electrode is graphite;

[0116] The positive and negative electrodes are respectively embedded on both sides of the long side of the conductive concrete. The distance from the outer edge, the thickness and area of the electrodes are determined according to the following expressions:

[0117] L S = L / 10

[0118] H E = L / 50

[0119]

[0120] where L S is the distance between the positive and negative electrodes from the outer edge of the conductive concrete, L is the length of the long side of the conductive concrete, H E is the thickness of the positive and negative electrodes, S is the area of the positive and negative electrodes, and b and h are the cross-sectional dimensions of the conductive concrete;

[0121] At the corresponding positions where the positive and negative electrodes are arranged in the conductive concrete, set a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface to be respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes. The interface material is nickel-plated steel. The thickness and area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces are determined according to the following expressions:

[0122] H T = H E = L / 50

[0123]

[0124] where H T is the thickness of the positive and negative electrode interfaces, ST is the area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces.

[0125] S4. After subjecting the freshly prepared conductive concrete loaded into the prefabricated mold to standard room temperature curing, a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage is obtained.

[0126] Further, the standard room temperature curing conditions in step S4 are a temperature of 20 °C, a humidity of ≥95%, and a curing time of 28 days.

[0127] Example 5:

[0128] A preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage includes the following steps:

[0129] S1. Weigh cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules, nano-conductive fillers, water-reducing agents, and water respectively according to a certain mass ratio;

[0130] Further, in step S1, cement and silica fume form a cementitious material, and the mass ratio of silica fume to cement is 0.2:1; the mass ratio of fine aggregate to cementitious material is 1:1, and the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.11 mm to 1.5 mm; the mass ratio of coarse aggregate to cementitious material is 0.4:0.6, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 10 mm to 16 mm; the mass ratio of light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules to cementitious material is 0.15:1; the mass ratio of water-reducing agent to cementitious material is 0.04:1; the mass ratio of water to cementitious material is 0.3:1;

[0131] The nano-conductive filler is carbon nanotubes, and 0.9 vol% of nano-conductive filler is incorporated into the conductive concrete. The incorporation mass of the nano-conductive filler is calculated according to the following formula:

[0132]

[0133] where M ncf is the incorporation mass of the nano-conductive filler, ρ ncf is the density of the nano-conductive filler, and V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete;

[0134] Further, the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules in step S1 are micron-sized capsule materials prepared with polymethyl methacrylate as the wall material and a light-absorbing material combined with a phase change material as the core material. The light-absorbing material in the core material is polypyrrole, and the phase change material in the core material is eicosane. The specific preparation method includes the following steps:

[0135] S1.1. Configure the organic phase solution:

[0136] The light-absorbing material and the phase-change material are mixed and dissolved in methyl methacrylate in dichloromethane solution, and stirred evenly. The mass ratio of the light-absorbing material to the phase-change material is 0.6:0.4, the mass ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:0.6, and the mass ratio of the dichloromethane solution to the total mass of the core material and the wall material is 5:1;

[0137] S1.2. Prepare the aqueous solution: Add polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier to deionized water, heat to within 75 °C and stir evenly. The mass of the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier is 2.1 wt% of the mass of the core material, and the volume ratio of deionized water to the organic phase solution is 8:1;

[0138] S1.3. Emulsify the solution: Slowly add the organic phase solution prepared in step S1.1 to the aqueous phase solution prepared in step S1.2, and homogenize with a high-speed homogenizer at 20000 r / min for 3 minutes to obtain an emulsion;

[0139] S1.4. Volatilize and solidify the microcapsules: Place the emulsion obtained in step S1.3 in a ventilated or heated environment to volatilize the organic solvent and solidify the wall material to obtain light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules;

[0140] S2. Prepare the first mixed solution by using the suspension method for the water reducer, water and nano-conductive filler weighed in step S1;

[0141] Further, the suspension method in step S2 is to mix the nano-conductive filler, water and water reducer together, and use a high-speed homogenizer to homogenize at 15000 r / min for 3 minutes to prepare the first mixed solution;

[0142] S3. Add the cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules weighed in step S1 to the stirring container in sequence and stir until uniform, then add the first mixed solution prepared in step S2 and stir until uniform to obtain freshly prepared conductive concrete, which is filled into a prefabricated mold embedded with a positive electrode and a negative electrode;

[0143] Further, the positive electrode material corresponding to the positive electrode in step S3 is sodium, and the negative electrode material corresponding to the negative electrode is zinc;

[0144] The positive and negative electrodes are respectively embedded on both sides of the long side of the conductive concrete, and the distance from the outer edge, the electrode thickness and the area are determined according to the following expressions:

[0145] L S = L / 10

[0146] H E = L / 50

[0147]

[0148] where L Sis the distance between the positive and negative electrodes from the outer edge of the conductive concrete, L is the length of the long side of the conductive concrete, and H E is the thickness of the positive and negative electrodes, S is the area of the positive and negative electrodes, and b and h are the cross-sectional dimensions of the conductive concrete;

[0149] At the corresponding positions of the positive and negative electrodes arranged in the conductive concrete, a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface are set to be connected to the positive and negative electrodes respectively. The interface material is nickel-plated steel, and the thickness and area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces are determined according to the following expressions:

[0150] H T = H E = L / 50

[0151]

[0152] wherein, H T is the thickness of the positive and negative electrode interfaces, and S T is the area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces.

[0153] S4. After subjecting the freshly prepared conductive concrete loaded into the prefabricated mold to standard room temperature curing, a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity is obtained.

[0154] Furthermore, the standard room temperature curing conditions in step S4 are a temperature of 22°C, a humidity of ≥95%, and a curing time of 28 days.

[0155] Example 6:

[0156] A preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity, comprising the following steps:

[0157] S1. Weigh cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules, nano conductive fillers, water reducing agent and water respectively according to a certain mass ratio;

[0158] Furthermore, in step S1, the cement and silica fume form a cementitious material, and the mass ratio of silica fume to cement is 0.2:1; the mass ratio of the fine aggregate to the cementitious material is 1:1, and the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.11 mm to 1.5 mm; the mass ratio of the coarse aggregate to the cementitious material is 0.4:0.6, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 10 mm to 16 mm; the mass ratio of the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules to the cementitious material is 0.1:1; the mass ratio of the water reducing agent to the cementitious material is 0.03:1; the mass ratio of water to the cementitious material is 0.2:1;

[0159] The nano conductive filler is nano carbon black, and 0.6 vol% of the nano conductive filler is incorporated inside the conductive concrete. The incorporated mass of the nano conductive filler is calculated according to the following formula:

[0160]

[0161] Among them, M ncf is the incorporated mass of the nano-conductive filler, ρ ncf is the density of the nano-conductive filler, and V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete;

[0162] Furthermore, the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules in step S1 are micron-scale capsule materials prepared with polymethyl methacrylate as the wall material and a light-absorbing material combined with a phase change material as the core material. The light-absorbing material in the core material is metal nanoparticles, and the phase change material in the core material is eicosane. The specific preparation method includes the following steps:

[0163] S1.1. Prepare the organic phase solution:

[0164] Mix the light-absorbing material and the phase change material and dissolve them in dichloromethane solution, stir evenly. The mass ratio of the light-absorbing material to the phase change material is 0.6:0.4, the mass ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:0.5, and the mass ratio of the dichloromethane solution to the total mass of the core material and the wall material is 3:1;

[0165] S1.2. Prepare the aqueous phase solution: Add polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier to deionized water, heat to within 70 °C and stir evenly. The mass of the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier is 1.8 wt% of the mass of the core material, and the volume ratio of deionized water to the organic phase solution is 6.5:1;

[0166] S1.3. Emulsify the solution: Slowly add the organic phase solution prepared in step S1.1 to the aqueous phase solution prepared in step S1.2, and homogenize with a high-speed homogenizer at 20000 r / min for 4 minutes to obtain an emulsion;

[0167] S1.4. Volatilize and solidify the microcapsules: Place the emulsion obtained in step S1.3 in a ventilated or heated environment to volatilize the organic solvent and solidify the wall material, and obtain the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules;

[0168] S2. Use the suspension method to prepare the first mixed solution with the water reducer, water, and nano-conductive filler weighed in step S1;

[0169] Furthermore, the suspension method in step S2 is to mix the nano-conductive filler, water, and water reducer together, and use a high-speed homogenizer to homogenize at 15000 r / min for 3 minutes to prepare the first mixed solution;

[0170] S3. Add the cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules weighed in step S1 to the stirring container in sequence and stir until uniform, and then add the first mixed solution prepared in step S2 and stir until uniform to obtain freshly prepared conductive concrete, which is filled into a prefabricated mold embedded with positive and negative electrodes;

[0171] Further, in step S3, the positive electrode material corresponding to the positive electrode is lithium, and the negative electrode material corresponding to the negative electrode is carbon;

[0172] The positive and negative electrodes are respectively embedded on both sides of the long side of the conductive concrete. The distance from the outer edge, the electrode thickness and area are determined according to the following expressions:

[0173] L S = L / 10

[0174] H E = L / 50

[0175]

[0176] where L S is the distance between the positive and negative electrodes from the outer edge of the conductive concrete, L is the length of the long side of the conductive concrete, H E is the thickness of the positive and negative electrodes, S is the area of the positive and negative electrodes, and b and h are the cross-sectional dimensions of the conductive concrete;

[0177] At the corresponding positions of the positive and negative electrodes arranged in the conductive concrete, a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface are set to be connected to the positive and negative electrodes respectively. The interface material is nickel-plated steel. The thickness and area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces are determined according to the following expressions:

[0178] H T = H E = L / 50

[0179]

[0180] where H T is the thickness of the positive and negative electrode interfaces, and S T is the area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces.

[0181] S4. After subjecting the freshly prepared conductive concrete loaded into the prefabricated mold to standard room temperature curing, a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity is obtained.

[0182] Further, the standard room temperature curing conditions in step S4 are a temperature of 22°C, a humidity of ≥95%, and a curing time of 28 days.

[0183] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising said element.

[0184] Although the present application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, various improvements can be made thereto and components thereof can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the specific embodiments disclosed in the present application can be combined with each other in any manner, and the exhaustive description of the combinations is not given in this specification only for the sake of saving space and resources. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A preparation method of conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Weigh cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules, nano conductive filler, water reducer and water respectively according to a certain mass ratio; S2. Prepare a first mixed solution by using the suspension method with the water reducer, water and nano conductive filler weighed in step S1; S3. Add the cement, silica fume, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules weighed in step S1 into the stirring container in sequence and stir until uniform, then add the first mixed solution prepared in step S2 and stir until uniform to obtain freshly prepared conductive concrete, which is filled into a prefabricated mold embedded with a positive electrode and a negative electrode; S4. After standard room temperature curing of the freshly prepared conductive concrete filled into the prefabricated mold, a kind of conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity is obtained.

2. The preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the cement and silica fume form a cementitious material, and the mass ratio of silica fume to cement is 0.2:1; the mass ratio of fine aggregate to cementitious material is 1:1, and the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.11 mm to 1.5 mm; the mass ratio of coarse aggregate to cementitious material is 0.4:0.6, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 10 mm to 16 mm; the mass ratio of light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules to cementitious material is 0.05 - 0.15:1; the mass ratio of water reducer to cementitious material is 0.02 - 0.04:1; the mass ratio of water to cementitious material is 0.16 - 0.3:1; The nano conductive filler is one of carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and nano carbon black. 0.3 - 0.9 vol% of the nano conductive filler is set to be incorporated into the conductive concrete, and the incorporation mass of the nano conductive filler is calculated according to the following formula: Among them, M ncf is the incorporation mass of the nano conductive filler, ρ ncf is the density of the nano conductive filler, C ncf is the dosage of the nano conductive filler, taking 0.3 - 0.9 vol%, V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete.

3. The preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules in step S1 are micron-sized capsule materials prepared with polymethyl methacrylate as the wall material and a light-absorbing material combined with a phase change material as the core material. The light-absorbing material in the core material is one of two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets, metal nanoparticles, and polypyrrole, and the phase change material in the core material is eicosane. The specific preparation method includes the following steps: S1.

1. Prepare an organic phase solution: Mix the light-absorbing material and the phase change material and dissolve them in dichloromethane solution with polymethyl methacrylate, and stir evenly. The mass ratio of the light-absorbing material to the phase change material is 0.6:0.4, the mass ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:0.4 - 0.6, and the mass ratio of the dichloromethane solution to the total mass of the core material and the wall material is 2:1 - 5:1; S1.

2. Prepare an aqueous phase solution: Add a polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier to deionized water, heat it to the range of 65°C - 75°C and stir evenly. The mass of the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier is 1.2 wt% - 2.1 wt% of the mass of the core material, and the volume ratio of deionized water to the organic phase solution is 5 - 8:1; S1.

3. Emulsify the solution: Slowly add the organic phase solution prepared in step S1.1 to the aqueous phase solution prepared in step S1.2, and homogenize it at 15000 r / min - 20000 r / min for 3 minutes - 5 minutes by a high-speed homogenizer to obtain an emulsion; S1.

4. Volatilize and solidify the microcapsules: Place the emulsion obtained in step S1.3 in a ventilated or heated environment to volatilize the organic solvent and solidify the wall material to obtain the light-absorbing and energy-storing microcapsules.

4. The preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy for electricity storage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The suspension method in step S2 is to mix nano-conductive filler, water and water reducer together, and use a high-speed homogenizer to homogenize at a high speed of 15,000 r / min for 3 minutes to prepare a first mixed solution.

5. The preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the positive electrode material corresponding to the positive electrode is one of lithium, manganese dioxide, and sodium, and the negative electrode material corresponding to the negative electrode is one of graphite, zinc, and carbon; The positive and negative electrodes are respectively embedded on both long sides of the conductive concrete. The distance from the outer edge, the electrode thickness and area are determined according to the following expressions: L S = L / 10 H E = L / 50 Among them, L S is the distance from the positive and negative electrodes to the outer edge of the conductive concrete, L is the long side length of the conductive concrete, H E is the thickness of the positive and negative electrodes, S is the area of the positive and negative electrodes, and b and h are the cross-sectional dimensions of the conductive concrete; At the corresponding positions of the positive and negative electrodes in the conductive concrete, a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface are set to be connected to the positive and negative electrodes respectively. The interface material is nickel-plated steel. The thickness and area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces are determined according to the following expressions: H T = H E = L / 50 Among them, H T is the thickness of the positive and negative electrode interfaces, and S T is the area of the positive and negative electrode interfaces.

6. The preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S4, the standard room temperature curing conditions are a temperature of 20°C ± 2°C, a humidity of ≥ 95%, and a curing time of 28 days.

7. A conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage, which is realized according to the preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage as described in any one of claims 1-6, wherein, After sunlight shines on the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage, the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage absorbs the solar light energy, and the light energy storage microcapsules store the light energy inside the conductive concrete; Under the action of the light energy storage microcapsules, the light energy will excite the electrons in the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage to move between the positive and negative electrodes to form a potential difference. The work function and photoelectric effect of the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage conform to the following relationship: K = E t -W cc = E l + E m -W cc > 0 Among them, K is the kinetic energy of electrons, and E t is the light energy, and W cc is the work function of the conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage, and E l is the light energy absorbed by the conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage, and E m is the light energy absorbed by the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsules; E l = hv Among them, h is Planck's constant, taking 6.626×10 -34 Joule·second, v is the frequency of light, taking 3.8×1014Hz to 7.5×1014Hz, δ is the light energy absorption efficiency of the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsule, m is the mass of the light-absorbing energy storage microcapsule, t is the energy storage time, W is the work function of ordinary concrete, taking 6eV, M ncf is the incorporated mass of the nano conductive filler, R ncf is the resistivity of the nano conductive filler, V cc is the volume of the conductive concrete; Based on the above, the following formula is obtained:

8. Application of a conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage, which is realized according to the preparation method of a conductive concrete with the characteristic of storing solar energy for electricity storage as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It is used in the field of intelligent construction technology.

9. Use of a conductive concrete having the characteristics of storing solar energy and storing electricity according to claim 8, characterized in that, Connect an external circuit and electrical equipment to both ends of the positive and negative electrodes of the conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage. Electrons flow from the positive electrode through the external circuit and electrical equipment to the negative electrode, thus forming an electric current.

10. The application of a conductive concrete with the characteristics of storing solar energy and accumulating electricity according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the actual engineering field, multiple conductive concretes with the characteristics of storing solar energy and electricity storage are designed into series and parallel structures to form a large-scale power distribution network to provide voltage and current for various electrical equipment.

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